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JMSS 2009, Published by:
Vol.5, No.2
BIZ
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i z t e k
i z t e k
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.
Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34969984-7 FAX: (92-21) 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
Executive Development Center (City Campus)1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, UZMA PLAZA, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6,
PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34301085-88 Fax: (92-21) 34301089
E-MAIL: [email protected] URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190 PakistanUAN: (92-21) 111-428-428 FAX: (92-21) 35092384
E-MAIL: [email protected] URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Legal, Structural and Functional Aspects of Crisis Management in the Republic of SloveniaMarjan MALEŠIC
The Sociology of Battered WomenBabita Tewari
Illegal Immigration in USA: Policy and Demand DilemmaMahmuda Khatun, Sharmeen Ahmed
David R. LefflerA New Role for the Military: Preventing Enemies from Arising-Reviving an Ancient Approachto Peace
State Reconstitution and the Challenge of Democracy in SomaliaVictor Ojakorotu, L. Andy Afinotan
The Role of Leadership in Human Resource Management a Comparative Study of SpecificPublic and Private Sectors in Pakistan
Akbar Ali
Military Counseling in the Armed Forces Community of South KoreaPark Gyun Yeol
The Relationships Between the Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction: Emprical FindingsFrom Higher Education Institution in Malaysia
Muhammad Masroor Alam
Seasonal Adjustment of Some Financial Indicators of PakistanS. M. Husnain Bokhari, Ishaque Ahmed Ansari
Board of GovernorsInstitute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)
PatronDr. Ishrat ul Ebad Khan
Governor of Sindh
Chairman
Chancellor, BIZTEK
Rizwan MemonSecretary, Education Department
Government of Sindh
Justice Agha Rafique Ahmed KhanFederal Secretary Law & Justice Division
Abdul Majid Haji MuhammadPresident
Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Air Commodore (R) Prof. Dr. Ijaz MalikVice Chancellor Air University, Islamabad
M. Anwar Dawood
Adnan AbidCEO, Noman Abid & Company Limited
Col (R) Tahir HussainVice-chairman & Rector
ChairmanHEC
A. K. M. SaeedAdvisor, NACL (Holdings and Investment)
Noman Abid Lakhani
Member, Noman Group of Companies
Volume 5, Number 2
Fall 2009
The Sociology of Battered WomenBabita Tewari – 173-179
State Reconstitution and the Challenge of Democracy in SomaliaVictor Ojakorotu, L. Andy Afinotan – 140-152
The Role of Leadership in Human Resource Management a Comparative Study of SpecificPublic and Private Sectors in Pakistan
Akbar Ali– 180-194
Military Counseling in the Armed Forces Community of South KoreaPark Gyun Yeol– 93-106
The Relationships Between the Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction: EmpricalFindings From Higher Education Institution in Malaysia
Muhammad Masroor Alam– 124-139
Seasonal Adjustment of Some Financial Indicators of PakistanS. M. Husnain Bokhari, Ishaque Ahmed Ansari – 107-123
Legal, Structural and Functional Aspects of Crisis Management in the Republic of SloveniaMarjan MALEŠIC– 80-92
Illegal Immigration in USA: Policy and Demand DilemmaMahmuda Khatun, Sharmeen Ahmed – 163-172
A New Role for the Military: Preventing Enemies from Arising-Reviving an Ancient Approachto Peace
David R. Leffler – 153-162
Reference List and Citations: Authors are requested to follow the Chicago Style of Manual forreferring and citation. List references alphabetically by the author(s) last name and then by the year. Pleaserefer name of all the authors for collective work and avoid using et al . in lieu of authors' names. Donot use abbreviated name of journals and institutions. Clearly mention the web site(s) address(s) for thearticle, paper or report that is neither published nor accepted for publication.
INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS
Author(s) are requested to please carefully read all the instructions before submitting a manuscript to theJournal of Management and Social Sciences (JMSS). Manuscripts not prepared as per below mentionedspecifications may be returned to the author(s) and may experience significant delays in review and timeto publication.
MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION
Three hard copies of manuscripts of articles, comments, notes or book-reviews, should be submitted to
Tables and Figures: Figures, tables and boxes should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numeral,(e.g. Figure 1, Figure 2, and Table 1, Table 2, etc.). Do not draw colourful customized figures and graphs.Please avoid inserting figures and tables in the main text. Instead, in the space immediately after theparagraph in which the figure or table is first referenced, insert a text tag as: [Figure 1 here].
Soft copy of figures/graphs and tables should be accompanied with the soft copy of the manuscript inMicrosoft Excel or any other compatible format, in files separate from the text file(s).
Title Page: This includes the title of the article, complete name(s) of author(s), active email(s) andinstitutional affiliation(s) respectively. Acknowledgements or any other special note (if given) shouldalso be on this page.
General Format and Style: Manuscripts should be formed in double space, with 1.25-inch margins onall sides on A4 size page. The text as well as footnotes should be written in Times New Roman font ofsize 12 point. Do not use multiple columns. If you are using special characters or symbols, not availablein Microsoft Word, or Adobe Acrobat then please attach the true type font(s) files. The soft copy mustexactly match the hard copy.
One soft copy of the manuscript should also be received at [email protected],[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],[email protected] Manuscripts should be prepared in US English using a word processing(preferably in MS Word) program and saved as a .doc, .rtf files or .pdf files.
Footnotes: All footnotes should be numbered in Arabic numeral, corresponding to numbers in the text,and placed at the bottom of the page rather than end of the manuscript.
soft copy in any standard spreadsheet format. If the manuscript is supported by any econometriccomputations or mathematical estimation then name the software with version and send the relevantestimation file and/or program routines.
Data and Programming Routines: Data used in the article should be separately provided alongwith the
The EditorJournal of Management and Social Sciences
Institute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek
Karachi-75190 Pakistan
MANUSCRIPT SPECIFICATIONS
Abstract: All manuscripts should contain a well-summarized abstract of 100 to 200 words. This shouldbe a separate file on the soft copy and a separate page on the hard copy. The abstract should be relatedto the hypothesis and information being presented, as well as the conclusions and results of generalinterest.
Journal of Management and Social SciencesManaging Editor & PatronNoman Abid Lakhani
ChancellorInstitute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)
EditorRiaz Ahmed Shaikh
BOARD OF EDITORS
Manager CirculationSyed Shahid Hussain
JMSS is published by the:
Editorial Assistant
Tariq Rashid Baig
Arsalan Mujahid GhouriUsman Ali Siddiqui
Creative Graphic Designer
Mike O’ DONNELLDerrick M NAULTDavid R LEFFLERRebecca L. SCHIFFShahzad AHMAD KHANRosalie Arcala HALLPark Gyun YEOLJoseph SOETERSRaffaele MARCHETTIAnik CHATTERJEEBadar Alam IQBALRavinder RENAMuhammad Aslam JAVEDMansoor-uz-Zafar DAWOODMashood Ahmad KHANMuhammad Ali SIDDIQUIMuhammad Masroor ALAMZareen ABBASSILina ASKARINoor Muhammad JAMALIFarooq AZIZIshaque ANSARISyed Jaffar AHMEDYaseen Ahmed MEENAI
University of WestminsterUniversity of CalgaryCenter for Advanced Military Science (CAMS)Harvard Law SchoolNeurology and Sleep Consultant, PennsylvaniaUniversity of PhilippinesGyeongsang National UniversityNetherland Defence AcademyLUISS UniversityPresidency CollegeAligarh Muslim UniversityPNG University of TechnologyUniversity of DelhiKing Faisal UniversityLUMHSBIZTEKBIZTEKUniversity of SindhPAF– KIETUniversity of SindhFederal Urdu UniversityState Bank of PakistanUniversity of KarachiIBA
United KingdomCalgary, CanadaUSAUSAUSAPhilippinesKoreaBreda, NetherlandsRome, ItalyKolkata, IndiaAligarh, IndiaPapua New GuineaDelhi, IndiaSaudi ArabJamshoro, PakistanKarachi, PakistanKarachi, PakistanJamshoro, PakistanKarachi, PakistanJamshoro, PakistanKarachi, PakistanKarachi, PakistanKarachi, PakistanKarachi, Pakistan
Research AssociateNaveed -Ur-Rehman Khan
Institute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)Main Campus: Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190 Pakistan
UAN: (92-21) 111-428-428 FAX: (92-21) 35092384, E-MAIL: [email protected] URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Executive Development Center (City Campus)1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, UZMA PLAZA, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 34301085-88 Fax: (92-21) 34301089 E-MAIL: [email protected] URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road. Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.
Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988
Editorial ReviewsThe Military and Domestic Politics: A Concordance Theoryof Civil-Military Relations (Cass Military Studies)by Rebecca L Schiff
Product DescriptionOne of the key questions in Civil-MilitaryRelations (CMR) theory is: under whatconditions will the military intervene in thedomestic politics of the nation? Most scholarsagree with the theory of objective civiliancontrol of the military, which focuses on theseparation of civil and military institutions,focusing on the US case. By contrast,concordance theory offers both an institutionaland cultural framework for explaining domesticmilitary intervention, emphasizing agreementamong three partners: the political elites, themilitary and the citizenry.
Rebecca Schiff examines four indicators ofconcordance:
• Social composition of the officer corps• Recruitment method• Political decision-making process• Military style.
If agreement occurs among the three partners with respect to the fourindicators, domestic military intervention is less likely to occur. Here thistheory is applied to six international historical cases studies: US, post-SecondWorld War period; American Post-Revolutionary Period (1790-1800); Israel(1980-90); Argentina (1945-55); India post-Independence and 1980s;Pakistan (1958-69). Concordance theory offers a better explanation forpredicting domestic military intervention than traditional theories and willbe a valuable addition to the CMR literature.
The Military and Domestic Politics will be of much interest to advancedstudents of civil-military relations, military sociology, political science andUS politics
Product Details• Hardcover: 182 pages• Publisher: Routledge; 1 edition (October 2, 2008)• Language: English• ISBN-10: 0415773407• ISBN-13: 978-0415773409• Product Dimensions: 9.2 x 6.2 x 0.6 inches
Editorial ReviewsThe Military and Domestic Politics: A Concordance Theoryof Civil-Military Relations (Cass Military Studies)by Rebecca L Schiff
Product DescriptionOne of the key questions in Civil-MilitaryRelations (CMR) theory is: under whatconditions will the military intervene in thedomestic politics of the nation? Most scholarsagree with the theory of objective civiliancontrol of the military, which focuses on theseparation of civil and military institutions,focusing on the US case. By contrast,concordance theory offers both an institutionaland cultural framework for explaining domesticmilitary intervention, emphasizing agreementamong three partners: the political elites, themilitary and the citizenry.
Rebecca Schiff examines four indicators ofconcordance:
• Social composition of the officer corps• Recruitment method• Political decision-making process• Military style.
If agreement occurs among the three partners with respect to the fourindicators, domestic military intervention is less likely to occur. Here thistheory is applied to six international historical cases studies: US, post-SecondWorld War period; American Post-Revolutionary Period (1790-1800); Israel(1980-90); Argentina (1945-55); India post-Independence and 1980s;Pakistan (1958-69). Concordance theory offers a better explanation forpredicting domestic military intervention than traditional theories and willbe a valuable addition to the CMR literature.
The Military and Domestic Politics will be of much interest to advancedstudents of civil-military relations, military sociology, political science andUS politics
Product Details• Hardcover: 182 pages• Publisher: Routledge; 1 edition (October 2, 2008)• Language: English• ISBN-10: 0415773407• ISBN-13: 978-0415773409• Product Dimensions: 9.2 x 6.2 x 0.6 inches
1000500350250
Journal of Information and Communication Technology
Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190UAN: 111-428-428, Fax: (92-21) 35092384
e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Executive Development Center (City Campus)
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.
Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
Main Campus
The candidates must haveMaster degree (or at leastminimum 6 years postmatriculation studies inrelevant field)
The Candidates must haveMPhile degree in the subject
Candidates must clear a teston international GRE pattern
Candidates who have passedHEC’s PhDentry test are alsoeligible
Approval of the proposal andits submission to BIZTEKBASR (Board of AdvancedStudies and Research)
Successful complet ioncompulsory course workprogram, spanned one year(three quarters).
Presentation of the proposalin seminar or workshop
Publication of two researcha r t i c l e s i n n a t i o n a l /international journal ofrelevant field.
Approval of the dissertationby two international referees.
Presentation and defence ofthe dissertation in a closedroom viva-voce examination.
Pre Admission to MPhil
Pre EnrolmentPre Qualification Research
Pre Admission to Ph.D
Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190UAN: 111-428-428, Fax: (92-21) 35092384
e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
Main Campus
Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Executive Development Center (City Campus)
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.
Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
This vast world has shrunk into a small village. The Global Village! All barriershave been broken down. Worldwide accessibility has become as simple as talkingto your neighbor. Doing business across the world is as simple as logging on yourcomputer. The Internet Technology is not just for games, chatting and occasionalresearch anymore, now it is an essential part of everyday life of every one. A businesscannot flourish without becoming a global enterprise and becoming active part ofthe Global Village. Information and Communication Technology is the vehicleproviding the access to the Global Village.
The technology is changing very rapidly because of the advanced featuresof ICT, Al, Telecommunication, e-commerce, IS, Robotics, Cyber Security, Data Mining,Network Storage Technologies, Software and Hardware Technologies. Now a daysthe technology becomes obsolete in 12 to 18 months, thus it is imperative for us tokeep ourselves updated on the latest developments in ICT or become obsolete andbe left out into oblivion. Today the user and the student of ICT must be willing tolearn constantly to keep abreast with the technology growth.
JICT is an international Journal of Information and Communication Technology,published by BIZTEK on bi-annual basis. We welcome the submission of articlesfrom researchers, academicians and practitioners in the area of ICT. For instructionto submission of manuscripts, please see the title flap. The papers should be ofmoderate length for the sake of greater diversity. Please note that submissionsshould be original contributions and will go through a rigorous evaluation process.
JICT does not charge any fee for submitting, reviewing and/or posting manuscriptsbefore of after acceptance of the article.
Journal of Information and Communication Technology
Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.biztek.edu.pk
Executive Development Center (City Campus)
Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road. Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.
Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988
Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.
Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242
Institute of Business & Technology - BIZTEKMain Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190, Pakistan
e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], UAN: 021-111-428-428, Fax: 021-35092384
Main Campus
The Journal of Management and Social Sciences (JMSS) is published bi-annually(Spring and Autumn) under the aegis of the Institute of Business and Technology(BIZTEK)-a non-profit academic institute, recognized by Higher Education Commission(Govt. of Pakistan) and legislated by Sindh Assembly through Act-II of 2004. It aimsto disseminate knowledge and brings forth the culture of research.
For the sake of said purpose, the JMSS is considerably subsidized not only for Pakistanisubscribers but also for the nationals of LDCs (least developed countries). LDCsinclude economies annually listed by the World Bank in World Development Indicators(WDI).
Institute of Business & Technology (Biztek)Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190, Pakistan
UAN : (92-21) 111-428-428 Fax No : (92-21) 35092384E-mail : [email protected] Url : www.biztek.edu.pk
