VŨ ĐÌNH HOÀNG - · PDF file12. Quãng đường vật đi được từ thời điểm t1 đến t2. Xác định: 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 Acos( ) Acos( )

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BI DNG KIN THC LUYN THI I HC VT L CHUYN 2 - DAO NG C 1
V NH HONG http://lophocthem.com
T: 01689.996.187 Email: [email protected]
H v tn:......................................................................................
Lp:.......................Trng...........................................................
BI DNG KIN THC, LUYN THI VO I HC.
Thi Nguyn, 2012

Mc lc CH 1 : I CNG V DAO NG IU HA
PHN I. KIN THC CHUNG: ........................................................................................ 4 CH 1: I CNG V DAO NG IU HO .................................................. 4 PHN II: PHN DNG BI TP THNG GP. .......................................................... 8 DNG 1: I CNG V DAO NG IU HA..................................................... 8 DNG 2: VIT PHNG TRNH DAO NG IU HA ....................................... 12 DNG 3: TM THI GIAN VT I T LI X1 TI X2 ......................................... 15 DNG 4: XC NH QUNG NG I C ( S, Smax, Smin) .......................... 17 DNG 5: BI TON THI GIAN TRONG D H ..................................................... 19 DNG 6: Vn tc trung bnh v tc trung bnh ( vmax, vmin) .................................. 21 DNG 7: XC NH S LN VT QUA LI X TRONG THI GIAN t .............. 22 PHN III. TRC NGHIM TNG HP: .................................................................. 22 P N S 1 ........................................................................................................... 26 P N S 2 ........................................................................................................... 31 P N S 3 ........................................................................................................... 35 P N S 4 ........................................................................................................... 40 CH 2: CON LC L XO PHN I: KIN THC CHUNG: ...................................................................................... 40 PHN II: CC DNG BI TP. .................................................................................... 43 DNG 1: BI TON I CNG V CON LC L XO ( TM CC I LNG THNG GP) T,v,x,W.Wt,.. .......................................................................... 43 DNG 2: BI TON LIN QUAN NG NNG, TH NNG CON LC L XO .. 45 DNG 3: VIT PHNG TRNH DAO NG CA CON LC L XO ................... 47 DNG 4: TM BIN DNG, CHIU DI (MAX, MIN) CON LC L XO ........ 50 DNG 5: BI TON TM LC TRONG CON LC L XO ...................................... 52 DNG 6: H L XO GHP NI TIP SONG SONG- XUNG I ......................... 54 DNG 7: S THAY I CHU K, TN S CON LC L XO KHI m THAY I .. 56 DNG 8: CON LC L XO CHU TC DNG CA NGOI LC........................... 58
BI TON 1: VA CHM: ...................................................................................... 58 BI TON2: H VT C MA ST GN VO NHAU CNG DAO NG...................... 60
PHN III. TRC NGHIM TNG HP: .................................................................. 63 P N 5 ................................................................................................................. 67 P N 6 ................................................................................................................. 72 P N 7 ................................................................................................................. 76
CH 3: CON LC N PHN I. KIN THC CHUNG: ...................................................................................... 76 PHN II. CC DNG BI TP: .................................................................................... 78 DNG 1: I CNG V CON LC N ................................................................ 78 DNG 2: TM LC CNG T CA DY TREO. ......................................................... 79 *DNG 3 : CON LC N C CHIU DI THAY I ( CT, GHP) ................... 80

DNG 4: VIT PHNG TRNH DAO NG CON LC N ............................... 81 DNG 5: CON LC N B VNG INH, KP CHT ......................................... 83 DNG 6: BI TON VA CHM TRONG CON LC N ........................................ 84 DNG 7 : S THAY I CHU K CON LC N KHI THAY I CAO h, SU d ............................................................................................................................. 86 DNG 8 : S THAY I CHU K CON LC N KHI TNG GIM NHIT 87
BI TON: Xc nh thi gian nhanh chm ca ng h trong mt ngy m. ........................... 88 DNG 9: CON LC N CHU TC DNG NGOI LC ........................................ 92 DNG 10 : CON LC N DAO NG TRNG PHNG ........................................ 98 *DNG 11: CON LC VT L D H ...................................................................... 99 DNG 12: CON LC N ANG DAO NG T DY ...................................... 100 PHN III. TRC NGHIM TNG HP: ................................................................. 102 P N 8 ................................................................................................................ 106 P N 9 ................................................................................................................ 111 P N 10 .............................................................................................................. 115
CH 4: CC LOI DAO NG. CNG HNG C
PHN I.KIN THC TRNG TM: ............................................................................. 115 PHN II: BI TP VN DNG. ................................................................................... 116 PHN III: TRC NGHIM TNG HP: ............................................................................. 120 P N 11 .............................................................................................................. 124
CH 5: LCH PHA. TNG HP DAO NG PHN I. PHNG PHP: .................................................................................................. 124 PHN II. CC V D MINH HA................................................................................. 125 PHN III. TRC NGHIM TNG HP: ............................................................... 131
P N 12 ........................................................................................................ 135
CH 6: DAO NG C HC THI AI HC + CAO NG CC NM 2007-2012
P N: DAO NG C - H C 2007-2012 ............................................................ 147

PHN I. KIN THC CHUNG: * Dao ng c, dao ng tun hon + Dao ng c l chuyn ng qua li ca vt quanh 1 v tr cn bng. + Dao ng tun hon l dao ng m sau nhng khong thi gian bng nhau vt tr li v tr v chiu chuyn ng nh c (tr li trng thi ban u). * Dao ng iu ha + Dao ng iu ha l dao ng trong li ca vt l mt hm csin (hoc sin) ca thi gian. + Phng trnh dao ng: x = Acos(t + ) Trong : x (m;cm hoc rad): Li (to ) ca vt; cho bit lch v chiu lch ca vt so vi VTCB. A>0 (m;cm hoc rad): L bin (li cc i ca vt); cho bit lch cc i ca vt so vi VTCB. (t + ) (rad): L pha ca dao ng ti thi im t; cho bit trng thi dao ng (v tr v chiu chuyn ng) ca vt thi im t. (rad): L pha ban u ca dao ng; cho bit trng thi ban u ca vt. (rad/s): L tn s gc ca dao ng iu ho; cho bit tc bin thin gc pha + im P dao ng iu ha trn mt on thng lun lun c th dc coi l hnh chiu ca mt im M chuyn ng trn u trn ng knh l on thng . * Chu k, tn s ca dao ng iu ho + Chu k T(s): L khong thi gian thc hin mt dao ng ton phn. Chnh l khong thi gian ngn nht vt tr li v tr v chiu chuyn ng nh c (tr li trng thi ban u). + Tn s f(Hz):L s dao ng ton phn thc hin c trong mt giy.
+ Lin h gia , T v f: = T
2 = 2f.
* Vn tc v gia tc ca vt dao ng iu ho + Vn tc l o hm bc nht ca li theo thi gian: v = x' = - Asin(t + ) = Acos(t
+ + 2
)
Vn tc ca vt dao ng iu ha bin thin iu ha cng tn s nhng sm pha hn 2
so vi vi li . - v tr bin (x = A): ln |v|min = 0 - v tr cn bng (x = 0): ln |v|min =A. Gi tr i s: vmax = A khi v>0 (vt chuyn ng theo chiu dng qua v tr cn bng) vmin = -A khi v

Gia tc ca vt dao ng iu ha bin thin iu ha cng tn s nhng ngc pha vi li
(sm pha 2
so vi vn tc).
Vc t gia tc ca vt dao ng iu ha lun hng v v tr cn bng v t l vi ln ca li . - v tr bin (x = A), gia tc c ln cc i : |a|max =
2A. Gi tr i s: amax=
2A khi x=-A; amin=-2A khi x=A;.
- v tr cn bng (x = 0), gia tc bng 0. + th ca dao ng iu ha l mt ng hnh sin. + Qu o dao ng iu ho l mt on thng. * Dao ng t do (dao ng ring) + L dao ng ca h xy ra di tc dng ch ca ni lc + L dao ng c tn s (tn s gc, chu k) ch ph thuc cc c tnh ca h khng ph thuc cc yu t bn ngoi. Khi : gi l tn s gc ring; f gi l tn s ring; T gi l chu k ring TM TT CNG THC 1. Phng trnh dao ng: x = Acos( t + ) 2. Vn tc tc thi: v = - Asin( t + ) v
r lun cng chiu vi chiu chuyn ng (vt chuyn ng theo chiu dng th v>0, theo

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VŨ ĐÌNH HOÀNG - · PDF file12. Quãng đường vật đi được từ thời điểm t1 đến t2. Xác định: 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 Acos( ) Acos( )