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Warm-Up Cell Cycle

Lesson Question

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WK2 Words to Know

Fill in this table as you work through the lesson. You may also use the glossary to help you.

cell cycle the process of , maintenance, and division of a cell

chromosome a structure in the nucleus of an cell that is made up of condensed DNA

cytokinesis the division of the

interphase

the longest stage of the cell cycle that includes growth of the cell

and replication of

mitosis the process in which the divides, producing two identical nuclei

replication the process by which DNA is

Lesson Goals

Explore the cell cycle.

Distinguish the steps of .the cell cycle.

Identify the stages of

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Warm-Up Cell Cycle

Eukaryotic Cell Anatomy

• Plant and animal cells are eukaryotic cells.

• The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells contains .

• The nucleus contains DNA, the material of living things.

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Cell CycleInstruction

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Cell Cycle

• The cell cycle is the process of growth, maintenance, and of a cell.

• During the cell cycle, one cell grows and divides into cells.

First Stage of the Cell Cycle: Interphase

DEFINITION

Interphase is the first and stage of the cell cycle.

First Stage of the Cell Cycle: Interphase

EXPLANATION

• During interphase:

• a cell grows to its size.

• the cell’s DNA is copied in a

process called .

Second Stage of the Cell Cycle: Mitosis

Mitosis is the process in which the nucleus divides, producing two nuclei.

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Cell CycleInstruction

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Mitosis

Circle the four distinct steps of mitosis.

Prophase

• Prophase is the step of mitosis.

• DNA twists, thickens, and condenses to form structures called

.

• The around the nucleus disappears.

• Spindle fibers form.

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Metaphase

• Metaphase is the step of mitosis.

• Spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes.

• The chromosomes line up along the

of the cell.

Anaphase

• Anaphase is the step of mitosis.

• Each chromosome is pulled

by the

fibers.

Telophase

• Telophase is the fourth step of mitosis.

• Chromosomes start to .

• Membranes form around the unwinding chromosomes.

• Spindle fibers down.

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Cell CycleInstruction

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Third Stage of the Cell Cycle: Cytokinesis

DEFINITION

Cytokinesis is the division of the .

Third Stage of the Cell Cycle: Cytokinesis

EXPLANATION

• In cells, the cell membrane

pinches together, dividing the cytoplasm.

• All of the are split between

the two cells equally.

• After cytokinesis is complete, both cells start the cell cycle again.

Third Stage of the Cell Cycle: Cytokinesis

EXPLANATION

• In cells, a structure called a cell plate

forms across the middle of the cell.

• The cell plate with the cell

to divide the cell into two cells.

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Summary Cell Cycle

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Answer

Review: Key Concepts

Write the name of each stage.

The cycle has three stages. It has interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.

Lesson Question What is the cell cycle?

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Summary Cell Cycle

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Review: Key Concepts

In , the DNA condenses to form chromosomes. During

, the spindle fibers attach to those chromosomes. In

, these spindle fibers shorten and pull the chromosomes toward

either end of the . Finally, during , the membrane

around the nucleus begins to reform and those chromosomes begin to unwind.

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Summary Cell Cycle

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