Warm Up:Draw this line and Fill in the following years:2010 CE, 1992 CE, 800 BCE, 1929 CE, 100 CE, 30 BCE, 9000 BCE, 333 BCE

Year 0

B.C.E. C.E.

9000 800 333 30 100 1929 1992 2010

Prehistoric Georgia Indians

The beginnings of our history

Paleo

Archaic

Woodland

Mississippian

Vocabulary

• Pre-historic – before written history.• Archaeology – the scientific study of material

remains of past human life & activities.• Anthropology - the study of human beings &

their ancestors through time in relation to culture, environmental & social relations.

Archaeology 101

• When archaeologists study past cultures, they estimate when these people might have lived in Georgia. For example, the term, “Paleo” means “very old” and refers to any person who was alive in Georgia during that time period. So, Paleo is more of a time period than a name of a tribe.

Archaeology 101

Archaeologists want to know how cultures solved our basic needs:F ___ ___ ___

W ___ ___ ___ ___

S ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

By examining the artifacts left behind, the archaeologist can make educated guesses about how people lived.

Archaeology 101

• Food is goal #1.• Archaeologists & anthropologists categorize

people by how they get their food.• Three main categories:

1. Food Gatherers: hunt, fish, collect nuts & berries, whatever they can find.

2. Hunting Farmers: growing food to eat it and supplementing what they hunt.

3. Master Farmers: growing diverse crops that can feed large groups of people consistently.

Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian

P.A.W.M.

• Food Collection:– Food

Gatherers

• Shelter:– Temporary

housing

• Culture:

– About 20 people in the tribe/clan

Paleo Indians“Very Old”

10,000 BCE – 8,000 BCE

Paleo Indians“Very Old”

10,000 BCE – 8,000 BCE

• Tools & Weapons:– Atlatl: 2 ft. long wood

shaft with a spear on the end

• Food:– Mammoth

– Bison

– Nuts and wild berries

• Culture:– 1st Indians

in North America

– Beringia:• A narrow

strip of land that use to connect Alaska & Russia

Paleo Indians“Very Old”

10,000 BCE – 8,000 BCE

Archaic Indians“Old”

8,000 BCE – 1,000 BCE

• Migratory Patterns:– Settle in one place

• Housing:– More permanent

(teepees)

• Social Structure:– Larger groups/

communities

• Tools and Weapons:– Grooved Axe

• Food:– Berries, nuts, and

fruit &

Archaic Indians“Old”

8,000 BCE – 1,000 BCE

Whitetail Deer

Opossum

Turkey

Rabbit

Bear

Fox

Shellfish

• Cultural Aspects:– 1st signs of

clay pottery

– Decorative stone and bone pieces

Archaic Indians“Old”

8,000 BCE – 1,000 BCE

Woodland Indians1000 BCE – 1000 CE

• Migratory Patterns:– Settled in villages

• Housing:– More sturdy

structures

• Social Structure:– Tribes are formed

• Tools and Weapons:– Bow and Arrow

is invented• Food:

– Small game:• Small animals

such as rabbit & squirrel

– Nuts– Fish

Woodland Indians1000 BCE – 1000 CE

• Cultural Aspects:– Burial

mounds in the shape of animals

– Markings on pottery

Woodland Indians1000 BCE – 1000 CE

Mississippian Indians1000 - 1540

• Migratory Patterns:– Large tribes near

rivers• Housing:

– Groups of houses of wood and clay surrounded by Palisade (tall wooden wall) & moat (wide ditch w/ water)

• Social Structure:– Chiefdom: villages

ruled by a priest-chief

• Tools and Weapons:– Stone weapons &

farming tools

Mississippian Indians1000 - 1540

Maize (corn)

Tobacco

Squash

Food:Agriculturally advanced

• Cultural Aspects:– Flat-topped

burial mounds

– Ear ornaments

– Tattoos

– Feather and copper headdresses

Mississippian Indians1000 - 1540

Mississippian Indians