Warm Up• Which cell organelle do muscles require a

considerable amount?• What are the four types of bone?• What are the parts of the skeleton?• List the types of joints.

McDougall/Littel

Muscular System

Muscles Perform Important Functions

• Every movement of your body– The beating of your heart– Movement of food down your throat– Blinking of your eyes

• Some movements are under your control, and other movements seem to happen automatically– Keeping body temperature stable – Maintaining posture

Movement

• The muscles that produce movement are made up of individual cells called muscle fibers.

• These fibers contract and relax.• Most of the muscles involved in

moving the body work in pairs. • As they contract, muscles

shorten, pulling against bones.

Your Body Has Different Types of Muscle

• Skeletal Muscle (voluntary)-muscles that are attached to your skeleton– Slow-twitch muscles (distance)– Fast-twitch (sprinters)

• Smooth Muscle (involuntary) found inside some organs, such as the intestines and the stomach.

• Cardiac Muscle (heart/involuntary)

Skeletal Muscles and Tendons Allow Bones to Move

• Skeletal muscles are attached to your bones by strong tissues called tendons.

• The tendons on the end of the muscle attach firmly to the bone.

• As the fibers in a muscle contract, they shorten and pull the tendon.

• The tendon, in turn, pulls the bone and makes it move.

Muscles Grow and Heal

• During exercise, chemicals can build up in the muscles and make them cramp or ache.

• The muscle soreness is caused by damage to the muscle fibers.

• Such injuries take time to heal, because the body must remove injured cells, and new ones must form.

Describe the Following:

• Functions

• Structure

• Movement

• Development

Movement Body Temperature

Posture

Type of Muscle

Where is it found?

How do they work?

Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth

Muscle Location Action When Contracted

Biceps

Triceps