Water line - cleaning and disinfection

Water line - cleaning and disinfection

16-12-2011 Seite 2Water training Citaverde

– Basic hygienic problems

– Biofilm

– Possibilities to improve the water line hygiene

– Cleaning

– Disinfection

– Microbial testing of water lines

Part of the water conceptDrinking water

is often a source of

contaminationto animals.

Water qualityit is often

underestimated.

Water intake is paid more in

attention in practise


Basic hygienic problems

– Animal drinking water from different sources (own well, municipal, surface water)

– Different water systems (technology of water supplying, open and closed systems)

– Water has normally anorganic minerals

– Water not free from micro organisms

– Low water intake after placement

– Low pressure without any turbulences

Water clean

at the pointenteringthe house

can bevery high

contaminated by

exposure to

bacteriain the houseenvironment


Basic hygienic problems

– Microorganisms are able to grow in water (pH, temperature)

– In broiler production high temperature in environment

– nutritive additives, vaccines, drugs given to animals via water

– Water and water system is not always clean (residuals of additives, manure, feed)

– Microorganisms can move very fast, can climb up to the whole system

– Microorganisms can build up a biofilm in the water system

Risk:

newly delivered chicken will be

contaminatedwith microbes

via water

Harmfull or not

Constant or frequently


Biofilm – a hygienic problem

– Settled microorganisms in water supply system

– Growing microorganisms between the interior surface and the drinking water

– Reservoir of resident pathogenic bacteria

– Increasing risk of antibiotic resistance

– Differentiation between residuals of substances and biofilm is needed

– additives acts also as feeding ground of microbes direct or indirect (sediment building)

Settled microorganisms

don´t always

mean Biofilm but

the risk is high to build up


Biofilm – a hygienic problem

Settled and growing

microorganisms with

production of EPS Mean: Biofilm

development

planctonic

attached

Irreversible, growing

mircocolonised

detachedExpolymer,formated

EPS = extracellular, slimy, polymeric substances to protect the microorganisms


biofilm

– Structure influenced by

shear forces,

availibility of nutrients, oxygen and light

initial EPS forming mircobes

– Microbes build up an own ecosystem, constantly changing

– Quality of this organizations of microbes very different in time and place

– Localized on different parts of drinking water systems

– hygienic water enters the house but the birds get contaminated water

Green: bacteria, Blue: fungi


Biofilm indicators

– visable by inspection or detectable by mircobiological screen

– Common dysbiosis, digestive disorder– Additives do not show the desired effect– high dosages of drugs are necessary

– Enclosed microbes 1000 times more resistant than in suspension

– technical damage on water supplying system (clotting and reduced water flow)

– Ineffective disinfection of water supply system– Biofilm is 10-1000 times more resistant to cleaning and

disinfection– Hydrogen peroxide can not penetrate 100µm single-

species biofilm Ps. aeruginosa


Strategy against biofilm

– Minimize quantity of microorganisms in water

– Minimize attachment of microorganisms in water

– Use of additives only if necessary

– Constant flow rates in water systems

– Hygiene

– Regular cleaning and disinfection

– Regular monitoring and exchange of drinker line parts


Influence of Cuxacid L on biofilm


Influence of Cuxacid L on biofilm


Possibilities for improved water hygiene

– Different methods to prevent and minimize contamination and development of microorganism, to prevent the flock from harmfull microorganisms

– Bundling of methods reduces the risk and improves the hygienic level (cleaning and disinfection only a part)

– Thoroughly and regulary to do, to monitor, to adapt

– Consider water and water supply system are for hygienic transfer of high quality water

– Ensure clear hygienic water at the point of consumption

Hygiene is based on

Barrier systems

Target of waterhygiene

is therisk minimization

on Health and Performance

of animalsVia water


Possibilities for improved water hygiene

Disin-fections

Material of water system

maintainance

cleaning

Water treatment

flushing

supplytechnique

Water additives

Water source

filtering

Water flow

Water temperture

Animal drinking

Water system

Measures depending onFarm situation

Solution tailor made

based on analyses


Microbial quality of water

based on the EU Guidline Nr. 183/2005 feed hygiene regulation

responsibility for feed hygiene is in the hand of the farmer

BMELV (Federal Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Consumer) orientation guidline to hygienic quality of drinking water to estimate water according to feed regulations (25.05.2007)

„ drinking water must be suitable for concerning animals“

„water suppling systems must be constructed and installed in such a way, that the contamination of water is limited…. must be cleaned and maintain regulary if possible“


Tenazity of microbes in drinking water


development of bacteria amount in the drinking wate r over the cycle ( Febr.09 Farm HB)

0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

1.200.000

1.400.000

1.600.000

-1 4 9 14 19 24 29 34

KbE

/ml

GKZ 20°C kbE/ml GKZ 36°C kbE/ml


Cleaning of water supply system

– all parts of the water system (pipelines, cups, nipples, tanks, dosing systems, filters,)

– regular

– ensure continous function of drinking water system

– ensure the effectiveness work of additives

– combat residuals and building of biofilm

– Is necessary between the flocks/ cycles and within the production phase

– once system is clean, keep it clean

Cleaning and disinfection are different

methods


cleaning

– Target : remove dirt, contamination , residuals

– By using water with or without detergents

– Mechanical removal of microorganisms (not killing/inactivating)

– Withdrawal of nutrient and adhesion opportunities for microorganisms

– Good Effect is not standardised in definition

– completed when the rinsing water is clear and free from suspended material, and / or the structure and colour of the surfaces of the water pipes are clearly identifiable

Cleaning is not disinfection

and Disinfection

is not cleaning

necessary precondition

for the optimal efficacy

of disinfection


mechanics chemistry

temperature time

Factors of influence the cleaningHigh presure,

brushing,flushing

10,°C, 20°C,40°C

alkaline, acid, neutral detergents

Over night, 2 h


External Cleaning

– Often carried out by farmer or service company

– regularly in each service period!

– planed

– Combined with house cleaning in service period

– High pressure technology

– Foaming detergents (visual monitoring, contact time increased

– Alkaline for removal organic material (2-5%)

– Acids for removal anorganic material (2-5%)


Internal cleaning

– Often carried out by farm staff

– During service period

– Foam should be retarded

– Alkaline for removal organic material (2-5%)

– Acids for removal anorganic material (2-5%)

– First task when house cleaning starts

– dissolve and removing the biofilme and scale

– flushing off the loose dirt

– Fill the system, acting time 2 – 18 h, dissolve dirt , fully flushing out dirt and detergents


Internal cleaning

– Chemical measures

– Knowledge about exact total volume of the water system for proper dilution is necessary (calculation)

– Physical procedures

– Flushing under high pressure

– Air under high pressure

– Air in water and high pressure

– Frequented Water impuls with usual pressure

– Chicken drink the pipeline empty after closing the tape for short time

Within production time

detergents uncommon,

only physical methods


flushing

cleaning without detergents by increasing the pressure/ water flow in the waterline

Most important during the life time of the chicken

to bring the residuals from drugs, vaccines or additives out of the pipeline

effective method to combat biofilm and scale (?)

Water supply system must be functional prepared for this

Time and water consuming

Time: 1 min / 30 m water system lenght

Once a day, at least

once a week after placement

Best time after darkness

Provide birds with fresh

and cool water(10- 14°C)


flushing

Immediately after any intervention of medication

before and after the use of feed additives, drugs, and vaccines.

dirt particles/residuals are less able to build up on the inner surfaces of the water system, and are thus easier to flush out

.

Once a day, at least

once a week after placement

Best time after darkness

Provide birds with fresh

and cool water(10- 14°C)


Compressed air impuls flushing device

Working air pressure 3-6 bar with 200 l/min air outflow

Weight: 20 kg

Joints diameter: ¾”

Water inlet and outlet with GEKA adapters

Independent settings of air and water regulations

Water turn on/off with ball tap

Built-in water filter

Reverse valves to prevent back flow of the water and air

Electronic regulation of the strength and length of the air impulse



Compressed air impuls flushing device


– Usually this is by the dosatron,

– only one drinking line at the same time.

– air pressure must be about 0,5-1,0 unit higher than the water pressure.

– optimum efficiency is reached for the device when the minimum 1,8-2.0 bar water pressure and 3-3,5 bar air pressure is present during the use.

– duration of successful cleaning is about 20 minutes after proper setting.

– cleaning process must be held untill the outcoming water is clean

Compressed air impuls flushing device –first trials


First conclusion of trials

– Reliable cleaning from the water meter up to the last pint of the drinking system

– Effective removing the biofilm and othe sludges from inner surfaces of the drinking lines (eg.: limescale, rust etc.)

– Pess media for the microorganisms inside the pipe

– Positive effect on the proper working of the line

– Leads to better quality of the drinking water

– Most of the sludges can be removed without using chemicals

– The process is so delicate for the system because of its relatively low working pressure (less than 4bars)

– It can be also used with warm water


First trial

– Farm Heissenbüttel

– 3 Service periods

– Visual monitoring of out coming water

– Microbiological analyses of

– Water

– Surface

– During trial and within standard success controlling after C&D


Results first trial


Results trial 1-3

mikrobiologische Qualität des Tränkwassers (lg KbE/ ml)

-1,0000,0001,0002,000

3,0004,0005,0006,000

GKZ 22°C GKZ 36°C colif. K. E.coli Enterokokken

Tränkelinie 1-4 vor V Tränkelinie 1-4 nach R Tränkelinie 5-8 vor V Tränkelinie 5-8 nach R

Linie 1-4 normal flushing Linie 5-8 new cleaning process


Results trial 1-3

Mikrobiologische Qualität des Tränkwassers ( lgKbE/ ml)

0,0001,000

2,0003,000

4,0005,000

6,000

vor V1 nach R. V1

nach Des.V1

vor V2 nach R.V2

nach Des.V2

vor V3 nach R.V3

nach Des.V3

GKZ 22°C GKZ 36°C Linear (GKZ 36°C) Linear (GKZ 22°C)


Results trial 1-3

mittlere Gesamtkeimzahl (lg KbE/cm²) im Inneren der Tränkelinien 5-8

4,6603,796

1,943

5,625

1,8621,473

4,386

1,641

0,000

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

vor BeginnV1

nach R. V1 nach Des.V1

vor BeginnV2

nach R. V2 nach Des.V2

vor BeginnV3

nach DesV3


Broiler farm Palotabozsok

After C&DDaily flushing up to 4 weeks


Broiler farm Lipcsei

Cleaned after desinfection

with CID 2000


Organic acids

– Used as feed additives without negative influence on birds during the production

– used in the production phase without causing damage to the chicken and the environment

– helps keeping calcium (Ca) in solution (hardness)

– In high concentrations can potentially damage drinker components (metering pins, triggers, stainless steel balls, steel and plastic are stable to the pH of 4)

– Opinion: Waterlines will remain clean during the entire production cycle


Organic acids

– Combination of different acids, salts and some other additives is necessary

– bactericidal effect of single acids is different

– lactic acid effectiv against E.coli, but not against Salmonella, yeasts, moulds

– Formic acid good against bacteria

– Propionic acid good against fungy

– Needs long contact time (high water consumption time to short)

– pH 4, acidification

– if nutrient/biofilm is present -> slime, mycotoxins, -> system blocking, health problems, influence the taste


Liquid combination of organic acids for drinking water or feed, buffered by ammoniac

Active components:

Pure acid content = 74.5%

Further characteristicsAlmost colourless liquidSlightly pungent smellpH 3.05 in 10% water solution

Packaging1,000 kg IBC, 210 kg barrel10 kg and 25 kg can12 x 1 kg bottles per carton

Cuxacid Liquid L – The Product

formiclacticpropionicaceticcitricammoniacarrier


Cuxacid Liquid L – Specific Mode of Action

Complex mode of action resulting from the combined effects of the 5 single acids:

Formic acid = effective against yeast, bacteria

Lactic acid = promotes the intestinal microflora and increases feed intake (acceptance) due to its sour-milk taste

Propionic acid = effective against fungi, yeast

Acetic acid = effective against bacteria

Citric acid = effective against bacteria

Direct acid effects in the crop and in proximal small intestine


Unique combination of single acids, offering a complex mode of action

High content of active acids

Buffered formulation for easy transport and handling

Effective in biofilm control

Proven in scientific studies

Cuxacid Liquid L – Facts


In-vitro Effect of Cuxacid Liquid L on the Microbial Count in Drinking WaterField trial, Ukraine (2007)

Temperature pH change Microbial count [CFU/ml] untreated 0.2% Cuxacid

Liquid L untreated 0.2% Cuxacid

Liquid L

22°C 7.79 3.60 13,000 < 1

37°C 7.79 3.60 14,000 < 100

Design: samples of drinking water, taken from the water pipe at the farm and analysed at 2 different temperatures

Conclusion:Use of Cuxacid Liquid L significantly reduced the pH and the microbial count down to the detection limit


Cuxacid L – minimal inhibition concentration

Conc. of Cuxacid L %

S. aureus

6,8 x108

cfu/ml

DSM 779

E.faecium

8,9 x108

cfu/ml

DSM 2918

P.hauseri

1,6 x108

cfu/ml

DSM 30118

Ps. aeruginosa

2,3 x109 cfu/ml

DSM 939

0,03 + + + +0,0625 + + + +0,125 - + - -0,250 - - - -+ = growth; - = inhibition


Cuxacid L

influence of cuxacid L (0,1%)on total amount of bac teria (20°C) in drinking water

0,00

1,00

2,00

3,00

4,00

5,00

6,00

7,00

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

production week

lg c

fu/m

l

GKZ 20°C mit Cuxacid L GKZ 20°C ohne Cuxacid L


Success control of cleaning and disinfection

– Visual color, turbidity

– Sensoric taste, smell

– monitored by collecting rinsing water,

– using fine-mesh sieves or bottles

– through visual inspection of cups, filters, pressure regulators or lines

– Mircobiological analyses

– regularly

– swabs internal and / or external surface

– water itselve


Water quality at the end of the lines (at the end of the service period)

Swabs cfu/cm²

Water cfu/ml

Farm B (aug 09) Linie 1 <50 <10

Line 2 <50 <10

Line 3 4000 <10

Line 4 2000 <10

Farm HB (juli 09) Line 1 1250 <10

Linie 2 180000 5400

Linie 7 750000 <10

Linie 8 175000 <10


Success control of cleaning and disinfection

Farm B June 09 August 09

22°C 36°C 22°C 36°C

Loop of pipeline house 1 20.000.000 20.000.000 n.a. n.a.

Loop of pipeline house 2 1.000.000 200.000 n.a. n.a.

End of drinker line house 1 1.000 1.000 <10 <10

Water from nippel house 1 2.000.000 2.000.000 240.000 190.000

End of drinker line, house 2 2.000.000 1.200.000 <10 <10

Water from nippel house 2 1.000 1.000 <10 <10

Thank you for attention

Documents

Water line - cleaning and disinfection