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The gift of water Christmas appeal 2010
WaterAid lesson plan
WaterAid transforms lives by improving access to safe water, hygiene and sanitation in the world’s poorest communities. Registered charity numbers 288701 (England and Wales) and SC039479 (Scotland)
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Christmas appeal 2010 Lesson plan and accompanying materials
Contents
Introduction 2 Curriculum links, aims, keywords and resources 2 Notes for teachers 2 Lesson plans 3 Resources 5
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Introduction This lesson plan asks pupils to think of the needs of those who are not fortunate enough to have access to clean water and the problems this brings. Pupils are encouraged to think about the effects of giving the gift of water. They are given the opportunity to examine images and read real stories from people in Zambia. “Poverty is the bottom line, and without water you can’t get out of poverty. The lack of water is the biggest killer of this community, if we don’t get water we can’t improve, things cannot get better.” Claudia Caracciolo, Chikuni Mission Hospital, Monze, Zambia. Curriculum links This lesson plan fits particularly well with Citizenship themes, Geography and PSHE. Aims
• To understand that there is not equal access to water. • To consider the effect of not having easy access to clean water. • To think about what makes a gift valuable. • To find out about WaterAid and think of ways in which to fundraise in order to support
WaterAid’s work. Keywords Litre Water source Diarrhoea Notes for teachers The lessons act as a stimulus for debate and discussion around many development issues and can be used as they are or adapted to explore the subject in more depth. The lesson plans below can be used as the basis for a number of lessons, and allow the teacher to choose whether to cover all aspects of the plans or just a few. Some of the activities might be particularly suitable for homework or extension work. Resources can be found at the end of the lesson plans. There are suggested questions for students which can be used for written work or class discussion. They are a guide for using the resources and stimulus material and can be adapted to suit specific learning groups. Credits and acknowledgements All photos: WaterAid/Anna Kari
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Lesson plans Key question
Activity Resources
What makes a good gift? What has been the best gift you have ever received?
• Ask the pupils what they think makes a really good gift.
For example, is it that the gift is expensive? Or perhaps it’s about who it came from or whether it’s useful? List the pupils’ ideas.
• Ask the pupils to think about what their favourite gift that they have ever received is and why it is so special? How did it affect their lives, if at all?
How do you decide what to give?
• Tell the pupils to imagine that they need to choose a gift
for a friend or a member of their family. How would they decide what to get for them? Would they get them something they really need such as warm clothes for the winter or something fun such as new toys and games? Why have they made this choice?
What gift could you give?
• Give the pupils a copy of Resource one. What do they
think is happening in the images? What problems do they think the people in the images face in their community? Where do they think the photos were taken? Tell the class that the images are all from various villages in Zambia where clean, safe water is not easily available.
Optional: pupils conduct an investigation about Zambia. They should locate Zambia on a map and find five to ten facts about the country and create brochures or displays.
• With the class, read the two case studies (Resource
two) which explain more about how water is collected and the problems it brings. You may wish to discuss the following points with the pupils:
- How does water affect the everyday lives of the people in the images and the case study?
- Where is the water collected from? - Why does the water make people ill? - What do some people do, to make the water
safer? Tell the class that women and children often have to walk for several hours to collect water very early in the morning and that typically the average person in the developing world has just 40 litres of water available to them per day, whereas in the
Resource one: Images from Zambia. Resource two: Case study: Namalyo and Kamunga villages, Zambia. Case study: Jessica Mwiinga.
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developed world, we use up to 200 litres per day. You could discuss possible reasons for this difference. Please note: you may wish to use a one or two litre container to demonstrate the quantity.
• Ask the pupils to write a rough outline of a typical day in
their lives. They should highlight where water was needed or used. Now they should imagine that in order to access the water that they need they have to walk to fetch it or take it from the 40 litres they have. How might this change their daily life? They could try and prioritise what they use the water for.
• Ask the pupils how they think the gift of clean water might change the lives of the people they have found out about through the images and case study. Read Pascal’s story and Elizabeth’s story (Resource three). What do they say has changed for them since clean water came to their villages?
• Explain to the pupils that WaterAid raise funds and use the money to help bring clean water to poor communities. This is a really special gift for these communities as it can completely change their lives, as Pascal and Elizabeth have shown.
• Split the class into small groups. Ask them to think of a simple way to raise money in school for WaterAid to carry out its vital work. They may wish to look at WaterAid’s online fundraising ideas:
http://www.wateraid.org/splash_out/fundraising/5022.asp
• Each group should then present their idea or ideas to the rest of the class and a vote could be taken on which one(s) should be carried out.
Extension work: Pupils could conduct some further research into WaterAid’s work and plan a display or assembly to spread the message.
Resource three: Pascal’s story, Elizabeth’s story.
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Resource one: Images from Zambia
Photo A Photo B
Photo C Photo D
Photo E Photo F
Photo G Photo H
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Resource one: Image notes Photo A: A grandmother on her way to collect water for her newborn grandchild. Photo B: Grandmother Teresa Hayumbu decants the unsafe water she has collected, Singonya, Ufwenuka, Zambia. Photo C: The unsafe water that Teresa Hayumbu collected, you can see a frog in the container, Singonya, Ufwenuka, Zambia. Photo D: People collecting water from an unsafe water source. Photo E: A family bringing back water from an unsafe water source. Photo F: A woman washing up in her courtyard. Photo G: A child collecting water from a well. Photo H: A sample of the water collected from a well.
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Resource two: Namalyo and Kamunga villages, Zambia
People dig their own wells here, but in the dry season between August to December there isn’t as much water so there are very long queues of women waiting at the various wells from very early in the morning around 2 – 3am. People also take drinking water from the river. The women send the men out into the river with water containers and they fill them from the deeper water out in the middle of the river. Esnant Katuta talks about the river water. “I get water from the river…If we had clean water the diseases we are getting here would reduce – like diarrohea, this would reduce – the water we are drinking here is not clean.” When they are not collecting water from the river, the people use wells. These wells are in fact holes dug in the ground. The water from the wells is brown and they often have rubbish floating in them. Loveness Muma lives in the area. Here she is talking about the water in the wells. “The water is dirty, and the sides of the well are actually falling in. All the water flows into the wells, it makes us sick, we get sick, and all the children have diarrhoea.”
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Resource two: Jessica Mwiinga, Habeenzu Village, Zambia
Jessica Mwiinga is a grandmother. She usually collects water from a well that was dug by a member of her family. To make the water safer, she has to boil it to help get rid of the germs. Here she describes the water that she uses in her village and what she does when the well dries up. “When the well dries up we have to go to another village called Katimba. The well dries up from August until November when the rains start. There is much water at Katimba, but it is very far, it takes about two hours to travel there. We go very early in the mornings at 4am, and then again in the evenings. This is because it is cooler; it’s very hot in the dry season. “I have nine children, the tenth died. Before he died we didn’t boil the drinking water. Now we boil our water. He was complaining of stomach pains. “The water troubles me – there are a lot of dirty particles and ants in there – but we have no choice. The children have a lot of problems, and are sick often, when there is no one here to boil water for them they drink unboiled water. Every time they drink this unboiled water they feel sick. They suffer from diarrohea and malaria. I think the illnesses come from the bad water.”
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Resource three: Pascal’s story, Hambale, Zambia
Pascal lives in Hambale in Zambia. He has a disability and has found that since WaterAid brought clean water and toilets to the village, his life has improved. “I thank the people very, very much and I hope they will keep helping others. It is good that the water and the toilets have come for those of us who are disabled. It’s much easier for us to help in the family. Please continue thinking of us.”
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Resource three: Elizabeth’s story
Meet Elizabeth Jones. She lives in Hambale in Zambia. Here she is talking about how having clean water in her village has changed her life. “Our lives have really changed. We are able to bath, to wash, to collect water any time we like. We used to bathe only twice a week because the water was very scarce. This made us feel very uncomfortable, but we hadn’t enough water to wash! I am so happy now, I can take a bath every day, sometimes even twice a day when it’s very hot. “There was so much excitement when the pump was installed! There was so much jubilation! There was
drumming, jumping, some people were even rolling on the ground. Even people from far away came to see what was happening! Even the old ones danced. There was jubilation from all the villages and the neighbouring villages. I have no words to express the happiness and joy that we felt on that day. “The water has brought a lot of change. Now we have water to build toilets, clean toilets and plaster our houses. Us women do the plastering, before we weren’t able to do this at all, the houses were just rough bricks and dirt. Now we can plaster our walls and floor. They look nicer, but also they are much cleaner. The water system has made our houses cleaner and much tidier. Now we don’t get sick as much. Still a little, but much reduced. Everything is much easier with the water now.”
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