Below are the screenshots showing the step-by-step procedures on how I analysed the data (Weekly Self-Reflection from Week 8-11) by using NVivo9 together with the report of

references on two emerging themes and two a pre-determined themes.

STEP 1

STEP 2

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STEP 3

STEP 4

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STEP 5

STEP 6

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STEP 7

STEP 8

STEP 94

STEP 10

STEP 11

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STEP 12

STEP 13

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STEP 14

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STEP 15

STEP 16

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STEP 17

STEP 18

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STEP 19

STEP 20

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STEP 21

STEP 22: Emerging themes

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STEP 23: Summary

STEP 24: Tag Cloud

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STEP 25: Tree Map

STEP 26: Cluster Analysis

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STEP 27

STEP 28

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STEP 29

STEP 30

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STEP 31

STEP 32

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STEP 33

STEP 34

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STEP 35

STEP 36

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STEP 37: Report

Emerging themes

1. Research2. Theory

Below are some references where the self-reflections mostly discussed about research:

“…for research topic that has been chosen…” (Week 8)

“…are planning to answer the research questions…” (Week 8)

“I am intended to do research on. After several conversations with…” (Week 8)

“…study that makes the topic research is significant.” (Week 8)

“My research topic will be…” (Week 8)

“…important issues arise from my research topic are…” (Week 8)

“…our writing skills for our research exercise…” (Week 8)

“However, like other research methods, phenomenological research also has…” (Week 9)

“…like other research methods, phenomenological research also has its own strengths…” (Week 9)

“…the emerging theory with existing research and theories…” (Week 9)

“Beside learning about phenomenology research and grounded theory…” (Week 9)

“…regarding the selection of the research articles, as we need to…” (Week 9)

“…most important parts in conducting research, which none of the groups…” (Week 9)

“…be more careful in selecting research articles…” (Week 9)

“In quantitative research, the researcher needs a large…” (Week 10)

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“…no specific samples for qualitative research, in fact, it depends on…” (Week 10)

“…in choosing sample for qualitative research is the samples can choose…” (Week 10)

“…the common methods used in research either in quantitative or qualitative…” (Week 10)

“Nevertheless, by using this in research, it may put the researcher…” (Week 10)

“…the researcher aims to do research on criminal behaviours.” (Week 10)

“…seven steps in conducting narrative research: identify a phenomenon, select…” (Week 10)

“…Issues of Qualitative Research- Objectivity, Reliability, Internal Validity…” (Week 11)

“…software is to facilitate the research in analysis, however as emphasized…” (Week 11)

“…determine the effectiveness of the research being studied. The presenter simplified…” (Week 11)

Below are examples where some references are made to theory:

“…topics on Phenomenological Research, Grounded Theory Research 1 and Grounded Theory..” (Week 9)

“…also known as bottom-up theory. Grounded Theory focuses on the…” (Week 9)

“…focuses on the task of theory construction. Grounded theory studies interactions…” (Week 9)

“…gathering and analysis for grounded theory are such as taped interviews…” (Week 9)

“…and further develops an emerging theory. The literature review occurs after…” (Week 9)

“Data analysis compares the emerging theory with existing research and theories…” (Week 9)

“…transforming data into theory .” (Week 9)

“…as “the mother of grounded theory”. Basically, data collection by using…” (Week 11)

“…the different between grounded theory and constant comparative method is…” (Week 11)

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“Similar to grounded theory, in constant comparative method,…” (Week 11)

“…code-and-retrieve programs, theory builders, conceptual network builders etc.” (Week 11)

A priori themes

1. Issues in research2. Challenges

Issues in research. In this node, I was aware that in conducting research, there are several important

issues that need to be taken into considerations. Below are examples of references:

“I find out is very useful in helping and ‘pushing’ me to start thinking about the important issues of what I am intended to do research on.” (Week 8)

“It is also good at surfacing deep issues and making voices heard as well as has the ability to query and probe in-depth issues of phenomenon.” (Week 9)

“Dr Irene realised that group O did not touch about ethical issues in interviews…” (Week 10)

“I learn from this group is the difference between emic and epic issues. Emic is the insiders’ perspectives, while etic is the researchers’ perspectives.” (Week 11)

Challenges. In this node, it shows that challenges in conducting qualitative research seem unavoidable. These are illustrated with the following reflections:

“Study lesson can take longer time.” (Week 9)

“Nevertheless, with huge compilations of data, it is indeed time-consuming.” (Week 9)

“One of the drawbacks in choosing sample for qualitative research is the samples can choose to withdraw.” (Week 10)

“The best approach is non-probability, while probability can be expensive.” (Week 10)

“The presenter added that as stated in one of the articles that they read, as the participant did not willing a particular part of his/her story to be included, therefore the researcher had to follow and consider this ethical issue.” (Week 11) “Obviously, the main limitation for this method is time-consuming because it indeed takes more time to collect others’ stories.” (Week 11)

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