Chapter 27. Jeffrey L. Gunsolus, Thomas R. Hoverstad, Bruce D. Potter, Gregg A. Johnson. 2000. Assessing integrated weed management in terms of risk management and biological time constraints. Pages 373-383. In: George G. Kennedy, Turner B. Sutton (editors). Emerging Technologies for Integrated Pest Management: Concepts, Research, and Implementation. Proceedings of a Conference held March

8-10, 1999, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. American Phytopathological Society (APS) Press, St. Paul, Minnesota, 526 pages.

Keywords: biological time constraints, periodicity of weed emergence, rate of weed growth and development, critical period of weed control, density dependency, time dependency, risk management, risk efficiency for soybean weed management