Good morning year 8

Below is science work which is designed to last you for 2 weeks.

Each lesson should take at least an hour, but feel free to push yourself to be more detailed/creative on some of the more flexible tasks.

There should be around 7 lessons worth of work here, so we suggest you save any work you do to a file on a computer, and when working by hand, that you keep pieces of paper in a plastic wallet all together.

Each lesson comprises of several tasks with video clips and websites designed to support you through the task. Attempt to do all of the tasks if you can, Don’t worry if you get stuck, just ask and I will guide you.

Lesson 1:

Learning outcomes:

1) Dissect a flower and identify its parts2) Explain the function of each part of the flower3) Compare different plants and explain why their structure is different.

Task 1: Whilst you are taking your daily exercise, or if you have access to a front/back garden, try to find a flower which you can dissect. You need to research the parts of the plant and should try to draw it and label it onto some plain paper. Some of you might find this easier if you stick your flower on to the paper and label it that way.

This website should help you identify the different parts, but you can use any books or websites that you might find. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize

Task 2: Now find out the function (job) of each part of your plant, this is where you explain what the part does. You can do this on separate lined paper or on the back. Whichever you prefer. You should be able to find answers on the website from task 1.

Task 3: Try to find another plant that is different from the first plant you found. For example, I might choose a tulip and a daffodil from my garden, not just another daffodil that I chose in task 1. In words, compare the two plants, say what is different and similar about each one. Why do you think these plants are different? Can you also identify the name of the plants? If you are not sure of the name, use a search engine and enter a description of the plant and click ‘images.’ This might help you find your plant.

Optional Creative extra task: Research ‘Herbariums.’ Can you create your own version of a herbarium using whatever you have at home and flowers/plants from your garden. This website shows you how you might do this at home!

https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/how-to-press-flowers.html

Lesson 2

Learning outcomes:

1) Describe and explain how plants reproduce

Task 1: design a cartoon strip which highlights how plants reproduce. Each box should have a diagram of a different stage plus a caption box underneath. You should try to use some of the key words you learned when you labelled a plant.

Task 2: Watch the following video clip. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GqA42M4RtxEResearch and explain why bees and insects are so important for the pollination of plants.

Optional creative extra task:Design a poster which promotes the protection of bees. Your poster should explain why bees are so important for different ecosystems and what people can do to help bees in their back garden. The websites below are a good place to start.https://www.wwf.org.uk/updates/how-bee-friendly

https://www.countryliving.com/uk/save-the-bees/

Lesson 3 and lesson 4

Learning objectives:1) To recall the word equation for photosynthesis and describe factors which can affect

how efficiently it occurs.

Task 1: Create a presentation all about photosynthesis. You can either use a computer and use PowerPoint or you can use plain paper stapled together to create a form of information pamphlet. Your presentation must include the answers to the bullet points below. Never copy and paste text, keep the information in your own words in short interesting sentences. Use as many pictures and diagrams as you can. I have also included some useful websites which might help. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zpwmxnb/revision/1

Why do plants do photosynthesis Where exactly in the plant does it occur? The word equation for photosynthesis The main ‘limiting factors’ which effect how well a plant can do photosynthesis How plants are adapted to do photosynthesis. An interesting plant of your choice and how it is adapted to survive in extreme

circumstances.

Lesson 5

Learning objectives:

1) I can create a graph using data that I have been given.2) I can find patterns in the data when I look at the graph and I can link that to some of the

science that I know.

Task 1: Look at the table of results and turn it into a graph. You can create a graph on the computer using excel, on lined, squared or graph paper. With this type of data, you should be drawing a scatter graph (the one with the little crosses) not a bar chart.

light intensity

Rate of photosynthesis

2 04 26 48 7

10 1212 1914 2716 3618 4620 5822 6524 6926 7028 70

Task 2: Find out how to add a ‘line of best fit’ to your graph. This is not where we do ‘dot-to dot’ so be careful.

Task 4: Try to identify any patterns you can see from the graph, what are they and can you think why they might be there?

Lesson 6

Learning outcomes: An understanding of how knowledge of photosynthesis can inform and enhance plant/crop growth in farming.

Task: Design a farm which grows crops and vegetables. You will need to annotate your design with notes and research. You can design your farm on paper or using a computer. Make sure your design is realistic and colourful. Maybe have a look online and get some inspiration from existing farms.Things you must consider in your design:

What type of crops you will grow and where? Will you be an organic or non-organic farm (this will determine what fertilisers you

might want to use? What vegetable you grow in a large green house How you will keep conditions in the greenhouse perfect for optimum rate of

photosynthesis (so the vegetables grow big at a faster rate)

Optional creative extra task:Make your farm design 3D by building a model made of different materials. Can you go out into your garden and find things to stick on to your model to make it more realistic? Could you use other material like soil, matches or cling film to create a greenhouse for the vegetables? Get creative!

Lessons 7:Learning outcomes: To check on your progress so far and assess your own areas of weakness by answering practice questions.

Task 1: Revise everything you have learned so far on the topic by going back through your work. You can use this website to revise by clicking through the different pages on the topic. Take the ‘test’ at the end and keep practicing until you get all multiple choice questions correct. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zpwmxnb/revision/1.

Task 2: Attempt the following assessment questions. If you get stuck try to do a bit of research or email to ask for help. They start off a little easier and get progressively harder so don’t worry if you cant get right to the end.

Q1.(a)     Alex poured some pond water into three beakers. She then put waterweed

into each beaker. She put the beakers in different places.

(i)      In which beaker did the waterweed grow best?  Give the correct letter.

…………1 mark

(ii)     The waterweed in the box changed from dark green to pale yellow.Why did this happen?

……………………………………….……………………………………….1 mark

(b)     In the school pond there were lots of water lilies with large leaves covering the surface.There were not many plants growing below the surface.Suggest a reason for this.

……………..……………………………….……………………………………….

……………..……………………………….……………………………………….1 mark

(c)     In another experiment, Alex put similar pieces of waterweed into two more beakers of pond water.She added fertiliser to one of them.She kept them both by a window.

 

(i)      Alex added fertiliser to beaker E. Suggest the results of this experiment.

……………..……………………………….…………………..…………….

……………..……………………………….…………………..…………….1 mark

(ii)     What do fertilisers contain to help plants grow?Tick the correct box.

fat                              minerals           

sand                          sugar                1 mark

Maximum 5 marks

Q2.Potatoes have just been planted in a field.The rows of potatoes are covered with clear plastic strip.

(a)     (i)      The potatoes were planted in winter.

         How will the plastic strips help the potatoes to start to grow?

................................................................................................................

1 mark

(ii)     Complete the sentences below with words from the list.

                   air            heat           light           water

         The plastic strips covering the growing potato plants must be

clear so the leaves will get enough ..........................................

The potato plants grow well because the gaps between the plastic

strips will let ...................................... and ......................................

get into the soil.3 marks

(b)     The plastic strips break down naturally after a few weeks.

          Suggest why it is useful that the plastic strips break down naturally.

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................1 mark

(c)     Aphids are insects that feed on potato leaves.

          Aphids and potato plants are part of the food chain shown below.

                                                                                                 not to scale

(i)      Some farmers put ladybirds on their potato plants to get rid of aphids.

         How do ladybirds get rid of aphids?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

(ii)     What else could farmers use to get rid of aphids?Tick the correct box.

fertiliser                                    insecticide      

slug pellets                              weedkiller        2 marks

maximum 7 marks

Q3.The drawing shows a plant called Tillandsia.

 

(a)     (i)      The leaves of this plant absorb light.Why do plants need light?

.............................................................................................................1 mark

(ii)     Tillandsia plants grow on the high branches of trees in rain forests.

           

                                                                                   not to scale

         These plants cannot grow well on the lowest branches.Explain why.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................1 mark

(b)     Tillandsia plants do not have root hairs on their roots.

          What two substances do most plants absorb through their root hairs?

1.  ................................................................................................................

2.  ................................................................................................................2 marks

(c)     Which diagram below shows a root hair?Tick the correct box.

                     

                                           

 A                                                   B

                                         

                                           C                                                    D

                                                                                        not to scale1 mark

Maximum 5 marks

Q4.The drawing shows an experiment to investigate photosynthesis in weed from a pond.

 

          Bubbles of gas produced during photosynthesis were given off from the pond weed and collected in the test tube.

(a)     Name the gas given off in photosynthesis

......................................................................................................................1 mark

(b)     What two substances are taken in by the plant and used for photosynthesis?

1. ..................................................................................................................

2. ..................................................................................................................2 marks

          Light of different intensities was shone onto the pond weed. The number of gas bubbles given off in one minute at each light intensity was counted. The results are shown in the graph.

 

(c)     Which letter on the horizontal axis shows the light intensity at which the rate of photosynthesis first reaches its maximum?

............................................................1 mark

          Blue, green and red light were then shone, in turn, onto the pond weed. The number of bubbles of the gas given off in one minute was counted. The results are shown in the table.

           

          The leaves of the pond weed contain a green pigment which absorbs light for photosynthesis

(d)     (i)      Name this pigment.

.............................................................................................................1 mark

(ii)     Using the information in the table, tick a box by one colour of light which is strongly absorbed by the pigment.

blue           

green         

red              1 mark

(e)     Sugar is also produced during photosynthesis.

          Give two ways in which the plant uses sugar.

1. ..................................................................................................................

    ..................................................................................................................

2. ..................................................................................................................

    ..................................................................................................................2 marks

Maximum 8 marks

Q5.The drawing shows part of a blackberry plant.

 

(a)     Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of the blackberry plant. Complete the word equation for photosynthesis.

          water + carbon dioxide  ........................................ + oxygen1 mark

(b)     Jonathan studied a blackberry plant growing in a shady place and a blackberry plant growing in a sunny place.

(i)      Jonathan found that the plant in the shady place had larger leaves. Why is it an advantage for plants in the shade to have leaves with a large surface area?

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................1 mark

(ii)     Both blackberry plants had green leaves. What part of the leaf cells makes the leaf green?

........................................................1 mark

(c)     The diagram below shows a cell from a leaf of a blackberry plant.

 

          The names of four parts of the cell are listed in the table below.

(i)                  Match the name of each part with a letter from the diagram. Write your answers in the table.

 

part letter of part

cell wall  

cytoplasm  

nucleus  

vacuole  

4 marks

(ii)     Which two of the labelled parts are also present in an animal cell? Give the correct letters from the diagram.

.......................... and ..........................2 marks

Maximum 9 marks

Q6.The drawing shows a bluebell plant. The plant grows from an underground stem called a bulb.Each year new leaves and flowers grow from the bulb.

           

(a)     Describe the process by which glucose is made in the leaves.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................3 marks

(b)     Many plants make starch from glucose.What group of nutrients do both glucose and starch belong to?

.............................................................1 mark

(c)     In the sixteenth century bluebell bulbs were dug up to obtain a starch-likesubstance that was used to make collars stiff.

                         

(i)      Digging up bluebell bulbs has caused a decrease in the number of bluebells growing in Britain.It is now against the law to dig up bluebells.

         Suggest one other environmental reason why the number of bluebell plants has decreased in Britain.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................1 mark

(ii)     Every 10 years the trees and bushes in some bluebell woods are cut down to ground level.

         What effect does this have on the number of bluebells in the woods?Explain your answer.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................1 mark

Maximum 6 marks

Q7.In the seventeenth century a Belgian scientist, Van Helmont, planted a young willow tree in a tub of dry soil.During the next five years he watered the plant with rain water but he did not add anything else to the tub.

          

                                                                                        not to scale

          After five years Van Helmont removed the willow tree from the tub and weighed the tree.He also dried and weighed the soil. Results from Van Helmont’s experiment are shown in the table.

 

(a)     Van Helmont concluded that the increase in the mass of the willow tree was due only to a gain in water.

(i)      What two pieces of evidence did Van Helmont use to reach his conclusion?

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

2 marks

(ii)     We now know that Van Helmont’s conclusion is not correct.Explain why the mass of the willow tree increased by such a large amount.

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

2 marks

(b)     Van Helmont believed that a plant would always grow faster if it was given more water.We now know that this is not true.Give two environmental conditions which can slow down the growth of a plant, even when it has plenty of water.

1. …….………………………………………………………………………………

……….………………………………………………………………………………

2. …….………………………………………………………………………………

……….………………………………………………………………………………2 marks

(c)     The fresh mass of a plant includes water. To measure plant growth accurately, scientists calculate the increase in the dry mass rather than the increase in the fresh mass of a plant.

          Why is finding the increase in fresh mass not a reliable way to measure plant growth?

……….………………………………………………………………………………

……….………………………………………………………………………………

……….………………………………………………………………………………1 mark

Maximum 7 marks