WEEK 1 Curriculum & Instruction

EDU555

En. Muhamad Furkan Mat Salleh

Fakulti Pendidikan

Universiti Teknologi MARA

In this course, you will learn about:

What is curriculum

Curriculum development

Curriculum in Malaysian schools

Course design

What is instruction

Teaching and learning

Microteaching

Curriculum • The word “Curriculum” originates from the Latin word “currere”

which means “a race course”

• Curriculum is commonly defined as “a plan of study”

• For example: KSSR or Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah is a plan of study for Malaysian Primary school for a period of 6 years. KBSM or Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah is a plan of study for Malaysian Secondary school for a period of 5 years The B. Sc Ed (Biology/Physics) Curriculum is a plan of study for a period of 4 years in order to obtain the B. Sc Ed (Bio/Phy) degree.

Instruction

• Refers to the process of giving instruction in a classroom through the process of teaching and learning.

• Instruction thus, is the process of implementing the curriculum through the process of teaching and learning by using various approaches, methods and technique.

• According to Saylor (1981), instruction is the actual engagements of learners with planned learning.

• As such, curriculum is often associated with instruction.

Definition of Curriculum • Curriculum has been defined differently by different people

according to the purposes and functions.

• The following are some definitions of curriculum:

• “ a course of study” – Dressel

• “ a plan for providing sets of learning opportunities for persons to be educated” - Saylor et al., 1981

• “An organized set of formal education and/or training intentions”- David Pratt

• “ a plan of learning” – Taba, 1962

Definition of Curriculum

• Jon Wiles and Joseph Bondi view curriculum as a four-step plan involving

“purposes, design, implementation and assessment.”

• “ a total instructional program composed of syllabus or individual course programs – Bowen

• “A general over-all plan of the content or specific materials of instruction that the school should offer the student by way of qualifying him for graduation or certification for entrance into a professional or vocational field” - Good

Definition of Curriculum

• Ministry of Education, Malaysia according to Akta Pendidikan 1996

“Satu program pendidikan yang termasuk kurikulum dan kegiatan ko-kurikulum yang merangkumi semua pengetahuan, kemahiran, norma, nilai, unsur kebudayaan, dan kepercayaan untuk membantu perkembangan seseorang murid dengan sepenuhnya dari segi rohani, jasmani, mental dan emosi serta untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan.”

Definition of Curriculum • Based on the various definitions given, a curriculum

consists of:

A plan which is documented

Consisting of a set of objectives

A list of contents and learning experiences

Suggested method of teaching or instruction

A process of evaluation or assessment methods

Curriculum and Instruction

• The word curriculum is often associated with instruction, where:

• Curriculum refers to the plan or document.

• Instruction refers to the methods of presenting or implementing the curriculum content or plan.

For the purpose of instruction, curriculum can be further sub-divided as follows:

CURRICULUM

SYLLABUS

SCHEME OF

WORK

LESSON PLAN

A plan of study consisting of one or more course(s) or subject(s)

A plan for a particular course or subject

A detailed outline of the syllabus, divided into weeks, sessions, or hours etc.

A plan for a particular lesson or instruction

CURRICULUM

SYLLABUS

SCHEME OF

WORK

LESSON PLAN

Plan of studies (KSSR, KBSM) Based on National Education Philosophy (NEP) Developed by Curriculum Development Division (CDD)

Planned according to school year and organized by weeks

Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian Schools

Documented for the various subjects Supported with Huraian Sukatan Pelajaran (HSP) Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for teaching and learning

Planned by teachers for each lesson by referring to the Scheme of Work

CURRICULUM

SYLLABUS

SCHEME OF

WORK

LESSON PLAN

Planned by the respective institution Based on the Philosophy, Vision and Mission

Planned according to semester and organized by weeks 14 weeks for each semester

Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian IHL

Documented for the various subjects or course Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for teaching and learning

Planned by lecturers for each lesson by referring to the Scheme of Work

EDUCATION SYSTEM IN MALAYSIAN SCHOOLS

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

JPN

SCHOOL

PPD

PENGARAH PENDIDIKAN NEGERI Primary School Secondary School

PEGAWAI PENDIDIKAN DAERAH Primary School Secondary School

PENGETUA, GURU BESAR, GURU PENOLONG KANAN, KETUA PANITIA

Centralized, top-down system

Standardized curriculum prepared by CDD

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION(CDD)

• To prepare and develop the school curriculum

• To disseminate and implement the curriculum

• To oversee the implementation of curriculum

• To prepare the supporting materials

• To evaluate the curriculum development process

Important Departments at MoE

• BPG – Bahagian Pendidikan Guru or Teacher Education Division. Responsible for the training of school teachers.

• BSS – Bahagian Sekolah-sekolah or Schools Division. Responsible for the placement of teachers in schools and related services.

• LPM – Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia or Malaysian Examination Syndicate. Responsible for centralized examination.

• UTP – Unit Teknologi Pendidikan or Educational Technology Division. Resource center for educational technology services.

• BBT – Biro Buku Teks or Textbook Bureau. Responsible for School Textbooks. (SPBT – Skim Pinjaman Buku Teks)

• BPPDP – Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan or Educational Planning and Research Division (EPRD)

THANK YOU