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Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

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Page 1: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Week 3

Intracranial Regulation and

Level of Consciousness

Page 2: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Learning Objectives

1. Identify awake/asleep, alert, orientation to person, place and time as norms, vs. abnormal findings.

2. Explain how intracranial regulation controls level of consciousness and vital signs.

3. Identify key normal neurologic assessment techniques and findings with consideration for variations across the lifespan.

Page 3: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Definitions:

Intra: Within, or inside.

Cranial:Relating to, involving, or

located in the skull, especially the part covering the brain.

Page 4: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Intracranial Regulation:

The ability of the cranial contents

(brain, blood, cerebral spinal fluid)

to maintain normal intracranial pressure.

Page 5: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

What does the brain do?

The brain is made up of many specialized areas that work together.

The skull (cranium) helps protect the brain from injury.

Page 6: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Our soft brain is protected by a hard

skull…

Page 7: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Soft brain, hard skull:

Page 8: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Intracranial regulation involves:

Central Nervous System-

Brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System- Cranial and

spinal nerves

Page 9: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Remember that the two systems work together to

receive an impulse, interpret it, and initiate a

response…

Page 10: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

A threat to any aspect of neurologic function is a

threat to the whole person!

Page 11: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Intracranial Pressure:

Why is it so important?

Page 12: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness
Page 13: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Normal Intracranial pressure:

5-10 mmHg, measured with the patient lying at 30 degrees(Semi-Fowler’s Position).

Page 14: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

If there is an increase in intracranial pressure, what

happens?

(Remember ‘soft brain’, ‘hard skull’…)

Page 15: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Extreme Tumor

Page 16: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

What are some examples you can think of that alter the function of the

central nervous system?

Page 17: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Hmmmmmmmmmmmm, let’s see…

Page 18: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Well,let’s consider:

Anesthesia, tumor, bleeding, many drugs, low

blood sugar, illness, alcohol, lack of oxygen…

Page 19: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Those are all examples of ways in which the

function of the central nervous system can be

altered…

Page 20: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

For an assessment, what are the ‘norms’ YOU should

be looking for?

Page 21: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Awake: Is the patient awake?

Or, is the patient other than awake?

Page 22: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Alert: Is the patient alert?

Or, is the patient other than alert…

Page 23: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

Oriented: Is the patient oriented to person (who they are),

place (where they are), and time (day, month, and

year)?

Page 24: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

A.A.O. x 3:Awake, Alert, and Oriented to person, place and time

Page 25: Week 3 Intracranial Regulation and Level of Consciousness

End of Week 3