Welcome to Environment - CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 … · 2019. 2. 6. · M/s VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED is an existing company manufacturing Asbestos Cement sheets. The company has

REIA - EXPANSION OF ASBESTOS CEMENT SHEET PLANT

PARYAVARAN LABS (INDIA) LTD.

CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION

1.1 PREAMBLE

M/s VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED is an existing company manufacturing

Asbestos Cement sheets. The company has obtained Consent For Operation (CFO),

Consent for Establishment (CFE) from Uttar Pradesh State Pollution Control Board

(UPPCB) and Environmental Clearance (EC) from Ministry of Environment &

Forest (MOEF) for 120,000 TPA Capacity.

Expansion proposal of VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED is to increase the

additional capacity of 2,00,000 TPA. Out of this, 40,000 TPA in phase 1 & the

balance 160,000TPA in phase 2 is envisaged. So after expansion the total Capacity

will be 320,000 TPA in the same premises where the Unit is located in Kannawan,

Pargana Bachharawan, MaharajGanj Taluk, Rae Bareli District, Uttar Pradesh State.

The proposed expansion also to manufacture asbestos cement sheets and

accessories. The process involves milling, mixing, sheet making, molding, curing

and storing.

As per the Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi notification, dated 14th

September, 2006 Asbestos Cement Sheet & Accessories unit is classified under

Category ‘A’. M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED has proposed to enhance

the production capacity of Asbestos cement sheets & Accessories unit.

TOR proposal was discussed inThe sixth meeting of the Expert Appraisal

Committee (EAC) for Industry-I Sector interims of the provisions of the EIA

Notification held on 3rd - 4th May, 2016 in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and

Climate Change.



Terms of Reference (TOR) for the proposed expansion project has been accorded by

the Hon’ble Ministry vide letter no F.N. J-11011/157/2005-IA.II(I) 4th May 2016.

And EIA Report has been prepared by incorporating the TOR points stipulated by

Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MOEF &CC).

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study has been conducted for the various

environmental components which may be affected and to assess the impacts arising

out of the proposed capacity of the project. A detailed Environmental Management

Plan (EMP) has been prepared to minimize those adverse impacts. It also examines

the possible impact on the people, their home land or their livelihoods or any

developing activity in the nearby areas.

Baseline Data has been collected for the various environmental components such as

air environment, water environment, land environment, noise environment and

socio-economic environment during Summer season (April 2016 to June 2016) and

are presented in this report along with prediction and evaluation of impacts of

the proposed project activities. After predicting potential problems, the EIA

identifies measures to minimize the problems (adverse impacts) that may arise due

to project and outlines ways to improve the project's suitability for its proposed

environment.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT

M/s. VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED (hereafter termed as ‘VIL’) at Kannawan,

Pargana Bachharawan, MaharajGanj Taluk, Rae Bareli District, Uttar Pradesh State

was established in 2006 to manufacture corrugated asbestos cement fiber sheets.

With the current production capacity of 120,000 tons per year, Now Increasing the

capacity upto 320,000 TPA. Out of this, 40,000 TPA in phase 1 & the balance



160,000TPA in phase 2 is envisaged. The company is headed and managed by the

people of high level eminenceand experience in asbestos based products.

VISAKA GROUP

Dr. G. Vivekanand is an MBBS graduate from Osmania University and former

Member of Parliament. He is the first generation entrepreneur and played a

prominent role in the growth of the Company. It is under his leadership and

guidance the Company has grown multifold and diversified into the business of

Building Products and Synthetic Blended Yarn and has become one of the

prominent player in the building products business.

Under his direction Visaka Industries Limited as a responsible corporate citizen has

the view that corporates who benefit from the society must give back something to

the society; that an organisation with the power to affect human lives must use the

power wisely, and not abuse it.. With this as its central philosophy, the Visaka

Charitable Trust set up in the year 2000, has donated over US$ 1 million for social

causes like education and clean drinking water to the poor in various parts of the

country. It continues to outstanding work, touching thousands of lives every day.

Group Profile

Dr.G.Vivekanand is at present Vice Chairman. Mrs. G. Saroja Vivekanand is

Managing Director and Mr. G. Vamsi Krishna is Whole time Director of the

Company. The company was originally promoted in 1981 by Dr.G.Vivekanand, and

Andhra Pradesh Industrial Development Corporation (APIDC). APIDC has since

disinvested its shareholding (26% of original share capital) to the Dr.G.Vivekanand

in the year 1990. The Certificate of Commencement of business was obtained on

12th October, 1981. The company has existing units manufacturing various

products in 11 locations, one unit under clearance process at 12th location,

throughout India. These are



1. AC Unit, Yelumala Village, RC Puram Taluq, Medak District, Telengana.

2. AC Unit, Behind Supa Gas, ManikanthamVillage, Paramati – Velur Taluq,

Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu.

3. AC Unit, Changsol Mouza,Banki BundhGP No.4, Salboni Block, Midnapur

West, West Bengal.

4. AC Unit, 27/1, Naganahalli Village, Kora Hubli, Tumkur Taluk & District,

Karnataka State.

5. AC Unit, Village Kannawan, Pargana Bachharawan, MaharajGanj Taluk, Rae

Bareli District, Uttar Pradesh State. This existing unit is going for the

expansion from 120,000 TPA to 320,000 TPA

6. AC Unit, Survey No.386, Jujjur Village, Veerulapadu Mandal, Krishna

District, Andhra Pradesh State.

7. AC Unit, Survey No.70/3A, 70/3, Sahajpur Industrial Area, Nandur Village,

Daund Taluk, Pune District, Maharashtra State.

8. AC Unit, Plot No.1994(P), 2006,Khata No.450, Chaka No.727, Village:

Parmanpur, Dist. Sambalpur, Orissa State, manufacturing Asbestos Cement

Products which started manufacture in early 1985, 1997, 2003, 2005, January

2006, December2006, June 2007, January 2012, respectively and

9. Spinning Unit for manufacturing of man made yarn at Moudha, Nagpur,

Maharashtra, exploring the state of the Art Murata Twin Air Jet Technology

1992, and

10. V- BoardsUnit (Building Boards or Fibre Cement Flat Sheets) & V-

Panels unit (Sandwich Panels) atMiryalaguda, Nalgonda District, Telengana

State in the year 2009 and

11. V-Boards unit for the manufacturing of Building Boards or Fibre

Cement Flat Sheets at Delwadi Village, Kedgaon, Daund Taluq, Pune

District, Maharashtra State in the year 2011 and

12. AC Unit, presently under yet-to-start status after obtaining clearance

from the MOEF for manufacture of Asbestos Cement Products at



SurveyNo.265, 266 & 268 Village: Rachakpura, Near Shedriya, Tehsil:

Niwai, Dist: Tonk, Rajasthan State.

The Company has an impeccable track record of meeting all its commitments in

time without a single default or reschedule in 29 years history.

Awards:

1. AP Distinguished industrial award from Exhibition Society in the year 2003

2. Council for Industrial Development & Trade - Industrial Promotion Gold

Medal Award - 1990

3. Productivity award from the Andhra Pradesh Federation of Chamber of

Commerce in 1987

4. Best management award from the government of Andhra Pradesh in 1987

5. Award from Council for Industrial Development in 1985

Our Mission

Visaka stands for Integrity & disciplined hard work

Our Vision

To be the leader in building products & textiles by leveraging the technology & by

meeting the ever-changing needs of customers.

Our Values

Integrity: Working with honesty and transparency

Excellence: Aiming for the highest quality standards in the goods andservices we produce

Respect: Showing respect and humanity towards our colleagues andcustomers alike

Responsibility: Being sensitive and responsible towards the communitiesand environment that we work in

Accountability: Showing reliability in both word and deed



The future: Transformation through talent and technology

VIL has qualified & experienced employees and a customer base that includes some

of the world's best-known companies. We also enjoy partnerships with several

global leaders. Today, the Group is poised to grow through a transformation

exercise that will significantly increase the size of our business, with technology

and talent driving the expansion. Our vision is to create value in tune with the

rapidly changing needs of customers, partners and communities in the twenty-first

century. Beyond business, we commit significant resources to philanthropic

initiatives in scientific research, development and the preservation of India’s

heritage.

1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION

1.3.1 NATURE OF THE PROJECT (EXISITNG & PROPOSED)

Asbestos Cement Corrugated Sheet Plant is based on fully automated closed system

by adopting “Hatschek Process (Wet System)” which is more commercially viable

and is currently in use in the majority of the Asbestos Cement Corrugated Sheet

plants in India. This process isadopted in many countries and it is already operating

in our existing plant the same process with slight development in the technology

and machines Visaka will achieve the Enhancement of the capacity. The raw

materials required are Cement, Fly Ash, Asbestos Fibres &Pulp.

The expansion in productivity:

No Additional land

No Additional Building for Phase -1

Additional total line setup for Phase - 2

Additional Equipment

Increase size of the Sheet

Improved vacuum systems

Improved waste recycling



ADVANTAGES TO THE PROJECT:

There is a positive impact on the environment due to the usage of fly ash of about

27%in the product which is a waste material of a nearby Thermal power station.

The land is declared as industrial area by the government itself after a thorough

study by expertise.

1.3.2 SIZE OF THE PROJECT

The current capacity of the project is 1,20,000 TPA. Expansion proposal is to

increase the additional capacity of 2,00,000 TPA. Out of this, 40,000 TPA in phase

1 & the balance 160,000TPA in phase 2 is envisaged. So after expansion the total

Capacity will be 320,000 TPA in the same premises where the Unit is located. The

proposed expansion is also to manufacture asbestos cement sheets and accessories.

The process involves milling, mixing, sheet making, molding, curing and storing.

Name of product Existing Expansion After Expansion

Asbestos CementCorrugated Sheets 1,20,000 TPA 2,00,000 TPA 3,20,000 TPA



1.3.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

Expansion proposal of VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED is in the same premises where

the Unit is located in Kannawan Village, Bachharawan GP, MaharajGanj Taluk, Rae

Bareli District, Uttar Pradesh State. VIL is holding 10 haof land and no additional land is

required for the proposed expansion. The project lies at Latitude 260 25’45.2” N and

Longitude 810 07’ 47.5” E.

Main reasons for initially selecting the site is that land is in existing premises of Visaka

Industries Ltd, Easy to receive and importing material, Good transportation is possible as

the site is situated near the highway, Man power availability, Nearer to raw material and

market, and Getting additional raw material for additional production capacity is also not

a constraint. Sufficient raw material is available. Utilizing more Fly ash from the nearby

Feroze Gandhi Unchahar Thermal Power Plant, located at Unchahar in Raebareli

district in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, is a major part of the raw material. As for

transportation of goods, there is already existing black topped roads from the State High

way No 36 to the project site. The project plant is adjacent to the state highway No 36.

This is adequate for the possible truck movement envisaged. Bachhranwan Railway

station is about 3.5 kms from the VIL site.

Environmental aspects

Khannawan village is a geographical part of Bachhrawan GP, Maharajganj

Tehsil and Rae-Bareli District in Uttar Pradesh. The average annual rainfall is 700-900

mm. The maximum and minimum temperatures of the region are 45˚Cand 2.5˚C. Area

falls under semi- arid zone category. The area of interest forthe REIA studies is 10 Km

radius with Project site as its center.

Topographically the project area is flat plain..The site area is about 381 ft above mean

sea level. The land around the site is not cultivated.

The project area does not fall under the Critically polluted industrial areas / cluster,

which arelisted in MoEF office memorandum dated 13th January 2010.

The following Industries are situated within 10 KM. Radius of the plant.



M/s. Reliance Industries Limited (Cement grinding unit)

M/s. Food Processing Plant

The proposed site is in accordance with MOEF & CC guidelines. Few maps are shown in

following pages

Fig. 1.1. General location of the project site.

Fig. 1.2. Regional Map close view - general location of the Project site

Fig. 1.3. A Topo Sheet of the study area radius 10 km & project site.

Fig. 1.4. Google Earth Map Showing Location – VIL

Fig. 1.5. Co-ordinates of all four corner of the site.

.

COORDIANTES (LAN & LAT) OF THE PROJECT SITE AT ALL CORNERS

1. 260 25’49.72” N

810 07’30.55” E

2. 260 25’51.91” N

810 07’40.59” E

3. 260 25 35.06” N

810 07’35.66” E

4. 260 25’38.21” N

810 07’ 45.69” E



SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT SITE

Location of Project

Location Kannawan Village, Bachhrawan GP,Maharajganj Tehsil,Raebareli DistrictU.P. state.

Altitude 381 feet

Latitude 26025’45.2” N

Longitude 81007’ 47.5” E

Land Availability 10 Ha

Accessibility

Nearest Highway State Highway-36 – <1.0

Nearest Railway Station Bachhrawan – 3.5km

Nearest Airport Lucknow – 55 km

Nearest Town Rae-bareli – 27 km

Nearest Village Khannawan– 1.0km

Historical / Important Places

Water bodies Sai river – 9 km (SW)

Reserved Forests Nil

Forest Land in the Project site None

Archaeological/ Historically important areas None

Sanctuaries / National Parks None

Sensitive Places None

Other Industries M/s. Reliance Industries Ltd.(Cement grinding Plant)Food processing plant



Fig. 1.1 LOCATION MAP

UTTARPRADESH

RAEBARELI

PROJECT SITE


PARYAVARAN LABS (INDIA) LTD .

Fig. 1.2. Regional Map

….OR 2. i )



Fig. 1.3.A Topo Sheet of the study area radius 10 km & project site.



Fig: 1.4 GOOGLE EARTH MAP SHOWING LOCATION - VIL

Fig. 1.5. Co-ordinates of all four corner of the site.



1.3.4 IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT

Asbestos based products play a vital role in the growth of the key and priority sectors of

the Indian economy. Asbestos cement sheets go a long way to achieve national goals of

providing low-cost and cost-effective domestic and industrial shelters, Poultry forms,

Industrial Sheds etc. with an equitable social cost.

With the 10 % growth of Population every year, the demand for AC Sheets also is

increasing year by year. Hence, there is a need to set up new units every year, to cater to

the needs of demand growth. By this expansion we can improve the economic & social

conditions of the area by providing employment and other facilities. Considering the

demand of Asbestos sheets in India and the experience gained by the group in this sector,

M/s. Visaka Industries Limited has decided to expand the production capacity of

Asbestos Cement sheet manufacturing plant.

1.4. SCOPE OF EIA STUDY

Preparation of REIA/EMP Studies is a pre-requisite as per EIA-2006 Notification. The

proposed Project expansion envisages setting up of 200,000 TPA ASBESTOS CEMENT

SHEET PLANT in two phases of Phase -1: 40000 TPA and Phase-2: 160,000 TPA. EIA

and EMP will be prepared to address these developmental activities.

The EIA study includes determination of baseline conditions surrounding to the

proposed developmental facilities, assessment of the impacts on the environment due to

the operation of the proposed expansion Project and making recommendations on the

preventive measures to be taken, to minimize the impact on the environment to

acceptable levels. The field data around the proposed project will be collected within 10

kilometers radius of Project Site to assess the present status of air, noise, water, land,

biological and socio-economic components of environment. To identify and quantify

significant impacts of VIL operations on environmental components.

To evaluate the proposed pollution control measures, to prepare Environmental

Management plan (EMP) outlining additional control technologies to be adopted for

mitigation of adverse impacts, to delineate post- expansion environmental quality

monitoring program to be pursued by VIL.



CHAPTER – 2Project Description

2.1 PROJECT TYPE

This project is Asbestos Cement Corrugated Sheet Plant which is operated based on fully

automated closed system by adopting “Hatschek Process”. This is a wet process and this

process is more commercially viable and is currently in use in the majority of the

Asbestos Cement Corrugated Sheet plants in India. This process is also adopted in all

countries.

The plant consists of the following Sections

1 Feeding Sections for Raw materials

2 Sheet Forming Section

3 Corrugation Section

4 De stacking section

5 Curing & dispatch

2.2 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT:

Table 2.1 product capacity

Name ofproduct

Existing capacity(TPA)

Expansion Capacity(TPA)

After Expansion(TPA)

Asbestoscement sheets

120,000 200,000PHASE-1: 40000PHASE-2: 160000

320,000

2.3 NEED OF THE PROJECT & PRODUCT DEMAND

M/s VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED, promoted in 1981 by Dr. G. Vivekanand, is an

existing company manufacturing Asbestos Cement sheets. Company’s key product range

include Fibre Cement Roofing Sheets sold under the brand name Visaka, and V-Board, V-

Plank and V-Panels under brand name V-Next, and Yarn products under the brand name

The Wonder Yarn.



The company is one of the leading manufacturers of Fibre Cement Sheets in India with a

market share of about 20.5%. After starting out as a roofing manufacturing company, VIL

has evolved into a multi product, green building products organization.

Asbestos based products play a vital role in the growth of the key and priority sectors of

the Indian Industry. Asbestos cement sheets go along way to achieve national goals of

providing low-cost and cost-effective domestic and industrial shelters. With an

equitable social cost, asbestos cement pipes are still most cost-effective for water

supply, sewerage, irrigation and drainage systems to urban and rural areas in a

developing country like ours. The balance of asbestos is used in specialized industrial

applications, such as, automobiles, heavy equipment, petrochemicals, nuclear projects,

fertilizers, power, transportation, defense, aerospace, steel mills etc. In essence,

asbestos-based products currently on the market eminently meet the needs of the

country in its developing economy in the context of rapidly rising population, rapid

urbanisation and limited resources

The asbestos cement sheeting industry is growing at a healthy 10-12 per cent a year.

Even as the real estate sector has taken a hit due to the slowdown and subsequent

reduction in demand, the asbestos cement (AC) sheet industry, which provides roofing

material for about 50 per cent of the rural population, is relatively untouched. Driven by

steady demand from the rural markets, the industry is growing at a healthy 10-12 per cent

a year.

There are some 18 big players in the industry catering to the domestic market. The

industry employs about 300,000 people and its annual turnover is around Rs 4,000

crore, about 20 per cent of which goes to the states as direct and indirect tax.

According to Brig Sethi, executive director of the Asbestos Cement Products

Manufacturers’ Association (ACPMA), the demand for asbestos will not come down

anytime soon: “Few products can compete with asbestos cement, due to its longevity and

lower cost. Indians have been living under asbestos-roofed buildings for a long time.”

Asbestos Cement Sheet (ACS) is a building material in which asbestos fibres are used to

reinforce thin rigid cement sheets. It is a very popular building material, largely due to its

durability. The roofing industry is largely a commoditized business. While ACS started



out as an industrial product, the increase in production and increase in the number of

access points has made it into a

retail product. With 4 dominant players in this oligopolistic industry, pricing is generally

similar and there is limited brand premium. 80% of the sales come from rural markets

with the balance 20% coming from the industrial and other segments (warehouses,

poultry, urban slums etc).

The Key raw materials are Chrysotile (Asbestos Fibre), which constitutes 45% to 50% of

the total raw material costs and is 100% imported, OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement),

flyash and wood pulp. Overall, to make 100 kgs of fiber cement roofing sheet, 80 kgs of

input are required (43 kg of cement, 8 kg of asbestos fibre, 28 kg of flyash and the

balance is dry waste, pulp etc). The remaining is water weight gained during the

manufacturing process. Raw material expense accounts for the largest operating expense

in all companies (~60-70% of total operating expense). Freight is a large cost (also

transporting over long distances could lead to breakages) hence location of the plant is

key to cost competitiveness.

The ACS industry de-grew by ~5% in FY10, grew by ~3.5% in FY11 and grew further by

~7% in FY12. The industry is estimated to grow at ~6-9% for the next few years on

account of increased income in rural areas coupled with various initiatives by the

Government for affordable housing such as Indira Awas Yojna, Golden Jubilee Rural

Housing Finance Scheme and Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana. Additionally, other

schemes such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act

(MGNREGA) guarantee employment to low-income individuals, which also helps

generate demand for the roofing industry.

Over 50% of the Indian population still lives under thatched roofs (Kuccha roofing) and

clay tiles. Thatched roof is not waterproof, and poses a fire hazard besides needing

regular replacement. Tiled roof needs recurring maintenance and is also not safe. Hence

with security concern coupled with rising income level leads to shift from kuccha house

to pucca house.

ACSs are good insulators of heat and sound as compared to thatched, tiled or galvanized

metal roofs. Additionally, ACSs are water resistant and fire resistant. ACSs are also

relatively cheaper than galvanized metal roofs. ACSs require minimal maintenance and

infrequent replacement unlike thatched and tiled roofs. Hence, whenever disposable

income increases, switching to ACS roofs is the most obvious choice.



Currently there are 20 entities in the Industry with about 68 manufacturing plants

throughout the country. The products are marketed under their respective brand names

mainly through dealers for the retail market and directly for projects and government

departments. Traditionally most players are concentrated in the Southern markets due to

easy access to raw materials such as cement and greater affordability and desire to move

into pucca houses. However, in recent years, the market leaders have been expanding

operations to other markets as they realize the vast untapped market in other regions and

to

benefit out of rising incomes in those regions. The leading players in the industry are

Visaka Industries Ltd, Hyderabad Industries Ltd, Ramco Industries Ltd and Everest

Industries Ltd. These players account for ~72% of the industry’s capacity.

2.4 PROJECT LOCATION

The expansion Project will be implemented within the same premises of VIL where the

Unit is located in Kannawan, Pargana Bachhrawan, MaharajGanj Taluk, Rae Bareli

District, Uttar Pradesh State. The land required for the project is 10 ha and no additional

land is required for the proposed expansion. The project lies at Latitude 260 25’45.2” N

and Longitude 810 07’ 47.5” E. The present site is at Kannawan village, 3.5 Kms from

Bachhrawan, and adjacent to State Highway No.36. The land falls under Survey no. 668,

683-733, 739-753, 791-793.

TABLE 2.1 LAND CLASSIFICATION

TYPE OF LAND EXTENT OF LAND

Forest NilGovt. Land NilPrivate Land 10 Ha

TOTAL 10 Ha

The total land is owned VIL Management.



LAND BREAK UP

Item Existing (Ha) Proposed expansion (Ha) After Expansion total(Ha)

Plant/admn. 1.6 1.2 (from existing land) 2.8

Roads internal 0.4 Nil 0.4

Storage/stock 0.8 Nil 0.8

Green Belt 6.0 Nil 6.0

Open Space 1.2 Nil Nil

Total 10.0 Nil (No additional land

required)

10.0

2.5 SIZE / MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

M/s. VIL has been operating an Asbestos Fibre Cement Sheets & Accessories

manufacturing unit of 1,20,000 TPA capacity. Expansion proposal is to increase the

additional capacity of 2,00,000 TPA. Out of this, 40,000 TPA in phase 1 & the balance

160,000 TPA in phase 2 is envisaged. So the total production capacity now will be

3,20,000 TPA in the existing plant premises.

POWER REQUIREMENT

The power requirement for the plant which is under HT limits is 750 KVA, which will be

obtained from UPSEB. DG sets of 2 X 500 KVA are also installed. No Additional DG Sets

are required.



6

SITE PLAN OF TOTAL PLANT

Phase-II



WATER REQUIREMENT

Water requirement for Existing is 140 KLD, Proposed Phase -1 expansion will be 65 KLD. Proposed

Phase -2 expansion will be 195 KLD. Total water requirement for both existing and proposed will be

400 KLD (per day) for process and administrative purposes. It will be met by Existing bore wells

within the project site. This includes Make-up water for Process, curing and for domestic water.

S.No. PURPOSE Water consumption(KLD)

Existing ProposedPhase-1 Phase-2

1. Make up water for process 110 35 1502. Cure and Cool 05 05 103. Domestic 15 15 204. Others (Gardening) 10 10 15

Total 140 65 195

MAN POWER REQUIREMENT

The regular manpower required for existing administration and production purposes around 50.

Additional manpower (both regular and contract basis) requirement for expansion will be up to 50.

2.6 RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENT

The raw materials required are Asbestos fibre & other fibres (8 to 9%), Binders cement & fly ash

materials (45 to 47% and 27% respectively). The details of raw material requirements are given in

Table 2.2.



TABLE 2.2: DETAILS OF RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

S.N

o.

Raw Material Existing

(TPM)

Expansion (TPM)

Phase-I Phase - II

Source Mode of transportation

1 Cement 4050 1320 5282 Nearby Cement

plants

By Road

(Closed containers)

2 Fly Ash 2925 0872 3487 Nearby Powerplant

By Rail & Road(in Closed containers)

3 Chrysotile

Asbestos

Fibres

810 0290 1159 Imported

(Russia)

By Ship upto the port then

by Road (Closed

containers)

4 Pulp 0063 0031 123 Local area By Road (Covered Trucks)

TOTAL 7848 2513 10051

a) Asbestos Fibre (Chrysotile)

Asbestos is defined as fibrous form of mineral silicates belonging to the serpentine type group of Rock

forming minerals. Asbestos dust is defined as air borne particles of asbestos or settled particle of

asbestos which may become air borne in the working environment, Respirable asbestos fibre is

defined as a particle of asbestos with a diameter of less than 3 microns & of which the length is at

least 3 times the diameter.

Formula: 3MgO2SiO2 2H2O: The soft silky Chrysotile fibre exhibit excellent flexibility & tensile

strength which makes highly suitable as a reinforcing material. Chrysotile fibre is imported, packed in

impervious HDPE bags. Fibre Bags are stored in a separate go-down with further safety measure of

total enclosure. BLUE ASBESTOS FIBRE will not be used

Chrysotile Asbestos percentage : 90-95%

Physical status : Solid

Appearance: White fibrous dry



Odour: odourless

Specific gravity: 2.4 – 2.6

Solubility in water : insoluble

pH : 10

Melting Point: 580 Degree Centigrade

Boiling Point : Not Applicable

Percent volatile: Not Applicable

b) Pulp: Cotton rag pulp is used to improve the process of sheet manufacturing.

c) Cement

Cement will be input to the asbestos-cement process, cement must have a profound influence on the

quality of the product and the management of the process. It is generally accepted that the most

suitable for asbestos-cement production is that called ‘Ordinary Portland Cement’ as defined in

National and international standards.

Chemical Analysis Results of OPC Cement Sample of Existing Plant

Parameters Result (%)OPC

LOI 1.67SiO2 21.23AI2O3 5.17Fe2O3 5.23CaO 62.24MgO 0.92Na2O 0.42K2O 0.234SO3 1.71TiO2 0.37Mn2O3 0.1Cr 0.015Ni 0.004Pb <0.001Zn 0.018



d) Fly Ash

The fly ash required for the existing and expansion of plant will be met by nearby Power Plants such

as Feroz Gandhi Thermal Power Station (FGTPS). Fly ash, a byproduct from thermal power stations

using pulverized coal, is pozzolonic in character and is used in the manufacture of asbestos cement

(a/c) products. The chemical composition of fly ash broadly consists of SiO2 (55-65%), Al2O3 (15-

30%), Fe2O3 (4 to 6%), besides un-burnt carbon and small amounts of CaO, alkalis and sulphates.

Chemical Analysis of Fly Ash Sample analyzed from existing plant

Parameters Result (%)

LOI 0.85SiO2 63.14AI2O3 25.42Fe2O3 4.73CaO 1.85MgO 0.72Na2O 0.21K2O 0.74SO3 0.57TiO2 0.54Mn2O3 0.05Cr 0.026Ni 0.008Pb 0.005Zn 0.034

2.6.2 TRANSPORATION OF RAW MATERIALS

Source & Location of Asbestos:

Asbestos is being & will be sourced from Canada, Russia, Brazil, & Zimbabwe as these are the Fibre

producing countries. Normally white chrysotile asbestos comes packed in impermeable bags, After

receiving in factory these pallets are properly unloaded in fibre go-down & every day cleaning in go-

down will be carried out with vacuum cleaners & wet mopping to avoid any dust generation.

The desirable quantity of Cement will be procured from the Cement Plants located near by the project

site. Cement will be transported through closed containers up to the site.



The total requirement of fly ash for the proposed plant will be met by nearby Power Plants. Such as

Feroz Gandhi Thermal Power Station etc. Fly ash will be transported through closed containers up to

the site.

All trucks required for transportation of raw materials and products will be covered. Pucca road exist

upto the site. All the trucks for raw material and finished product transportation will be

environmentally complied. The existing road is capable of absorbing this additional truck movement.

Hence there will not be any adverse impact on environment due to transportation of raw materials

and products.



2.6.3 RAW MATERIAL STORAGE & HANDLING



All the raw materials will be stored in designated storage areas. Incoming raw materials viz., Cement,

Fly Ash, Asbestos Fibre & Pulp will be stored in their respective stockyards in silos/closed sheds, etc.

Asbestos fibre will be brought on pallets with shrink wrap in impermeable plastic pressure packed

bags.ASBESTOS STORAGE

CEMENT HANDLING THROUGH PNEUMATIC CONVEYING



Handling of Asbestos:

The fibre bags will be received on pallets Properly packed in plastic cover & with wooden base at

bottom which can be easily handled with forklift & unloaded in separate fibre godown, As per

requirement the fibre pallets are transferred to bag opening device where the bags are automatically

opened (the fibre will be conveyed to wet grinding by means of close screw conveyors) in Bag Opening

Device (BOD) under negative suction any airborne asbestos is sucked & it will be collected in bag

filter which will be reused in the process. Hereafter the process will be wet & further it will be mixed

with cement in wet condition only.

Automatic handling / opening of Asbestos Fiber bags System

>Chrysotile fibre will be handled in the process in an enclosed chamber;

>Bags will be opened in closed bag openers and fibres will be debagged automatically.

>Wet condition in the mill restricts fibre floatation in the atmosphere.

>Automatic handling / opening of asbestos fiber bags system has already been provided

2.6.4 PROCESS DESCRIPTION

2.6.4.1 MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF A.C. PRODUCT

Asbestos Fiber of different grades are imported, mainly from Canada, Russia, Zimbabwe etc, and

received in pressure packed condition in impermeable bags in palletized form. The fibre pallets are

transported to the factory in closed containers through the trailer trucks. These palletized fiber bags

are unloaded in fiber go-downs with the help of fork lifts. Fiber bag pallets are conveyed to the fiber

feeding section by means of fork lifts. The fiber bags shall be slit open in closed automatic bag

opening device. The empty bags shall be lifted by a hooking device attached within the bag opening

device and carried to the attached bag shredder unit and the fiber after passing through the lump

breaker shall be collected in the attached blender where water shall be added to maintain the process

in wet condition. When all the bags in one charge empties the fiber into the blender, the fiber in wet

form shall be taken to the Edge Runner Mill via a screw conveyor and elevator which is also joined by

the shredded bag pieces from the shredder unit. Here at ERM some more water is further added to

the fibre for milling operation. The bag opening device & the edge runner mill shall be kept under

negative pressure by tapping it on to a Bag Filter Type Dust Collector with pulse jet connected to a

blower (capacity _ 5000 m3/hr) driven by a 15 Hp motor. The delivery point of the blower is



connected to 10 m tall stack. The fine dust particles collected in the dust collector are recycled back

into the process by adding the same in ERM through a screw conveyer.

From this point onwards the total process operations involving fibre are carried out in wet condition

with no possibility of dust generation during manufacturing process. The milled wet fiber is conveyed

to fiber silo through a bucket elevator and stored therein.



Fly ash received in tankers is pneumatically conveyed into storage silos. Required quantity of fly ash

is taken to weigh hopper on cells and discharged to hydration tank where it is mixed with water. The

fly ash slurry is pumped into day tank where it is kept under agitation. Fly ash silos, weigh hopper,

hydration tank are connected to pulse jet type bag filters of 4000 m3/hr capacity and the dust

collected is recycled back into process.

The milled fiber is weighed in weigh hopper. The pre-requisite quantity of fiber which is about 8% of

the product is mixed with required quantity of water in Wet Opener or fibre cone where it is re-

circulated for about 3 to 4 minutes. To the above slurry a small quantity (around less than 1%) of pulp

and small quantities of homogenized solid waste + process sludge in slurry form (from sludge

recycling tank/Wet Ball Mill) are added, recirculated and pumped into Beater tank.

CEMENT / FLY ASH – LAODING THROUGH PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

Cement received in tankers is pneumatically conveyed into storage silos. Required quantity of cement

is drawn to weigh hopper on load cells and discharged into hydration tank where it is mixed with

required quantity of water. The cement slurry is pumped into beater tank. Cement silos, weigh hopper



and hydration tank are connected to pulse jet type bag filters of 4000 m3/hr capacity and the dust

collected is recycled back into the process.

The RM slurry thus prepared is transferred to Storage Tank where it is under constant agitation.

From here slurry is taken to the Dilution Tank(or Distribution Tank) and diluted further using

recycled process water. Slurry from the Dilution Tank is taken to the sheet forming machine

consisting of an assembly of 5 vats placed in series and with rotating sieve cylinders placed one in

each of 5 vats. The sieve cylinders are fitted at its periphery, with the wire mesh 40 mesh on top

surface and 5 mesh on bottom surface). An end-less felt made of synthetic woven fabric runs

tangentially atop the sieve cylinders. The slurry through the sieve cylinders gets filtered out. The

differential hydrostatic pressure thus created between the sieve cylinder and Vat causes an asbestos

cement film to be formed and picked up by the sieve cylinder which in turn gets transferred to the

moving felt. The gradually thickening slurry due to filtration is constantly diluted in the vats. The

excess water in film is dehydrated by vacuum system. The wet film from the felt is then transferred on

to the rotating sheet forming drum.

After the required thickness is achieved the wet sheet is cut by automatic cutter fixed on the sheet

forming drum. The formed sheet is then trimmed widthwise with long cutters to the required width.

The length of the sheet varies as per the market requirement. After cutting to the required length the

sheet is transferred on to the profiling machine by vacuum sucking.

Side trimmings are recycled back to the process by treating in the waste dissolver.

The formed sheets are stacked in between the steel moulds ( templates) which will be air cured for

about 12 hrs in a closed heating chamber. After the curing the sheets are separated out from the

templates in destacker machine. The templates are cleaned and lubricated and sent back to profiling

machine. The sheets then are inspected on-line, stacked and steam cured for 12 hrs before being

finally inspected and then stockd for dispatch.

Process flow chart is shown in fig 2.1.,2.2.,& 2.3.



MATERIAL BALANCE -



FIG: 2.1. DETAILED PROCESS FLOW SHEET



Fig: 2.2. PROCESS FLOW – HYDRAULIC DIAGRAM

AUTO BAGOPENER

BAGSHREDDER

EDGE RUNNER MILLWEIGHINGHOPPER

MIXER

DOSINGTANK

CEMENTVIBRATOR

FLY ASH HANDLING SYSTEM

WEIGHINGHOPPER

PULP

DILUTION &DISTRIBUTION

MIXER

MIXER

SHEET FORMINGDRUM

VAT 4VAT 5 VAT3 VAT 2 VAT 1

CONVEYOR

CONVEYOR WITHCORRUGATING UNIT

MOULD STACKER A C SHEET& MOULD

INITIAL CURING &HARDENING WITHTEMPLATE

DESTACKER

HARDENEDSHEETS TO CURING AREA

DESPATCH AREA

HYDRODISINTIGRATOR

PROCESS FLOW SHEET

1

VIL



Fig: 2.3 FIBRE HANDLING SYSTEM – HYDRAULIC DIAGRAM

Wet DustCollection

RotaryValve

Blender

Closed Bagopening Device

Lump Breaker

Filter Bags32 Nos

Bag Filter Type Dust CollectorWith Pulse Jet – DE 1

MistEliminator

Nozzle

WaterSpray

Edge Runner Mill

Slant Conveyor

ClosedFibre Bags

PinchHookerCircular Cutter

Water Tank

FIBRE SILO

Main Process Line

Recycling Line at Fibre section

SCHEMATIC OF EDGE RUNNER MILL WITH BOD AND DUST COLLECTION SYSTEM for FIBRE

Stack , 18 M Tall

S

PROCESS

BagShredder

Air duct line for suction & delivery connected to PCE

Air WetWasher

Watercir tank

Blower

PC Equipments in Green

Stack

2

VIL



2.6.5 EMISSION DETAILS

2.6.5.1 EMISSION SOURCES

The major sources of emission from the proposed activity are

1. Fibre Handling Area (ERM Section) - Total dust with fibre content

2. Cement handling Area (Cement feeding) - Total dust or Suspended particulate matter3. Fly Ash handling Area (Fly Ash feeding) - Total dust or Suspended particulate matter.4. Standby Power Supply System - DG sets - Suspended Particulate matter, SO2 and NOx.

2.6.5.2 EMISSIONS CONTROL MEASURES

In the proposed Phase-2 A.C. Sheet plant suitable pollution control equipment shall be selected

which will ensure that the emission levels are maintained below the prescribed units.

Specifications and sectional views are addressed in EMP.

AIR POLLUTION SOURCES & CONTROL MEASURES

Fiber Bag Opening and Milling

The fiber bags shall be slit open in closed automatic bag opening device. The empty bags shall be

lifted by a hooking device attached within the bag opening device and carried to the attached bag

shredder unit and the fiber after passing through the lump breaker shall be collected in the attached

blender where some water shall be added to maintain the process in wet condition. When all the bags

in one charge empties the fiber on to the blender, the fiber in wet form shall be taken to the Edge

Runner Mill via a screw conveyor and elevator which is also joined by the shredded bag pieces from

the shredder unit. Here at ERM some more water is further added to the fibre for milling operation.

The bag opening device & the edge runner mill shall be kept under negative pressure by tapping it on

to a Bag Filter Type Dust Collector with pulse jet, connected to a blower (capacity 6000 m3/hr) driven

by a 15 Hp motor.



Cement and Fly ash Feeding

The cement feeding point shall be tapped on to bag filter type dust collector with pulse jet and

with a blower (capacity - 4000 m3/hr ) driven by a 5HP MOTOR. The let out shall be through a

stack of 18 m height.

The Fly ash feeding point shall be tapped on to bag filter type dust collector with pulse jet and with

a blower (capacity - 4000 m3/hr ) driven by a 5HP MOTOR. The let out shall be through a stack of

18 m height.

Details of Pollution Control Equipments

Id No Name of PCE Equipment Attached to Stack IdDE1 B/F Dust Collector with Pulse Jet E R Mill & BOD Stack1DE2 B/F Dust Collector with Pulse Jet Cement Feeding Stack2DE3 B/F Dust Collector with Pulse Jet Fly Ash Feeding Stack3Specification of Pollution Control EquipmentsParameters UOM PCE Id No

DE1 DE2 DE3Capacity M3/Hr 6000 4000 4000Stack Height M 18 18 18Stack Diameter mm 300 300 300Attached to Blower Blower BlowerMotor HP 15 5 5Stack Id S1 S2 S3

2.7 STANDBY POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM - DG SETS

In the proposed DG Sets, high speed diesel (HSD) oil will be used. Hence negligible quantity of SPM, SO2

& NOx will be generated during the combustion process. So there is no need of any pollution control

equipment. Suitable stack shall be provided as per CPCB norms.



CHAPTER – 3BASELINE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 INTRODUCTION

Keeping in view the nature and size of VIL and based on guidelines of Ministry of Environment and

Forests, Government of India, and past experience of carrying out similar studies it was decided to

cover an area of 10 Km radius, from the center of the VIL compound. This region has been

exhaustively covered for the purpose of environmental impact assessment studies.

3.1.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT

The existing ambient air quality (AAQ) status within the study region has been assessed through a

monitoring network of 8 AAQ sampling stations during summer season. The monitoring network has

been designed based on the available climatological normal of predominant wind directions and

wind speed of the study region for summer season. The baseline ambient air quality status of the

study region was monitored for Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Suspended

particulate matter (RSPM) and various gaseous pollutants like Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of

Nitrogen (NOx) and Carbon Monoxide (CO). Eight hourly sampling was carried out for SPM. All

gaseous pollutants were sampled on four hourly basis. High Volume Samplers with respirable dust

sampling arrangement have been used for monitoring all air pollution parameters. Micro-

meteorological data was also recorded on hourly basis using a manual weather station. Weather

station for this purpose was installed at project site.

3.1.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Noise Environment may cause an adverse effect on human being and associated environment

including land, structures, domestic animals, wild life and natural ecological systems. Hence, noise

survey was carried in and around the project site. Equivalent noise levels were measured using a

precision noise level meter, at residential areas, schools, hospitals, bus-stands and commercial

centers etc. A total of 10 locations were covered within the 10 Km radial distance.



3.1.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Information on water resources was collected during the study period. Water samples were

collected from various locations within the 10 Km radial distance. The parameters of prime

importance were selected under physical, chemical (inorganic and organic) and heavy metal

groups. As the process does not generate any effluents waste water characterization has not been

done.

3.1.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Soil samples were collected from eight surrounding villages, in order to assess the field infiltration

rates and limitations of the soil for growth of appropriate plant species around the site. Plant species

for development of green belt were identified taking into consideration the attenuation factors for

air pollutants. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Exchangeable Percent Sodium(ESP) of various

samples were determined.

3.1.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Baseline data for socio-economic and cultural environment is important in conducting EIA studies.

Any developmental activity will bring about changes in socio-economic pattern. Data on

demographic pattern, population characteristics, employment, income, mortality rate, health status,

land use pattern, energy and fuel consumption, transport and recreation facilities were collected

from neighboring villages. All the above said environmental parameters will be used for

identification, prediction and evaluation of significant impacts. Using the baseline data prediction

of impacts of the project have been undertaken

3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT

Identification of different air pollutants which are released into the atmosphere that have

significant impacts on neighborhood air environment of an industrial project is an essential and

primary requirement in impact assessment studies for air environment. The ambient air quality



status with respect to the specific (identified) pollutants across the study zone of 10 km radial

distance from the plant site during pre-increased productivity project conditions will form the base

line information over which the predicted impacts due to the proposed additional production

capacity can be superimposed to find out the net (final) impacts (post-project scenario) on air

environment. If the final impacts due to the increased productivity project are known at the

planning stage of the project, a viable Environmental Management Plan (EMP) can be prepared

based on impact assessment for the air environment. The baseline status of the ambient air quality

can be assessed through a scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The

design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has to be based on the

following considerations:

1. Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale

2. Topography of the study area

3. Representation of regional background levels

4. Representation of core zone

5. Representation of cross sectional distribution in the upwind and downwind directions

6. Influence of the existing sources, if any, are to be kept at minimum.

3.2.1 RECONNAISSANCE

The proposed unit of VIL in the existing premises at Kannawan, Pargana Bachharawan,

MaharajGanj Taluk, Rae Bareli District, Uttar Pradesh State .A circular area of 10 km radius was

identified as study zone for base line data collection based on previous experience of carrying out

EIA studies. The area represents mostly rural environment. Different air pollution parameters like

Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Suspended Particulate matter (RSPM), Sulphur

dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) have been identified for assessment of existing air

quality status.

3.2.2 . METEOROLOGY

Nearest Airport area Lucknow experiences summer from April to June. The temperature in the

summer months rises to about 48 °C (118.4 °F) and the climate becomes very hot and scorching. Hot

dry winds generally called loo blow in the summer months from April to June making the season

unbearable.



The weather in Lucknow experience seasonal monsoon. Monsoon sets in the month of July with the

arrival of South-westerly monsoon winds and lasts till September. Lucknow receives 101 cm of

rainfall annually during these months.

Weather of Lucknow during the winters are chilly. The winters start from October and lasts till

February. The winter season is comparatively pleasant with the average temperature revolving

around 11°C. It is the best time to visit this historic city. At times the mercury drops to about 5 °C

making the weather very chilly. Fog is the common phenomenon of Winter in Lucknow. Dry icy

continental winds sometimes blow through the city bringing in 'freezing cold spell' that is enough for

the people to tremble with cold. Woolen clothing are the most essential during winters. Nights

becomes cooler then that the daytime with the drop of temperature.

Meteorology of the study zone plays an important role in air pollution studies. The prevailing

micrometeorological conditions at the proposed project site will regulate the dispersion and dilution

of air pollutants in the atmosphere. The predominant wind directions and wind speed at the core

zone will decide the direction and distance of the mostly affected zone from proposed activity. The

meteorological station was set up in a open place free form obstructions at about 3.5 m above

ground level to study the wind pattern. The twenty four hourly duration was from 10 hours to 10

hours (next day).

WIND PATTERN DURING 10-10 HOURS (FINAL AVERAGE)

The predominant wind directions were NNW and N directions. The winds with wind percentage

frequencies were shown in table and as well as wind rose diagram. Calm conditions prevailed over

for 4.70% of the total time.

The maximum and minimum temperatures recorded during the study period were 45 C and 22 C

respectively. The relative humidity recorded during the study period ranged between 60% and 20%



TABLE: 3.2.1 Wind Frequency Distribution during study period at Project site

Wind Direction 0.5 - 2.1 2.1 - 3.6 3.6 - 5.7 5.7 - 8.8 8.8 - 11.1 > 11.1 Total

355.00 - 5.00 3.3 0.6 1.0 0.3 0 0 5.25.00 - 15.00 2.6 0.4 0.3 0 0 0 3.3

15.00 - 25.00 2.0 0 0.4 0 0 0 2.425.00 - 35.00 0.9 0 0 0.1 0 0 1.035.00 - 45.00 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.145.00 - 55.00 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0.155.00 - 65.00 0.4 0.1 0 0 0 0 0.565.00 - 75.00 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 0.975.00 - 85.00 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0.785.00 - 95.00 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0.495.00 - 105.00 1.0 0.3 0 0 0 0 1.3

105.00 - 115.00 1.0 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 1.6115.00 - 125.00 2.7 0.7 0.6 0.1 0 0.1 4.2125.00 - 135.00 2.0 0.6 0.7 0.2 0 0 3.5135.00 - 145.00 2.8 0.3 0.1 0 0 0 3.2145.00 - 155.00 2.4 0. 1 0.1 0 0 0 2.6155.00 - 165.00 1.6 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 1.8165.00 - 175.00 1.6 0 0.1 0 0 0 1.7175.00 - 185.00 1.3 0.2 0 0 0 0 1.5185.00 - 195.00 1.9 0 0 0 0 0 1.9195.00 - 205.00 0.6 0 0 0 0 0 0.6205.00 - 215.00 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 0.7215.00 - 225.00 2.6 0 0 0 0 0 2.6225.00 - 235.00 2.7 0 0.1 0 0 0 2.8235.00 - 245.00 2.9 0 0 0 0 0 2.9245.00 - 255.00 2.6 0.9 0 0 0 0 3.5255.00 - 265.00 2.2 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 2.6265.00 - 275.00 1.8 0.2 0 0 0 0 2.0275.00 - 285.00 3.0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0285.00 - 295.00 3.0 0.6 0.4 0 0 0 4.0295.00 - 305.00 3.3 0.4 0 0 0 0 3.7305.00 - 315.00 3.8 0.6 0 0 0 0 4.4315.00 - 325.00 3.4 0.4 0.5 0.2 0 0 4.5325.00 - 335.00 3.7 1.4 1.4 0.2 0 0 6.7335.00 - 345.00 3.9 1.1 1.1 0.3 0 0 6.4345.00 - 355.00 5.1 0.3 1.0 0.6 0 0 7.0

Sub-Total: 75 9.7 8.5 2.0 0 0.1 95.3Calm Winds: 4.7TOTAL 100



FIG.3.2.1. WIND ROSE PATTERN AT PROJECT SITE



3.2.3. DESCRIPTION OF AIR MONITORING LOCATIONS

The ambient air quality monitoring stations and their location and bearing with respect to the

project site are given in Table 3.2.2.

1.0 CORE ZONE (Existing Project Site): This location represents the core zone and was selected to

assess the ambient air quality levels at the existing project site for proposed Expansion capacity.

2.0 KANNAWAN: This location is about 1.0 Km from the core zone in the NW direction. The station

was selected to determine ambient air quality levels of Up wind direction.

3.0 kUNDANGANJ: This location is about 3.0 Km from the core zone in the S direction. The station

was selected to determine ambient air quality levels of down wind.

4.0 BACHHRANWAN: This location is 5.0 Km from the core zone in the N direction. The station

was selected to determine ambient air quality levels of upwind wind direction.

5.0 KHAIRHANI: This location is less than 1.0 Km from the core zone in the SW direction. The

station was selected to determine ambient air quality levels of nearest village from project site down

wind side.

6.0 HARDOI: This location is about 3.5 Km from the core zone in the E direction. The station was

selected to determine ambient air quality levels of cross wind direction.

7.0 THULANDI: This location is about 3.0 Km from the core zone in the NE direction. The station

was selected to determine the cross sectional distribution of ambient air quality levels of upwind

direction.

8.0 JOWASHARKI: This location is about 5.5 km from the core zone in the SW direction. The

Station was selected to determine present air quality of Down wind direction.



3.2.2. EXISTING AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

TABLE 3.2.2. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS LOCATION

S. No LocationLocation

CodeDirection wrt Project Site Distence KM Cordinats

1 Project Site A1 --- ---26˚ 25’45.2” N81˚ 07’ 47.5” E

2Kannawan

A2 NW 1.0026˚ 43’ 63.91” N81˚ 11’ 87.55” E

3 Kundanganj A3 S 4.0026˚ 39’ 73.03” N81˚ 13’ 77.02” E

4 Bachharawan A4 N 3.526˚ 47’ 10.33” N81˚ 11’ 27.11” E

5 Khairhani A5 S 1.026˚ 40’ 85.42” N81˚ 12’ 25.75” E

6 Hardoi A6 E 5.526˚ 41’ 10.40” N81˚ 18’ 33.43” E

7 Thulandi A7 NE 3.026˚ 45’ 12.37” N81˚ 15’ 05.99” E

8 Jowasharki A8 SW 5.526˚ 37’ 46.24” N81˚ 09’ 96.58” E



Table : 3.2.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA AT PROJECT SITE

Location Project Site Sampling Period: April to June 2016Limits 100µg/M3 60 µg/M3 80 µg/M3 80 µg/M3

Date PM10 PM2.5 SO2 Nox

8/04/2016 69 25 15.0 22.510/04/2016 64 21 14.5 22.514/04/2016 69 23 15.5 22.016/04/2016 65 21 14.5 22.520/04/2016 67 25 16.0 21.522/04/2016 64 23 14.5 22.027/04/2016 71 25 15.0 22.529/04/2016 72 27 15.5 22.0

2/05/2016 66 22 13.5 21.54/05/2016 58 18 14.5 21.59/05/2016 66 21 15.0 21.0

11/05/2016 69 25 15.0 20.518/05/2016 57 19 14.0 21.520/05/2016 56 19 12.5 2125/05/2016 60 21 12.5 20.527/05/2016 57 17 14.5 21.56/06/2016 64 21 15.0 21.58/06/2016 62 21 14.5 21.0

14/06/2016 63 19 14.5 21.516/06/2016 55 15 15.5 20.521/06/2016 59 18 15.0 21.523/06/2016 64 25 15.5 21.527/06/2016 65 22 13.5 20.528/06/2016 63 24 14.5 21.5Minimum 55 15 12.5 20.5

Maximum 72 27 16.0 22.5

Average 63.54 21.54 14.58 21..5

98 percentile 72 27 16 22.5



Table : 3.2.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA AT Kannawan

Location Kannawan Sampling Period: April to June 2016Limits 100µg/M3 60 µg/M3 80 µg/M3 80 µg/M3


8/04/2016 65 21 10.5 1110/04/2016 61 19 10 11.514/04/2016 64 21 9.0 1216/04/2016 66 21 9.5 1120/04/2016 62 20 10 10.522/04/2016 64 21 10.5 1127/04/2016 61 20 10 9.529/04/2016 63 23 9.5 11.5

2/05/2016 60 24 10 11.54/05/2016 58 17 9.5 119/05/2016 64 23 9.0 10

11/05/2016 55 18 9.5 10.518/05/2016 56 17 10 11.520/05/2016 58 19 9.5 1225/05/2016 65 25 9.5 1227/05/2016 54 16 10.0 11.56/06/2016 56 18 10.5 11.58/06/2016 62 20 9.0 12

14/06/2016 63 22 9.0 1116/06/2016 55 16 8.5 1221/06/2016 55 17 9.0 10.523/06/2016 53 15 9.0 1027/06/2016 56 20 9.5 10.528/06/2016 58 18 9.5 11.5Minimum 53 15 8.5 9.5

Maximum 66 25 10.5 12

Average 59.75 19.63 9.58 11.13

98 percentile 66 25 10.5 12



Table : 3.2.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA AT KUNDAN GANJ

Location Kundanganj Sampling Period: April to June 2016Limits 100µg/M3 60 µg/M3 80 µg/M3 80 µg/M3


8/04/2016 71 31 16.0 21.010/04/2016 73 33 15.0 19.514/04/2016 73 32 15.5 18.516/04/2016 72 29 14.5 18.020/04/2016 69 27 15.0 18.022/04/2016 68 29 17.0 19.527/04/2016 70 30 17.5 20.029/04/2016 71 30 18.0 21.5

2/05/2016 71 31 17.5 20.54/05/2016 68 26 18.5 20.59/05/2016 67 28 18.0 20.0

11/05/2016 67 26 17.0 19.518/05/2016 66 25 18.5 21.520/05/2016 65 25 17.0 20.025/05/2016 68 27 17.5 20.527/05/2016 69 29 16.0 21.06/06/2016 71 30 16.0 21.58/06/2016 70 29 16.5 21.0

14/06/2016 68 27 18.0 22.016/06/2016 69 27 18.0 22.521/06/2016 71 29 18.5 23.023/06/2016 73 32 18.0 22.527/06/2016 72 31 18.5 22.528/06/2016 69 29 17.0 21.5Minimum 65 25 14.5 18

Maximum 73 33 18.5 23

Average 69.63 28.83 17 20.67

98 percentile 73 33 18.5 23



Table : 3.2.6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA AT BACHHARAWAN

Location Bachhrawan Sampling Period: April to June 2016Limits 100µg/M3 60 µg/M3 80 µg/M3 80 µg/M3


8/04/2016 72 32 16.5 23.010/04/2016 75 35 17.0 24.514/04/2016 71 31 16.0 23.516/04/2016 69 29 17.5 24.020/04/2016 68 29 19.5 25.022/04/2016 71 31 20.5 25.527/04/2016 73 34 17.0 22.029/04/2016 74 35 19.0 22.5

2/05/2016 72 32 19.5 21.54/05/2016 69 28 19.0 22.59/05/2016 71 30 21 26.0

11/05/2016 68 27 20.5 25.518/05/2016 67 29 21 26.520/05/2016 69 29 19.5 23.025/05/2016 71 32 19.5 23.527/05/2016 72 33 17.0 22.56/06/2016 74 36 16.5 21.58/06/2016 72 33 17.5 23.0

14/06/2016 69 29 19.0 25.516/06/2016 67 28 18.0 23.521/06/2016 69 31 17.5 23.023/06/2016 72 34 19.0 25.527/06/2016 76 37 20.5 26.528/06/2016 74 35 21 25.5Minimum 67 27 16 21.5

Maximum 76 37 21 26.5

Average 71 19 18.71 23.96

98 percentile 76 37 21 26.5



Table : 3.2.7 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA AT KHAIRHANI

Location khairhani Sampling Period: April to June 2016Limits 100µg/M3 60 µg/M3 80 µg/M3 80 µg/M3


8/04/2016 65 21 13.5 16.510/04/2016 62 19 14.0 15.514/04/2016 62 20 13.5 14.016/04/2016 64 19 14.0 14.520/04/2016 64 19 14.0 13.522/04/2016 61 18 13.5 14.527/04/2016 62 20 14.0 15.029/04/2016 58 17 13.5 14.5

2/05/2016 55 18 12.5 13.54/05/2016 56 17 13.0 14.09/05/2016 54 16 14.5 15.0

11/05/2016 61 19 12.0 14.018/05/2016 58 17 11.0 15.520/05/2016 55 17 10.5 13.525/05/2016 59 18 11.5 14.027/05/2016 55 17 11 15.06/06/2016 57 16 10.5 14.58/06/2016 52 15 11.5 13.5

14/06/2016 53 15 11.0 14.016/06/2016 56 16 10.5 15.521/06/2016 55 15 11 16.023/06/2016 59 18 11.5 15.027/06/2016 56 17 12.5 15.528/06/2016 59 19 12.0 16.0Minimum 52 15 10.5 13.5

Maximum 65 21 14.5 16.5

Average 58.25 17.63 12.35 14.69

98 percentile 65 21 14.5 16.5



Table : 3.2.8 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA AT HARDOI

Location Hardoi Sampling Period: April to June 2016Limits 100µg/M3 60 µg/M3 80 µg/M3 80 µg/M3


8/04/2016 67 26 11.5 12.510/04/2016 65 23 11.0 12.514/04/2016 66 25 10.0 11.516/04/2016 64 23 10.5 12.020/04/2016 63 22 10.0 11.522/04/2016 65 23 11.5 10.027/04/2016 62 20 11.0 10.529/04/2016 62 21 10.5 11.5

2/05/2016 61 20 9.5 12.54/05/2016 60 18 10.5 11.59/05/2016 62 21 10.0 11.0

11/05/2016 60 19 10.5 11.518/05/2016 59 18 11.0 12.520/05/2016 61 17 10.0 13.025/05/2016 62 18 10.5 12.527/05/2016 62 18 9.5 12.56/06/2016 60 19 10.5 11.08/06/2016 63 19 9.5 12.5

14/06/2016 65 21 10.0 11.516/06/2016 64 21 9.5 10.521/06/2016 61 18 10.0 11.523/06/2016 60 17 10.5 12.027/06/2016 59 18 11.5 10.528/06/2016 61 19 11.0 11.5Minimum 59 17 9.5 10

Maximum 67 26 11.5 13

Average 62.25 20.17 10.42 11.67

98 percentile 67 26 11.5 13



Table : 3.2.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA AT THULENDI

Location Thulendi Sampling Period: April to June 2016Limits 100µg/M3 60 µg/M3 80 µg/M3 80 µg/M3


8/04/2016 62 22 11.5 12.510/04/2016 63 23 11.0 11.514/04/2016 62 22 10.0 12.016/04/2016 65 24 10.5 11.520/04/2016 64 23 11 11.522/04/2016 62 21 11.5 11.027/04/2016 63 22 10.5 10.529/04/2016 62 22 10.5 11.5

2/05/2016 62 21 11.5 12.54/05/2016 59 21 11.0 12.09/05/2016 63 22 9.5 11.0

11/05/2016 58 19 10.0 10.518/05/2016 59 20 10.5 10.520/05/2016 58 18 11.0 10.025/05/2016 62 23 10.5 11.027/05/2016 58 18 10.0 12.56/06/2016 57 17 9.5 11.58/06/2016 59 20 10.0 12.5

14/06/2016 61 21 11.0 12.016/06/2016 63 21 11.5 11.521/06/2016 65 23 11.0 10.523/06/2016 66 24 10.0 10.027/06/2016 64 21 10.5 10.528/06/2016 62 19 11.0 11.0Minimum 57 17 9.5 10

Maximum 66 25 11.5 12.5

Average 61.5 20.88 10.52 11.27

98 percentile 66 25 11.5 12.5



Table : 3.2.10 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY DATA AT JOWASHARKI

Location Jowasharki Sampling Period: April to June 2016Limits 100µg/M3 60 µg/M3 80 µg/M3 80 µg/M3


8/04/2016 63 23 11.0 12.510/04/2016 62 21 10.5 12.514/04/2016 65 23 10.0 11.516/04/2016 64 22 10.5 12.020/04/2016 65 24 10.0 11.522/04/2016 63 22 9.5 12.027/04/2016 62 21 10.5 10.529/04/2016 61 22 10.5 10.5

2/05/2016 62 23 11 11.04/05/2016 60 21 10.5 11.59/05/2016 59 21 9.5 10.5

11/05/2016 58 19 10.0 10.018/05/2016 59 18 10.0 11.020/05/2016 60 18 10.5 11.525/05/2016 62 21 10.5 12.027/05/2016 59 17 10.0 11.06/06/2016 61 19 9.5 10.58/06/2016 62 22 9.5 11.0

14/06/2016 61 21 10.0 11.516/06/2016 59 20 9.5 12.521/06/2016 59 18 10.0 11.523/06/2016 58 19 11.0 11.027/06/2016 60 18 10.5 12.528/06/2016 61 19 11.5 12.0Minimum 58 17 9.5 10

Maximum 65 24 11.5 12.5

Average 61 20.5 10.25 11.42

98 percentile 65 24 11.5 12.5



Table 3.2.11.

Chemical characterization of RSPM is as followingElements Ca Mg Fe Al Na K Mn As Cr Cd Ni Zn Cu Co Pb HgConcentration(in μg/m3)

15 3.8 7.5 2.1 6.5 0.09 6.8 BDL BDL BDL BDL 2.8 0.8 BDL BDL BDL

NAAQStandard(in μg/m3)

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.006 -- -- 0.02 -- -- -- 1.0 --

3.2.12 EXISTING ASBESTOS FIBRE COUNT STATUS

With in the study area present status of asbestos fibre count monitoring was undertaken and the

results is shown in table 3.2.11.

TABLE 3.2.12 FIBROUS DUST CONCENTRATION------------------------------------------------------------Sample Location Static/ Time Fibrous Dust con-No personal centration f/cc------------------------------------------------------------1. Project Site static 60 min 0.0092. Kannawan static 60 min Nil3. Kundan ganj static 40 min 0.0074. Bachharawan static 40 min 0.0105. Khairhani static 40 min 0.0066. Hardoi static 40 min NIL7. Thulendi static 40 min NIL8. Jowasharki static 60 min NIL------------------------------------------------------------

3.2.4.1 OBSERVATION: All Locations results are falling with in the limits of standards norms of

National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring standards (NAAQMS). Ambient air fibre count values also

are falling within the norms of MOEF &CC and BIS standards.



Fig. 3.2.2.Ambient Air Monitoring Location:

-PROJECT LOCATION

A1 - PROJECT SITEA2 - KANNAWANA3 - KUNDAN GANJA4 - BACHHARAWANA5 - KHAIRHANIA6 - HARDOIA7 - THULENDIA8 - JOWASHARKI

A1A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8



3.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency.

Noise in general is sound which is composed of many frequency components of

various loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Various noise scales

have been introduced to describe, in a single number, the response of an average

human being to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different

loudness levels. The most common and heavily favored of these scale is the A

weighted decibel (dBA). This scale has been designed to weigh the various components

of noise according to the response of the human ear.

The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on: Characteristics

of the noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in nature). It is well

known that a steady noise is not as annoying as one, that is continuously varying in

loudness.

The time of day at which noise occurs, for example loud noise levels at night in

residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance. The location of the

noise source, with respect to noise sensitive land use, which determines the loudness

and period of noise exposure. The environmental impact of noise can have several

effects varying from Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on

loudness of noise levels. The existing status of noise levels within the study zone, a

primary requirement of impact assessment studies, has been undertaken through

identification of existing noise sources and monitoring of baseline noise levels.

The project site is situated about 55 km from Lucknow. The nearest railway station is at

Bachharawan which is about 3.5 km from the project site. State Highway No. 36 from

Lucknow to Raebareli passes about <1.0 km away from the proposed project site on the

East direction. More Trucks and cars are expected to add to the main noise generated

by process operations and machinery of the increased production.



3.3.1 COMMUNITY NOISE

The ambient noise level is characterized by significant variations above a base or a

residual noise level. The residual noise level is that level below which the ambient

noise does not seem to drop during a given time interval and is generally caused by

unidentified distant sources. It differs in rural and urban areas. At night its level is low

due to fewer noise events. The annoyance that people experience depends upon the

number of noise events that occur during a time interval. A noise rating development

by United States Environmental protection Agency (USEPA) for specification of

community noise from all sources is the day night sound level, Ldn it is similar to a 24

hours equivalent sound level except that during the night time period, which extends

from 10.00 p.m. to 7.00a.m., a 10 dBA weighting penalty is added to account for the

fact that noise at night when people are trying to sleep is judged more annoying than

the same noise during the day time. The Ldn for a given location in a community is

calculated from an hourly equivalent sound level during day time (Ld) and during night

time (Ln).

3.3.2. EXISTING NOISE LEVELS

An assessment of equivalent day-night levels in and around 10 km radius from the

core zone reveal that noise levels which can be assumed to be the existing baseline

status. Due to proposed plant may not have any impact on either present noise level

status. Noise levels within the periphery of 5 km radius from the core zone excluding

the above locations which are attributed to the domestic and vehicular activities.

These results indicate that the existing status of the study zone are within the

community acceptable noise levels (Ldn of 50-60 dBA). The locations distanced 5-10

km from the core.

During the study period Noise Level Monitored for the 24 hrs once at 12 Location.

Details of Noise monitoring location locations were identified for assessment of existing



noise level status, keeping in view the land use pattern, residential areas in villages,

schools, bus stands, etc., the day levels of noise have been monitored during 6 AM to 10

PM and the night levels during 10 PM to 6 AM. The noise monitoring stations along with

distance from project Given in the Table 3.3.1.

Trend of public reaction to peak noise near residences

DBA 90 -------- Local committee activity withinfluential or legal action

--------Petition of protest

80 --------Letters of protest,complaints possible

--------

70 -------- Complaints possible--------

Complaints rare60 --------

Acceptance

50 --------

TABLE 3.3.1. AMBIENT NOISE MONITORING STATIONS LOCATION



1 Project Site N1 --- ---26˚ 25’45.2” N81˚ 07’ 47.5” E

2Kannawan

N2 NW 1.0026˚ 43’ 63.91” N81˚ 11’ 87.55” E

3 Kundanganj N3 S 4.0026˚ 39’ 73.03” N81˚ 13’ 77.02” E

4 Bachharawan N4 N 3.526˚ 47’ 10.33” N81˚ 11’ 27.11” E

5 Khairhani N5 S 1.026˚ 40’ 85.42” N81˚ 12’ 25.75” E

6 Hardoi N6 E 5.526˚ 41’ 10.40” N81˚ 18’ 33.43” E

7 Thulandi N7 NE 3.026˚ 45’ 12.37” N81˚ 15’ 05.99” E

8 Jowasharki N8 SW 5.526˚ 37’ 46.24” N81˚ 09’ 96.58” E



TABLE 3.3.2 EXISTING NOISE LEVELS

S No LocationEquivalent Noise Level (dBA)

Day Night Day-Night1 Project Site Centre 63 58 65.52 Project Site East 58 54 663 Project Site South 55 52 58.54 Project Site West 57 51 545 Project Site North 65 56 60.56 Kannawan 53 45 55.47 Kundanganj 64 53 63.58 Bachharawan 65 57 669 Khairhani 60 54 62

10 Hardoi 55 47 5611 Thulandi 54 49 56.512 Jowasharki 52 48 55

3.3.2.1 NOISE LEVEL OBSERVATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA

On the basis of above Noise level Data it is found that the noise value of the Village

Baccharawan seems to be slightly close to the standards values due to the Vehicular

movement.

In ruralareas The major cause of excess noise are Wind, and chirping of birds contribute

more at Evening time.

The Leq during Day time at Kannwan is 53 dB(A)maximum. At Kundanganj Village is

64 dB(A) Minimum.

Night Time Leq at Kannwan is 45 dB(A) maximum. All the Above observation are fall

well within the Prescribed Noise Standard By CPCB.



Table. 3.3.3. Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of Noise

Area Code Category of Area / Zone Limits in dB(A) Leq*Day Time Night Time

A Industrial area 75 70B Commercial area 65 55C Residential area 55 45D Silence Zone 50 40

Note:-1. Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.

2. Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.

3. Silence zone is an area comprising not less than 100 metres around hospitals,

educational institutions, courts, religious places or any other area which is declared as

such by the competent authority

4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above mentioned

categories by the competent authority.

* dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale

A which is relatable to human hearing.

A “decibel” is a unit in which noise is measured.

“A”, in dB(A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise and

corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear.

Leq: It is an energy mean of the noise level over a specified period.



Fig. 3.3.1.Ambient Noise Monitoring Location:

-PROJECT LOCATION

N1 - PROJECT SITEN2 - KANNAWANN3 - KUNDAN GANJN4 - BACHHARAWANN5 - KHAIRHANIN6 - HARDOIN7 - THULENDIN8 - JOWASHARKI

N1N2

N3

N4

N5

N6

N7

N8



3.4. WATER ENVIRONMENT

Studies on Water Environment aspects of ecosystem is important for Environmental Impact

Assessment to identify sensitive issues and take appropriate action by maintaining ecological

homeostatis in the early stages of development of the project. The objective of this report is to

define the present environment in which the proposed increased production capacity action is to

occur, to evaluate all possible eventualities, to ensure that all the negative impacts are minimized,

and to demonstrate that the proposed project has been appropriately announced to all interested

parties to give due consideration to their concerns.

The principle source of water, whether surface or ground water, is precipitation. Rainfall thus

assumes significance and is the single most important factor which controls the water availability

of the area. The area where the VIL unit is receives rainfall mainly from SW and NE monsoon.

The average rainfall in the area is 700 to 900 mm. Precipitation in the area takes place during the

SW monsoon period of July-September with nominal precipitation in Summer (March-June).

The water resources in the study area may be classified into two major categories.

1. Surface water resource

2. Ground water resource

Both surface and ground water resources are ample in the study area. The state authorities have also

provided tap water system and tube wells fitted with hand pump for the drinking water. 8 Ground

water and 4 surface water samples were analyzed.

SURFACE WATER RESOURCE

Kannawan minor drain flows on the western side of the project site about 1 km of the projects area

from Bacchrawan distrubutary canal to Khairhani. One Sharda Feeder canal flows from North to

South on the East side of the project around 6 km. near Hordai village sample was collected from this

canal. There are other few ponds which cater to the need of the villages. It has been observed that



these ponds are rich in aquatic growth and are generally used for washing of cattle and clothes. But

due summer season One pond water i.e.

GROUND WATER RESOURCES

Ground Water resources is ample in the study area. Every village has a few of the traditional wells,

large and small. The state authorities have also provided tube wells fitted with hand pump for the

drinking water requirements of villages in the study area. Presently the drinking water needs are

met from the protected water supply schemes.

3.4.1 WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT

The water quality assessment of the surface (canal and pond) and ground water (tubewells) sources

was carried out of assess the water quality impacts. Sampling locations for assessment of water

quality are shown in Fig. 3.4.1 & 3.4.2. and the details of the sampling points are given in Table

3.4.1.

3.4.1.1. PHYSICO - CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Selected Physico-chemical and biological parameters have been studied for projecting the pre-project

water quality status in and around the core zone. To determine the water quality individual samples

were collected from each station and analysed for parameters such as Hardness, Alkalinity,

Conductivity, nutrient demand, inorganic substance, heavy metals etc. The water quality data are

given in Tables 3.4.2 -3.4.5

3.4.2 WATER BALANCE

Additional Water required for proposed expansion project will be met by existing bore wells. r

Existing and increased capacity of the production no additional bore wells are required.

This includes Make-up water for Process, curing and for domestic water.



WATER CONSYUMPTION in KLD

PURPOSE EXISTING PROPOSED

Phase 1 Phase 2 TOTAL

Process 110 KLD 35 KLD 150 KLD 295

Cure & cool 005 KLD 05 KLD 010 KLD 020

Domestic 015 KLD 15 KLD 020 KLD 050

Gardening 010 KLD 10 KLD 015 KLD 035

Total 140 KLD 65 KLD 195 KLD 400

TABLE 3.4.1. GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS



1 Project Site GW1 --- ---26˚ 25’45.2” N81˚ 07’ 47.5” E

2Kannawan

GW2 NW 1.0026˚ 43’ 63.91” N81˚ 11’ 87.55” E

3 Kundanganj GW3 S 4.0026˚ 39’ 73.03” N81˚ 13’ 77.02” E

4 Bachharawan GW4 N 3.526˚ 47’ 10.33” N81˚ 11’ 27.11” E

5 Khairhani GW5 S 1.026˚ 40’ 85.42” N81˚ 12’ 25.75” E

6 Hardoi GW6 E 5.526˚ 41’ 10.40” N81˚ 18’ 33.43” E

7 Thulandi GW7 NE 3.026˚ 45’ 12.37” N81˚ 15’ 05.99” E

8 Jowasharki GW8 SW 5.526˚ 37’ 46.24” N81˚ 09’ 96.58” E

Table 3.4.2. Surface Water sampling location


CodeDirection wrt Project Site Distance KM

1 NEAR PROJECT SITE (dhoba jhil pond) SW1 E <1.0 kmKANNAWAN Minor Drain

2 At Khannwan (Up Stream) SW2 NW 1.0 km3 At khairhani (Down Stream) SW3 S 1.0 km4 HARDOI (Sharda Feeder Canal) SW4 SE 5.5 km5 JOWASHARKI (pond) SW5 SW 5.5 km



Table 3.4.3. Ground Water Analysis report

Sno Parameter Units GW 1 GW 2 GW 3 GW 4

1 pH --- 7.47 7.35 7.24 7.28

2 Temperature ( C) ˚C 29 29 29 29

3 Turbidity (NTU) NTU <5 <5 <5 <5

4 Specific conductance Ms/cm 1271 1254 1243 1251

5 Total Solids Mg/L 1023 975 982 1014

6 Total Dissolved Solids Mg/L 936 897 914 945

7 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 Mg/L 430 412 425 407

8 Total Hardness as CaCO3 Mg/L 457 435 462 424

9 Calcium as CaCO3 Mg/L 325 314 321 311

10 Magnesium as CaCO3 Mg/L 122 121 141 113

11 Chlorides as Cl Mg/L 98 95 106 102

12 Sulphates as SO4 Mg/L 275 286 292 281

13 Nitrates as NO2 Mg/L 0.65 0.83 0.72 0.67

14 Sodium as Na Mg/L 142 146 131 94

15 Potassium as K Mg/L 24.5 23.5 22 24

16 Fluoride as F Mg/L 0.91 0.87 0.86 0.89

17 Arsenic as As Mg/L < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.00218 Selenium as Se Mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.00519 Cadmium as Cd Mg/L < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.00220 Copper as Cu Mg/L 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.01221 Lead as Pb Mg/L < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.0322 Zinc as Zn Mg/L 0.016 0.018 0.015 0.01323 Mercury as Hg Mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.00524 Chromium as Cr Mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.00525 Iron as Fe Mg/L 0.021 0.018 0.015 0.015

26 Total Nitrogen Mg/L 1.54 1.12 1.24 1.31

27 Total phosphorous Mg/L 0.25 0.18 0.12 0.14

28 Manganese as Mn Mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.00529 Cyanide as CN Mg/L NIL NIL NIL NIL30 Free Residual Chlorine Mg/L 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.2

31 Dissolved Oxygen Mg/L Nil Nil Nil Nil



Table 3.4.4. Ground Water Analysis report

Sno Parameter Units GW 5 GW 6 GW 7 GW 8

1 pH --- 7.53 7.48 7.42 7.29

2 Temperature ( C) ˚C 29 29 29 29

3 Turbidity (NTU) NTU <5 <5 <5 <5

4 Specific conductance Ms/cm 1267 1245 1231 1256

5 Total Solids Mg/L 1015 962 973 1018

6 Total Dissolved Solids Mg/L 952 917 923 957

7 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 Mg/L 429 418 422 414

8 Total Hardness as CaCO3 Mg/L 464 471 461 476

9 Calcium as CaCO3 Mg/L 331 326 329 324

10 Magnesium as CaCO3 Mg/L 133 145 132 152

11 Chlorides as Cl Mg/L 113 104 114 110

12 Sulphates as SO4 Mg/L 281 279 268 278

13 Nitrates as NO2 Mg/L 0.78 0.74 0.68 0.69

14 Sodium as Na Mg/L 147 143 136 124

15 Potassium as K Mg/L 27 24 26 28

16 Fluoride as F Mg/L 0.93 0.85 0.89 0.85

17 Arsenic as As Mg/L < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002

18 Selenium as Se Mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005

19 Cadmium as Cd Mg/L < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002

20 Copper as Cu Mg/L 0.015 0.013 0.012 0.012

21 Lead as Pb Mg/L < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03

22 Zinc as Zn Mg/L 0.019 0.016 0.075 0.016

23 Mercury as Hg Mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005

24 Chromium as Cr Mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005

25 Iron as Fe Mg/L 0.019 0.017 0.018 0.019

26 Total Nitrogen Mg/L 1.58 1.23 1.28 1.27

27 Total phosphorous Mg/L 0.27 0.24 0.18 0.15

28 Manganese as Mn Mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005

29 Cyanide as CN Mg/L NIL NIL NIL NIL

30 Free Residual Chlorine Mg/L 6.3 6.1 6.4 6.1

31 Dissolved Oxygen Mg/L Nil Nil Nil Nil



Fig: 3.4.1.Ground water Sampling locations

-PROJECT LOCATION

GW1 - PROJECT SITEGW2 - KANNAWANGW3 - KUNDAN GANJGW4 - BACHHARAWANGW5 - KHAIRHANIGW6 - HARDOIGW7 - THULENDIGW8 - JOWASHARKI

GW1GW2

GW3

GW4

GW5

GW6

GW7

GW8



Table : 3.4.5. SURFACE WATER SAMLES ANALYSIS REPORT

Parameter SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 Sw5

pH --- 7.8 7.7 7.1 7.3Temperature ( C) ˚C 27 29 29 34Turbidity (NTU) NTU 12 11 8 8Specific conductance s/cm 1181 1124 512 --Total Solids mg/l 748 814 326 342Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 685 768 278 281Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 226 275 212 226Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 187 254 158 166Calcium as CaCO3 mg/l 106 161 95 104Magnesium as CaCO3 mg/l 81 93 63 74Chlorides as Cl mg/l 112 125 78 86Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 46 106 34 44Nitrates as NO2 mg/l 3.7 5.2 2.1 2.2Sodium as Na mg/l 88 114 41 46Potassium as K mg/l 4 4 2 3Fluoride as F mg/l 0.91 0.87 0.86 0.89Arsenic as As mg/l < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002

Selenium as Se mg/l < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005

Cadmium as Cd mg/l < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002

Copper as Cu mg/l 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.012

Lead as Pb mg/l < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.016 0.018 0.015 0.013Mercury as Hg mg/l < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005Chromium as Cr mg/l < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005Iron as Fe mg/l 0.021 0.018 0.015 0.015Total Nitrogen mg/l 1.54 1.12 1.24 1.31Total phosphorous mg/l 0.25 0.18 0.12 0.14Manganese as Mn mg/l < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005Free Residual Chlorine mg/l NIL NIL NIL NILDissolved Oxygen mg/l 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.2BOD mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil



Fig: 3.4.2. Surface water Sampling locations

-PROJECT LOCATION

SW1 - NEAR PROJECT SITE (dhoba jhil pond)SW2 - KANNAWAN (drain up stream)SW3 - KANNAWAN (drain down stream)SW4 - HARDOI (Sharda Feeder Canal)SW5 - JOWASHARKI (pond)

SW1SW2

SW3SW4

SW5


PARYAVARAN LABS (INDIA) LTD 71

Drainage of the project upto 5km radius of study area



3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Studies on land and biological aspects of ecosystem is important for environment impact

assessment to identify sensitive issues and take appropriate action by maintaining

ecological homeostasis in the early stages of development of the increased productive

capacity of project. The objective of this report is to define the present environment in

which the proposed action is to occur to evaluate all possible eventualities, to ensure that

the proposed increased productive capacity has been appropriately announced to all

interested parties so that their concerns can be considered.

PHYSICAL SETTING:

The climate, geology, soil and irrigation have been described since they have direct or

indirect effects on vegetation.

3.5.1 METHODOLOGY

For Land Environment studies 8 villages were selected for physico_chemical and

biological parameters of soil. Location of selected sampling sites at different villages and

their distance from core zone is given in Table 3.5.1 and Fig 3.5.1 Meticulous attention

was paid to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for analysis and packing

samples in dependable, water proof containers and marking the samples accurately and

distinctly and brought to the laboratory for chemical analysis. A preliminary

reconnaissance was made to get a general picture of the flora and fauna. Fresh plant

species were collected from field by trained biologists and later identified. Tentative fauna

is noted with the help of local information and personal assessment. At times professional

judgment was used to overcome the field deficiency.

SOIL ANALYSIS

For land environment studies 8 villages were selected to understand the physico-chemicals

and biological properties of the soil. The major soils of this area may be categorized into

Alluvial soils comprising sandy loams to silty loams. Physico-chemical properties of soils



(Texture, infiltration, Cation Exchange Capacity, organic matter and moisture), studied

for impact Identification. In this area, soil is predominantly sandy and silty in nature. The

moisture content is generally higher in all areas. The porosity (water holding capacity in

soil) is generally high due to presence clayey soil in larger quantities. On the basis of

chemical properties, soil is slightly alkaline in nature with pH ranging between 7.1. to 8.0.

TABLE 3.4.1. GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS



1 Project Site S1 --- ---26˚ 25’45.2” N81˚ 07’ 47.5” E

2Kannawan

S2 NW 1.0026˚ 43’ 63.91” N81˚ 11’ 87.55” E

3 Kundanganj S3 S 4.0026˚ 39’ 73.03” N81˚ 13’ 77.02” E

4 Bachharawan S4 N 3.526˚ 47’ 10.33” N81˚ 11’ 27.11” E

5 Khairhani S5 S 1.026˚ 40’ 85.42” N81˚ 12’ 25.75” E

6 Hardoi S6 E 5.526˚ 41’ 10.40” N81˚ 18’ 33.43” E

7 Thulandi S7 NE 3.026˚ 45’ 12.37” N81˚ 15’ 05.99” E

8 Jowasharki S8 SW 5.526˚ 37’ 46.24” N81˚ 09’ 96.58” E



Table : 3.5.2. Soil Characteristics

ParameterLocations

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8Bulk Density g/cm3 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5Infiltration rate mm/hr 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8pH 7.45 7.56 7.67 7.42 7.39 7.43 7.52 7.57

Soil Type Siltyloam

Siltyloam

Siltyloam

Siltyloam

Siltyloam

Siltyloam

Siltyloam

Siltyloam

Nitrogen N 1.6 1.2 0.95 1.4 1.1 1.3 0.93 0.97Magnesium Mg 82 79 81 77 84 86 76 78Sodium Na 65 54 48 56 52 49 51 53Potassium K 29 36 27 33 31 34 27 25Available Phosphorous asP2O5 17 12 15 11 17 12 14 16

Manganese Mn < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001Zinc Zn < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001Lead Pb < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001



Fig. 3.5.1. Soil Sampling Location on Topo Map-PROJECT LOCATION

S1 - PROJECT SITES2 - KANNAWANS3 - KUNDAN GANJS4 - BACHHARAWANS5 - KHAIRHANIS6 - HARDOIS7 - THULENDIS8- JOWASHARKI

S 1S 2

S 3

S 4

S 5

S 6

S 7

S 8



3.5.2 ECOSYSTEM

FLORA & FAUNA

Scope of work for this study is in line with the Terms of Reference (TOR) which

include identification of ecologically sensitive receptors based on literature survey

and field investigations, prediction of impacts and their mitigation with conservation

action plan. The study was carried out in core area (project site) and in buffer area i.e.

10.0 km periphery from the project site in a scientific manner and ecological

pursuance using primary and secondary data. Biological assessment of the site was

done to identify ecologically sensitive areas and to identify the presence of any Rare

or Endangered or Endemic or Threatened (REET) species of flora or fauna in the

study area. The main aim of Conservation of Biodiversity is to ensure “No Net Loss”.

Methodology: The study area was analyzed with GIS tools and marked around 8

sampling points by covering the various ecosystems of core and buffer zones in all

the directions. A reconnaissance survey has been made randomly to observe the

ecologically sensitive habitats. General Interviews were made with local people on

native animals and medicinal plants used frequently.

Flora and fauna studies were carried out during summer season to assess the list of

terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity occur in the core and buffer zone of project site.

Only photographs were taken during the field survey and no damage is created to

flora and fauna during the data collection.

Survey Types used:

1. Reconnaissance survey (Near Agricultural, Human habitations and Road side)

2. Quadrate and Line transact method for trees, shrubs and herbs

3. Belt transect method for certain faunal species and road side trees

4. Point count method for birds



5. Direct and indirect evidences for other faunal species

Equipment / Instruments deployed

Digital Camera (NIKON 42 X zoom)

GPS

Binoculars

Field observation book etc

Flora: Quadrate method has been used for carryout the study of trees, shrubs, herbs

and grasses. 20 m X 20 m Quadrates for tree species, 5 m X 5 m quadrates for shrubs

and 1 m X 1 m quadrates for herbs. During belt transects, an area of 100 m X 10 m

width was estimated for statistical analysis, List of floral species observed at each

quadrant was documented and photographed. Species were compared with standard

floras and identifying the plants need for conservation.

Fauna: A detailed study has been carried out for faunal species by direct and indirect

methods. Direct sightings were made for aves, reptiles and insects and secondary data

on mammals were local villagers. Scheduling of species was done according to

Indian Wildlife Protection act (1972) and IUCN is done for each species and checked

the REET species. No quantitative data was calculated as some species are listed

through secondary source. As the animals are migratory in nature, habitats used by

protected, important or sensitive species for breeding, nesting, foraging, migration are

ascertained.



3.5.2.1 Field observation:

Core zone: The project site is a already existing asbestos sheets manufacturing plant

with capacity of 1, 20,000 TPA total land requirement is 10 ha and no additional land

is required for the proposed expansion. present plant is divided in to buiit up area is

1.6 Ha and green belt area is 6.0 Ha which is developed along the boundary with

ornamental and native plant species

The common butterflies, dragonflies, birds and smaller mammals were sighted here.

The most commonly seen herbs are Saccarum spontaneum, Acheranthus aspera,

Alternentra sissalis, Tridax procumbence etc and few weeds such as Parthenium,

Tephrocia purpuria, Lucas aspecra and Casia uniflora. Prosopis is commonly

distributed throughout the region.

The faunal composition generally with arboreal and semi arboreal based animals.

Some very common small animals like rats, snakes and lizards are generally found

here. In aves, Mynas, Doves, babblers, Sparrows, Black drango and greater coucal

are present.

Buffer Zone

Buffer zone is mostly with Agriculture fields and human habitations. Buffer area is

mainly semi-urban environment with few aquatic bodies. Most of the region is

covered with roads and villages. Hence vegetative survey mainly conducted at road

side for trees and near parks and other places for herbs and shrubs. There are no

endangered and endemic plants present in the buffer and core zones. There are no

medicinal, timber / fuel wood, fodder and other socio-economic purposes. The faunal

composition was also estimated based on the direct and indirect evidences.



Among the flora, Acacia Arabica, Azadiractha indica, Delonix regia, Prosopis

juliflora, Syzygium cumini, Ficus religiosa,Phoenix sylvestris,Pongamia pinnata,

Albizia lebbeck, Peltoforum sp., Terminalia arjuna ,Dalbergia sisoo, Psidium guava,

Mangifera indica and Phyllanthus emblica,Tectona grandis,Eucalyptus are

predominant near road side. Mangifera , Pisidium guava and other common fruit

yielding trees are very common here. Phoenix sylvestris, Azadirachta indica,

Prosopis juliflora, Ficus sp, Acacia sp, Tribulus terrstris, Saccharaum

spontaneum,Achyranthus aspera, Ipomea carnea,Oscimum sp, Parthenium sp are

mainly restricted to waste lands. A detailed list of floral and faunal species present in

the buffer zone is mentioned.

Importance Value Index (IVI) and Species Diversity

The diversity indices of the core and buffer zones were 2.112 and 2.342 respectively.

The indexes show that the core zone is less diverse area than buffer zone.

LIST OF PLANT SPECIES RECORDED

S.No Scientific Name Common Name Family Status1 Acacia Arabica Babool Fabaceae Common2 Acacia leucophloea Tella tumma Leguminosae Common2 Albizia lebbek Siris Mimisaceae Common3 Anogeisus latifolia Dhaura Combertaceae Common4 Azadirachata indica Neem Myrtaceae Common5 Barleria prionitis Adavi malli Acanthaceae Sparce6 Desmodium triflorum Munta Mandu Leguminosae Common7 Delonix regia Gilmohar Fabaceae Common8 Dalbergia sisoo Shesham Fabaceae Common9 Dendrocalamus strictus Bans Poaceae

10 Eucalyptus sp Nilgiri Myrtaceae Common11 Ficus bengalensis Banyan Moraceae Common12 Ficus religiosa Peepal Moraceae Common

13 Ipomea cornea Pink morningglory

Convolvulaceae Common

14 Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae Common15 Leucena leucocephala Subabul Mimosaceae Sparce16 Musa paradisiaca Banana Musaceae Sparce17 Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae Common18 Nerium oleander Apocynaceae19 Psidium guva Amrud Myrtaceae Common20 Pongamia pinnata Karanj Fabaceae Common



21 Sygygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae Common22 Prosopis juliflora Vilyati babul Fabaceae Common23 Phoenix sylvestris Khajur Arecaceae Common24 Polyalthia longifolia Naramamidi Annonaceae Common25 Pongamia pinnata Kanuga Leguminosae Common26 Saraca indica Ashoka Fabaceae Common27 Senegalia catechu Khair Fabaceae Common28 Tectona grandis Teek Verbanaceae Common29 Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combertaceae Sparce

Herbs and shrubs1 Calotropis sp Milk weed Asclepidaceae Common

Achyranthes aspera Uttareni Amaranthaceae Common2 Oscimum tenuiflorum Tulsi Lamiaceae Common3 Achyranthes aspera Apamarga Amaranthaceae Common

4 Partheniumhysterophorus

Congress grass AsteraceaeCommon

5 Ruellia tuberose Iron root Acanthaceae Sparce6 Typha angustifolia Elephant grass Typhaceae Sparce7 Hyptis suaaveolens Pignut Lamiaceae Common

Grasses

1 Saccharumspontaneum

Kans grass PoaceaeSparce

2 Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass Poaceae Common3 Cymbopogon flexiosus Malabar grass Poaceae Sparce4 Chloris barbata Airport grass Poaceae Sparce

3. LIST OF FAUNA & THEIR CONSERVATION STATUS

3.1. Checklist of Mammalian species in the Study Area

S. No. Scientific Name Common Name IUCN IWPA

1. Bandicota indica Large Bandicoot Rat LC -

2. B.bengalensis Lesser Bandicoot Rat LC -

3. Cynopterus sphinx Short nosed Fruit Bat LC V

4. Funambulus palmarum Three Stripped Squirrel LC IV

5. Mus booduga Little Indian Field Mouse LC V

6. Mus musculus House Mouse LC V

IUCN = International Union for Conservation of Nature

IWPA = Indian Wild Life Protection Act



3.2. List of AVES either spotted or reported or recorded from the study area.

S.

No Scientific name Common Name IWLP

1 Acrocephalus agricola Paddy field Warblers Sch-IV

2 Apus affinis House Swift Sch-IV

3 Ceryle rudis Pied Kingfisher Sch-IV

4 Vanellus indicus Red wattled Lapwing Sch -IV

5 Streptopelia turtur Turtle Doves Sch IV

6

Coraciiformesas

benghalensis Indian Roller Sch -IV

7 Corovus macrorhynchos Jungle Crow Sch -IV

8 Centropus sinensis Crow Pheasant Sch -IV

9 Eudynamys scolopacea Asian Koel Sch -IV

10 Dicrurus macrocercus Black Drongo Sch -IV

11 Crus antigoneSarus crane Sch-IV

12 Corvus corvusHouse crow Sch-IV

13 Centropus sinensisGreater coucal Sch-IV

14 Pycnonotus cafer Red vented bulbul Sch-IV

15 Streptopelia turtur Turtle Doves Sch-IV

16

Corvusmacrorhynchous

Jungle crow Sch-IV

17 Acridotheres tristicus Common myna Sch-IV

18 Dicrurus macrocerus Black Drongo Sch-IV

19 Amaurornis phoenicurus White breastedwaterhen

Sch-IV

20 Phalcrocorax niger Little cormorant Sch-IV

21 Acridotheres tristicus Common myna Sch-IV

22 Ploceus philippines Weaver bird Sch-IV

23 Passer domisticus House Sparrow Sch-IV

24 Megalaima merulinus Indian Cuckoo Sch-IV

25 Nephron percnopterus White scavengervulture

Sch-IV

26 Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller Sch-IV

27 Alcedo atthis Common Kingfisher Sch-IV



28 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret Sch-IV

29 Ardeola grayii Pond Heron Sch-IV

30 Turdoides striatus Jungle babbler Sch-IV

31 Egretta garzetta Little Egret Sch-IV

32 Alcedoatthis Small blue kingfisher Sch-IV

33 Fulica atra Common coot Sch-IV

Mammals1 Canis auries Jackal Sch-II

2 Boselaphus tragocamelus Nilgai Sch-III

3 Funambulus spp. Squirrel Sch-IV

4 Rattus norvegicus Field mouse Sch-IV

5 Herpestes edwardii Common mongoose SCh-IV

6 Vulpus benghalensis Wild fox Sch-II

7 Sus scrofa Wild boar Sch-III

3.3. List of Reptiles either spotted or reported from the study area.

S. No. Scientific Name Common Name IUCN IWPA

1. Chamaleon zeylanicus Indian chamaeleon LC II

2. Bangarus spp. Krait LC II

3. Naja naja Indian cobra LR II

4. Vipera spp. Russels viper LC II

5. Calotes versicolor Common garden lizard LC II

6. Rana tigrina Rana tigrina LC IV

7. Ptyas mucosus Common Rat snake LC II

8. Trimeresurus

gramineus

Green pit viper LC IV



3.3. List of Mammals either spotted or reported from the study areaS. No. Scientific Name Common Name IUCN IWPA

7. Bandicota indica Large Bandicoot Rat LC -

8. B.bengalensis Lesser Bandicoot Rat LC -

9. Funambulus palmarum Three Stripped Squirrel LC IV

10. Mus booduga Little Indian Field Mouse LC V

11. Canis auries Jackal LC LCII

12. Boselaphus tragocamelus Nilgai LC III

13. Herpestes edwardii Common mongoose LC III

14. Sus scrofa Wild boar LC III

Aquatic Ecosystem

Kannawan minor drain flows on the western side of the project site about 1 km of the

projects area from Bacchrawan distrubutary canal to Khairhani. One Sharda Feeder

canal flows from North to South on the East side of the project around 6 km. There

are other few ponds which cater to the need of the villages. It has been observed

that these ponds are rich in aquatic growth and are generally used for washing of

cattle and clothes. The SAI River and its tributaries flows at around 9 km from the

project site on the south west side.

Aquatic plants

The biological resources of aquatic system were studied near Tanks and ponds

present in buffer area. Most of the water bodies are covered by the some aquatic

plants Nymphea, Nelumbo nucifera,pistia stratioles,Lemna sp,Eichornia crassipes

etc. None of the aquatic fauna is threatened or endangered.

Fishery

In the primary survey it was observed that fishing is done along the Sai river and

sharda canal. Fishing is mostly done by using trapa and gillnets.The fishes found here

are Rohu, Tingra, Parhan, Mangur, Nain, Saul, Bam, and Jhinga. A total of 8 species



of fishes, water chest nut is commercially grown in ponds and tanks. The list of

fishes given in Table-3

TABLE-3LIST OF FISHES FROM THE STUDY AREA

Sr. No Local Name Scientific Name1 Rohu Wallago attu2 Parhan Labeo rohita3 Saur Ophiocephalus sp4 Mangur Clarius batrachus5 Nain Cirrhina mrigala6 Tengra Mystas seenghala7 Silonda cat fish Silonia silonda8 -- Nandus nandus

Endemic, Threatened and Endangered Species

In the floristic checklist, the study area shows medium floristic diversity. A good

number of species are commercially cultivated in orchards. Number of plant species

have medicinal value and also important for other non-timber produces. From the

present survey Sarus cran and Nilgai are observed in Buffer zone Nilgai is declared

as protected animal in the district and Sarus crane is under Vulnerable Category

species according to IUCN and none of the fauna is not listed in the Schedule I of the

Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

IMPACT ON FLORA & FAUNA

Prediction of Impact on local flora and fauna

There are no migratory corridors, nesting and Breeding sites within the buffer zone.

No need to take any mitigation measures in this connection. One must be very

concern towards ecology of the area while altering the habitats. From the list of floral

and faunal species it is very clear that there are no Rare or Endangered or Endemic or

Threatened (REET) species present in core or buffer zone.

The direct impacts: No direct impact on present vegetation. No destruction of

biodiversity within core zone and natural ecosystems through removal of natural

soils, plants and the floral dependent animals. No wildlife population is present in the



study area except the Sarus crane and Nilgai and common type of birds. No

significant long-term residual impacts on fauna due to project.

Indirect Impacts: No indirect impact on present vegetation and fauna of the site area

or surround buffer zone. The terrestrial habitat is going to be modified as per the

green belt plan. The proposed activity is not going to affect the local plants, birds,

reptiles and amphibians.

Cumulative Impacts

It is important to take into account a holistic view for better representation of the

predicted impacts of the proposed expansion. This requires a consideration of

cumulative impacts of existing and past developmental activities in the vicinity of the

project. The addition of present proposed expansion with the earlier large and small-

scale activities shall give cumulative impacts. This may further be analyzed by

adding the proposed and predicted developmental activities in the near future if

known.

However the present proposed project will not add significant impacts on the

ecosystems as the scale of the project is small and the type of activity will not result

in many impacts.



TABLE – 5.1: CONSTRUCTION PHASE - POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

S.

No.

Environmental

components

Potential

impacts

Source of impacts Mitigation measures Remarks

7. Ecology Minor andTemporaryimpact

Construction activity andadding up of new machinerywill cause temporary impacton existing vegetation, littlefauna which is dependent onexisting trees, herbs andshrubs due to increase inTraffic and noise levels.

No trees in the plant shall be cut andfurther greenbelt is developed inaddition to the existing plantation.Noise abatement measure will be takenup. Acoustic enclosures will beprovided wherever required to controlthe noise level below 85 dB (A). Thewide green belt around the plant willattenuate the noise levels outside theplant boundary.

No new land is taken forthis expansion and furtherno land and trees arecleared from the existingplant. It is proposed that inthe existing 6 Ha greenbelt more plantation to bedeveloped as greenbelt.

TABLE – 5.2: OPERATIONAL PHASE – POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

S.

No.

Environmental

components

Potential impacts Source of impacts Mitigation measures Remarks

9. Ecology No impact The natural flora andfauna may be altered,

Managing the Green belt planstrictly and observing anyalternations and takingconservation measures for birdssuch as artificial pots forsparrows and other birds on thetrees and other minor faunalspecies will be taken care .

---



As the study area is reported with Sarus crane and Nilgai in the buffer zone. Nilgai

is declared as a protected animal in the district and Sarus crane is the state bird and

is declared as a Vulnerable species by the IUCN. there is a need to take

conservation activities by the VIL Management. This can be achieved by the

participatory approach. By conducting Awareness programs in villages, farmers, in

house staff and school children.

Participatory Approach

Wildlife Awareness Programs for Villages on Usage of Pesticides It is important to

educate the villagers on usage of pesticides because recent studies shown that Sarus

Crane mortalities in Uttar Pradesh are largely due to consuming pesticides and due

to collision with electricity wires. A recent habit of immersing rice in pesticides

prior to planting is a new emerging threat that has the potential to be the most

important threat to the species.

Sarus Cranes can live alongside humans in wetlands that are heavily used by

humans. However, only traditional uses such as retaining wetlands as community

use areas are suitable for Sarus. More recent changes such as large-scale conversion

to singhada and fisheries seriously harm the Sarus Cranes, and lead to drastic

declines in population.

Training for In-house Staff

The VIL staff who work within the campus and in the vicinity shall undergo an

awareness program on environmental education and conservation.

Environmental Education for School Children

The most important and effective tool in conservation is to educate the younger

generation for fulfilling future conservation goals. School lectures and interactive

sessions shall be conducted for different age group children for more impressive

inculcation of conservation and sustainability concepts.



Budgetary Provision for conducting Awareness programs

a. Wildlife Awareness Program for Villagers (8 nos) 25,000

b. Training for In-house Staff (once/ year) 10,000

c. Environmental Education for Schools (5 nos) 15,000

d. Workshops and Camps (5 nos) 30,000

e. Incentives, Rewards and Miscellaneous 20,000

Total 1,00,000



3.5.3. LAND USE LAND COVER (LULC) MAPPING

3.5.3.1. INTRODUCTION

Land use refers to man’s activities and various uses, which are carried on land. Land

cover refers to natural vegetation, water bodies, rock/soil, artificial cover and others

resulting due to land transformation. Although land use is generally inferred based

on the cover, yet both the terms land use and land cover are closely related and

interchangeable. Information on the rate and kind of change in the use of land

resources is essential to the proper planning, management and regulation of the use

of such resources.

Knowledge about the existing land use and trends of change is essential if the nation

is to tackle the problems associated with the haphazard and uncontrolled growth. A

systematic framework is needed for updating the land use and land cover maps that

will be timely, relatively inexpensive and appropriate for different needs at national

and state level. The rapidly developing technology of remote sensing offers an

efficient and timely approach to the mapping and collection of basic land use and

land cover data over large area. The satellite imageries are potentially more

amenable to digital processing because the remote sensor output can be obtained in

digital format. Land use data are needed in the analysis of environmental processes

and problems that must be understood if living conditions and standards are to be

improved or maintained at current levels.

3.5.3.2. Aims of Classification

1. The major aim of land use classification system is to provide a framework as

broad as possible and would cover all the possible types of land use within

the country that could be mapped within certain limitations.



2. The second objective is to see the applicability of IRS-IC LISS-III satellite

data for delineating various land use, land cover categories through computer

analysis as well as visual interpretation techniques.

3. The third objective is to provide a standardized land use, land cover

classification system, which can be used with the satellite imagery available

in India, at present.

3.5.3.3. Land Use / Land Cover Classification

The classification system was devised according to the following criteria:

i) The minimum level of interpretation accuracy using remotely sensed data

should be at least 85%

ii) The accuracy of interpretation for the several categories should be about

equal

iii) Repeatable results should be obtainable from one interpreter to another

iv) The classification system should be applicable over extensive areas

v) The categorization should permit land use to be inferred from the land cover

types

vi) The classification system should be suitable for use with remote sensing data

obtained at different times of the year

vii) Categories should be divisible into more detailed subcategories that can be

obtained from large scale imagery or ground survey

viii) Aggregation of categories must be possible

ix) Comparison with future land use and land cover should be possible

x) Multiple uses of land should be recognized



3.5.3.4. Objectives of Land Use / Land Cover Map

The main objectives of land use map are,

1) The land use map will be utilized as a basic database, which provides the

information for allocating new land use practices.

2) It will incorporate demographic, economic and environmental impact, which

has occurred in an area.

3) Not only will the information indicate where intensive development has

already taken place and where there is open land suitable for future

expansion, but it will also make it possible to determine special areas, such as

prime agricultural lands.

4) Land use/ land cover map will serve as a basis for monitoring land use

change.

5) The land use map will serve as a base in the integrated overall planning of

agricultural and industrial development of the region.

3.5.3.5. Application of Remote sensing techniques for land use/land cover

Remote sensing techniques provide reliable, accurate baseline information for land

use mapping. Generalized delineation of land use classification for large area and

spatial distribution of land use categories is possible by satellite imagery as it

provides synoptic view. Satellite Remote sensing techniques are helpful to study

changes at regular intervals. Rapid small scale land use mapping for state and

national series on 1:1,000,000 and 1:250,000 is possible by satellite remote sensing

techniques. Satellite remote sensing provides data in different bands of the

electromagnetic spectrum. Also we can have the coverage of the same area on

different dates. We can combine data in different bands to produce a color



composite. Land use mapping both by visual interpretation and computer aided

interpretation is possible by satellite remote sensing technique.

3.5.3.6. Methodology for land use/land cover mapping

Flowchart showing the methodology adopted for land use/land cover mapping is

given in Figure 1. For analysis and interpretation two types of data are needed:

1. Basic data 2. Ground data

1. Basic data includes:

(a) Satellite data of LISS-III

(b) Topo sheets

(c) Local knowledge

(d) Area map on any scale to transfer details

(e) Reports and other literature of the study area

2. Ground data: Ground data is very much essential to verify and to increase

the accuracy of the interpreted classes and also to minimize the field work.

3. Data analysis: For analysis and interpretation of satellite data, the study can

be divided into three parts:

A. Preliminary work

B. Field work

C. Post field work

A. Preliminary work includes:

i. to see the limitation of satellite data

ii. to lay down the criteria for land use classification to be

adopted

iii. to fix the size of mapping units, which depends upon the

scale



iv. interpretation of different land use/land cover classes

v. demarcation of doubtful areas

vi. preparation of field land use/land cover map

B. Field work:

i. Type of ground data to be collected

ii. Selection of sample area for final classification

iii. Checking of doubtful areas

iv. Change in land use/ land cover due to wrong identification,

fresh development, nomenclature.

v. General verification

C. Post field work:

i. reinterpretation or analysis or correction of doubtful areas

ii. transfer of details on base map

iii. marginal information

iv. preparation of final land use/land cover map

3.5.3.7. Land use/land cover description of Study area:

Present land use/land cover map showing the spatial distribution of various

categories and their areal extent is vital for the present study. The spatial

distributions of various land uses are interpreted based IRS-ID, LISS III data. The

different land use/ land cover classes existing in the area over space and time are

briefly discussed here in their dimension. The land use \ land cover map of study

area has shown in figures.



LAND USE LAND COVER (LULC)Table: Spatial Distribution of Level –II Land use/Land Cover Classes With In

10 Km Radius

S No Type Area in Sq Km in %

1 Water Bodies 8.100 2.5792 Settlements 72.512 23.092

3 Waste Land 26.281 8.4014 Vegetation 58.831 19.885 Agriculture 148.381 48.446

Total 314.155 100.000



FIG: 3.5.2.SATELLITE MAP



FIG: 3.5.2. LAND USE LAND COVER MAP





3.5.4 GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY

Regional Geology: Project area is part of Raibareli district. District resource map

of this region procured from the Geological Survey of India (GIS) which has been

used as base map. This resource map is geo-referenced in WGS-1984. The area

comprises of mainly two groups of geological formation such as older alluvium of

middle and late Pleistocene age as well as newer alluvium of Holocene age (Fig:1).

Geologically these formations are occurred in quaternary era of geological time

scale.

Figure 1: Geology of Raibareli district



In the district older alluvium group is an oldest formation which consists of

Varanasi alluvium. This alluvium formation consists of two facies such as sandy

facies and silt-clay facies of middle to late Pleistocene age of quaternary era. These

formations have brownish yellow, silt-clay with kankar and micaceous sand. Newer

alluvium group which is younger formations in this region has two different

formations in such that terrace alluvium that is laid above Varanasi alluvium of gray

micaceous, fine to coarse grained immature sand, silt and clay of Holocene age; and

Youngest formations in this region i.c., Channel alluvium which consist of gray,

micaceous, fine to medium grained loose sand, silt and clay formations are formed

above the terrace alluvium of newer alluvium group of Holocene of quaternary era.

It is observed that there is numerous paleochannel in the Varanasi alluvium

formations along east and north of the district.



Geology of the Project area: The present project area consists of silt-clay facies of

Varanasi alluvium formations which has brownish yellow, silt-clay with kankar and

micaceous sand of older alluvium group of middle to late Pleistocene of quaternary

era. There is four palaeo channels exists at south and north west of the project area.

Figure 1: Geology of Raibareli district



3.6. SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Socio- Economic Environment

Socio economic study is an important integral part of environmental study. Existing

as well as upcoming projects will have some impact (adverse or beneficial) on the

environment. Also, increase of industrial sector production in an industry is bound

to create its impact on the socio- economic aspects of the local population of the

area experiencing development. The impact may alter the socio economic status of

the society in dual ways. Hence, it is important to conduct socio-economic studies

and assess the existing status and also the impacts envisaged by upcoming projects

on the socioeconomic conditions of the study area. Information on the above said

factor has been collected to define the socioeconomic profile of the study area,

which is also a part of environmental impact assessment study for the proposed

project.

This chapter provides the existing socio-economic conditions in the study area, the

potential impacts of the project on socio-economic conditions and the assessment of

the project effects in that regard. The main objective of the socioeconomic study is

to evaluate the long term effects that are expected from the project activities and

investigate how the proposed project would change the quality of life of current and

future residents of communities

The sociological aspects of this study include human settlements, demography, and

social strata such as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and literacy levels



besides infrastructure facilities available in the study area. The economic aspects

include occupational structure of workers.

The Baseline Demographic and Socio economic characteristics with regards to

demography, literacy and occupational status have been described based on the

Census Abstract, 2011. The relevant details of the Infrastructure Facilities have also

been gathered from the Census Abstract, 2011.

Socio- Economic aspects of the villages falling in Study Area

Location and Geographical area

The district lies between Latitude 250 49’ north and 260 36’ North and longitude

800 41’ east and 810 50’ east. According to the 2001 census the geographical area

of the district is 3286 Sq. Kms. The area is liable to vary every year by reason of the

action of the Ganga, for a small variation in the deep stream of the river makes a

very noticeable change in the area of the district. The district, as a whole, is fairly

compact tract of gently undulating land. The elevation varies from about 120.4 Mtrs

above sea level in the north west to 86.9 Mtrs above sea level in the extreme south

east, on the banks of the Ganga. The highest points are the crowns of the watersheds

of the different drainage channel which serve to divide the district in to five main

physical units. The Ganga khadan, the Ganga upland, the southern clay tract, the

central tract on the sea upland and the northern clay tract. The district forms a part

of the Gangetic plain which is of recent origin according to geological chronology

and revela ordinary gangetic alluvium. The district being a part of the alluvial plain

conforms to the same geological sequence as the plain itself. The only mineral of



importance are reh and brick earth. Near about 90 brick fields are engaged to

manufacture the bricks. There is no mineral available for industrial purpose in the

district of Raebareli.

Photographs: Temple and Railway Station Near Project Site

The information on socio-economic aspects has been compiled from various

secondary sources including various government and semi-government offices. As

per 2011 census, the population of the study area (i.e., total villages) consisted of .

The distribution for these villages is shown in the following table.

Description Thulendi Bachhravan Khairhani Bannawa Hardoi Kundanganj TotalNo. ofHouseholds 1195 1877 465 668 415 2027 6647Total Population 6616 9692 2466 3264 2308 10657 35003Male population 3401 5009 1256 1700 1177 5496 18039Femalepopulation 3215 4683 1210 1564 1131 5161 16964SC population 1886 3668 977 1662 876 4108 13177ST population 0 4 0 5 0 0 9Literacy percent 54.08 77.18 56.73 56.37 58.28 59.27 60.32Literates 3578 6548 1399 1840 1345 6316 21026Cultivators 410 300 219 310 162 1156 2557Marginalagriculturelabours 337 864 111 219 147 886 2564Total workers 2094 2903 728 1453 977 3992 12147Main workers 1265 1278 443 777 434 2353 6550Marginal workers 829 1625 285 676 543 1639 5597Non-workers 4522 6789 1738 1811 1331 6665 22856

Source 2011 Census Data



ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION

MEASURES

Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the Environmental

Impact Assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are

available to predict impacts of developmental activities on physical, ecological and

socio-economic environments. Such predictions are superimposed over the

baseline (pre-project) scenario of environmental quality to derive the ultimate

(post-project) scenario of environmental conditions. The prediction of impacts

helps in minimizing the impacts on environmental quality during the proposed

project.

SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Socio economic status in the study area is found to be moderate with respect to

livelihood, amenities etc. The management gives preference to local people for

recruitment in semi skilled and unskilled categories.

The present employment is 79. Additional employment due to support services like

security, horticulture development and township is in the range of 200 people.

The expansion of the project will help in increase of employment opportunities in

the area by giving preference to the local population. There will be increase in

secondary employment opportunities for providing infrastructural support services

like house keeping, security, plant maintenance etc. Also there will improvement in



communication, transport and medical facilities which would result in further

increase of employment opportunities.

IMPACT DUE TO LAND ACQUISITION

VISAKA is not acquiring any land for the proposed project. Hence no displacement

of people would be happened.

Methodology

A socio-economic study was conducted to know about the demographic structure,

health & economic status, religious & cultural attributes of the study area. The study

intended to create awareness about the upcoming project and get the opinion of the

people living within the study area. This study was carried out within an aerial

distance of 10 kms radius from the core area of the proposed site, as specified in the

Terms of Reference (ToR).

Primary data was largely gathered by site observation. Interviews were also taken of

the key-informants like gram Panchayat leaders and local residents. In addition to

this, focus-group discussions and random interaction with the local people of the

villages falling within the study area were also conducted.

The secondary data was extracted from Census 2011 and Provisional records and

Official Documents. This report is a synthesis of input from the primary and the

secondary data. The synthesized records and facts were compiled, collated and

analyzed for use in this report.



Photograph: Method of data collection used within the study area

Population Distribution

Census information obtained from Office of Block Development Office, Mahrajgunj

and Raebareli. 2011 census information available online from the official website of

Census of India http://censusindia.gov.in/

List of villages, households and population within the study area:

S.No.

Name of theVillage

Distancefrom the site

No. ofhousehold

s

TotalPopulation

1 Thuldendi 2 1195 66162 Bachhravan 5 1877 96923 Khairhani 2 465 2466



4 Bannawa 1 668 32645 Hardoi 5 415 23086 Kundanganj 5 2027 10657

Total 6647 35003Source 2011 Census Data

The table shows that there are 6 villages in the study area of which 3 villages

(Thulendi, Khairhani and Bannawa) fall in the core zone (0-3 kms.) and the rest 3

villages fall within the buffer zone (3-10 kms). There are 6647 households in

the study area. It can be estimated that each household within the study area consists

of 5 persons. The stratification of male-female population in each impact zone is

given in Table .

Distance 0-3 kms 3-10 kms TotalHouseholds 2328 4319 6647Population 12346 22657 35003Male 6357 11682 18039Female 5989 10975 16964

Source 2011 Census Data.The above table shows that the total population within the study area is 35003of

which there are 18039 males and 16964 females. The zone of immediate impact (0-

3 kms) consists of a population of only 35 percent of the total study area population.

Social Characteristics

The SC/ST population within the study area is given in Table .Table Number of

SC/ST Population with the study area

Distance fromproject site

Population% of Scheduled

Caste% of Scheduled

Tribe0-3 km 52.3 55.5



4-10 km 47.7 44.5

From the above table, it can be inferred that the study area consists of 52.3 percent

of scheduled caste population and 55.5 percent of scheduled tribe population. It can

be seen that there are more number of scheduled caste within the study area.

Educational Facilities

The study area has adequate facilities for education. There are 15 primary schools, 8

secondary schools and 6 high schools within the study area. There are 4 colleges

and 15 adult literacy schools. The average educational attainment among the people

within the study area is upto class 10th. Students who wish to pursue higher

education migrate to nearby Mahrajgunj and Raebareli.

The average literacy rate within the study area is 67 percent. According to the

Provisional Census 2011, Raebareli district had literacy rate of 81.23 percent. Male

literacy rate is 85.75 percent and female literacy rate is 26.29 percent.

Table: Number of Villages having Educational Facilities within the Study Area

Distance(in kms)

Primary Secondary HighSchool

College AdultLiteracy

0-3 kms 7 4 3 1 83-10 kms 8 4 3 3 7Total 15 8 6 4 15



Photographs: School activity in Project site

Health Facilities

The statistics regarding to the health facilities within the study area are given inTable

Table 3-52: Number of Villages having Health Facilities within the Study Area

Distance(in kms)

PrimaryHealthCenter

PrimaryHealthSub-

Center

Womenand ChildWelfareCenter

RegisteredMedical

Practitioner

CommunityHealthWorker

0-3 kms 2 2 3 2 53-10kms

5 3 3 8 6

Total 7 5 6 10 11

There are 7 primary health centers and 5 primary health sub-centers within the study

area. Registered medical practitioners and community health workers also function

within the study area. During the survey it was observed that, common fever,

diabetics, hyper tension, gastrointestinal problems, cold-cough etc are the common

diseases affecting the health of people. The average life expectancy of the people is

70 years.



Drinking Water Facilities

The statistics regarding to the drinking water facilities within the study area are

given in Table .

Table Details of Drinking Water FacilitiesDistance Tap Well Tank Tube

wellHandPump

River

0-3 kms 112 0 0 0 35 03-10 kms 365 0 0 0 58 0Total 477 0 0 0 93 0

After conducting the survey and interpretation of secondary data, it was observed

that the availability of water is not a problem in the study area. Rural Water Supply

Department supplies drinking water to all the villages. Water for irrigation purpose

is drawn from the canal . The river Ganga , passes near to the study area.

Social Welfare

Gram panchayats and their allied bodies work for the upliftment of the people living

in the villages. Women and child development programs are efficiently run by the

Anganwadi workers of the study are under various schemes like Sarva Shiksha

Abhiyaan, Integrated Child Development Services scheme (ICDS scheme), National

Rural Health Mission (NRHM). Employment is provided to local people through

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGS).

Housing facilities are provided under Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) and Sardar Awas



Yojana (SAY). Special reservation schemes are run for the people belonging to the

socially and economically backward classes, scheduled caste and scheduled tribe.

Economic Profile

Agriculture

Agriculture is practiced by most of the people living in the study area. Major crops

grown are paddy, maize and vegetables. The main markets for trade and commerce

are Bachhrawan and Maharajgunj.

Animal Husbandry

Animal husbandry is also practiced within the study area. People rear domestic

animals, mostly cows, hens, goats and sheep.

Photographs: Cows in the Project area.

Industries/Factories

There are over 8108 registered industrial units and over 1500 small and medium

scale industries in Raebareli district, generating employment for over 30,000

persons. Agro-based, Cement, Textile, Chemicals, engineering and Service are the

major Small Scale Industry sectors present in Raebareli district.



Employment Generation

The occupational status within the study area is given in Table .

Distance% Occupation

CultivatorsAg.

LabourersWorkers

MarginalWorkers

0-3 kms 939 667 4275 17903-10kms

1618 1897 7872 3807

Total 2557 2564 12147 5597

Observation:

The study area has 7.31 percent cultivators, 7.32 percent agricultutral labourers,

34.14 workers and 15.99 percent marginal workers.

Infrastructure and Accessibility of Roads and means of transportation

The transportation facilities within the study area is given in Table.Distance (in kms) Bus Train

0-3 kms Yes Yes3-7 kms Yes Yes

7-10 kms Yes No

The study area is well connected by bus services. Railway line is passing through

Bachhrawan and Kannava Villages.

Availability of Power Supply

The study area has 24-hour uninterrupted power supplied by Government of Utter

Pradesh.



Means of Communication

The communication facilities within the study area is given in Table .

Table Communication Facilities within the Study Area

Distance (in

kms)

Post

Office

0-3 kms 2

3-10 kms 6

Total 8

The study area has a good amount of communication facilities. All village have post

offices and all the families have mobile phones, which has become a necessity, for

quick and easy communication.

Availability of Banking Facilities

The study area has branches of many nationalized and private banks.

Cultural Profile

Lifestyle

Raebareli is one of the major districts of the state, Uttar Pradesh which emphasizes

on the amalgamation of modern culture of Uttar Pradesh and the rich cultural

inheritance of Awadh region. To be exact Raebareli is based in the heartland of the

Awadh region the origin of which can be traced during the era of Kosala kingdom

and during the rule of Mughal Emperor Akbar in 16th century. However it was

Nawab Sadaat Ali Khan who laid the foundation of Awadh Dynasty. So with the

positive influence of both tradition and modern times, Raebareli is an interesting

place for both the natives as well as the visitors of the district.



Culture of a place is greatly influenced by people of the district as well as the

festivals celebrated in the region.The people of Raebareli are a mixed population

which consists of Hindu, Muslims, Sikhs, Jain and other religion believers. As a

result all festivals have equal importance in the district, where in since the

HinduMuslim population is little higher as compared to others the festivals related

to these two religion are celebrated grandly. The major festivals of Reabareli

include Ramnavami, Navratri, Nag Panchami, Raksha Bandhan, Janmashtami, Teej,

Dusshera, Karwa Chauth, Diwali, Holi, Shivratri and many others. The festivals are

often celebrated with diversemelas in the district which involve various craftsman

and artisans, dancers and musicians, vendors and hawkers to come together and

celebrate the occasion. The traditional dance form popular here is the kathak dance

in sync with musical songs like ghazals, thumri, khayal and others. This can be

treated as a positive initiative to retain the traditional culture and inherited love for

art and music of the natives.

Photographs: Temple in Bachhrawan village near to the Project area.



ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURESSOCIO ECONOMIC

While assessing the socio-economic and sociological impact it has been noticed that

the upcoming project will bring job opportunities at large scale for the local people,

during the construction & operation phase. Since the expansion is being carried out

within the premises of the project proponent, there will not be any displacement of

people/property/land. VISAKA has taken up so many developmental activities to

fulfill the responsibilities towards the society.

The CSR activities carried out by VISAKA are as follows:

i. Donated 10 feet sixe 40 no fresh AC sheets for making shelter to poor familiesat Haibatpur village in Sarreni block.

ii. Donated 12 feet sixe 70 no fresh AC sheets for making shelter to poor familiesnear Raebareli.

iii. Distributed blankets 150 nos to poor families near Raebareli.iv. Arranged temporary 20 No’s change rooms during the occasion of “Kartik

Purnima (06-Nov-14)” at “Dalmau Ghat” (Bank of Ganges).v. Donated chairs and tables to fire office at Bachhrawan villagevi. Adopted one park in Feroz Gandhi Colony at Raebareli.vii. Donated 12 feet size half care AC sheets to a poor family.



CHAPTER - 4

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES4.1. PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

In the Proposed VIL expansion unit there are additional stacks in the first Phase. In

the Second phase there will be more stacks. Air quality simulation models used for

PM10 for proposed stacks attached to dust collection systems where collected

dust is recycled into the process are present.

TRANSPORTATION & TRAFIC MOMENT

The impact on air quality due to automobile emission has been predicted to be

insignificant because the anticipated increase in vehicular movement will be 28

trucks per day for Raw Materials and 36 tracks per day for finished products. The

total truck moment due to increased capacity will be 64 trucks per day i.e. 4 truck

per one and half an hour (1½ hour i.e. 90 minutes) so the impact due transportation

is marginal. The impact of these emissions will be limited to a very short distance.

The roads from the nearby towns to the plant site are tar roads and hence the

fugitive emissions due to vehicular traffic will be insignificant.

DG SETS

The use of the generators is very occasional and as such the impact of its

emissions on the air quality will be insignificant. The impacts, if any, will be

limited to a very short distance and will also be very occasional. Existing ground

level concentrations of ambient air quality monitoring and static air volume

sampling also was undertaken as a reference.



4.1.1 AIR QUALITY MODELLING

AERMOD View is a complete and powerful air dispersion modeling package that

seamlessly incorporates the popular U.S. EPA models, ISCST3, ISC-PRIME and

AERMOD, into one interface without any modifications to the models. These

models are used extensively to assess pollution concentration and deposition from a

wide variety of sources

Magnitude and Significance of ImpactsPrediction of short term impacts on air quality due to stack emissions has been

carried out using AERMOD dispersion model based on steady state Gaussian Plume

Dispersion, developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency

[USEPA]. The model simulations deal with one and only major pollutant viz.,

Particulate Matter (PM) emitted from all three stacks.

Input Data for Prediction ModellingThe raw materials used in the Asbestos Cement Corrugated Sheet & Accessories

Plant are asbestos fibres, fly ash and cement. The details of stack emissions are

presented in following Table.

Details of Emissions from Asbestos Cement Corrugated Sheet Plant Phase-2,,

Particulars Fibre Dust Cement Dust Fly Ash DustCollector Collector Collector

Stack Height (m) 18 18 18No. of stacks 1 1 1Stack Diameter (m) 0.3 0.3 0.3Flue Gas Velocity 24 10 10(m/sec)Stack Temp (0K) 310 310 310Volume Flow Ratem3/hr 6000 4000 4000

Emission RatesSPMEmissions (g/s) 0.033 0.104 0.104



MET DATA for typical day on 14-04-2016

hour Cloudcover Temperature Relative

humidityAtmosphericPressure

WindDirection

Windspeed

1 5 24 88 1012 67.5 0.5552 5 22 93 1013 90 1.1113 6 23 87 1012 0 04 6 23 87 1013 0 0.5555 6 24 90 1013 22.5 0.5556 4 24 90 1012 0 1.1117 4 25 85 1013 0 1.1118 5 25 85 1014 22.5 1.1119 4 27 77 1013 90 1.944

10 5 29 70 1012 90 2.511 5 30 64 1013 90 2.512 6 31 61 1012 90 3.05513 6 31 62 1011 90 3.05514 4 30 63 1010 112.5 3.05515 3 29 66 1009 135 2.516 2 29 69 1010 135 2.517 1 28 74 1011 135 2.518 1 26 81 1012 135 1.94419 1 25 85 1013 135 1.94420 1 24 87 1014 135 1.94421 1 24 89 1013 135 1.94422 1 23 93 1012 135 1.94423 1 22 93 1014 135 1.94424 4 25 84 1013 45 0.555





Application of AERMOD Model

The impact of stack emission on the ground level concentration (glc) of PM in the

ambient air has been predicted through AERMOD. The model computations have

been done for distance up to 10.0km. The assumptions made for short-term

computations are as follows: -

Presentation of Results

In the present study, simulations have been done for the monitoring period using the

hourly Triple Joint Frequency data viz., stability, wind speed, and wind direction.

Short term simulations were done to estimate concentrations at the receptors to

obtain an optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site in 10 km

radius covering 16 directions.

Resultant Concentrations after Implementation of the Project

The maximum incremental glc’s due to the proposed expansion project for PM10 is

superimposed on the maximum baseline PM10 concentrations recorded during the

study period to arrive at the likely resultant concentrations after implementation of

the proposed increased capacity.

The cumulative concentrations (baseline + incremental) after implementation of the

project at the monitoring locations are tabulated below

SUMMARY OF AEROMOD MODEL OUTPUT FOR Combined PM10,

1ST HIGHEST VALUE IS 2.88 ug/m3

Centre point of X & Y Scale at 513000.00 & 2923000.00 Respectively.

Max concentration 2.88 ug/m3 is at 512948.61 of X Axis & 2923025.43 of Y Axis



Max concentration 2.88 ug/m3 is at – 51.39 M of X axis and 25.43 M of Y axis

from the centre of the Project stack points.

Ground level concentrations calculated for proposed project activities are

superimposed on existing ambient air quality monitoring results and combined

values are found within permissible National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

EXISTING AMBIENT PM10 and SUPER IMPOSED PM10 LEVELS WITHIN THESTUDY ZONE

The following values are expressed in Ug/cu.m

Sampling Location MaximumPM10ObservedPresent

PredictedMaximumPM10 Value

CombinedPM10Values

NAAQSStandard

1 Project Site 72 2.88 74.88 1002 Kannawan 66 2.88 68.88 1003 Kundanganj 73 2.88 75.88 1004 Bachharawan 76 2.88 78.88 1005 Khairhani 65 2.88 67.88 1006 Hardoi 67 2.88 69.88 1007 Thulandi 66 2.88 68.88 1008 Jowasharki 65 2.88 67.88 100



AIR MODEL AERMOD ISOPETHS FOR ALL STACKS

Max concentration 2.88 ug/m3 is at 512948.61 of X Axis & 2923025.43 of Y Axis

Max concentration 2.88 ug/m3 is at – 51.39 M of X axis and 25.43 M of Y axis from the

centre of the Project stack points.





4.2 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT

PREDICTION OF IMPACT DUE TO THE PRODUCTIVITY INCREASE

Out door sound propagation is influenced by a number of factors like micro-

meteorology, topography and physical obstructions like trees, barriers, buildings etc.

The sound pressure level generated by stationary point sources decreases with

increasing distance from the source due to wave divergence. From a point source

located above a flat rigid surface the sound energy pattern will be approximately

hemispherical. So the sound pressure level at any given distance from the source can

be calculated using the following equation:

Lp2= Lp1- 20 log (r2/r1) - Ae1,2

where

Lp1= sound level at a point located at a reference distance of r1 from the source

L2= sound level ar a point located at a distance of r2 from the source

Ae1,2= The excess attenuation along the path r1 to r2

Noise levels of existing factory are shown in table 3.3.2. Due to the proposed There will

not be any significant impact. Only number of vehicles will increase.

PREDICITION OF IMPACT OF COMMUNITY

Equivalent sound level averaged over 24 hours, Leq (24 hours) and day night sound

level Ldn is used to describe community noise exposures. WHO recommendations for

community noise annoyance permits day time outdoor noise level of 55 dBA Leq and

night time noise level of 45 dBA Leq to meet the sleep criteria, ie.Leq (24hours) is 51

dBA and Ldn is 48 dBA.

PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Equivalent sound level averaged over 8 hours, is used to describe the exposure of noise

in work places. The damage risk criteria for hearing as enforced by OSHA



Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and several other organisations to

reduce hearing loss, stipulated that noise levels up to 90 dBA are acceptable for 8 hours

exposure per day. Exposure to impulses or impact noise should not exceed 140 dBA

(Peak acoustic pressure) exposure to 10,000 impulses of 120 dBA are permissible per

day. Most of the levels within the factory will be less than 70 dBA depending on the

proximity of an individual to different units. There will be no impact of factory/VIL on

places more than 150m from centre of the complex.

4.3 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT

WATER REQUIREMENT & WASTE WATER GENERATION

No Additional bore wells required for proposed expansion project but the

requirement will be adjusted with the existing bore wells which will be sufficient

for existing and increased capacity of the production.

This includes Make-up water for Process, curing and for domestic water.

The water required for the proposed project will be met from existing water

capacity.

No process wastewater is being discharged and zero effluent discharge is being

practiced in the existing plant and similar pattern will be continued after the

expansion also. Domestic waste water will be treated in the septic tank followed

by soak pit.

WATERWATER CONSUMPTION in KLD

PURPOSE EXISTING PROPOSED

Phase 1 Phase 2 TOTAL

Process 110 KLD 35 KLD 150 KLD 295

Cure & cool 005 KLD 05 KLD 010 KLD 020Domestic 015 KLD 15 KLD 020 KLD 050

Gardening 010 KLD 10 KLD 015 KLD 035

Total 140 KLD 65 KLD 195 KLD 400



4.4 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

Solid waste generated will be recycled into the process by providing sludge recycling

system and dry waste grinding system, no disposal on to the land . So there will not be

much load on land. There is no discharge of liquid effluents on to the land.

There is a positive impact on the environment due to the usage of fly ash of about 27% in

the product which is a waste material of a nearby Thermal power station.

4.5 PREDICTION OF IMPACT ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Socio economic status in the study area is found to be moderate with respect to

livelihood, amenities etc. The management gives preference to local people for

recruitment in semi skilled and unskilled categories.

The present employment is around 100. Additional employment due to support services

like security, horticulture development and township will be in the range of 50 people.

The expansion of the project will help in increase of employment opportunities in the

area by providing the following benefits to the local population. There will be increase in

secondary employment opportunities for providing infrastructural support services like

house keeping, security, plant maintenance etc. Also there will improvement in

communication, transport and medical facilities which would result in further increase of

employment opportunities.

IMPACT DUE TO LAND ACQUISITION

VIL is not acquiring any land for the proposed project. Hence no displacement of people

would be happened.



Overall Socio-Economic Aspects

While assessing the socio-economic and sociological impact it has been noticed that the

due to increased capacity will bring job opportunities for the local people. Since the

expansion is being carried out within the premises of the project, hence there will not be

any displacement of people/property/land.

VIL has taken up so many developmental activities to fulfill the responsibilities towards

the society.






Manpower requirement for the proposed unit will be around 50 persons. As per the

details furnished the plant authorities, provided transportation to and fro from for all the

Executives. Skilled/semi-skilled workers are coming from the nearby villages. Hence no

provision has been made for quarters or labour housing. The existing project activities

improved the general environment in communication by roads, educational and health

facilities. The plantation adopted by project authorities improved Aesthetic value of the

region. Additional plantation plans are proposed. On the whole with the increased

capacity has a favourable ranking with the local inhabitants and is looked upon as a

blessing for development of the area.



CHAPTER – 5ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

(TECHNOLOGY & SITE)

5.1 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

The manufacturing of Asbestos cement sheets & Accessories is a well proven technology

all over the world. Hence no technological failures are anticipated. Hence no alternative

technologies are considered.

5.2 ALTERNATIVE SITES EXAMINED FOR EXPANSION OF ASBESTOSSHEET MANUFACTURING UNIT BY VIL

M/s. VIL is proposed to go for expansion of the existing Corrugated cement fibre sheet

plant capacity from 1, 20,000 TPA to 3,20,000 TPA with in the existing plant area of 10

Ha, at Kannawan, Pargana Bachharawan, MaharajGanj Taluk, Rae Bareli District, Uttar

Pradesh State. The total capacity of the plant after expansion will be 320,000 TPA. Since

it is proposed to increase the production capacity from existing facilities. So there is no

additional land required. No additional Building required.

VIL Limited does not attract the alternate site examination.



CHAPTER – 6ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

6.1 AIR MONITORING PLAN

Presently the following Environmental monitoring plan is undertraken at VILKannawan Unit

6.1.1 Air Monitoring FrequencyPersonal/Static Sampling Monthly

Low Volume Sampler. Fibre count (for each location)

by Phase Contrast Microscope

– IS11450 : 86)

Stack Emission Monthly

(for fibre, cement & fly ash) (for each stack)

Ambient Air Monitoring Monthly

(at 3 stations) (for each)

6.1.2 SAMPLING LOCATIONS AND LIMITS

PERSONNEL FIBRE COUNTS

SAMPLING LOCATION (Personal & Static)

1) Edge Runner Mill - 1

2) Moulding Finish - 1

3) Cutting Section - 1

4) Waste Recycling - 1

5) RM Section - 1

6) Fibre Godown - 1

MAX LIMITING VALUES - 0.1 fib/cc (Personal & Static)



AMBIENT AIR

Once in a month Ambient Air samples shall be drawn from 3 different locations

with in the plant premises for the parameters PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOX.

STACK EMISSION MONITORING DETAILS

1. FIBRE Milling -SPM (TOT DUST) : 2 mg/ NM3

-FIBRE COUNT : 0.2 Fib/cc

2. FLY ASH feed -SPM : 115 mg/ NM3

3. CEMENT feed -SPM : 115 mg/ NM3

4. DG SET -SPM : 115 mg/NM3

(Stand-by) -SO2 : N.S.

-NOx : N.S.

LABORATORY EQUIPMENT

Air Monitoring

• Stack Kit - 1

• Respirable Dust Sampler - 3

• Fine Particulate Sampler PM2.5 - 3

• Personal Samplers - 2

• Weather Station - 1

• Noise Meter - 1

• Phase Contrast Microscope - 1

• Electronic Weighing Balance - 1



6.1.3 ANALYSIS PART

All the parameters will be analysed as per IS procedures specified for those

parameters. The methodology adopted for Ambient air quality monitoring &

analysis of PM2.5 (Federal Reference Method FRM /USEPA), PM10 is as per IS:

5182 Part IV SO2 & NOx as per IS: 5182 Part II & Part VI respectively.

Samples were analysed for SO2 using improved West-Gaeke method for air samples

using spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 560 nm.

Samples were analysed for NOx using Jacob and Hochheiser modified (Na-As)

method, for Air samples using a spectrophotometer at wavelength of 540 nm.

Asbestos fibre count will be monitored and analyzed as per IS -11450: 1986

PM2.5 & PM10 in ambient air are found by using APM -550

6.1.4 ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASUREMENT & MONITORING OFASBESTOS

Asbestos fibre count sampling is being carried out by using Personal / Static

sampling Low volume sampler followed by Phase Contrast Microscope as

per IS -11450: 1986.

Personal sampling pump with 0 to 2 ltr per minute flow

Filter holder for 25 mm dia filter paper

Acetone vapouriser for filter paper development

NPL slide for detection limit of microscope



Phase contrast microscope with 400 x magnification

Microscopes slides & cover slip

Walton - beckett graticule

All the above mentioned equipment & specially trained staff have already

been provided for

sampling & counting of asbestos air borne dust, all the norms given in BIS &

as per factory act

will be strictly implemented. A Lab set up is already established at factory

where fibre count

samples can be taken & analysed at their sister concern situated at Paramathi,

Salem (TN)

6.1.5 INTER LOCKING SYSTEM

Whenever pollution control systems fails, the production in that unit will be stopped

and it will be restored only after rectification of the system.

6.1.6 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

In case of emergency shutdown all the safety precautions will be taken as per the

procedure given by the supplier. All precautions will be taken to prevent any

environmental problems during shut down.

6.1.7 COST ESTIMATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

The annual budgetary allocation for Environmental monitoring is Rs. 25 Lakhs for

existing & as well as for expansion project. A third party was engaged to monitor all

the environmental parameters as per CPCB / APPCB norms.



CHAPTER – 7ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT:

Hazard identification and control has been suggested To visualize all conceivable

deviations from the intended plant and which could be a source of potential hazard

to the people, plant, product and environment, and thereby to take remedial action

by analyzing the causes and consequences.

7.1.1. TEAM COMPOSITION – RISK ASSESSMENT:

The team is multi-disciplinary and basically should include the roles as depicted

below

Technical Role

Supporting & Structuring Role

Technical personnel shall be from design, maintenance, process, quality &

Environment

7.1.2. SCOPE:

a) Total process operations within the plant

b) calamities/disasters/ mishaps which are, in general, associated with the

manufacturing facility are mentioned below

S.No. Hazard (Hazard Culmination)

01 HC Fire & explosion02 HC Electrocution03 HC Exposure affect by inhaling04 HC Accidents



A general hazard grouping has been attempted below wherein is shown various

operational areas capable of generating various hazards. Total process operation

which is a continuous process plant translated to flow chart. VIL has total process /

industrial activities classified into 7 categories any of which could generate different

type of hazard.

S.No Hazard grouping (Potentially hazardous operational area)

01 HP Material/ Product handling & transportation02 HP Material/ Product storage03 HP Manufacturing process04 HP Maintenance operation05 HP Electrical installation and cable net work06 HP Civil structure & fabrication07 HP Compressed air

7.1.3. Hazard substances:

Hazards posed by the storage and handling of hazardous substances as listed below

are clubbed along with various hazard groups (activities). The substances in VIL are

LDO, HSD, LPG cutting gas – flammable & explosive Chrysotile asbestos fibre -

Exposure affect over a prolonged period

7.1.4. IDENTIFIED AREAS WITH HAZARD POTENTIAL

This clause explains various activities / parameters under different hazard zone,

linked to various hazard grouping.



7.1.4.1.FIRE & EXPLOSION:

Activities / Parameters Hazard grouping

All electric installation & transformer 05HP Cable net work 05HP LDO & HSD Storage Tank 02HP LDO Spray system at stripping area 03,04 HP D G Room 05HP Compressed Air 07HP Close Chamber 03,04 HP LPG Distribution Room & burner unit 02,03,04 HP Oxygen & Acetylene gas cylinder 02,04,06,07 HP Gas cutting & welding 04,06,07 HP

Less accessible yard within factory premises& wit dry shrub & grass, specially in summer season -(Note – As the process is mainly water based, fire hazardlimited to select areas only)

7.1.4.2 Electrocution


Cable network within the plant 05HP

Electrical installaion & Transformer 05HP

7.1.4.3 Exposure Effect

Exposure to dust (Cement, fly ash & asbestos) by inhaling, is likely to occur

in the following areas.




Receipt & storage of Cement & FA 02HP Receipt & storage of Asbestos 02HP Cement feeding to silo 03HP F A bagging & weighing 03 HP Asbestos milling & storing 03,04 HP R M slurry preparation 03HP Layer formation 03HP Product formation 03HP Waste water storage & recycling 02,03,06HP Solid waste storage & recycling (Sludge) 01,02,03,06HP Solid waste disposal 01,03,06HP Wet waste recycling (Green) 03,4,HP Sheet cutting & Finishing 01,03,04HP Dry waste storage 02,03,HP Sheet pulverization to HGW 01,03,04Hp HGW bagging, weighing & Storage 02,03HP HGW recycling 01,03HP From PC facilities 02,03,04HP

7.1.4.4 Accident:

Accident other than fire explosion or electrocution, causing injury or

Loss of life to a person could occur from the activities of any of the

Hazard grouping.

7.1.5. Exposure Effect:

Exposure to Cement & FA Dust

Dust collection equipment not running.

Protective wears not worn.

Exposure by inhaling to asbestos.

Torn bags during unloading.

Faulty packing design causing tipping over of fibre bags.



Torn bags during process operation.

Fork lift mal-operation.

Fibre spillage through fibre handling equipment (e.g. SBO, Shredder

units,screw conveyor, elevator, Des).

Dust Collector not running.

Improper handling & disposal of asbestos containing wastes.

Elec/Mech. Failure causing process water overflow/leakage.

Improper dust suppression at sheet cutting/finishing area.

Work ethics/practices.

7.1.6: Mandatory Approvals/Licenses

Statutory regulation followed and license/consent/permission obtained on the

storage/installation of following items.

LDO & HSD – Storage license under Indian Explosive Act.

HSD & Lubricants-Purcahse/sell/storage license under Petroleum

Products Licensing & Regulation – 80.

LPG

DG Set – Permission from Orissa Electricity Board and consent from

State Pollution Control Board.

Electric Sub station} Permission from Electrical safety inspectorate.

Transformer.

Periodic inspection by he statutory body / III party on the following.

Lifting Machines – Chain pulley block & crane Form 37

Lifting Machines – Fork Lifts Form 37

Pressure Vessels – Air pressure Form 8

Dust Collector – On all electrical installations

Panels, cable laying, earthing status Form 27A



Regular & periodic inspection carried out on the following.

LPG Storage, distribution & burning.

Electric Panels

Cable laying

DG set critical parameters.

Installation & regular inspection of fire extinguishers at strategic points

(Refer – Fire Control record)

Regular fire drill & training conducted.

(Refer Safety Training Record)

Warning signs displayed prominently at critical points.

System audits conducted against SOPs & Wls.

Skills needs analysis and training carried out regularly.

7.1.7 : Training & Counseling

Training & Counseling imparted on the following.

Electrical Safety.

Safe work practices.

Discard suspect instruments.

Thick rubber sheet provided on floor as insulation (in DG Room) and

at near Electrical panels.

Sign boards prominently displayed.

1Fire Extinguisher installed in critical area.

Regular & periodic inspection of Electrical installation, cable laying

work, and compliance to statutory requirement for all electrical

installation carried out.

Consent (permission obtained from statutory bodies for DG Set).



7.1.8. Raw Materials Exposure Effect:

Asbestos Fibre (Chrysotile)

Fibre bags handled in a mechanized way in automatic bag opening device erected

with dust collector. Fibre emission levels are maintained less than 0.1 fibre/cc.

Empty bags will be shredded and recycled into the process. From milling the

process is entirely in wet condition. Transportation, packing & storage as per

international norms and also as per BIS standard.

(Refer *RTM * IS 12079-87)

1 Periodical inspection of PC equipments, both by inhouse and third Party

(Refer Dust Collector Record & Form 27A)

2 Regular air monitoring carried Out. (ambient & personal)

3 Waste water totally recycled.

4 Solid waste disposal as per BIS guidelines (Ref:IS:11768-86)

4 Dry waste being recycled after pulverization under controlled condition

(Ref-IS:11768-86)

5 Consent Order obtained from PCB, for Air & Water.

6 Authorization for hazardous waste management obtained from PCB.

7 All fibre handling equipment are closed one and connected to dust

extraction system.

8 Medical surveillance of every worker both periodic and at cessation of

employment being carried out, (Ref-IS:11451-86).

9 Warning signs displayed.

10 Protective gears always available.

11 Awareness on asbestos – hazard made far & wide by continuous training &

counseling.



Cement & Fly Ash

Cement is feed in tankers, Conveyed to silos pneumatically. Silos will be equipped

with dust collectors.

1. Dust extraction system installed at cement feeding

section.

2. Air monitoring of cement stack carried out.

3. Protective wears available.

7.1.9. General

ii. SPs & Wis available for all sections.

iii. Caution labeling & display boards placed at strategic

locations.

iv. Plant, machinery & equipments made to the drawings which

are available with design section.

v. System audit, section wise being done periodically.

vi. Safety classes being taken regularly.

7.1.10. Study & Review:

i. Study reports designed for various activities/parameters under

different hazard grouping. The report is check listed and

recommends/follows/reviews the action taken /proposed

/deferred.

ii. The reports are presented before top management.



There is no storage of highly inflammable substances like Furnace oil, HSD in the

proposed plant. Hence risk analysis on those substances will not be required

7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.2.1 Objective of On-Site Emergency Plans

An On-site Emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in a hazardous

installation and the effects are confined to the factory premises involving the people

working in the factory. On-site Emergency Plan is dealing with eventualities, and it

is the responsibility of the Occupier, to prepare/implement necessary measures to

contain the severity of cause of disaster to the bare minimum.

Apart from the provisions in the Hazardous Chemicals Rules, Section 41 B(4) of the

Factories Act, 1948 (as amended in 1987) it is also required that the Occupier is to

draw up an On-site Emergency Plan with detailed disaster control measures for the

factory and to educate the workers employed in the factory premises. The obligation

of an Occupier of hazardous chemicals is to prepare an emergency plan as stipulated

in Rule 13 of the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules,

1989. The general public living in the vicinity is also to be informed and educated

about safety measures and actions required to be taken in the event of an accident.

The preparation of an On-site Emergency Plan, furnishing relevant information to

the District Administration Authority for the preparation of the Off-site Emergency

plan are statutory responsibilities of the Occupier of every industry and other units,

handling hazardous substances. An On-site Emergency Plan contains the following

key elements:

_ Safeguard the personnel located in the premises.

_ Minimize damage to property and environment.



_ Organize rescue and treatment of affected persons.

_ Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control.

_ Identify the Causalities.

_ Provide required help to the relatives.

_ Provide authoritative information to the news media/concerned officials.

_ Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected persons.

_ Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent enquiry into the

cause and circumstances of Emergency.

7.2.2 Basic Contents of Disaster Management Plan (DMP)

Basically, the Disaster Management Plan (DMP) contains the following aspects:

_ Location of the site

_ Brief Description of plant

_ Details of major potential hazards

_ Identification of specific type of Disasters

_ Action Plan – Specific responsibilities

_ Declaration of Emergency/Emergency Action Plan

_ Evacuation and Assembly points

_ Evaluation of Implementation system

7.2.3 Purpose & Scope of Disaster Management Plan (DMP)

The principal aim of DMP of asbestos cement products is prevention of identified

major hazards. These hazards occur only due to exposure of individuals employed

in the raw material feed areas of the plant, or their exposure to fibres or fly ash,



cement, dusts. It is totally committed to “TOTAL CONSISTENT QUALITY

ASURANCE” from conception stage to enable its objective of prevention can nurse

ample opportunities to nurture and realize in practice. Second control strategy

adopted could be reducing potential by way of minimizing the handling of such

materials manually by individuals both in process and storage within the purview of

continuous operation. Thirdly adopted control measure could be well structured and

well rehearsed, resources. On site plan which could intercept any such occurrence

with speed and rectify by ensuring Safety of worker, equipment, public and

ultimately the environment as a matter of priority. The detail ON-SITE emergency

plan will be prepared and followed as per the guidelines provided in SCHEDULE

11 [Rule 13(1)] of Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules,

1989.

7.2.4 Vulnerable Areas

Maximum Credible Areas (MCA) of consequence that could be needing

consideration in disaster management plan are storage and feed areas of raw

materials, areas for storage of LDO/HSD/ LPG for the heating chamber and DG

Sets/ loading/unloading areas of sheets, atmospheric corrugators, run out conveyors

and de-stacker’s.

7.2.4.1 Analysis of Vulnerable Areas

From the analysis of the above zones the action suggested are discussed as below:

_ All storage of raw materials & feed areas will be demarcated & placed in

conformity to the safety act & its prescription to prevent any fire and/or explosion

hazards



_ Presence of human beings in the hazardous storage areas will be controlled &

noun-authorized persons shall be allowed in these areas

_ The people involved in such work places will be protected with all BIS certified

Personal Protective Equipments and given adequate training on safe operation and

disaster control, if arises

_ Only trained personnel will be allowed to work at risky areas under strict

supervision

_ Provision of protective gear, masks, hand gloves etc shall be provided to all

employees in the raw materials feed areas

_ Vacuum cleaning the above areas in multitude times of working hours

_ Occupational Health hazard survey will be undertaken for all employees from the

beginning of their employment.

7.2.5 Preventive Measures and Plans

In DMP it must clearly specify the actions to be taken in case of such incident,

including its prevention, corrective action so as to mitigate such occurrence by the

proponent. Practice & Procedures with respect to the operational hazards,

equipment failure, Human safety, Malfunctioning of Safety interlocks. Natural

disasters relevant to plant and its different section of operation will be formulated

and a detailed elaborate disaster management action plan will be prepared and made

available to all concerned persons to take care of the following aspects.

_ Industry will prepare a detailed technical report on on-site and off-site disaster

management plan and circulate to all departments and concerned person for proper

understanding and implementation of the plan during emergency



_ Industry will install an emergency alarm for immediate information

_ A suitable location inside the plant will be demarcated for Emergency Control

Center & Assembly Point

_ Escape Routes will be highlighted to escape out in case of emergency particularly

for Fuel storage Yard & DG house

_ Intercom will be provided to all departments for easy and immediate means of

communication

_ At sensitive fire prone areas Fire alarm and Fire hydrant lines will be provided

along with specified Categories of Fire Extinguishers

_ Workers will be trained regularly to use Personal Protective Equipment, and

proper tools at work place

_ Mock drill will be conducted at regular interval to evaluate the effectiveness of the

emergency preparedness plan

_ First Aid Centre and First Aid Boxes will be made available at various sensitive

points to meet the requirement

_ Color-coding will be followed as per the statutory requirements

_ All heavy moving machineries, Cranes and belt conveyors will be properly

maintained and protected and valid license will be obtained before their usage

_ Petroleum rules, Gas cylinder rules, Indian electricity rules, will be strictly

followed wherever necessary

_ All applicable Indian Laws, Rules and regulations for which company subscribes

shall be strictly followed under a Senior qualified environment & Safety personal



7.2.5.1 Safety Precautions in Storage, Transport and Handling of Asbestos

The Asbestos fibre will be obtained in shrink or stretch wrapping HDP woven sacs.

The fibre bags will be stacked on pallets and carried in closed road vehicles or

railway wagons. The bags will contain warning label incorporating the "a" symbol.

Hooks and other sharp equipment will not be used on bags or unit loads. Forklift

trucks will be used for unloading and loading. A vacuum cleaner will be used for

cleaning. Where this is not practicable, surfaces will be thoroughly wetted before

sweeping. Where the wrapping of a bag is damaged and spillage of asbestos is

likely suitable adhesive tape will be used for repairing of damaged portion. Before

storage all units will be carefully inspected for cleanliness and for damage. All bags

will be stacked on pallets.

All damaged bags will be repaired with adhesive tape and if need be, placed in a

second impermeable bag which will be sealed properly and kept separately for use.

All units having loose asbestos or other debris on the bag will be cleaned as soon as

possible by vacuum cleaner. The workers in sweeping operation will use protective

clothing and respiratory masks. The transport of fibre bags from godown to process

area will be by means of forklift trucks.

The storage area of asbestos fibre should bear the WARNING SIGN LABEL

7.2.5.2 Stocking at Work Place, Loading and Maintenance of Floor Area

The asbestos bags will be placed on pallets very nearer to the hopper or feed

chamber. The fibre bags will be opened and emptied in automatic bag cutting and

opening machine. The contents of the bag will be discharged without the bag being



shaken. Exhaust ventilation with negative pressure will be maintained within the

enclosure. House keeping is most important of all dust control methods. The

cleaning of all possible emission sources as quickly as possible and following of

practices such as vacuum cleaning and wet floor cleaning will prevent high dust

levels. All spills from the broken fibre bags and on the floor will be cleaned by

vacuum hose. If the spill is more personal protective item like protective clothing

and respirators will be used during cleaning/ retrieving operation.

7.2.5.3 Asbestos Fibre Bag Opening and Milling

Automatic bag opening machines. with bag shredder shall be used in which the

proper working of bag filters and centrifugal fan will be ensured. The differential

pressure across the filter bags will be less than / 50 mm WG. The bag filter

collections will to be conveyed back into the storage chest with the help of air lock

rotary valve and screw conveyor. Hence there will be no manual handling of

Asbestos Fibre.

Technologies for waste reduction and recycling introduced in a particular plant

depend on the yearly statistics of production of "hard waste", sludge, effluents and

local factors. The dry waste is pulverised in ball mill in wet condition and the slurry

is recycled back into the process. Because of this there is no generation of dust.

Sludge reduction and recycling

Normally some percentage of raw material which ends up as sludge during the

production process is, in no way, linked to the size of the plant. Various techniques

have been developed to recycle the sludge. The collection of sludge in a week shall

be done that will be recycled as per requirements.



Dust Control Near Fibre Mill and Fibre Bag Opening And Milling Process

Normally the asbestos dust will be generated at the following operations:

_ During the cutting of pressure packed asbestos bags either manually or

mechanically

_ While feeding the opened asbestos fibre bags to the charger of the mill

_ While charging the fibre in to the mill

_ While milling the fibre

To control the dust during the cutting process the charger will be enclosed from

all sides with front access. The front shall also be covered with thick flexible

curtains in two layers slightly overlapping one another. The fully automatic bag

opening device with bag shredder completely avoids manual handling of either

loose fibre or fibre bag. The shredded particles of the woven sack will be utilized in

the process. The whole bag opening and shredding operations are enclosed and are

maintained under negative pressure with the help of bag filters and a centrifugal fan.

The bag filter collections are conveyed back into the storage chest with the help of

Air Lock rotary valves and screw conveyor.

7.2.5.4 Asbestos Conveying System

The asbestos screw conveyor, Bucket elevator and storage chest will be vented with

the Dust Collector system to maintain negative pressure. All the leaking points will

be closed properly and periodical chest will be carried to avoid any spillage of fibre.

The surface of screw conveyor and bucket elevators will be cleaned with the help of

vacuum hose once in a week. Parts of the equipment in accessible to the vacuum



cleaner will be cleaned with oiled brushes where practicable and vacuum equipment

will be used to take up the material so removed.

7.2.5.5 Asbestos Moulded Area

The moulded goods are made by the green sheets which are brought from plant as

and when required. After the goods are moulded the cut pieces are returned back

into the plant fro recycling. The filling operation can be carried out provided using

rough file which will not generate respirable dust.

All drilling cutting and smoothening operations will be carried when the article is

wet. All the cut pieces and excess material will be carried back and used at

appropriate recycling stage.

7.2.5.6 Fire Hazard

The following zones shall be declared as NO SMOKING ZONE:

_ LDO at Store

_ Store sheds

7.2.5.7 Essential Staff

In plants immediately affected or likely to be affected as decided by the Chief

Incident Controller, efforts will be needed to make shut down and make process

units safe. This work will be carried out by plant supervisors and essentials

operators provided they can do it without exposing themselves to undue risk. Some

workers/supervisors will also be required to help the above worker example



Attendants, Messengers, Drivers, First Aiders, Steno-Typist etc. These will

be“Essential Staff” and it is the responsibility of the Works Incident Controllers

(WIC) to identify the essential staff and advise to report at defined plant control

centres, so that they can be readily contacted. It is the responsibility of the Works

Incident Controller to remove all non-essential staff from the assembly point.

7.2.5.8 First Information

The first person who observes/identifies the emergencies shall inform by shouting

and by telephone to the Shift In-Charge and fire station about the hazard. The Shift

In-Charge will inform to Works Incident Controller, Chief Incident Controller and

also concerned HODs who shall communicate it to all key officers about the

emergency.

7.2.5.9 Declaration of Emergency

The first person who detects the emergency shall inform by shouting or by

telephone to the Shift In-Charge /Unit Controller. Shift In-Charge i.e. Incident

Controller will inform to Works Incident Controller i.e. Head of O&M and Fire

Station, Security Control Room and concerned HODs. Works Incident Controller

shall communicate Chief Incident Controller and to all concerned about the

emergencies. The Chief Incident Controller taking into account of the severity of

the situation shall declare Emergency.

7.2.5.10. Emergency Alarm

Emergency shall be declared by Emergency alarm, which shall be sounded by Fire

Station on receipt of orders from Shift In-Charge /Works Incident Controller.



Emergency Siren

Sl. No. Type Duration

1. Normal Factory Siren Continuous 1 min.

2. In case of fire 5 Seconds ON

2 Seconds OFF

3. For heavy Chlorine leakage 20 Seconds ON

10 Seconds OFF

4. All clear Signal Continuous - Siren for

2 min. only Once.

7.2.5.11. Evacuation

In an emergency it almost certainly be necessary to evacuate personnel from

affected areas and as precautionary measure to evacuate non-essential workers. In

the first instance from areas likely to be affected should be evacuated immediately.

The evacuation will be effected on getting necessary message from WIC. On

evacuation employees shall assemble at Assembly Points.

7.2.5.12 Mock Drills

It is imperative that the procedures laid in this plan are put to the test by conducting

Mock Drills. The mock drills should be carried out by the step as stated below.

First Step Test the effectiveness of communication system

Second Step Test the speed of mobilization of the plant emergency teams.

Third Step Test the effectiveness of search, rescue and treatment of casualties.

Fourth Step Test Emergency isolation and shut down and remedial measures taken

on the system.

Fifth Step Conduct a full rehearsal of all the actions to be taken during an

emergency.



The Disaster Management Plan should be periodically revised based on experience

gained from the mock drills. There are two types of mock drills recommended in

Disaster Management Plan – Full Mock Drill (to be conducted at least once in 6

months) and Disaster Management Efficacy Drill (to be conducted at least once in 3

months). The details of these drills are presented in following sections.

Full Mock Drill

This shall be conducted with Plant Head as Vice President (Operation); Head of

O&M as General Manager; Heads of Operation, Maintenance, Medical, Personnel,

Security, Auto Base and Materials as Members and Head of Safety as Convener and

it shall test the following:

_ Functioning of Emergency Control Center, very specifically availability of all

facilities etc as mentioned in the Plan and its functional healthiness.

_ To evaluate communication of the Disaster Plan to all segments of employees, to

familiarize them about their responsibilities in case of any disaster including

evaluation of behaviour of employees and others.

_ To ensure that all facilities as required under the plan from within or from nearby

industries / aid center under mutual assistance scheme or otherwise are available.

_ To ensure that the necessities under material assistance scheme is properly

documented and the concerned employees are fully aware in this regard.

_ To ensure that employees are full aware to fight any emergency like sealing of

chlorine leakage, fire fighting other such cause.

7.2.6. Off-Site Emergency Plan

If an accident takes place in Sponge Iron Plant unit and its affects are felt outside its

premises, the situation thus created is called an “Off Site” emergency. It no longer



remains the concern of the factory management alone but also becomes a concern

for the general public living outside the boundary premises of the factory or storage

site involved. In Asbestos cement Corrugated Sheet and Accessories Plant, the

following conditions can ordinarily constitute an Off-site Emergency:

_ Major fire involving combustible materials like oil, and other facilities. To meet

such situations, Off Site Emergency Plan is to be prepared. Under the

Environmental Protection Act, the responsibility of preparation of Off-Site

Emergency Plan lies with the State Government. The Collector / Deputy Collector

are ordinarily nominated by State Government to plan Off-Site Emergency Plan.

The District Collector or his nominated representative would be the team leader of

planning team, who shall conduct the planning task in a systematic manner.

The members of planning team for off site emergencies are Collector/Deputy

Collector, District Authorities In-charge of Fire Services and Police and members

drawn from Medical Services, Factory Inspectorate, Pollution Control Board,

Industries and Transport. In addition to these members, there are Co-opted

Members also from district authorities concerned, Civil Defence, Publicity

Department, and non officials such as elected representative (MPs, MLAs,

voluntary organization, Non-Governmental Organizations etc)

The basic elements (control room, key personnel, communication system, warning

system, public information system, fire fighting system, mutual aid scheme, service

support system, evacuation etc.) of an Off Site Emergency Plan are the similar to an

On Site Emergency Plan, the only difference being in the responsibilities (State



Government instead of the owner of the premises) and the area covered under the

plan (which includes the area outside the factory premises). A schematic Off-site

Emergency Plan has been suggested and submitted to the Directorate of Factories

and District Authorities.

7.2.7. Post Emergency Relief to the Victims

The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 provides for the owner who has control

over handling hazardous substances to pay specified amount of money to the

victims as interim relief by taking insurance policy for this purpose. The District

Collector has definite role in implementation of this act. After proper assessment of

the incident, he shall invite applications for relief, conduct an enquiry into the

claims and arrange payment of the relief amount to the victims.

7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE

Chrysotile Fibre Handled safely & responsibly

• Received in pressure packed sealed bags in containers

• Stored on pallets in covered fibre godowns

• Pallets transported through mechanical means – forklift

• Bags opened in closed chamber - automatic bag opening m/c

• Empty bags are shredded & recycled into the process

• Automatic bag opener connected to bag filter & fibre dust

recycled into the process

• Wet milled in fibre mill

• Handling as per various BIS Standards for safe use of Asbestos

and Asbestos related products



S.No Identified Hazardous EMP to deal withHazardous

Type ofexposure

Process Resultantproblem

Management Plan

1. MechanicalInjury

Shop floor area,Machinery workshop operation, etc

Cut Injury, Hand,Leg cut injury,Slip injury, Fallfrom heights,fractures, Jointpains, etc

A Safety Plan is followed forprevention of potentialhazards. Provide all thesafety devices,PPE to avoidany type of mechanicalinjury to body, Allowcomfortable working andavoid overtime andoverloading

2. ContinuedExposure toheat

Not Applicable

3. Exposure toHi-Noise

DG set,compressors,Sheet cuttingareas, Dry wastegrinding area,Shop floor area,bag filters etc

Fatigueness,TemporaryHearing loss,

Irritatingbehavior etc

Provide Acoustic enclosureto the DG and provide PPEto the operators in othernoise bearing areas.Periodical measurementsand control of noise levels.

4. Exposure toRespirableDust

Material handlingarea Cement, FlyAsh, fibre handling,Pulveriser, &process area

Impact torespiratory

system

Maintain the Ambient dust& fibre levels within thelimits. Provide the dustmask

5. Exposure topollutingGases

DG sets, vehicularmovement

Impact onrespiratorysystem

Maintain the Stack &Ambient Gases level withinthe permissible limits.

6. Impact due todrinking water

All drinking watersources

CausingDiareahea, Loosemotion, Vomitingetc.

Provide potable drinkingwater at all the operatingareas.

7. Exposure tobright lightwelding &arching etc.

, Welding, GasCutting area

Impact on Eyes, Provide the Safety Glassesand welding glasses



8. Impact due tounhygienicoperatingenvironment

In the entire plantarea

Can causeseveral types ofhealth problemincludingsickness anddisease

Good hygienic conditionswill be maintained in theentire plant area. GoodHousekeeping will bemaintained in the entireplant area.

9. ElectricalShocks andInjury due toelectricity

Electrical Circuits Electrical burns,Permanentdisablement, orfatality

Provide earth pits, electricalsafety devices from HT toLT, Use of PPE andelectrical safety work permitsystem, periodical safetytraining and use of qualifiedand trained manpower.

7.3.1 HEALTH AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN

All the required personal protective equipment is being given to the workers to

prevent them from Mesothalmia, Lung cancer and Asbestosis related problems.

Nose mask & protective cloths are regularly given to concerned workers working in

hazardous area. These clothing’s are cleaned with vacuum cleaners in a cabin before

& end of the workers duty, Separate bathrooms have been provided for washing of

cloths. All the potential occupational hazardous work places are being monitored

regularly. The health of employees working in these areas is being monitored once

in a year. The same will be continued after expansion also.

7.3.2 ACTION PLAN FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF OHS

STANDARDS AS PER OSHAS/USEPA

All the OHS standards as per OSHAS / USEPA are being implanted / will be

implemented in the existing / proposed expansion project.



7.4. MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE

A. Pre-employment medical examination

* Pulmonary Function Test (Spirometry –

FVC & FEV1)

* Complete Physical Examination

* Blood Test

* Urine Test

* Chest X ray

B. Periodical medical examination

* Pulmonary Function Test(– FVC & FEV1)

- Once in a year


- Once in a year

* Chest X ray

- Once in 3 years

C. At Cessation – Medical examination

* Pulmonary Function

Test ( FVC & FEV1) }

* Complete Physical }

Examination } within 5 years

* Blood Test } after cessation

* Urine Test }

* Chest X ray }



7.5 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The local areas will be benefited by way of generation of direct / indirect

employment opportunities due to the increase in Production capacity of the plant,

increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall

improvement in the income level of the local people. The project creates

employment to about 50 persons though Direct employment & 50 persons through

indirect employment after the expansion.

7.6 R & R ACTION PLAN

No removal of houses / structures. Hence there will be no project affected persons.

Therefore, social impact assessment and Resettlement and Rehabilitation Plan has

not been considered under the present study.



CHAPTER – 8

PROJECT BENEFITS

The proposed expansion project will benefit the local area in the following ways.

8.0 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

8.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Once the production capacity of existing plant increases automatically the revenue

of the Village will be improved. Due to this, the socio-economic status of the local

people will improve and there by the existing infrastructure facilities like Road

network, communication systems will further improved.

8.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

With the implementation of the proposed expansion project, the socio-economic

status of the local people will improve substantially. Primary health centre have

already been established and medical facilities will certainly improve due to the

proposed project.

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

The proposed expansion project creates employment to about 50 persons though

Direct employment & 50 persons through indirect employment.



VIL has taken up so many developmental activities to fulfill the responsibilities

towards the society.

8.4 CSR activities carried out by VIL are as follows:

OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS

[CSR activities being undertaken in the Existing plant]








CHAPTER – 9

Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis

Expansion proposal of VISAKA INDUSTRIES LIMITED is to increase the additional

capacity of 2,00,000 TPA. Out of this, 40,000 TPA in phase 1 & the balance 160,000 TPA

in phase 2 is envisaged. So after expansion the total Capacity will be 320,000 TPA in the

same premises where the Unit is located in Kannawan, Pargana Bachharawan,

MaharajGanj Taluk, Rae Bareli District, Uttar Pradesh State.

The estimated project cost of the proposed expansion of Asbestos corrugated cement

sheet plant from 1, 20,000 TPA to 3, 20,000 TPA is Rs 39 crores of which Rs 90.0 lakhs

will be incurred towards implementation of Environmental Management Plan. All

required Emission control systems will be operated to comply with the MOEF/CPCB

/APPCB Norms.

VIL strongly believes in the concept of eco friendly industrialization. This has been amply

demonstrated in the operation of existing units of VIL as per standards prescribed by the

State and Central Pollution Control Boards. Apart from eco -friendly operations, various

socio economic development activities have been undertaken to bring about overall socio

economic improvements in the areas.

With the same commitment and dedication, VIL will increase the capacity from 1,20,000

TPA to 3,20,000 TPA of Asbestos Cement sheet plant at Kannawan in the existing premises.



CHAPTER –10

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLANT (EMP)

There is no need of additional land, but need of construction and Plant

Erection/commissioning works involved in the capacity enhancement. Hence there is a

need of EMP at Construction Phase. The increased capacity will be obtained from the

proposed expansion so EMP is recommended for Construction, operation stage and Post

construction phase.

10.1. EMP - POST CONSTRUCTION PHASE

10.1.1 AIR POLLUTION

The air pollutants from the Capacity Enhancement VIL will be very minimal. The

ambient air quality levels will be within the standards laid down by Central Pollution

Control Board (CPCB). The exhaust/ventilation fans will be adequately chosen taking

into account the area of the premises.

AIR POLLUTION SOURCES & CONTROL MEASURES

Fiber Bag Opening and Milling

The fiber bags shall be slit open in closed automatic bag opening device. The empty bags

shall be lifted by a hooking device attached within the bag opening device and carried to

the attached bag shredder unit and the fiber after passing through the lump breaker shall

be collected in the attached blender where some water shall be added to maintain the

process in wet condition. When all the bags in one charge empties the fiber on to the

blender, the fiber in wet form shall be taken to the Edge Runner Mill via a screw conveyor

and elevator which is also joined by the shredded bag pieces from the shredder unit. Here

at ERM some more water is further added to the fibre for milling operation. The bag



opening device & the edge runner mill shall be kept under negative pressure by tapping it

on to a Bag Filter Type Dust Collector with pulse jet, connected to a blower (capacity _

5000 m3/hr) driven by a 15 Hp motor.

Cement and Fly ash Feeding

The cement feeding point shall be tapped on to bag filter type dust collector with pulse

jet and with a blower (capacity - 4000 m3/hr ) driven by a 5HP MOTOR. The let out

shall be through a stack of 18 m height.

The Fly ash feeding point shall be tapped on to bag filter type dust collector with pulse

jet and with a blower (capacity - 4000 m3/hr ) driven by a 5HP MOTOR. The let out

shall be through a stack of 18 m height.

Details of Pollution Control Equipments

IdNo

Name of PCE Equipment Attached to StackId

DE1 B/F Dust Collectorwith Pulse Jet

E R Mill & BOD Stack1


Cement Feeding Stack2


Fly Ash Feeding Stack3

Specification of Pollution Control EquipmentsParameters UOM PCE Id No

DE1 DE2 DE3Capacity M3/Hr 5000 4000 4000Stack Height M 18 18 18Stack Diameter mm 300 300 300Attached to Blower Blower BlowerMotor HP 10 5 5Stack Id S1 S2 S3



10.1.2. OTHER POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

FIBRE REECIEPT

Asbestos fiber (Chrysotile variety) is imported from Canada, Brazil, Zimbabwe, Russia

and Greece. It is received in shrink or stretch wrapped HDPE woven bags. Fiber bags are

received tightly packed in wooden pallets and transported in closed containers. The bags

wear warning symbol “a”.

FIBRE HANDLING AND STORAGE:

The bags are handled at site by means of fork lifts. Spillages if any, and container after

unloading at site is cleaned using portable vacuum cleaner. Where this is not practicable,

wet mopping, collection & recycling method is adopted. Wet mopping shall be carried out

with the help of Rubber mat stick. Torn bags received if any, is sealed with suitable

adhesive tapes. Such cleaning operation is undertaken by the operatives wearing

protective clothing and respiratory masks. The fibre bags are stacked in godowns. Trucks

after unloading are subjected to thorough cleaning by vacuum cleaner.

SHEET CUTTING OPERATION:

Sheet cutting operation is carried out with the cutters operating under a steady stream of

water jet which shall be kept water recycled. The washing is collected and periodically

recycled to the process. This technique of dust suppression has been proven to be very

effective.

PRODUCT FINISHING:

The filing and finishing operation of asbestos cement goods is carried out in wet stage.

The washing is collected and periodically recycled to the process. Green stage trimmings

is immediately recycled to the process through waste dissolver.

GENERAL GOOD HOUSE-KEEP:

Portable vacuum cleaner is used for the cleaning of go downs and raw material section.

Wet mopping /collection/Recycling method wherever applicable is adopted for the



spillage cleaning at raw material section. Wet mopping shall be carried out by the

Rubber mat sticks without using any clothing material.

10.1.3 NOISE

The VIL is procuring Compressors and Generators with Noise protection systems like

acoustic enclosures as per CPCB norms.

10.1.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT

There will be no waste water generated due to the process. The sanitary waste is diverted

into a septic tank followed by soak pit.

S.No. PURPOSE Water consumption(KLD)

Existing ProposedPhase-1 Phase-2

5. Make up water for process 110 35 1506. Cure and Cool 05 05 107. Domestic 15 15 208. Others (Gardening) 10 10 15

Total 140 65 195



10.1.5 RAIN WATER HARVESTING

3 nos. rain harvesting pits have been installed , to ensure charging of ground water.

Another 3 Pits will be made with gravel and sand filled in as filtering media.

TANK SIZES: 5.0MX5.0MX3.0M(MWD) in 3 nos.

Total Rain water harvesting pits = 3

PEBBLES

S AND

GROUND

GARDEN ING

TO TAL PITS - 3DIMENSIONSLENGT H - 5.0 MUPPER WIDTH - 5.0 MLOWER WIDTH - 4.5 MDEPTH - 2.0 M

PERCOLATION

GROUND WATERRECHARGING PLAN

WATER



10.1.6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMNT

Solid Waste Generation & Management of solid waste

1. Empty Fibre Bags – From Bag Opening Device (BOD)

Shredded in the Shredder unit attached to the Bag Opening Device and

recycled along with the opened fibre

2. Fibre Dust – From Dust Collector at ER Mill & BOD

Periodically recycled by adding in E R Mill.

3. Process Sludge – From Week-End Tank

Continuously recycled by processing in Ball Mills.

4. Hard Broken Pieces – From Damages/Rejects

Continuously recycled after pulverising in Dry waste grinding system

5. Cement Dust – From Dust Collector at Cem Feeding

Periodically recycled back in the system through hydration tanks.

6. Fly Ash Dust – From Dust Collector at FA Feeding

Periodically recycled back in the system through hydration tanks.



10.1.7. Waste Water

1. Process Waste Water is collected in back water trench and is pumped into process

waste water cone tanks to be reused back into the process.

2. During maintenance, the cone tanks are emptied into settling pit and the process

water is kept under agitation. After completion of the maintenance, the collected

process water is pumped back into the cone tank to be used back into the

manufacturing process. Thus the process water is completely recycled back.

10.1.8. GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

Construction activities change the natural environment. But it also creates a built

environment for the surrounding. The project requires the implementation of

following choices exclusively or in combination.

A) Construction phase

As it is a expansion there is no need to acquire new land the expansion is

undertaking by adding or incorporating extra new machinery to the already

existing one. Hence there is no need of clearing,cutting or uprooting of any

plants.

Restriction of construction activities to defined project areas, which are

ecologically less sensitive.

Restrictions on location of labour camps and offices for project staff near the

project area to avoid human induced secondary additional impacts on the

flora and fauna species.

For the major construction work the peripheral greenbelt should not be

disturbed.



B) Operation Phase

Enhancement of current ecology at the proposed project site will entail the

following measures:

Plantation & landscaping

Park & avenue plantation

Green Belt Development

Plantation & landscaping

Selection of the plant species will be based on their adaptability to the

existing geographical conditions and the vegetation composition of the forest

type of the region.

During the development of the green belt within the project area, it has to be

emphasized that those native plant species should be planted which are

having good ornamental values and fast growing with excellent canopy cover.

Avenue Plantation

Parks or gardens maintained for recreational and ornamental purposes will not only

improve the current ecology of the proposed site but also aesthetic value in the area.

The plan for plantation in parks and avenues is given below.

Parks/Gardens

Ornamental trees with spreading branches, shade giving with colorful flowers

for people to relax.

Suitable patches of lawns, rocketry with cactus and other small flowering

xerophytic plants.

Avenue plantation

Trees with colonial canopy with attractive flowering

Trees with branching at 10 feet and above

Trees with medium spreading branches to avoid obstruction to the traffic



Fruit trees to be avoided because children may obstruct traffic and general

movement of public.

Greenbelt Development

Green belt is recommended as one of the major components of Environmental

Management Plan. Out of the total area, green belt is developed in 1166.5 sq.mts.

Proper attention and management is required to maintain the survival rate of the

planted species. Around 22 plant species suggested under the green belt plan and

around 6.5 lakhs financial budget is proposed to develop the habitat. Species such as

Roystonia regia (Royal palm), Caryota urens (Fish tail palm), Polyalthia longifolia,

Collistemon linearis (Bottle brush), and Plumaria rubra can be raised in large

number in all the directions. Species such as Ficus benghalensis, Ficus religiosa

Bauhinia recemosa can be raised in buffer areas. Small herbs, ornamental species

and common flowering plants as per the availability can also be raised near the

paths and corridors of the existing plants.

Selection of plant species for Green belt development

The selection of plant species for the development depends on various factors such

as climate, elevation and soil. The list of plant species, which can be suitably

planted, and having significant importance are provided in Table 10.1 The plants

should exhibit the following desirable characteristic in order to be selected for

plantation.

i. The species should be fast growing and providing optimum penetrability.

ii. The species should be wind-firm and deep rooted.

iii. The species should form a dense canopy.

iv. As far as possible, the species should be indigenous and locally available

v. Species tolerance to air pollutants like SPM, SO2 and NOx should be

preferred.



vi. The species should be permeable to help create air turbulence and mixing

within the belt.

vii. There should be no large gaps for the air to spill through.

viii. Trees with high foliage density, leaves with larger leaf area and hairy on both

the surfaces.

ix. Ability to withstand conditions like inundation and drought.

x. Soil improving plants (Nitrogen fixing, rapidly decomposable leaf litter).

xi. Attractive appearance with good flowering and fruit bearing.

xii. Bird and insect attracting tree species.

xiii. Sustainable green cover with minimal maintenance



TABLE - 10.1

SUGGESTED TREES AND ORNAMENTAL PLANTS UNDER GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

Sr.No.

Scientific Name Trees/Shrubs

CommonName

Purpose

1 Polyalthea longifolia Tree Ashoka For dust and noisesuppression and airpurification and aestheticvalues

2 Casuarina aquisetifolia Tree Digha Jhau For dust suppression and airpurification. Use inlandscape area (hot andhumid zone)

3 Alstonia scholaris Tree Chhatim For dust and noisesuppression and airpurification. Used inlandscape area

4 Teccoma stans Shrubs Teccoma For dust suppression and airpurification

5 Ficus sp Tree Ficus For dust suppression and airpurification

6 Azadirachta indica Tree Neem For dust suppression and airpurification

7 Dalbergia sisoo Tree Sisam For dust and noisesuppression and airpurification

8 Acacia auriculiformis Tree Akash mani For dust suppression and airpurification

9 Mimosops elengi Tree Bokul For dust suppression and airpurification

10 Albizia lebbeck Tree Siris For dust and noisesuppression and airpurification

11 Murraya exotica Shrubs Kamini For dust suppression and airpurification. Used inlandscape area (hot zone)

12 Acalypha indica Shrubs Acalypha For dust suppression and airpurification. Used inlandscape area (hot zone)

13 Cassia fistula Tree Amal Tas/Goldenshower

For dust suppression and airpurification and aesthetic.Used in landscape area.

14 Cassia javanica Tree Pink shower For dust suppression and airpurification.

15 Ixora coccinia Shrubs Rangoona For dust suppression and airpurification. Used inlandscape area

16 Gemelina arborea Tree Gamhar For dust suppression and airpurification.

17 Bauhinia purparea Tree Kachnar /kanchan

For dust and noisesuppression and airpurification and aestheticvalues.

18 Bougainvillaea sp Shrub Bougainvillaea

For dust suppression and airpurification and aestheticvalues

19 Thespesia populnea Tree Australian Air purification and



Sr.No.

Scientific Name Trees/Shrubs

CommonName

Purpose

hibiscus(Bhindi tree)

preferred for hot zone

20 Virnonia Sp (creeper) Creeper Curtaincreeper

For Noise and dustsuppression and airpurification. Used to makegreen fencing

21 Neriam oleander sp Shrubs Evergreenfloweringshrubs

For dust suppression and airpurification and aestheticvalues

22 Tectona grandis Tree Teek For dust and Noisesuppression

TABLE - 6.2

Proposed financial Budget for the Green belt development (Rs. in Lakhs)

S.No Component First

year

Second

year

Third

Year

Fourth

year

Fifth

year

Total

1 Plant seeds/ saplings 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 3.5

2 Worker charges 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 1.3

3 Maintenance cost 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 1.3

4 Miscellaneous 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6

Grand Total 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 6.5

To maintain the ecological balance VIL authorities have developed green belt in and

around the plant. Green belt recommendations made around the VIL evolved for

noise pollution control, balancing eco-environment, soil erosion /protection,

economic sustenance and aesthetics. The scenario of planting arrangement made

and size based on the optimum use of available land.

Based on the agro-climatic conditions of the region, location of proposed plant

(within the existing premises) and physico-bio-chemical properties of the soil

strata in addition to the nature of pollutants and their rate of dispersion, it is



suggested to develop more green belt around the new plant. Plants suitable to

abate the pollution have been identified to be local plants.

The tree plantation is based on the following principles

The plant should be fast growing

It should have thick canopy cover

It should be perennial and evergreen

It should have large leaf area index

It should be indigenous

It should be efficient in absorbing pollutants without significant effects on

plant growth.

10.1.9 POST PROJECT MONITORING

AIR ENVIRONMENT

VIL authorities are recommended to adopt ambient air quality monitoring atleast

once in a month and presently following the same to ascertain the ambient air

quality status within the factory premises. A weather station for wind speed,

direction, temperature and rainfall is recommended to be installed within the

premises of VIL. Stack emission monitoring is also being taken place monthly

once. It is recommended to measure indoor air quality and asbestos fibre count and

carried out presently as per the U.P. Inspectorate of Factories standards.

NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Monitoring of noise is essential to assess the efficiency of maintenance schedules

undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise protection measures. A good quality

sound pressure level meter is essential for this purpose. This work is carried out

by the third party services.



10.1.10. MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE

A. Pre-employment medical examination

* Pulmonary Function Test (Spirometry –

FVC & FEV1)


* Blood Test

* Urine Test

* Chest X ray

B. Periodical medical examination

* Pulmonary Function Test(– FVC & FEV1)

- Once in a year


- Once in a year

* Chest X ray

- Once in 3 years

C. At Cessation – Medical examination

* Pulmonary Function

Test ( FVC & FEV1) }

* Complete Physical }

Examination } within 5 years

* Blood Test } after cessation

* Urine Test }

* Chest X ray }



10.1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL

In order to implement an effective environmental management plan in the

Asbestos corrugated cement fiber sheet plant. VIL will have a constituted a

full-fledged environmental cell.

The environmental cell with well-established laboratory regularly monitors

all the pollution sources in the existing plant. Pollution control systems will

show satisfactory performance with respect to the prescribed emission norms.

The organization setup of the Environmental cell

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT ORGANISATION CHART

Managing Director

Sr vice president

General Manager

Manager (Q & A)

Environmental Environmental HoriculturistEngineer Chemist



10.1.12 HON’BLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA GUIDELINES

Supreme Court Directions

The Membrane Filter Test to detect asbestos fibre should be adopted by all the

factories or establishments at par with the Metalliferrous Mines Regulations, 1961

and Vienna Convention and Rules issued there under.

VIL Compliance Status

The membrane filter tests in work place are being adopted regularly and reports are

submitted to state pollution control board & MOEF&CC. In addition to that the

asbestos fiber count in the work zone and stack are tested by a competent &

approved third party monitoring agency.


All the factories whether covered by the Employees State Insurance Act or

Workmen's Compensation Act or otherwise are directed to compulsorily insure

health coverage to every worker.


All VIL employees are covered under medical insurance


The Union and the State Governments are directed to review the standards of

permissible exposure limit value of fibre/cc in tune with the international standards

reducing the permissible content as prayed in the writ petition referred to at the



beginning. The review shall be continued after every 10 years and also as an when

the I.L.O. gives directions in this behalf consistent with its recommendations or any


The air pollution measurement in relation to fibre/cc is monitored regularly &

maintained as per the latest prescribed limit and the reports are submitted to the

state pollution control board & MOEF&CC.

10.2 COST OF THE PROJECT

The estimated project cost of the proposed expansion of Asbestos corrugated

cement sheet plant from 1, 20,000 TPA to 3, 20,000 TPA is Rs 39 crores of which

Rs 90.0 lakhs will be incurred towards implementation of Environmental

Management Plan. All required Emission control systems will be operated to

comply with the MOEF/CPCB /APPCB Norms.



CHAPTER – 11

SUMMARY

VIL strongly believes in the concept of eco friendly industrialization. This has been

amply demonstrated in the operation of existing units of VIL as per standards

prescribed by the State and Central Pollution Control Boards. Apart from eco -friendly

operations, various socio economic development activities have been undertaken to

bring about overall socio economic improvements in the areas.

With the same commitment and dedication, VIL will increase the capacity from

1,20,000 TPA to 3,20,000 TPA of Asbestos Cement sheet plant at Kannawan in the

existing premises.

1. The bag opening device & the edge runner mill shall be kept under negative

pressure by tapping it on to a Bag Filter Type Dust Collector with pulse jet and with

a blower (capacity of 6000 m3/hr) driven by a 15 Hp motor. The dust collector

emission is let out through a 18 M tall stack .The out let fibre dust emission will be

less than 0.2 fibre /cc.

2. Bag filters (with auto cleaning system) are already been provided with stacks of

adequate height to existing Cement Feeding & Fly Ash Feeding Sections, the same

will be upgraded to handle the proposed expansion capacity.

3. All the internal roads are already been made pucca to reduce the fugitive dust

emission due to the vehicular movement.

4. The Resultant Ground Level Concentrations of SO2, NOX & PM10 in the post

project scenario are within the revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards



(NAAQS) stipulated by MOEF vide notification dated 16-11-2009. Hence there will

not be any adverse impact on air environment due to the proposed capacity

enhancement.

5. Energy meters have already been provided to air pollution control systems to

ensure continuous operation of the control systems.

6. Raw material unloading areas have already been provided with water sprinklers

to suppress the fugitive dust.

7. No process water will be discharged and zero effluent discharge will be adopted

and entire process effluent will be reused / recycled in the manufacturing process.

The sanitary wastewater will be treated in a Septic Tank followed by Soak pit.

Hence there will not be any adverse impact on water environment due to the

proposed expansion project.

8. Entire solid waste generated including process, sheet cuttings, rejects, dust from

bag filters will be recycled and reused in the manufacturing process.

9. 6.0 Ha of greenbelt (inclusive of existing) will be developed to

further mitigate the impacts on Air environment & Noise environment.



CHAPTER – 12Disclosure of Consultants engaged

PARYAVARAN LABS (INDIA) LTD

QCI-NABET ACCREDITED COMPANYMOEF RECOGNISED LABORATORY

ISO – 9001:2008 CERTIFIED COMPANYOHSAS -18001:2007 CERTIFIED COMPANY

Paryavaran Labs (India) Ltd was founded in the year 1993 with a view to

contribute to the national endeavor of Economic growth without disrupting the

fragile balance between Environment and Development initiatives and to promote

state-of-the-art Environmental Consultancy Services in India. The setting up of such

an institution of national importance was visualized and given a shape by a small

team of energetic and enthusiastic environmental scientists with focused efforts and

relentless pursuit to reach the desired goal. Paryavaran Labs (India) Ltd India is a

class apart as an Environment Consultancy, We provide professional Environmental

services to both the Public and the Private Sectors.

We are having well established in house Laboratory Accredited by MOEF

(Gazette Order Serial. No.2644 dated 26th Nov. 2013 and valid up to Nov.

2018); ISO 9001:2008; OHSAS 18001:2007; QCI - NABET Accredited for the

Sectors 1. Mining (open cast) 2. Thermal Power Plants 3. Asbestos Milling &

Asbestos based products 4. Synthetic organic industry. We realize the

importance of growth and technology and hence make sure that our infrastructure is

outfitted with the same. Hence, after rigorous market surveys, we select relevant

technologies that accelerate the functioning of our organization.



Services

Paryavaran Labs with its immense domain expertise, it offers Enviro Laboratoryalong side other related activities/consultancy to its clients in an efficient manner.

Its services are highly demanded in the market due to the health consciousapproach of Government and public at large.

Paryavaran Labs render these services to its clients in standard as well ascustomized form as per the variegated specifications in compliance with theinternational quality standards.

Due to its holistic approach, Paryavaran Labs is able to attain the sustainabledevelopment of its client’s business by means of consultancy, training,Audits, Clearances, and Control Systems.

Paryavaran Labs (India) Ltd provides a wide range of services to help improveoverall client performance.

More than 25 Years of experience in the following projects: Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) , Environmental Audits Environmental Management Plan, Waste management Environmental Geographic Information System (Enviro GIS) Environmental data generation projects, Environmental monitoring works

(Stack Emission, Ambient air, Noise Monitoring, Water, Waste water, Soilanalysis etc)

Designing and implementation of Effluent Treatment Plants (ETPs) Designing and implementation Air Pollution control Equipments (cyclone

dust collectors, Bag filters, scrubbers etc) Occupational Hygiene programs undertaken several projects in Monitoring,

assessment and control of occupational hazards. Conduct Occupational hygiene programs at working environment, Assess the

impact on working group, Rehabilitation of the affected people. Attending State level (State Pollution Control boards) and National Level

(Ministry of Environment & Forests) Environmental Technical committeesand defend the projects.