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West Africa Landfall and The Four Climates.
• Sahara – Northern part.
• Sahel – Dry grassland. Little rain. Over grazing by animals. Cutting down trees. Wind blow away fertile soil. Sahara expands southward.
• Savanna – South. Good farming. Tsetes fly.
• Coast and forest –plentiful rain. Rain forest.
Niger River.
2,600 miles long.
Ends, Gulf of Guinea.
Forms inland delta in
Sahel.
Half of Nigeria's
coastline delta.
West Africa’s Resources.
Gold.
Iron.
Diamonds.
Oil. (95% of
Nigeria’s export.)
History W. Africa. Slave Trade.
• 1400’s Portuguese trade
for gold in the Gold
Coast.
• 1600’s demand for labor
in Americas – slavery.
• 1800’s European
countries control W.
Africa.
• After W.W.II countries
begin to fight for freedom.
Challenges in W Africa for new nations.
Borders.
Education to run government.
Dictators, civil wars, military rule.
High birthrate. Small amount of fertile land.
Sahel Countries. Mauritania
100% Muslim.
Speak Arabic.
Expanding Sahara has forced many into cities.
People very poor.
Sahel Countries. Mali and Niger
Landlocked.
80% fish or farm along the river.
Cotton main export.
Malaria – kills children.
Niger – 3% of land can be farmed.
Expanding Sahara.
Sahel Countries. Chad and Burkina Faso
World’s poorest.
Lake Chad shrinking.
Now 1/3 size.
Civil War.
Burkina Faso – Has
nothing.
The Coastal Countries.
Nigeria – largest. 113
million. (Africa’s
largest.)
Oil off coast. 95%
export.
High birth rate.
Bad government.
Senegal and Gambia.
• Senegal – (French.)
• Gambia – (British.)
• Odd boarder.
• Dakar – capital.
• Important seaport
and manufacturing
center.
• Important crop.
Peanuts
Liberia.
Monrovia. (President Monroe.
Freed American slaves sent there. Clash with Africans living there.
1980’s civil war. Economy still wrecked.
Rubber and iron.
Sierra Leone – Civil war.
Sierra Leone exports Diamonds.