Western Geographical Perspectives

Sawtooth Middle School Remote Learning Cover Sheet

Subject: Western Geographical Perspectives

Grade Level: 8

Teacher Names: Core and Cardwell

Date Range: April 20-24

DAY LEARNING INTENTION DESCRIPTION/DIRECTIONS

Monday April 20

5.6.1 Give examples of the causes and consequences of current global issues, such as the expansion of global markets, the urbanization of the developing world, the consumption of natural resources, and the extinction of species, and speculate possible responses by various individuals, groups and nations.

Pandemics: Spanish Flu vs COVID-19

• Read the handout and complete the comparison chart to compare and contrast the two pandemics.

Journal Prompt

Tuesday April 21

Wednesday April 22


Cultural Shifts Due to Pandemics These two articles look at the way different cultures around the world great on another. Is this going to change now with the virus? You tell me. Journal Prompt

Thursday April 23


Combating the Fear and Isolation of the Coronavirus During this time of crisis, there are many examples of the great things people are doing to help each other. This article points out some of those things. Journal Response to articles

Friday April 24

Today is a day to use the articles and get things written in your journals.

WESTERN GEO PERSPECTIVES: MY GEO JOURNAL MY GEO JOURNAL: WEEK TWO

Each week, you will have daily journal prompts. Some questions will be tied to short readings while others will simply

ask you to think and respond to general questions about your life right now.

MONDAY APRIL 20: What concerns you the most about this COVID-19 Pandemic? Explain.

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TUESDAY APRIL 21: Due to COVID-19, schools have transformed. We started Remote Learning. What do you like about

it and what don’t you like about it? What is the major difference from regular school?

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WEDNESDAY APRIL 22: Daily communication is something that has been greatly impacted by social distancing. In what

ways are you staying connected with family and friends?

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FRIDAY APRIL 24: Using the ideas from the spreading cheer articles or others of your own, complete one act of

spreading cheer you can do from home. Then, reflect on how this made you feel. Did others observe your act? How

did it make them feel? (post a picture of what you did on social media with parent permission)

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THURSDAY APRIL 23: After reading the articles about spreading cheer, reflect on ways your community is spreading

cheer. What have you observed in your neighborhood?

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SOCIAL STUDIES: PANDEMICS

Standard Learning Intention and Success Criteria

5.6.1 Give examples of the causes and consequences of current global issues, such as the expansion of global markets, the urbanization of the developing world, the consumption of natural resources, and the extinction of species, and speculate possible responses by various individuals, groups and nations.   

• We are learning about the impact of the 1918 flu on the world and liking it to how individuals and communities of the world and the US are responding to our current pandemic. 

• I can explain a global issue.

• I can describe current global issues that affect the United States and the World.

• I can explain how and why individuals and groups respond to a current global issue.

THE 1918 FLU PANDEMIC

Source: Spanish Flu, History.com (https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/1918-flu-pandemic)

The influenza or flu pandemic of 1918 to 1919 was the deadliest in modern history. It infected an estimated

500 million people worldwide – about one-third of the planet's population at the time. It killed an estimated 20

million to 50 million victims. More than 25 percent of the U.S. population became sick, and some 675,000 died.

General flu facts

• The flu attacks the respiratory system and the virus can be highly contagious.

• Coughs, sneezes, or respiratory droplets can transmit it through the air.

• A person who touches something with the virus on it, then their mouth, eyes, or nose can become infected.

• Flu outbreaks happen every year, about 200,000 Americans a year are hospitalized for complications.

• Between 3,000 and 49,000 people a year die because of the flu.

• A flu pandemic occurs when a powerful new influenza strain appears and spreads to many people across a wide geographic area.

The flu strikes far and wide The first wave of the 1918 pandemic occurred in the spring and was generally mild. The sick, who experienced typical symptoms as chills, fever, and fatigue, usually recovered after several days. Not many died. However, a second, highly contagious wave of influenza appeared in the fall of that same year. Victims died within hours or days of their symptoms appearing. Their skin turned blue and their lungs filled with fluid, causing them to suffocate. It's unknown exactly where the 1918 flu virus came from. It became known as the "Spanish Flu" because Spain was one of the earliest countries to be hit hard by the disease. Although the death toll of the 1918 flu is estimated at 20 million to 50 million victims worldwide, other estimates run as high as 100 million. The exact numbers are impossible to know due to a lack of medical record-keeping in many places. Fighting the flu When the 1918 flu hit, doctors and scientists didn't know what caused it or how to treat it. World War I had left parts of America with fewer doctors and nurses than in the past. Many of them came down with the flu themselves. In some areas, hospitals were so crowded with flu patients that schools and private homes had to be converted into makeshift hospitals, staffed by medical students. Officials in some communities quarantined the sick. They ordered citizens to wear masks and even banned spitting. They shut down public places, including schools, churches and theaters. People were advised to avoid shaking hands and to stay indoors. The flu takes a heavy toll on society It harmed every aspect of society, including the economy. In the U.S., businesses had to shut down because so many employees were sick. Basic services such as mail delivery and garbage collection were affected. In some places there weren't enough farm workers to harvest crops.

https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/1918-flu-pandemic

Flu pandemic finally ends By the summer of 1919, the flu pandemic came to an end. Infected people had either developed immunity or died. Almost 90 years later, in 2008, researchers announced they'd discovered why the 1918 flu was so deadly. It was a group of three genes in the virus that weakened a victim's bronchial tubes and lungs. This made it easy for the flu victims to develop pneumonia. Pneumonia is a lung infection that inflames the lungs and air sacs, causing them to fill with fluid. Pneumonia can make you very sick. Since 1918, there have been several other influenza pandemics, although none as deadly. One outbreak from 1968 to 1969 killed approximately 1 million people, including some 34,000 Americans. More than 12,000 Americans died during the H1N1 (or "swine flu") pandemic that occurred from 2009 to 2010.

Complete the following on a piece of loose-leaf paper, respond to a parent or guardian, or answer in the document. Supporting Questions: 

• What is a global issue?

• How do pandemics spread locally, nationally, internationally?

• What impact do pandemics have on society? What impact do they have on relations between groups of people? *Think culture.

• In what ways must countries work together to stop the spread of pandemics? Activities: Compare and contrast the two pandemics from what you have learned. If you have not been following the news, ask a parent for help with our current pandemic if needed.

Talking Points The 1918 Flu vs. COVID-19 The Flu Strikes Far and Wide:

• Where did it start?

• How did it spread?

Compare:

Contrast:

Fighting the flu:

• What caused it?

• How was it fought?

Compare:

Contrast:

The flu takes a heavy toll on society:

• What things did it impact and how? (i.e. economy)

• Who did it impact and how? (i.e. old, young, poor, rich).

Compare:

Contrast:

Flu pandemic finally ends:

• How did it end?

• What did it “cost” societies, the US, or the world?

* Obviously we do not know our full outcome yet, you will have to predict.

Compare:

Contrast:

SOCIAL STUDIES: CULTURAL SHIFTS DUE TO PANDEMICS

Leonard Nimoy as Mr. Spock giving the Vulcan salute on the TV

series "Star Trek." Photo: Paramount

Television/Kobal/Shutterstock

By David Beard, National Geographic, adapted by Newsela staff

Published:03/27/2020

Air kisses. Namaste. The "Star Trek"-inspired Vulcan

salute. The Kiwi nod. And no gosh-darned elbows.

These are among scores of suggestions by Nat Geo

readers all around the world to replace the germ-

laden handshake. The sudden change in tradition, recommended by health officials, has affected everything

from churches worldwide, where handshakes were integral, to some Maori people of New Zealand, who had

traditionally rubbed noses in greeting.

It appears we all are struggling with social decorum, even questioning a tradition that goes back to ancient

Greece, as we seek to avoid the deadly outbreak. Air kisses are the answer, says Dave Sharpe of Toronto: "Fist

pumps seem so 'locker room' and elbow bumping is just plain dumb. But blowing a kiss at least delivers a

fondness and affection that is well understood. Even between male friends, it might just help to break down

some of those churlish inhibitions some men seem to have about showing some soul." "NO ELBOW BUMPS,"

emphatically agrees Angie Garcia Johnson. "Aren't we being told to sneeze and cough into our elbows?" Anna

Wego of Auckland suggests the Kiwi nod: "I think a small head incline (as was done in the past) is a good

substitute." Members of New Zealand's Ngāti Kahungunu branch of the Maori people have replaced a

traditional hongi greeting — essentially pressing noses together — with each person instead tilting back their

head and raising eyebrows, writes Margot Macphail. Several readers prefer the finger-separating "Live Long and

Prosper" salute of Leonard Nimoy's Mr. Spock on "Star Trek." In these uncertain days, both "live long" and

"prosper" resonate!

Other readers advise us to bow or to press our palms together with a namaste greeting most often used by

Hindus. "No touching, no contact but instead a motion of respect," writes Don Uyeshima. Even some Quakers,

Standard Learning Intention and Success Criteria 5.6.1 Give examples of the causes and consequences of current global issues, such as the expansion of global markets, the urbanization of the developing world, the consumption of natural resources, and the extinction of species, and speculate possible responses by various individuals, groups and nations.     

• We are learning about the shift in cultural norms due to the Covid 19 pandemic. • I can explain a global issue. • I can describe current global issues that affect the United States and the World. • I can explain how and why individuals and groups respond to a current global issue.   

for whom handshaking was key part of a meeting service, replaced that with a namaste greeting before

gatherings were suspended, wrote Karin McAdams, a member of the Penn Valley Quaker Meeting in Kansas

City, Missouri. Reader Jody Wall prefers something similar. "One greeting that I like the thought of when coming

upon someone I know," Wall writes, "is to put my hand to my heart." Reader Laura Lee Klump agrees that

ditching the hand pump is just common sense — and an improvement for humanity. "Isn't it the politest thing

to do these days to not shake hands but rather, smile at each other, stand apart and communicate with our

hearts rather than our hands?" Klump asks.

Provided in partnership with the National Geographic Society. Visit this article and find others like it on National

Geographic's site at: https://www.nationalgeographic.org/education/

NO HANDSHAKE? NO KISS?’ GREETINGS IN THE AGE OF CORONAVIRUS From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle Report.

Every culture has some sort of person-to-person greeting. But they are different all over the world.

In some countries such as the United States, handshakes and hugs are the norm. In many European cultures, kisses on the cheek or air kisses are the thing to do when greeting people. And if you play on a sports team, high fives may be the greeting -- no matter what your cultural background.

These are our traditions during normal times.

The World Health Organization recently declared the new coronavirus a “pandemic.” Health officials all over the world are urging people to wash their hands frequently. People are warned to avoid large crowds and to practice social distancing to control the spread of the disease.

This has led to new ways of greetings around the world.

The new COVID-19 virus came from Wuhan, China. So, it is not surprising that a video featuring something called the “Wuhan Shake” recently went viral.

Zheng Yu Wen is a television host for Voice of America’s China service. Her job involves contact with many on-air guests. So, she says she has changed her guest greeting policy.

“So, starting today [March 12] I was telling all my guests who appear in the studio -- we don’t shake hands anymore. We do elbow touch, we do foot tapping or, we say, foot kissing...”

Another journalist in VOA China’s branch, Sharon Wu, is taking a different approach. For now, she has not changed the way she greets guests. However, she has a new after-greeting habit – group handwashing.

“Recently we’ve had some guests coming to the studio. And for me, I still shake hands with them. But after that I say, ‘Okay. Let’s both go to the restroom and wash hands.’”

Mir Abdul Moshref works at Voice of America in the Afghan service. He says that while hugging between men and women is not common, same-sex hugging is. However, those who used to hug have started using new ways of greeting people.

“Usually people are not shaking hands. But they are greeting verbally. They are not hugging, which is common among Afghans here in my service. We are just elbow-touching and sometimes we are kicking feet [with] each other. And sometimes we are just, you know, having a bump-bump to each other.”

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/education/

In Iran, people have used a similar greeting called “butt bump.”

Besides the foot kick, butt bump and elbow touch, there are other ways to greet people without touching.

Many Asian cultures already use non-contact greetings. So, people in this part of the world may have an easier time avoiding person-to-person contact. In Japan, a deep bow with both hands kept down to the sides is a traditional greeting.

In Europe, kissing is a common way to greet people. People in France and other parts of Europe often use two kisses -- one on each cheek -- or in the air as a greeting. People in Switzerland give three kisses.

Reuters reported that health officials in Switzerland and France have advised people to stop the traditional kiss greeting. And the Italian government has banned kissing in an effort to stop the spread of the disease.

This is not the first time a government has made lip contact between people forbidden.

In 1439, kissing was temporarily banned in England during ceremonies involving King Henry VI. This was to avoid endangering the King’s life during the Plague.

Kissing in public was also banned and punishable by death in Naples, Italy around 1562. The reason?

To stop the spread of disease.

After reading the article, write down on a sheet of paper or type it here, your thoughts on these questions:

1. How do you believe the current cultural practice of shaking hands here in the US will change moving forward?

2. What about greetings in other countries? How might those change?

3. For how long do you think this change will last?

4. What do you think would be a better way to greet people other than a handshake or a hug? Get creative and have fun with it. Share your thoughts with your family and have a discussion, find out what they think.

MANY PEOPLE ARE DOING GOOD TO COMBAT THE FEAR AND ISOLATION OF THE

CORONAVIRUS

SHARING LOVE THROUGH MUSIC newsela.com

In the image to the left, Jodi Beder plays music on her cello from her front

porch in Mount Rainier, Maryland on March 25, 2020. Beder is a member the

group, A Musical Heart, which plays music to terminally ill patients. Beder’s

daily cello concert from her front porch is one example of hundreds of kind

gestures being made by people across the nation to fight the feelings of

isolation brought on by the coronavirus.

Teachers have been staging car parades in communities across the country where their homebound students live. In one Maryland neighborhood, teachers from a local school staged a 25-vehicle parade. “They sent us the route and information in advance,” said Stephanie Batchelor, whose two children attend Wayside Elementary School in Potomac, Maryland. “The local families stood outside waving and cheering greetings to their favorite teachers,” Batchelor said in an email. “It had us… a little choked up too to see how happy our children were.” She said, “It was such a bright spot in an otherwise difficult time.” Shilagh A. Mirgain, a psychologist at the University of Wisconsin, described this as “The ‘tend and befriend’ response, which we are seeing happening around the world.” On March 26, Mirgain said, “We are living in unprecedented times. There’s a lot of fear, anxiety and overwhelm and heartache.” The normal stress response of fight or flight doesn’t quite work in this case. People can tap into their natural “tend and befriend” impulse. While the pandemic surrounds communities, it is also cultivating well-being and a sense of hope. The coronavirus brings with it so many things that cannot be controlled, but people can offer kindness or compassion. This is the one thing people can control. “That is what the virus hasn’t touched, these innate capacities we have as humans,” Mirgain stated. People are good and when they see their neighbors struggle, they want to support one another in any way they can.

A man plays guitar from a balcony to raise his neighbor’s spirits after being locked down for six days in Milan, Italy.

Mascolo, Daniele. Reuters. 15 Mar 2020.

Residents perform Beethoven’s “Ode to Joy” on their instruments on their balcony in Weimar, Germany.

Bodo Schackowimage. Credit. AFP, 22 Mar 2020

SPREAD CHEER THROUGH CHRISTMAS LIGHTS www.thedenverchannel.com The social media trend of putting up Christmas Lights to spread cheer during the Covid-19 outbreak has been gathering steam. The trend appears to have begun with Milwaukee Brewer’s radio broadcaster Lane Grindle. He suggested that putting up Christmas lights would make a fun activity for families while still maintaining proper social distancing. Some lights are in the shape of a heart to remind the world there is still light and hope.

THE HEARTS UP CAMPAIGN www.hngnews.com Teachers initially started the Hearts Up movement as a way to keep kids busy during stay-at-home orders while they planned their remote learning lessons. First-grade teacher, Leslie Brissette saw an online post and credits kidsforpeaceglobal.org. Heather Henthorn, a parent, came up with the Happy Heart Hunt idea. Brissette liked the idea of displaying hearts in windows but thought it would be nice if people had a place to post pictures.

Though the initial thought was creating hearts to keep kids busy, it became much more. People of all ages have been

creating hearts and looking for them. “It’s looking for something to make you feel positive,” she said. “I think that’s the

big message.” Hearts have been made for various occupations: farmers, first responders, sanitary workers, truckers,

pharmacy workers, bank workers, grocery workers, non-profit workers, mail carriers, factory workers, dairy workers,

journalists, military, and everyone who is working to keep things going in these trying times. Bissette said, “Now people

are taking it to the next level and taking pictures that they find of hearts in nature and everywhere they find them, even

on their pet’s noses or fur.

SIDEWALK CHALK MAKES PEOPLE SMILE www.winknews.com The tough reality of quarentining at home is hitting our children. Sidewalk chalk is giving children a chance to show they care through pictures and messages to passers by. Some kids are creating hand-drawn exercise courses that take people through a series of twists, turns, and hops along the sidewalk. 8-year-old Chloe of Southwest Florida said, “We are just saying hi to all the little children that might not be with their friends right now.” Chloe also mentioned that she liked to watch adults walking their dogs try to follow her exercise course from the window seat in her bedroom.

BALCONY BANNERS Along the greenbelt in Boise, Idaho, people living in apartment buildings have been hanging positive banners to those who pass by as they walk along the river.

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Western Geographical Perspectives