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What is Development?. Francis Fukuyama Center for Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law July 23, 2012. Dimensions of Development. Economic Growth. Source: Gregory Clarke, A Farewell to Alms (2007), p. 195. Source: Clarke (2007), p. 2. Dimensions of Development. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Francis FukuyamaCenter for Democracy, Development,
and the Rule of LawJuly 23, 2012
What is Development?
Dimensions of Development
Economic Growth
Source: Gregory Clarke, A Farewell to Alms (2007), p. 195
Source: Clarke (2007), p. 2
Dimensions of Development
Economic Growth Social Mobilization
“the division of labor is limited by the extent of the market”
Classic Social TheoryAdam Smith (1723-1790): “ The division of
labor is limited by the extent of the market”
Henry Maine (1822-1888): Status to contract
Émile Durkheim (1858-1917): Mechanical to organic solidarity, anomie
Max Weber (1864-1920): Charismatic to bureaucratic/rational authority
Ferdinand Tönnies (1855-1936): Gemeinschaft to Gesellschaft
Dimensions of Development
Economic Growth Social Mobilization
State-building Rule of Law Accountability
Political Development
“the division of labor is limited by the extent of the market”
Dimensions of Development
Economic Growth Social Mobilization
State-building Rule of Law Accountability
“the division of labor is limited by the extent of the market”
Dimensions of Development
Economic Growth Social Mobilization
Ideas/Legitimacy
State-building Rule of Law Accountability
The Modern Development Paradigm
Economic Growth Social Mobilization
Legitimacy
State-building Rule of Law Democracy
South Korea, 1954-1999
Economic Growth Social Mobilization
Legitimacy
State-building Rule of Law Democracy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The Huntington Paradigm of Political Decay
Economic Growth Social Mobilization
Legitimacy
State-building Rule of Law Democracy
= negative causal relationship
Russia in the 1990s
Economic Growth Social Mobilization
Ideas/Legitimacy
State-building Rule of Law Democracy
Political Development
State-building Rule of LawAccountability
Democracy and Good GovernanceCurrent orthodoxy
In democracies, the median voter will demand efficient services and punish corrupt officials
Problems with this theoryVoters may not have sufficient informationVoters may not be organizedVoters may be organized ethnically, religiously,
or clientelisticallyClientelism as an early form of accountabilityPopulist opposition to elite bureaucracy
Democracy and Rule of LawIn Europe, rule of law preceded not just
democracy but also the modern stateNon-western RoL systems collapsed after
contact with WestZakaria argument that RoL should be
sequenced before democracyCases in modern times virtually a null set
Singapore and Hong Kong as deviant examples
No constituency for RoL without democracyIslamists a possible example
But can have democracy without RoL
