What is life expectancy?

Why infant mortality?

Human development indicatorsHuman development indicatorshealthhealth

Life expectancyLife expectancy is the average age to which a is the average age to which a person lives.person lives.

Infant mortalityInfant mortality rate counts the number of rate counts the number of babies, per 1,000 live births, who die under the babies, per 1,000 live births, who die under the age of one year.age of one year.

Population per doctorPopulation per doctor

Life expectancyLife expectancy

What is it birth rate?

What is it death rate?

What is it natural increase?

Human development indicatorsHuman development indicatorspopulationpopulation

birth ratebirth rate – the number of live births per 1000 – the number of live births per 1000 people per yearpeople per year

death ratedeath rate – the number of deathsper 1000 – the number of deathsper 1000 people per yearpeople per year

natural increasenatural increase – the growth in population – the growth in population resulting from difference in births over deathsresulting from difference in births over deaths

Natural population increaseNatural population increase

Human development indicatorsHuman development indicators

Poverty indicesPoverty indices count the percentage of people living count the percentage of people living below the poverty level, or on very small incomes (eg below the poverty level, or on very small incomes (eg under £1 per day).under £1 per day).

AccessAccess to basic servicesto basic services measures the availability of measures the availability of services necessary for a healthy life, such as clean services necessary for a healthy life, such as clean water and sanitation.water and sanitation.

Access to healthcareAccess to healthcare takes into account statistics such takes into account statistics such as how many doctors there are for every patient.as how many doctors there are for every patient.

Human development indicatorsHuman development indicators

Risk of diseaseRisk of disease calculates the percentage of people with calculates the percentage of people with dangerous diseases such as AIDs, malaria, tuberculosis, dangerous diseases such as AIDs, malaria, tuberculosis, etc.etc.

Access to educationAccess to education measures how many people attend measures how many people attend primary school, secondary school and higher primary school, secondary school and higher education.education.

LiteracyLiteracy rate is the percentage of adults who can read rate is the percentage of adults who can read and write.and write.

LiteracyLiteracy

Human development indicatorsHuman development indicators

Access to technology,Access to technology, includes statistics such as the includes statistics such as the percentage of people with access to phones, mobile percentage of people with access to phones, mobile phones, television and the internet.phones, television and the internet.

Male/female equalityMale/female equality compares statistics such as the compares statistics such as the literacy rates and employment between the sexes.literacy rates and employment between the sexes.

Government spending prioritiesGovernment spending priorities compares health and compares health and education expenditure with military expenditure and education expenditure with military expenditure and paying off debts.paying off debts.

What is Human development index?

What does it measure?

Development indicesDevelopment indices

The Human Development Index (HDI) The Human Development Index (HDI) is measure of life expectancy, literacy, is measure of life expectancy, literacy, education, standard of living, and GDP education, standard of living, and GDP per capita for countries worldwide. It is per capita for countries worldwide. It is a standard means of measuring well-a standard means of measuring well-beingbeing.. It is used to determine whether a It is used to determine whether a country is a developed, developing, or country is a developed, developing, or underdeveloped country.underdeveloped country.

Development indicesDevelopment indices

maximum score is 1,000 and maximum is maximum score is 1,000 and maximum is 0,0000,000

countries with HDI exceeding 0,900 are countries with HDI exceeding 0,900 are MEDCsMEDCs

countries with HDI below 0,900 are LEDCscountries with HDI below 0,900 are LEDCs

HDIHDI

What does Human development index help us to see?

HDIHDI

measures differences within a countrymeasures differences within a country

shows where the powerty is the worstshows where the powerty is the worst

helps a country to set targests for improvementhelps a country to set targests for improvement

What is sustainable development?

Sustainable developmentSustainable development

is satisfying our need and using the resources is satisfying our need and using the resources to such extent a in such way that it does not to such extent a in such way that it does not limitate the ability of future generation to meet limitate the ability of future generation to meet their own needstheir own needs

Sustainable developmentSustainable development

development at a pace that is affordabledevelopment at a pace that is affordable

developing appropriate technologydeveloping appropriate technology

using resources without harming environmentusing resources without harming environment

looking alternative nature-friendly wayslooking alternative nature-friendly ways

What is the difference between sustainable and not sustainable development?

Sustainable developmentSustainable development

family planning family planning hight birth ratehight birth rate controlled urban growthcontrolled urban growth loss of countrisideloss of countriside renewable energyrenewable energy using fosil fuelsusing fosil fuels soil conservationsoil conservation soil erosionsoil erosion clean water supplyclean water supply pollution of waterpollution of water recycleing materialsrecycleing materials roducing a lot of wasteroducing a lot of waste ecoturismecoturism mass turismmass turism

What is it import, export, trade and interdepencence?

InterdependenceInterdependence no country is no country is self-sufficientself-sufficient

that is why we must trade – we are that is why we must trade – we are interdependentinterdependent

tradetrade is the flow of commodities from producers to is the flow of commodities from producers to consumersconsumers

importimport – raw materials, goods and services bought by a – raw materials, goods and services bought by a countrycountry

exportexport – raw materials, goods and services sold by a – raw materials, goods and services sold by a countrycountry

What is the trade of less developed countries like?

Trade of LEDCsTrade of LEDCs

primary goods exported in raw stateprimary goods exported in raw state often only a few items are soldoften only a few items are sold prices rise slowlyprices rise slowly total trade is smalltotal trade is small profits often taken by transnational comp.profits often taken by transnational comp. sensitive to economic crisessensitive to economic crises

What is the trade of more developed countries like?

Trade of MEDCsTrade of MEDCs

secondary, manufactured goodssecondary, manufactured goods wide range of items wide range of items prices rise more quicklyprices rise more quickly total trade is largetotal trade is large profits returned back by exporting comp.profits returned back by exporting comp. less affected by economic recessionless affected by economic recession