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World History I SOL Review Packet Part III
SOL 7 Byzantine Empire
1. Label Constantinople on the map below.
2.
What was the significance of Justinian’s Code? Codified R_______ law and influenced E________ legal c_______
3. her contributions to the Byzantine Empire? R__________ of former Roman t_____________ and e__________ of trade
4. Label the following Byzantine achievements in art and architecture:
M________ I______ H_______ S________
5. How did Greek and Roman culture survive within the Byzantine Empire? Spoke G______ language, Greek O_________ Christianity, and Greek and Roman k__________ were preserved in l__________
6. What factors led to the division within in Christian Church? C__________ and p__________ differences, such as the use of icons, led to the d__________
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7. Make a chart in the space below comparing the Eastern Orthodox Church with the Western Roman Catholic Church.
Eastern Orthodox Church
-‐C_________ in Constantinople -‐C______ to the seat of power after Constantinople became capital
-‐Use of G_________ language in the liturgy
-‐Headed by a P_______
Roman Catholic Church
-‐Centered in R_______ -‐F________ from the seat of power after Constantinople became capital
-‐Use of L________ language in the liturgy
-‐Headed by the P______
8. Why and how did the Byzantine Empire have so much influence on religion, culture, and trade in Russia and Eastern Europe? t______ routes between B______ Sea and the B______ Sea, adoption of Orthodox C______ by R______ and much of E______ Europe, adoption of Greek a______ for the S______ languages by St. C_____, and church a__________ and religious a__
9. What is the name and who created the alphabet below? Why was it created? C______ alphabet by St. Cyril, created to spread C_________
SOL 8 Islamic Civilization
10. Who was the founder of Islam? M__________, the Prophet
11. Label where the Islamic religion originated and where it spread to on the map below:
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Origins of Islam • M_______ and M__________ on the A________ Peninsula: Early Muslim cities
Spread of Islam • Across A_____ and A_________ and into S_______ • Geographic extent of first M________ empire
12. Make a chart below listing the beliefs, traditions, and customs of Islam:
Beliefs, traditions, and customs of Islam • M__________,: A________ (Arabic word for God) • Q_______ (K_____): The word of God • Five P_______ of Islam • Acceptance of J_____-‐_______ prophets, including M_________ and J________
13. According to the map below, what two physical barriers did the spread of Islam have to endure: M__________ and d________
14. What language spread with Islam? A________
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15. Complete the chart below: Islamic Turning Point Description Significance
Death of A_____
Argument over who should rule after d______ ofMuhammad: Abu Bakr (Muhammad’s companion) or Ali, Muhammad’s cousin and son in law
Islam split into two groups, the S______, who believe that Ali was the rightful heir appointed divinely through Muhammad, and the S________, who believe Muhammad did not appoint anyone, and who recognize Abu Bakr and the c_______ as the rightful successors
Muslim conquests of J_______ and D__________
Muslims under the Ummayad Caliphate e______ the empire
Islam spread to the holy cities for J______ and
C_________
Abassid dynasty
Capital is moved to
B_______
Islamic Empire begins its g________ age
Battle of T_______
Muslims were defeated
Islam did not spread completely into continental E______, was limited to S______
Fall of Baghdad to the
M________
Mongols overcome the
Islamic empire
End of the “Golden Age of
Islam”
16. What is the name of the building below? Label where it is located on the provided map.
D_____ of the R______—located in J__________ (aka Palestine, the Holy land for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
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17. How did the Islamic civilization preserve and extend ancient Greek, Persian, and Indian learning?
The Islamic civilization translated a_________ texts into A_______. Unlike the Byzantine Empire (which only preserved the ancient texts), the Muslim Empire actually continued the ancient
G_______ studies and Roman architectural a__________. They established u__________ and constructed many great buildings, such as the Dome of the Rock.
Cultural contributions and achievements • Architecture (Dome of the Rock) • M________ • Arabic a________ • Universities • Translation of ancient texts into Arabic
18. Give the chart below a proper title:
Muslim Achievements
Arabic
N__________
A__________(Math)
M__________(Science)
Geographic Knowledge
SOL 9 Early Middle Ages
19. Who had the most power during the Middle Ages? Why?
The C_______ was the most powerful institution in the Middle Ages. C_______ was the one thing that unified Western Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The clergy were the only ones who learned to read and write, in order that they might p_______ and copy biblical texts. Over time people relied on them to keep r_______ of secular events and matters, as well.
During the Middle Ages, the Pope a_______ the E_______, m_________ carried Christianity to the
G_______ tribes, and the Church served the social, political, and religious needs of the people.
20. What 3 elements made the foundation for early medieval society? a. Classical heritage of R_____ b. C_______ beliefs c. Customs of Germanic t_______
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21. Give examples of how the Catholic Church influenced medieval society?
Influence of the Roman Catholic Church • S_______ authority declined, while Church a_______ grew. • M_______ preserved G_____-‐_______ cultural achievements. • Missionaries carried Christianity and Latin a__________ to Germanic tribes. • The P______ anointed C__________ Emperor in 800 A.D. (C.E.) • Parish p______ served religious and social needs of the people.
22. In the space below, draw a chart that explains the Medieval Feudal System:
23. Why did Western Europe develop the feudal system?
F_________ developed in E_______ in response to the breakdown in central authority in the F________ empire following C_________’s death and also because of the instability and chaos caused by the numerous i_________ in the 9th and 10th centuries, esp. by the V_________ from Scandinavia. It was a way of life that involved agreements, promises, and exchanges between different groups of people to help them live together. It involved social, economic and political relationships.
Feudal society during the Middle Ages • F_____—land grants given in exchange for service • V_________ —n_______ who served as leaders of armies and certain sections of a king or lord’s land • S_____—individuals (p_______) bound to land they were born—not allowed to leave • Feudal o__________—services owed in exchange for land or the right to use the land (ex. Peasants owed labor in exchange for being allowed to live and eat off the land)
24. What was the manorial system? An e_________ and s_________ system based on the ownership and distribution of land in e_________ for services.
The m________ system was s___-‐_________ (provided everything basic that was needed; only needed to import salt and iron; few luxury goods were available). It was a system that included a very rigid s____ structure (everyone belonged to a certain class and was not allowed to become part of a different class).
25. Who was Charlemagne and why was he significant in the Middle Ages?
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Charlemagne was the son of Pepin the Short (son of Charles “the Hammer” M______). Charlemagne inherited a position of king of the F______. He was the only leader successful at uniting the W_________ European region during the Middle Ages. He united the Frankish lands into one e_______, under himself as the king. He was crowned H______ R________ Emperor by the Pope himself. Thus, he used Christianity to unite the Franks as well.
Age of Charlemagne • Franks emerged as a force in Western Europe. • The Pope crowned the Emperor. • Power of the Church was established in p________ life. • Roman c________ was reinterpreted. • Most of Western E________ was included in the new empire. • Churches, r______, and s_______ were built to unite the empire.
26. On the map below, outline Charlemagne’s Empire:
27. Who were the Vikings and how did they influence the development of Europe during the Middle Ages?
Influence of the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings • Manors with c________ provided p________ from i________, reinforcing the feudal system. • Invasions disrupted t_____, towns d_______, and the feudal system was s__________
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28. Using the map below, label the following: Migration of Angles and Saxons Migration of Magyars Migration of Vikings
Areas of settlement • A______ and S______ migrated from continental Europe to E_______. • M_______ migrated from Central A_____ to H________. • V________ migrated from S________ to R_______. SOL 10 Eastern Hemisphere 29. Label the following trade routes on the map below. Use a
different color for each trade route and create a key: -‐ Silk Road -‐ Maritime Routes -‐ Trans-‐Saharan Routes -‐ Northern European Routes -‐ Western European Routes -‐ South China Sea Route
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Major trade patterns of the Eastern Hemisphere from 1000 to 1500 A.D. (C.E.) • S_____ Routes across Asia to the M_____________ basin • Maritime routes across the I________ Ocean • T____-‐S_________ routes across North Africa • Northern European links with the B______ Sea • W________ European sea and river trade • South C______ Sea and lands of Southeast A_____ 30. What is cultural diffusion? Give an example.
S_______ of an idea from one group of people to a__________ Example: dome—Romans originally adopted from the Etruscans; the dome was later used in the
Byzantine Empire, the Muslim empire, and post-‐Mongol Russia (Ivan the Great’s time)
31. How did trade facilitate the diffusion of goods and ideas among different culture?
Trade caused peoples from one region to come into contact with peoples from other regions. The following are some ways that ideas were spread from one culture to another:
Technology • P______ from China through the Muslim world to B__________ and Western Europe • New c_____ from India (e.g., for making sugar) • W___________ and w__________ from the Middle East • Navigation: C_______ from China, lateen s______ from Indian Ocean region Ideas • Spread of r_________ across the hemisphere – B__________ from China to K______ and J______ – H_________ and Buddhism from I______ to Southeast Asia – I________ into West Africa, Central and S_________ Asia • Printing and paper m_______ from China
32. Using the map below, locate and label where the following goods and technology came from. Gold, Spices, Textiles, Porcelain, Amber, Paper, Making Sugar, Waterwheels, Windmills, Compass, and Lateen Sail.
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Goods • G_____ from West Africa • S_______ from lands around the Indian Ocean • T________ from India, China, the Middle East, and later Europe • P_________ from China and Persia • A_______ from the Baltic region
33. How did Japan’s geography influence its development?
• M___________ Japanese a__________ (four main islands) • Sea of Japan or E_____ Sea between Japan and Asian m________ • P____________ to China and Korea
34. Give 3 specific examples of how Chinese culture influenced Japan.
• W__________ • Architecture • B__________
35. Give a title to the chart below: Shintoism -‐ E_______ religion unique to J_______ -‐ Importance of natural features, forces of n_______, and ancestors -‐ S_______ religion, worship of the e_______ -‐ C_________ with Buddhism
Amber
(later)
Porcelain (Persia)
Porcelain Textiles
Spices
Gold
Gold Spices
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36. Using the map below, label the following African Civilizations: Axum, Zimbabwe, Ghana, Mali, Songhai, and City of Timbuktu
37. What were the characteristics of the civilizations mentioned in question 113?
Axum • Location relative to the E_______ Highlands and the N_______ River • C_______ kingdom Zimbabwe • Location relative to the Z_______ and L_______ rivers and the Indian Ocean coast • City of “G_____ Z_________” as capital of a p_________ empire West African kingdoms—Ghana, Mali, (Songhai) • Location of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai empires relative to N_______ River and the S_______ • Importance of gold and s______ to trans-‐ Saharan trade • City of T_______ as center of trade and l_______ • Roles of a_______ and Islam
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115. Complete the following chart: Mayan Aztec Incan
Location
Famous City
Government
Economy
Religion
Achievements
Mayan civilization • Located in the M_____ and C_______ American r____ f_______ • Represented by C_______ I_____ • Groups of city-‐s______ ruled by kings • Economy based on a__________ and trade • Polytheistic religion: P_______ Aztec civilization • Located in a_____ valley in central M_______ • Represented by T_________ • Ruled by an e_______ • Economy based on agriculture and t_______ from c_______ peoples • Polytheistic religion: Pyramids, r_______ Incan civilization • Located in the A_____ Mountains of S_____ America • Represented by M_______ P_______ • Ruled by an emperor • Economy based on high-‐a_________ agriculture • P_______ religion • r_______ system Achievements of Mayan, Aztec, and Incan civilizations • C_______ • M_______ • Writing and other r_______ -‐keeping systems
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116. Label the civilizations in questions 115 on the map below:
