Homework Syllabus for the 2015-2016 School YearUS History and Government Ms. Napp

U.S. History and Government is a course that examines the chronological history of the United States as well as the essential principles of American government but it is also a journey that begins with the formulation of certain fundamental ideals; ideals that will guide a new nation conceived in liberty to the present day. It is a dramatic story of how a new nation realizes those fundamental principles in the midst of changing conditions and changing circumstances. Yes, it is the story of a new nation but it is also the story of its enduring Constitution. It is a story of many people becoming one nation; e pluribus unum. It is the journey of all Americans, from the indigenous men and women who first settled the land to the earliest colonists who conceived the idea of a new nation; it is the story of the Africans who were forced to labor the land and to the immigrants who helped develop the land. It is the story of America’s tremendous diversity and its enduring ability to unite its diverse people under the banner of its ideals; liberty and justice for all.

To ensure that students are provided meaningful opportunities to examine the chronological history of the American nation and its fundamental principles and ideals, the homework syllabus has been created. The homework syllabus will provide questions as well as the corresponding pages in the textbook to help students answer the questions. Students must rewrite each question before answering each question and are encouraged to draw images or diagrams that will help reinforce the information learned.

Ultimately, all students can achieve academic success in the U.S. History and Government classroom. The homework syllabus is designed to help students achieve academic mastery.

Required Materials for the Completion of the Homework Syllabus:

1- The Textbook (All students will be issued a copy of The American Vision) 2- Ms. Napp’s Social Studies Webpage

Note: Ms. Napp’s Social Studies Webpage is available at the following link:http://www.whiteplainspublicschools.org//Domain/353

3- Castle LearningNote: Questions are assigned weekly.

“Practice is the best of all instructors.”~ Publilius Syrus

A Note about Ms. Napp’s Homework Philosophy: Homework is an opportunity for reflection and analysis of the key concepts, events, and themes of U.S. History and Government. Homework is an opportunity to practice essential skills such as analytical reading and writing. Homework is also a vehicle to practice and master the facts of the U.S. History and Government curriculum. Finally, the completion of homework will lead to the creation of a superb review document for examinations. As such, all students are encouraged to maintain neat and accurate homework assignments and to preserve these assignments for their future preparation for examinations.

The Assignments:Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- The Columbian Exchange – Definition, Effects on Europe, and Effects on Native American Indians: particularly disease and the introduction of African slavery (pp. 42-45)

2- Jamestown – Location, Difficulties, John Smith, Pocahontas, Tobacco, and the House of Burgesses (pp. 62-63)

3- Lord Baltimore – Beliefs and the founding of Maryland (p. 64)4- The Pilgrims – Beliefs, the Mayflower, and Squanto (pp. 66-67)5- Anne Hutchinson – Beliefs and the colony of Rhode Island (pp.

69-70)6- King Philip’s War – Relations between Native American Indians

and settlers as well as causes and effects of the war (p. 71)7- New Netherland – How it was established and how it became

New York (pp. 73-74)8- The Quakers and Pennsylvania - Beliefs and how a colony was

founded for the Quakers (p. 75)9- Georgia – Why the colony was founded and the rules for the

colony as well as what happened when the settlers objected to the colony’s rules (p. 76)

10- Draw a map of the Thirteen Colonies – Use the map titled “Settlement of the Colonies, 1587-1700” (p. 81)

11- The Southern Economy – Describe the class system of the Southern Colonies and the plantation system (pp. 84-85)

12- Indentured Servants – Define and explain this system (p. 86)13- Bacon’s Rebellion – Causes and effects of the rebellion (pp. 87-

89)14- Slavery in the Colonies – The Middle Passage, the number of

Africans who reached the Americas, and the destinations of slaves (pp. 89 – 90)

15- The Geography of New England and its Effects – What industries developed in New England due to rocky soil and a short growing season (pp. 92 – 93)

16- Triangular Trade – Colonies, England, and Caribbean (p. 95)17- Mercantilism – Beliefs (p. 98)18- The Navigation Acts – What the Navigation Act stated (p. 99)

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Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term) 9/16

1- John Locke – What he wrote and the concept of natural rights (pp. 101 – 102)

2- John Peter Zenger – Why he was arrested and how his case contributed to freedom of press (p. 106)

3- Slavery and the Stono Rebellion – Treatment of slaves in South Carolina and the cause and effect of the Stono Rebellion (p. 107)

4- The Enlightenment and Its Philosopher s – What was the Enlightenment and the ideas of John Locke and Baron Montesquieu (p. 108)

5- The Great Awakening – What it was, Jonathan Edwards, and what the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening were (p. 108-109)

6- The Causes of the French and Indian War – (pp. 116-117)7- The Albany Plan of Union – What it was and what it showed? (p.

117)8- The Treaty of Paris – What it stated and its effects (p. 118)9- The Proclamation Act of 1763 – Why did Pontiac, chief of the

Ottawa people, go to war against the British; why the British were not surprised; and what the Proclamation line was (p. 119)

10- George Grenville – Who he was; what he had to find a way to do; and what he convinced Parliament to do (p. 119)

11- The Sugar Act – What it was and why the colonists complained about it (p. 120)

12- James Otis – Who he was and what he argued (p. 120)13- The Stamp Act – What it was (p. 120-121)14- The Quartering Act – What it was (p. 121)15- The Stamp Act Congress – What it did; how the boycott hurt

Britain; and what the British finally did to the Stamp Act (pp. 121-122)

16- The Townshend Acts – How the acts affected the colonists (p. 122)

17- Writs of Assistance – Definition and why writs of assistance angered the colonists (p. 122)

18- The Boston Massacre – What happened and its effects (p. 123)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)1- The Boston Tea Party – Why Parliament passed the Tea Act;

what the Tea Act stated; why it enraged colonial merchants; and what colonists did in Boston Harbor in December 1773 (p. 127)

2- The Coercive Acts – How these laws were intended to punish Massachusetts and end colonial challenges to British authority (pp. 127-128)

3- The Quebec Act – What it was and why it angered colonists so much that they called the Coercive and Quebec Acts the Intolerable Acts (p. 128)

4- The First Continental Congress – Who met and what was

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expressed in the Declaration of Rights and Grievances (pp. 128-129)

5- The Revolution Begins – When it began; what event started it; and who were the minute-men (p. 129)

6- Loyalists and Patriots – Define each group and what Patriot groups did even before the Revolution (p. 129)

7- Lexington and Concord – What happened at Lexington and Concord (p. 130)

8- The Second Continental Congress – What it did (pp. 130-131)9- The Olive Branch Petition – What it was and why the king did

not accept it (p. 131)10- Common Sense – Who wrote it; what it stated; and how it

changed the minds of colonists (pp. 132-133)11- The Declaration of Independence – what is stated in the

Preamble; facts about natural rights and consent of the governed; and what grievances were listed (pp. 134-136)

12- Opening Moves of The War for Independence – why did Washington move much of his army to Long Island and Manhattan Island; the inexperience of Washington’s troops; what mistakes did the British make; and what happened to Nathan Hale (p. 140)

13- France Enters the War – when did France finally and formally enter the war on the American side and what were the French waiting for (top of p. 142)

14- The Battle of Saratoga – Why it was a turning point (p. 142)15- The Battle of Yorktown – What happened and why it was

significant (pp. 144-145)16- The Treaty of Paris – What it stated and when it was written (p.

145)17- New Political Ideas – Define a republic and why Americans

believed that a republican society could be better than other societies (pp. 147-148)

18- The Articles of Confederation – What it established and how the government it established functioned as well as what Congress could not do (p. 159)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- The Northwest Ordinance – Why and how the Confederation Congress needed to raise money; what the Land Ordinance of 1785 was; and what the Northwest Ordinance was (p. 159)

2- Shays’s Rebellion – What caused the rebellion; how the rebellion ended; and why people began arguing for a stronger central government (pp. 161-162)

3- The Constitutional Convention – Significant facts/people (pp. 164-165)

4- The Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan – Describe the plans and in particular how the legislature was to be divided and what

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would determine the number of representatives for each state (p. 168)

5- The Connecticut Compromise (The Great Compromise) – Describe the plan and in particular, Congress and representation in the House of Representatives and the Senate (p. 167)

6- The Three-Fifths Compromise – What it was (pp. 167-168)7- A Framework for Limited Government – Define popular

sovereignty, federalism, separation of powers, and the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government (p. 168)

8- Checks and Balances – Define the concept and provide examples of how it works as well as define veto and impeach (p. 168-169)

9- Amending the Constitution – Explain how it works (p. 169)10- Federalists – What they wanted and who supported them and

why (p. 173)11- Antifederalists – What they wanted and who supported them

and why (p. 173)12- The Federalist – What factors worked against the Antifederalists

and what The Federalist – also known as The Federalist Papers – was (pp. 173-174)

13- Major Principles of the Constitution – Define again but in greater detail the following concepts: popular sovereignty, federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances (pp. 180-182)

14- The Role of Congress – Explain its role in government – be sure to include its two houses; define appropriates and impeach; explain where all tax and spending bills originate; the special powers of the Senate; and define constituents (pp. 182-183)

15- The Executive Branch – What it includes and the president’s roles (pp. 183-184)

16- The Judicial Branch – What district courts, appellate courts, and the Supreme Court do; and why the Supreme Court is the least public of the government’s branches (pp. 184-185)

17- The Preamble to the U.S. Constitution and the Elastic Clause – Write the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution word for word (p. 189) and then summarize the meaning of the Elastic Clause (p. 193)

18- The Bill of Rights – What it is (p. 211) and then write the main idea of each of the First Ten Amendments to the Constitution (p. 182)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)1- The Tariff of 1789 – What it was and why it angered

Southerners (pp. 211-212)

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2- Hamilton’s Financial Program – What Alexander Hamilton asked Congress to accept and why he asked Congress to accept this as well as define bond (p. 212)

3- The Bank of the United States – Why did Alexander Hamilton ask Congress to create a national bank; why did Southerners oppose his plan; what did Madison argue about why Congress could not establish a bank; and why did Hamilton disagree with Madison (pp. 212-213)

4- The Whiskey Rebellion – Why were Western farmers enraged about the tax on the manufacture of whiskey; what happened in the summer of 1794; and how did Washington respond to the rebellion (p. 213)

5- Hamilton and the Federalists – What Hamilton favored; why he felt that democracy was dangerous to liberty; which groups he favored to govern; and what he believed was the basis of national wealth and power (p. 214)

6- Jefferson and the Republicans – How did Jefferson’s point of view differ from Hamilton’s ideas about government and society (p. 214)

7- The Farewell Address – What President George Washington warned Americans about – be specific and note two warnings (pp. 217-218)

8- The Quasi-War with France – What the French had begun to do; the XYZ Affair; and what the Quasi-War was (p. 218)

9- The Alien and Sedition Acts – Define alien; how the acts affected aliens; why the acts weakened Republican support; define sedition; and what the Sedition Act deprived citizens of (p. 219)

10- The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions – Why it was written; define interposition; what the Kentucky Resolution stated; and define nullification (p. 219)

11- The Election of 1800 – What flaw was revealed in the system for selecting the president; what the Electoral College is; and what the outcome of the election was (p. 219)

12- Marbury v. Madison – Who was John Marshall; the facts of the Marbury v. Madison case; and define judicial review (p. 223)

13- The Louisiana Purchase – How Napoleon got Louisiana back; what Napoleon was doing by 1803; why Napoleon offered to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States; and what was the result of the Louisiana Purchase deal (pp. 223-224)

14- The Lewis and Clark Expedition – What the expedition was to trace; who Lewis and Clark were; the importance of Sacagawea; and what the expedition accomplished (p. 224)

15- Impressment – Why the British navy was short of recruits; what impressment was; and what happened in June 1807 (p. 225)

16- Embargo – What the Embargo Act of 1807 was; define

embargo; and why the embargo hurt the United States more than France of Britain (p. 225)

17- Tecumseh and Tippecanoe – Who Tecumseh was; the Battle of Tippecanoe; what Tecumseh’s flight to British-held Canada seemed to prove; what many Western farmers argued about war with Britain; and what President Madison asked Congress to do in early June 1812 (pp. 229-230)

18- The Treaty of Ghent – What it restored and what it increased (p. 232)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- McCulloch v. Maryland –What Maryland attempted to do; what Marshall wrote in the Court’s opinion; what did Marshall mean when he argued that the federal government was “supreme in its own sphere of action,” and what was unconstitutional (p. 242-243)

2- Gibbons v. Ogden – What a company that had a state-granted monopoly over steamboat traffic in New York waters tried to do; what the Supreme Court declared; according to the Court, what institution controlled interstate commerce; what the Court believed interstate commerce meant; and what the case ensured regarding federal law and state law (p. 243)

3- Jackson Invades Florida – Why Florida was a source of anger and frustration for Southerners; who the Seminole were; what the Seminole did; what General Andrew Jackson did; what the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819 stated (pp. 243-244)

4- The Monroe Doctrine – What happened to all of Spain’s colonies on the American mainland and what Spain’s once vast empire had been reduced to; what the Quadruple Alliance raised the possibility of; why Great Britain and the United States were not pleased; and what the Monroe Doctrine was (p. 244)

5- The Erie Canal – Facts about the Erie Canal – read the “An American Story” excerpt (p. 245)

6- The National Road – Facts about the National Road and also why it turned out to be the only great federally funded transportation project of its time (p. 246)

7- Steamboats and Canals – Why rivers were important for transportation; how and why the steamboat and Robert Fulton stunned the nation; and what the “iron horse” was (p. 247)

8- The Industrial Revolution – Facts about this revolution (p. 247)9- Industrialization Sweeps the North – Why industry developed in

early 1800s; define free enterprise; how states encouraged industrialization; why it began in the Northeast (p.248)

10- Francis C. Lowell – What he did and who the company employed and why (p. 248)

11- Eli Whitney – What he popularized and how he changed

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production (p. 248)12- The Rise of Large Cities – Facts about the growing cities (p. 249)13- Workers Begin to Organize – Facts about labor unions and why

unions had little success during this time (p. 249)14- Cotton Becomes King – What Eli Whitney noticed during a visit

to the South in 1793; what the cotton gin was; what was happening in Europe; why Southerners said, “Cotton is king,” and what the cotton gin strengthened (pp. 252-253)

15- Slavery – The difference between the task system and the gang system (pp. 253-254)

16- Resistance and Rebellion – Facts about Denmark Vesey and Nat Turner (p. 256)

17- The Election of 1828 – Facts about the election and in particular, facts about Andrew Jackson and his supporters (p. 260)

18- Stumping for Old Hickory – What does the campaign poster for Andrew Jackson in the 1828 presidential election inform voters about (p. 260)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- The People’s President – Facts about Andrew Jackson (p. 267)2- The Spoils System – What it was and how it worked (p.267)3- A More Open Electoral System – How the national nominating

convention differs from the caucus system (p. 268)4- The Debate over Nullification – Explain the Tariff of

Abominations; define secede; explain nullification; and identify what Daniel Webster said about the Union (pp. 268-269)

5- Policies Toward Native Americans – What the Indian Removal Act was; the Supreme Court’s ruling in Worcester v. Georgia; and the Trail of Tears (pp.269-270)

6- Jackson and the National Bank – What the National Bank did; why many western farmers were unhappy with the National Bank’s lending policies; and what Andrew Jackson did to the National Bank (pp. 270-271)

7- Newcomers from Ireland and Germany – Facts about Irish and German immigrants (p. 274)

8- Nativism – Define nativism; explain what nativists did; and identify facts about the Know-Nothings (pp. 274-275)

9- The Temperance Movement – Why alcohol was a problem in American society; define temperance; and what temperance groups preached and pushed for (p. 279)

10- Women Seek Greater Rights – Facts about the Seneca Falls Convention as well as Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton (p. 282)

11- American Colonization Society – Facts about the society (p. 285)12- The New Abolitionists – What abolitionists argued; facts about

David Walker; and facts about William Lloyd Garrison as well

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as the Liberator and define emancipation (pp. 285-286)13- African American Abolitionists –Identify significant facts about

Frederick Douglass and the North Star as well as Sojourner Truth (pp. 286-287)

14- Americans Head West – Define Manifest Destiny (p. 295)15- Dividing Oregon – Identify facts about American settlers in

Oregon (p. 295)16- Populating California – Identify facts about California and its

relationship to Mexico as well as the German immigrant, John Sutter and American settlers in California (p. 295)

17- The Trails West – Identify facts about Kit Carson, Jim Bridger, and the Oregon Trail (p. 295)

18- The Mormon Migration – How the Mormons differed from others bound for the West Coast; facts about Brigham Young; and facts about the Mormon Trail (p. 297)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Opening Texas to Americans – Why the Mexican government invited Americans and other foreigners to settle in Texas; what new immigrants in Texas were required to do; and what Mexico did in 1830 due to its fear that there was an American plot to acquire Texas (pp. 300-301)

2- Texas Goes to War – Identify facts about the American settlers and their two conventions as well as what Mexican President Antonio López de Santa Anna did that convinced Stephen Austin that negotiations were impossible (pp. 301-302)

3- The Alamo – What happened at the Alamo and how it benefitted Sam Houston’s army (pp. 302-303)

4- The Battle of San Jacinto – What happened at the battle and why it was a turning point (pp. 303-304)

5- The Republic of Texas – What happened in September 1836; define annexation; and why the North and even President Andrew Jackson opposed annexation of Texas (p. 304)

6- The Election of 1844 – Identify facts about James K. Polk as well as his campaign promises about acquiring new lands; why Polk won the election; explain “Fifty-four Forty or Fight;” how Oregon entered the Union; and facts about the annexation of Texas and be sure to include conflict over Texas’s southwestern border (pp. 307-308)

7- The War with Mexico – What General Zachary Taylor did and why war was declared (p. 309)

8- The Peace Treaty – Identify facts about the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and how Manifest Destiny was realized (p. 311)

9- The Wilmot Proviso – What it stated; why Polk was suspected of being “pro-Southern;” why Southerners were outraged; what the Senate refused to do (p. 321)

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10- Popular Sovereignty – What had divided the country along sectional lines; what Senator Lewis Cass proposed; define popular sovereignty; and what abolitionists argued about popular sovereignty (p. 321-322)

11- The Free-Soil Party Emerges – What groups formed the party; what the party opposed; and what most members of the party wanted to preserve (p. 322)

12- Forty-Niners Rush for Gold – Facts about the Forty-Niners and gold (p. 322)

13- The Missouri Compromise – To answer this question, turn back to pp. 257-258: Why tensions rose to a boiling point in 1819; the number of free states and slave states in 1819; what balance would be upset if a new state were admitted; what Missouri requested admission into the Union as; how Maine and Missouri were admitted to the Union; what the solution preserved; and what many people thought the Great Plains area north of Missouri was not suitable for (pp. 257-258)

14- The Great Debate Begins – The problem created by California entering the Union as a free state; what Southerners dreaded and why; Clay’s solution – what California would enter the Union as and what would happen to the rest of the Mexican cession; what happened to the slave trade in the District of Columbia; and explain the Fugitive Slave Act (p. 323-324)

15- The Compromise of 1850 – Facts about the Compromise of 1850 (p. 324)

16- Uncle Tom’s Cabin – Facts about the book; how Stowe changed Northern perceptions; how Stowe presented African Americans; and Southern reactions (pp. 326-327)

17- The Fugitive Slave Act – How Henry Clay conceived the law and what the law actually did; what the Fugitive Slave Act stated and more facts about the Fugitive Slave Act; what problems the Fugitive Slave Act created; and what happened to Henry Long (p. 327)

18- Northern Resistance Grows – What drove many Northerners into active defiance; what Frederick Douglass said about the Fugitive Slave Act; what Henry David Thoreau wrote about civil disobedience; and what Northern resistance became and why (p. 327)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)1- The Underground Railroad – What it was; facts about Harriet

Tubman; facts about the secret signals of Isaac Brandt; facts

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about Levi Coffin; and what the Underground Railroad deepened Southern mistrust of (pp. 327-328)

2- Profiles in History: Harriet Tubman – Facts about Harriet Tubman (p. 328)

3- The Transcontinental Railroad – What the opening of Oregon and the admission of California to the Union convinced Americans was needed; the benefits of a transcontinental railroad; what Southerners preferred regarding the route; facts about the Gadsden Purchase; what Stephen A. Douglas wanted for a transcontinental railroad; what Southerners demanded if Stephen A. Douglas wanted Nebraska organized (pp. 328-329)

4- Two New Territories (the Kansas-Nebraska Act) – What happened to the Missouri Compromise and what would happen to Nebraska and Kansas (pp. 329-330)

5- Bleeding Kansas – Describe the climate and soil of Kansas; what settlers to Kansas would likely bring; what Northerners did; facts about the “border ruffians,” why Kansas had two governments by March 1856, what happened in the town of Lawrence, and why newspapers dubbed the territory – “Bleeding Kansas” (pp. 330-331)

6- The Caning of Charles Sumner – Who Charles Sumner was and why he was caned (p. 331)

7- The Birth of the Republican Party – Who joined the new Republican Party; why they joined; why they took the name “Republican” and what republicans agreed on and what they disagreed on (pp. 332-333)

8- The Know-Nothings – Facts about the beliefs of the Know-Nothing Party and what happened to the party (pp. 333-334)

9- The Dred Scott Decision – Facts about Dred Scott; what the Supreme Court’s decision in the case was; what the Supreme Court decided regarding the Missouri Compromise; and what the Supreme Court said about slavery in the territories as well as how this affected the Republicans (pp. 334-335)

10- Kansas’s Lecompton Constitution – Facts about the Lecompton constitution (pp. 335-336)

11- Lincoln and Douglas – Facts about Abraham Lincoln; what he said about a house divided and what he meant; what Lincoln believed about slavery; what Stephen A. Douglas believed; explain Douglas’s Freeport Doctrine and why he said it; who won the Senate election in Illinois; and what reputation did Lincoln establish for himself (pp. 336-337)

12- John Brown’s Raid – Who he was; what he did; and what happened to him (pp. 337-338)

13- Frederick Douglass and Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass – Facts about Frederick Douglass and what happened when he was learning to read as well as what it taught him about

reading (p. 339)14- Turning Point – Lincoln Is Elected – Why the Republicans

nominated Lincoln as their candidate; what Republicans tried to persuade voters about their party; and who won the presidential election of 1860 (pp. 341-342)

15- Secession – Facts about the dissolution of the Union and Southern secession (p. 342)

16- Founding the Confederacy – Facts about the Confederate States of America or the Confederacy and facts about Jefferson Davis (p. 343)

17- Turning Point – Fort Sumter Falls – What happened at Fort Sumter and why it was a turning point (pp. 343-344)

18- The Upper South Secedes and the Border States – What Lincoln called for after the fall of Fort Sumter; what the Upper South did; and how Lincoln kept the border states (pp. 344-345)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Choosing Sides – Identify facts about Robert E. Lee and how the South was able to organize an effective fighting force quickly (pp. 350-351)

2- Advantages and Disadvantages – Identify significant advantages of the North in fighting the Civil War and be sure to focus on the North’s industries (p. 351-352)

3- Financing the War – What the financial advantages of the North were; what concern about the North’s ability to win the war caused; the problem with bonds; define greenbacks; and why raising money was more difficult in the South (p. 352)

4- Party Politics in the North – What Lincoln’s goal was; what War Democrats wanted; what Copperheads wanted; define conscription; define habeas corpus; why President Lincoln suspended writs of habeas corpus during the Civil War (pp. 352-353)

5- The South’s Strategy – What Jefferson Davis imaged the struggle of the Civil War would be similar to; what the South would do; and what a defensive war of attrition was (pp. 355-356)

6- The Union’s Anaconda Plan – What Winfield Scott proposed as a strategy for defeating the South; how and why it would work; and why the plan was called the Anaconda Plan (p. 356)

7- Turning Point – The Battle of Antietam – Why Lee decided to invade Maryland; what McClellan did; facts about the battle; how the outcome affected Britain’s plan (pp. 362-363)

8- The Emancipation Proclamation – How Republicans were divided on the issue of slavery; how Northern casualties affected views on slavery; identify significant facts about the

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Emancipation Proclamation; what the Proclamation did not address; and how the Proclamation transformed the conflict (p. 363)

9- African Americans in the Military – What the Emancipation Proclamation officially permitted; facts about African Americans in the military; and why the 54th Massachusetts was celebrated (p. 366)

10- The Role of Women in the War – Identify significant facts about women and the war effort as well as Florence Nightingale, Elizabeth Blackwell, the United States Sanitary Commission; and Clara Barton (p. 367-368)

11- Military Prisons – How the Emancipation Proclamation changed the Confederacy’s plan on exchanging prisoners; why Lincoln stopped all prisoner exchanges; and why the prison in Andersonville was infamous (p. 368)

12- Turning Point – The Battle of Gettysburg – What happened at Gettysburg; what was Pickett’s Charge and what was the aftermath of the battle (p. 371)

13- The Gettysburg Address – Why Lincoln came to Gettysburg in November 1863 and what Lincoln reminded his listeners about the nation (pp. 371-372)

14- Sherman’s March to the Sea – Identify facts about Sherman’s March to the Sea and how this Union General changed the war (p. 379)

15- The South Surrenders – What came just in time to help Lincoln win the election of 1864; identify facts about the Thirteenth Amendment; what happened at Appomattox Courthouse; and identify facts about Lincoln’s assassination (379-380)

16- The Reconstruction Battle Begins – Define Reconstruction; what Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction was; and define amnesty (p. 387)

17- The Radical Republicans – Who the leaders of the Radical Republicans were and what the three main goals of the Radical Republicans were (pp. 387-388)

18- The Wade-Davis Bill – What moderate Republicans believed about Reconstruction; identify significant facts about the Wade-Davis Bill; define pocket veto; and what Lincoln did to the Wade-Davis Bill (p. 388-389)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- The Freedmen’s Bureau – Define freedmen; how Sherman helped the freed people; identify significant facts about the Freedmen’s Bureau; what “forty acres and a mule” meant and

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how it would be achieved; what Congress did to the “forty acres and a mule” plan; what the contributions of the Freedmen’s Bureau were; and facts about “buffalo soldiers” (p. 389)

2- Johnson Takes Office – Identify significant facts about Andrew Johnson, his Proclamation of Amnesty, his treatment of former Confederate officers and officials as well as former Confederates who owned property worth more than $20,000, his proclamation for North Carolina, and what astonished and angered many members of Congress in December 1865 (pp. 391-392)

3- Black Codes – What black codes severely limited; what black codes were intended to do; identify specific facts about black codes (pp. 392-393)

4- The Fourteenth Amendment – Identify significant facts about the Civil Rights Act of 1866; what is stated in the Fourteenth Amendment; and what occurred in the South to convince moderate Republicans to support the amendment (p. 393)

5- Military Reconstruction – Identify significant facts about the Military Reconstruction Act and its effects (p. 394)

6- Impeachment – What Republicans feared Johnson would do; what the Command of the Army Act and the Tenure of Office Act were and why Congress passed these acts; how Johnson challenged the Tenure of Office Act; define impeach; what the main charge against Johnson was in his impeachment trial; and what the outcome of the impeachment trial was and why (pp. 394-395)

7- The Election of 1868 – Who won the election of 1868; identify facts about General Grant; what violence in the South had convinced many Northern voters about the South; and what enabled African Americans to vote in large numbers in the South (p. 395)

8- The Fifteenth Amendment – What is stated in the Fifteenth Amendment and what was the dramatic impact of Radical Reconstruction on the South (p. 395)

9- Expanding the Nation: The Purchase of Alaska (To be found in the Fact Box at the top of p. 395) – What was an important diplomatic achievement during President Andrew Johnson’s administration; identify facts about Secretary of State William H. Seward and Alaska; and why Alaska is valuable (p. 395)

10- Carpetbaggers and Scalawags – What many Northerners did as Reconstruction began; who carpetbaggers were and how they were viewed; and who scalawags were and what the term meant (p. 399)

11- African Americans Enter Politics – What African Americans did as they gained the right to vote; what formerly enslaved people served as; what Southerners meant by “Black Republicanism and why such claims were exaggerated; and why the Republican

Party took power in the South (pp. 399-400)12- Republican Reforms in the South – What the reforms instituted

by the newly elected Republican governments in the South were; what the Republican governments in the South established and built; what many state governments were forced to do to pay for new programs; define graft; and provide one example of graft in the South (p. 400)

13- The Ku Klux Klan – Identify facts about the Ku Klux Klan; what was the goal of the Ku Klux Klan; and what did members of the Ku Klux Klan do (p. 402)

14- The Enforcement Acts – What the first enforcement act did; what the second enforcement act did; and what the third enforcement act also known as the Ku Klux Klan Act did (p. 402)

15- Scandals Mar Grant’s Second Term – Identify facts about William Belknap and what he was found to have accepted as well as identify facts about the “Whiskey Ring” scandal and why this hurt Grant’s reputation (p. 404)

16- The Panic of 1873 – What started the turmoil in 1873; how did the wave of fear known as the panic of 1873 affect the nation; and what happened in the 1874 midterm elections (pp. 404-405)

17- Reconstruction Ends – What the rising power of the Democrats in Congress meant; what many Northerners were weary of and more concerned with; what Southern militia groups did that affected voting; how Democrats were able to win back the support of white owners of small farms; and why Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida had different outcomes by 1876 than other Southern states (p. 405)

18- Turning Point – The Compromise of 1877 – Why the Republicans decided not to nominate Grant for a third term by 1876; identify facts about Rutherford B. Hayes; identify facts about Samuel Tilden; what the outcome of the election was; why no one could tell who won; what the commission was and what the commission decided; why the Southern Democrats joined with Republicans in the Democrat-controlled House of Representatives; what historians think of the Compromise of 1877; and what Hayes did in April 1877 as well as what happened in South Carolina and Louisiana as Reconstruction was over (pp. 405-406)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Sharecropping – Identify facts about sharecropping and be sure to include facts about tenant farmers, sharecroppers, furnishing merchants, crop liens, and debt peonage (p. 407)

2- Geography of the Plains – Where the region extends; how much

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rainfall it receives; what it had been home to; what Native Americans groups depended on; and what Major Stephen Long called the region and what he thought about it (pp. 420-421)

3- The Beginnings of Settlement – What factors undermined the belief that the Plains was a “Great American Desert” and identify facts about the Homestead Act as well as what challenges settlers on the Plains experienced (p. 421)

4- Culture of the Plains Indians – Identify significant characteristics of the Plains Indians and their cultures (pp. 425-426)

5- The Last Native American Wars – What happened in the 1870s regarding Native American Indians and identify significant facts about the Battle of the Little Bighorn and its effects (pp. 429)

6- Sitting Bull – What Sitting Bull did before the showdown with Custer and what he did after the battle as well as what federal authorities regarded ceremonies like the Sun Dance as (p. 429)

7- Tragedy at Wounded Knee – What happened at Wounded Knee; what the Ghost Dance was; what resulted from the deadly battle (pp. 429-430)

8- Assimilation – What Helen Hunt Jackson wrote and what she described; define assimilate; what some people believed about assimilation; identify significant facts about the Dawes Act; and why the assimilation policy proved a dismal failure (p. 430)

9- The United States Industrializes – When and why the United States industrialized and be sure to include facts about natural resources and a large workforce (pp. 436-437)

10- Free Enterprise – Define laissez faire; what laissez-faire relies on; what entrepreneurs do (p. 438)

11- Government’s Role in Industrialization – How the government practiced laissez-faire economics; how the government helped industry; identify facts about tariffs and particularly the Morrill tariff; what supporters of laissez-fare generally supported; and how high tariffs contradicted laissez-faire as well as why high tariffs hurt some Americans (pp. 438-439)

12- Bell and the Telephone – Identify significant facts about Alexander Graham Bell and his accomplishments (pp. 439-440)

13- Edison and Electricity – Identify facts about Edison (p. 440)14- Technology’s Impact – How new technological innovations

transformed American society and be sure to mention specific inventions and their effects (p. 440)

15- Linking the Nation – Identify significant facts about the expansion of railroad track and railroad construction from 1865 to 1900 as well as what the Pacific Railway Act was and what the government offered railroad companies (pp. 442-443)

16- The Union Pacific and Grenville Dodge – Identify significant

facts about building this railroad line (p. 443)17- The Big Four and the Central Pacific – How it began as a

dream; who the “Big Four” were; and where many of the workers were from and why (pp. 443-444)

18- The Benefits of a National System – Why the country was divided into four time zones and what the benefits of large integrated railroad systems were (pp. 444-445)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- The Land Grant System – Why the federal government gave land grants to many railroad companies; what railroad companies did with the land grants; and how much land did the federal government grant railroad companies (p. 445)

2- Robber Barons – What many railroad entrepreneurs were accused of as a result of building tremendous fortunes; identify facts about Jay Gould; and why so many bribes occurred (pp. 445-446)

3- The Crédit Mobilier Scandal – What Crédit Mobilier was; what Crédit Mobilier did; what happened by the time the Union Pacific railroad was completed; how Congress was convinced to give the railroad more grants; and how the corruption was exposed (p. 446)

4- The Great Northern – What the Crédit Mobilier scandal created the impression of; define robber barons; and how James J. Hill was different as well as what he did (p. 446)

5- The Role of Corporations – Define corporation; what a corporation can do; define stockholders as well as stock; and why there were more corporations after beginning in the 1830s (p. 448)

6- Andrew Carnegie and Steel – Identify facts about the life of Andrew Carnegie; what Andrew Carnegie learned about making money as a railroad supervisor as well as what he bought shares in; how meeting Sir Henry Bessemer changed his life; and identify facts about his steel company (p. 448-449)

7- Vertical and Horizontal Integration – Define vertical integration; define horizontal integration; and define monopoly as well as why many Americans feared monopolies while other Americans supported monopolies (pp. 449-450)

8- Trusts – What many states did to preserve competition and prevent horizontal integration; define trust; and how the Standard Oil trust worked (p. 450)

9- Investigating Standard Oil – What the Standard Oil Company had gained control of by the 1880s; what John D. Rockefeller said his success was due to; and what George Rice said the company’s success was due to (p. 452)

10- Working in the United States – Describe in great detail the

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working conditions in industrial America in the early years of industrialization; identify facts about the uneven distribution of income in the United States; define deflation and how deflation affected American workers as well as how workers reacted to wage cuts (pp. 454-455)

11- Early Unions – What the two basic types of industrial workers in the United States in the 1800s were; identify specific facts about craft workers; identify specific facts about common laborers; and what craft workers began to form (p. 455)

12- Industry Opposes Unions – How employers viewed trade unions; what owners of large corporations particularly opposed; what techniques companies used to prevent unions from forming; what a blacklist was and how a person was placed on a blacklist; what a lockout was; and what scabs were (pp. 455-456)

13- Mother Jones – Identify significant facts about Mother Jones (p. 456)

14- The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 – What the Panic of 1873 had forced many companies to do; identify facts about the first nationwide labor protest; what the governors of several states did to stop the violence; what President Hayes did; and what the effects of the strike were (p. 457)

15- The Knights of Labor – What the Knights of Labor called for and supported; what the Knights of Labor initially opposed as well as what they preferred; define arbitration; what the Knights of Labor did in the early 1880s; why membership in the union increased; and what undermined their reputation (pp. 457-458)

16- The Haymarket Riot – What movement began to build support; what happened on May 3rd; what happened at Haymarket Square; who was arrested for the bombing; what happened to those arrested even though the evidence was weak; and how the Haymarket Affair affected the Knights of Labor (p. 458)

17- The Pullman Strike – Identify significant facts about the American Railway Union (ARU) and Eugene V. Debs; identify significant facts about the Pullman Company; why the Pullman Company slashed wages as well as how wage cuts affected the workers; why a strike began; what the ARU did in support; how these actions affected the railroads and the economy; how the government stopped the strike (p. 458)

18- The American Federation of Labor – Identify significant facts about the union, its goals, and Samuel Gompers (pp. 458-459)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)1- Working Women – Identify significant facts about women and

work. (p. 459)2- Europeans Flood into the United States – Where more than half

of all immigrants in the United States were from by the 1890s;

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why Europeans abandoned their homelands; and what had most European states done by the late 1800s that made moving to the United States easy (pp. 464-465)

3- “Old” and “New” Immigrants, 1870-1900 Map – Where the “Old Immigrants” were from; where the “New Immigrants” were from; what specific Push Factors for immigration were; what specific Pull Factors for immigration were; as well as how immigration changed from 1870-1900 (p. 465)

4- The Atlantic Voyage and Ellis Island – Define steerage and describe the immigrants’ experiences in Ellis Island (pp. 465-466)

5- Ethnic Cities – What Jacob Riis noted about a map of New York City; how cities were separated; and what facts helped immigrants adjust as well as why one in every three immigrants returned to Europe (pp. 466-467)

6- Asian Immigration to America – Identify significant facts about Chinese immigrants in the United States; what factors lured Chinese immigrants to the United States; where Chinese immigrants settled; identify significant facts about Japanese immigration to the United States; and describe the barracks on Angel Island as well as the experiences of Asian immigrants at Angel Island (p. 467)

7- The Resurgence of Nativism – Define nativism; why nativists opposed immigration; identify specific facts about the American Protective Association; identify specific facts about the Workingman’s Party of California; and what the Chinese Exclusion Act was as well as how the Chinese in the United States reacted to the Act and what its effects were (p. 468)

8- The Working Class and Urban Problems – Where three out of four residents in American cities lived; describe tenements; identify threats posed by city living; what contributed to violent crime; what Jacob Riis wrote and what he accused saloons of breeding as well as the many problems saloons created; and what caused even bigger threats and why (pp. 471-472)

9- The Political Machine and the Party Boss as well as Graft and Fraud – Define the political machine as well as how it came about; identify significant facts about George Plunkitt; define graft; identify an example of Plunkitt’s “honest graft;” and identify examples of outright fraud (p. 473)

10- Tammany Hall – What Tammany Hall was; who William M. “Boss” Tweed was; and what happened in St. Louis (p. 473)

11- The Gilded Age –Identify significant facts about the Gilded Age from about 1870 to around 1900 and what the Gilded Age meant (pp. 476-477)

12- Social Darwinism – Who first proposed the idea of Social Darwinism; what Herbert Spencer applied to human society;

what Darwin meant by natural selection; what Spencer argued using Darwin’s theory; what Social Darwinism stated; what economic doctrine Social Darwinism paralleled; define laissez-faire; and why John D. Rockefeller heartily embraced the theory of Social Darwinism (pp. 477-478)

13- Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth – What Andrew Carnegie wholeheartedly believed in and identify significant facts about Andrew Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth as well as define philanthropy (p. 478)

14- Helping the Urban Poor – Identify significant facts about the Social Gospel movement; what Walter Rauschenbusch believed about Social Darwinism; and what many churches began to take on (pp. 483-484)

15- Profiles in History: Booker T. Washington – Identify significant facts about the life of Booker T. Washington as well as significant facts about the Tuskegee Institute (p. 485)

16- Profiles in History: George Washington Carver – Identify significant facts about the life of George Washington Carver and how George Washington Carver helped Southern sharecroppers (p. 485)

17- The Settlement House Movement – What the settlement house movement was an offshoot of; who it attracted; what Jane Addams established; identify facts about Hull House; and what settlement houses provided (p. 485)

18- Public Libraries – Who one of the strongest supporters of the public library movement was; what he believed about knowledge; and what he did to increase the number of libraries (p. 486)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)1- The Pendleton Act – What the law allowed the president to

decide; how exams would be used; how a civil service official could not be removed; and how many jobs President Arthur placed under control of the civil service as well as what the federal government had finally begun to shift away from (p. 493)

2- The Interstate Commerce Commission – Why small businesses and farmers were angry at the railroads; what Standard Oil was able to negotiate with the railroads and why; what Democrats and Republicans were not willing to interfere with; what the Supreme Court ruled in Wabash v. Illinois; what Grover Cleveland signed in 1887; and identify significant facts about the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) (pp. 495-496)

3- The McKinley Tariff – What the tariff bill cut; what the tariff bill increased rates on as well as why; how the McKinley Tariff affected the federal revenue and transformed the nation’s budget surplus into; and what greatly worsened the federal deficit (p. 497)

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4- The Sherman Antitrust Act – Define trust, what the Sherman Antitrust Act declared illegal; what the courts were responsible for; what the judges actually did or did not do; why the Sherman Antitrust Act was important; and what farmers concluded about banks, railroads, and government (p. 497)

5- The Money Supply – What was one specific problem that greatly concerned farmers; what the United States Treasury had greatly expanded to help finance the Union war effort, why inflation occurred; what the three types of currency in circulation were after the Civil War ended; how the federal government got inflation under control; what Congress did in 1873; and why deflation occurred (p. 501)

6- Deflation Hurts Farmers – Why deflation hit farmers especially hard and be sure to identify the many ways it hit farmers hard as well as what “The Crime of ‘73” was (pp. 501-502)

7- The Grange Takes Action – Identify significant facts about Oliver H. Kelley and the farmers; identify facts about the Patrons of Husbandry, better known as the Grange; and the three ways in which the Grangers responded to the crisis as well as how cooperatives helped farmers (p. 502)

8- The Grange Fails – What the “Granger laws” were; how the railroads fought back; the Court’s ruling in Wabash v. Illinois; why many Americans did not like the Greenback Party’s proposal to print more paper money; why the cooperatives also failed; and what happened to the Grange movement by the late 1870s (p. 502)

9- The Rise of Populism – What the Ocala Demands were; what the demands called for; what the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 was; and what the outcome of the midterm elections of 1890 showed (pp. 503-504)

10- Profiles in History: Mary Ellen Lease – Identify significant facts about Mary Ellen Lease; what Lease said about Wall Street; and what Lease urged farmers to do (p. 504)

11- A Populist for President – Who James B. Weaver was; what the Omaha convention endorsed as well as its specific positions; define a graduated income tax; state its positions that were popular with labor; what James Weaver had won in the election (pp. 504-505)

12- The Election of 1896 – What issue the People’s Party or the Populists focused on and what the Populists decided to do regarding William Jennings Bryan (p. 506)

13- Bryan’s Campaign – Identify significant facts about William Jennings Bryan; what Bryan said about a “cross of gold;” describe the unusually energetic campaign for the presidency Bryan waged; how Catholic immigrants and other city-dwellers thought about Bryan; and who the Republicans nominated as

their candidate (pp. 506-507)14- The Front Porch Campaign – Describe McKinley’s campaign

style; how the Republicans campaigned against the Democrats; and the outcome of the election (p. 507)

15- Populism Declines – Identify the reasons why Populism declined as well as the reforms suggested by the Populists that came about in the next century (p. 507)

16- Exodus to Kansas –What Benjamin “Pap” Singleton did; why it was called “an Exodus;” and who “Exodusters” were (p. 509)

17- Crushing the Populist Revolt – Why Populism posed a new challenge to the Democratic Party in the South; how Democratic leaders won back the poor white vote; and why African Americans in the South were having a harder and harder time voting (p. 509)

18- Disfranchising African Americans – What the Fifteenth Amendment prohibited; what the Fifteenth Amendment did not bar governments from requiring; what a poll tax was as well as why many African Americans were unable to pay it; what a literacy test was as well as why many African Americans were unable to pass it; how voting restrictions affected African Americans in Louisiana as well as Alabama; how whites were affected by the poll tax and literacy requirements; and what a grandfather clause was (p. 510)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Profiles in History: Mary Church Terrell – Identify significant facts about Mary Church Terrell (p. 510)

2- Legalizing Segregation – Define segregation as well as Jim Crow laws; where the name Jim Crow probably came from; what the Supreme Court said about the Fourteenth Amendment in 1883; describe segregation in the South; and identify the facts of the Supreme Court case, Plessy v. Ferguson, as well as what the ruling established the legal basis for in the South (pp. 510-511)

3- Racial Violence – Describe racial violence in the United States and define lynching (p. 511)

4- The African American Response – Identify significant facts about Ida B. Wells as well as her fearless crusade against lynching and what a mob did to the press that printed the Memphis Free Speech (p. 511)

5- A Call for Compromise – What Booker T. Washington proposed and what he stated in the Atlanta Compromise (pp. 511-512)

6- Voices of the Future – Identify significant facts about W.E.B. Du Bois; what Du Bois pointed out in his 1903 book The Souls of Black Folk; how Du Bois argued African Americans could achieve full equality; and what Du Bois was particularly concerned with (p. 512)

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7- A Desire for New Markets – Define imperialism, identify significant reasons for imperialism; what European nations did to protect their interests in other lands; define protectorate; what Americans thought about imperialism; and what Indiana senator Albert J. Beveridge declared about imperialism (p. 521)

8- A Feeling of Superiority – What supporters of Social Darwinism argued as well as how Social Darwinism justified increasing American influence abroad; what John Fiske argued; define the idea known as Anglo-Saxonism; and what Josiah Strong, a popular American minister in the late 1800s, declared (pp. 521-522)

9- Perry Opens Japan – What Japan’s rulers believed about excessive contact with the West; what Commodore Matthew C. Perry was ordered to do; what happened on July 8, 1853; what impressed the Japanese; what Perry’s arrival forced the Japanese to do; and how the American decision to force Japan to open trade played an important role in Japanese history (pp. 522-523)

10- Annexing Hawaii – Why Hawaii was important to Americans; why the United States Senate ratified a trade treaty in 1875 that exempted Hawaiian sugar from tariffs; what happened when the treaty came up for renewal; what prominent planters did in 1887; why sales of Hawaiian sugar declined; identify significant facts about Queen Liliuokalani; what happened to Queen Liliuokalani as well as what happened to Hawaii (p. 523)

11- The Coming of War – What happened to the Maine; who many Americans blamed it on; identify facts about Cuba; what many Americans supported; and what happened within a matter of weeks (pp. 527-528)

12- The Cuban Rebellion Begins – Identify significant facts about the Spanish colony of Cuba; what Cuban rebels declared in 1868 as well as what happened in 1878; identify facts about José Martí; why the United States and Cuba had become closely linked economically; and what happened in Cuba in 1895 (p. 528)

13- Americans Support the Cubans – What led most Americans to support the Cuban rebels; identify facts about William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer; define yellow journalism; how Cubans suffered; describe the guerrilla warfare of the Cuban rebels; and what “reconcentration camps” were (pp. 528-529) 

14- Calling Out for War – What William McKinley did regarding Cuba when he became President; what the Spanish government offered the Cubans; why McKinley sent the battleship Maine to Havana; what was stated in the letter written by Enrique Dupuy de Lôme; what happened to the Maine in Havana harbor; what

Congress authorized after the Maine exploded; what the rallying cry for war in the U.S. was; define jingoism; what McKinley asked Congress to authorize on April 11, 1898; and what Congress declared on April 19 as well as what Spain declared on April 24 (p. 529)

15- American Forces Battle in Cuba – Why had far more Americans died in training camps than in actual battle; where did an American force land on June 14, 1898; what a Spanish fleet occupied; identify significant facts about the “Rough Riders;” what the Rough Riders did; who helped the Rough Riders; what the Spanish commander in Santiago did; and how the war ended (pp. 530-531)

16- An American Empire is Born – What the terms of the war’s end were (531-532)

17- The Debate Over Annexation – Why some Americans supported annexation of the Philippines; identify Americans who did not support annexation; what did some of these individuals opposed to annexation argue; what did President McKinley decide about the Philippines; and what were the terms of the Treaty of Paris signed by the United States and Spain on December 10, 1898 (p. 532)

18- Rebellion in the Philippines – What the United States quickly learned about controlling its new empire as well as why; what General Arthur MacArthur did in the fight in the Philippines; and what the first U.S. civilian governor of the Philippines, William Howard Taft did; and what American troops achieved in March 1901 as well as how the war ended – be sure to note changes that occurred by the mid-1930s and the significance of the year 1946 (pp. 532-533)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Governing Puerto Rico – What was stated in the Foraker Act; what happened to Puerto Ricans in 1917; what happened to the island of Puerto Rico in 1947; and what debate continues to this day (pp. 533)

2- Cuba and the Platt Amendment – What the United States established in Cuba after the war; what was stated in the Platt Amendment; and why Cubans added the Platt Amendment to their constitution (p. 533)

3- Theodore Roosevelt’s Rise to Power – What made Roosevelt famous and what did he win in 1898 (pp. 536-537)

4- The Election of 1900 – Identify significant facts about the election of 1900; what happened on September 6, 1901; who was the youngest person at the time to become president; why had Theodore Roosevelt been chosen as McKinley’s running mate; and what did Republican senator Mark Hanna exclaim (p. 537)

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5- Roosevelt Becomes President – What did Theodore Roosevelt bring to the presidency; identify significant facts about Teddy’s childhood; what was Roosevelt a strong proponent of; and what he believed the United States had a duty to do (p. 537)

6- The Open Door Policy – What the outcome of war between China and Japan over Korea in 1894 was; why Russia was worried by Japan’s rising power; what leasing a territory meant; define sphere of influence; what President McKinley and Secretary of State John Hay both supported; and explain how the Open Door Policy worked (p. 538)

7- The Boxer Rebellion – What secret Chinese societies were organizing to rid China of; identify significant facts about the Boxers in China; what happened during the Boxer Rebellion; how the Boxer Rebellion was quashed; and what Hay convinced the participating powers to do in China as well as what the United States retained access to (pp. 538-539)

8- Balancing Power in East Asia – What concern prompted Roosevelt to step in to help negotiate peace in a war between Japan and Russia in 1905; what Roosevelt convinced the Russians to do as well as what he persuaded the Japanese to do; what Roosevelt won in 1906; and what increased tensions between the United States and Japan (p. 539)

9- The Panama Canal – What one of Roosevelt’s most dramatic actions in the Caribbean was; why a canal was important; identify facts about the Hay–Pauncefote Treaty; why a French company had to abandon its efforts to build a canal; how the French failure to build a canal influenced the Americans; what Panama was still a part of in 1903; what Secretary of State Hay offered Colombia; and what Colombia’s response was (p. 540)

10- Revolt in Panama – What Panamanians feared; what the French feared; what Philippe Bunau-Varilla did; what President Roosevelt did to prevent Colombian interference; and how all of these actions affected the Panama Canal as well as what President Roosevelt argued about the canal (p. 540)

11- The Roosevelt Corollary – What the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine was; how the United States first applied the Roosevelt Corollary in the Dominican Republic; what William Howard Taft placed much less emphasis on; and define dollar diplomacy as well as its use in Nicaragua (pp. 540-541)

12- Analyzing Political Cartoons: American Imperialism – Identify Roosevelt’s belief in foreign affairs (p. 541)

13- The Rise of Progressivism and Who Were the Progressives ? – What historians refer to the era in American history from about 1890 to 1920 as; define progressivism; what progressives wanted to fix; what progressives generally believed; what progressives agreed government should do; and who progressives generally

were (pp. 546-547)14- Beginnings of Progressivism – What Progressivism was partly a

reaction against and why; what progressives doubted; why progressives believed people could improve society; and what progressives believed about science and technology (p. 547)

15- The Muckrakers – Who were the muckrakers; what muckrakers uncovered; what Ida Tarbell published a series of articles on; what Lincoln Steffens reported on as well as what he wrote; what Jacob Riis described as well as what he wrote; and what muckrakers’ articles led to (pp. 547-548)

16- “Laboratory of Democracy” – What Robert La Follette did: define direct primary; what Wisconsin gained a reputation as; what the initiative is; what a referendum is; and what a recall is (p. 549)

17- Direct Election of Senators – What was originally written in the United States Constitution about the election of senators; what often influenced the election of senators and how senators repaid their supporters; what progressives called for to counter Senate corruption; what Congress passed in 1912; what the direct election of senators was intended to end but what it also removed; and what happened in 1913 as well as what number amendment it was (p. 549)

18- The Suffrage Movement – What Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott organized in July 1848; what Stanton convinced the delegates that their first priority should be; define suffrage; and what was an important issue for progressives (p. 549)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Early Problems – Why the suffrage movement got off to a slow start; what had several leaders of the woman suffrage movement wanted the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to give women; how the National Woman Suffrage Association and American Woman Suffrage Association differed; how the split affected the suffrage movement; and what states had granted women full voting rights by 1900 (p. 550)

2- Profiles in History: Susan B. Anthony – Identify significant facts about Susan B. Anthony (p. 550)

3- The Movement Builds Support – How the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was formed; how the Progressive movement helped suffrage; and identify facts about Alice Paul as well as Carrie Chapman Catt (pp. 550-551)

4- The Nineteenth Amendment – Why Congress began to favor a constitutional amendment; what Wilson did; what happened in June 1919; and what the Nineteenth Amendment guaranteed (p. 551)

5- The Campaign Against Child Labor – Describe the working

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lives of children in factories; what did muckraker John Spargo describe in his 1906 book titled The Bitter Cry of the Children; what were states convinced to do; and what the new wealth generated by industry enabled many families to survive without as well as how some wives were affected (pp. 551-552)

6- Health and Safety Codes – What happened at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company in New York City in 1911; why workers’ compensation laws came about; and why some progressives favored zoning laws as well as what building codes and health codes established (p. 552)

7- The Prohibition Movement – What many progressives thought about alcohol; what some employers thought about alcohol; what political reformers thought of the saloon; what the temperance movement advocated; and identify facts about the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) as well as what the temperance movement initially concentrated on and what it later pressed for – and be sure to define prohibition laws (pp. 552-553)

8- Progressives Versus Big Business – What many progressives believed about wealth; what the different progressive ideas about regulating big business were; define socialism; and identify significant facts about Eugene Debs (p. 553)

9- Roosevelt Revives the Presidency – Identify significant facts about Theodore Roosevelt as president of the United States as well as about his Square Deal (pp. 555-556)

10- Roosevelt Takes on the Trusts – What Roosevelt thought about trusts; what factors led to a giant new holding company called Northern Securities; what Roosevelt’s response to the Northern Securities Company was; what the outcome of the Northern Securities v. the United States Supreme Court case was; and what newspapers hailed Roosevelt as (p. 556)

11- The Coal Strike of 1902 – What Roosevelt believed was his job to keep; what the United Mine Workers (UMW) union had called; what happened to coal prices; define arbitration; how the mine owners responded; what Roosevelt threatened; and what ultimately happened (pp. 556-557)

12- Social Welfare Action – What a journalist named Samuel Hopkins Adams revealed about the patent medicine business; what Dr. W.H. Wiley reported about the preservatives being used in meat; what Upton Sinclair wrote/described; what the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act were (p. 558)

13- Conservation – How Roosevelt put his stamp on the presidency most clearly; what Roosevelt urged; what he cautioned against; and what Roosevelt argued that the government must distinguish between (p. 558)

14- The Teddy Bear – Why the soft and cuddly teddy bear was

named after the gruff and rugged Theodore (“Teddy”) Roosevelt (p. 558)

15- Roosevelt’s Legacy – How Roosevelt changed the role of the federal government and the nature of the presidency (p. 559)

16- The Story of Yosemite – Describe the Yosemite Valley; what President Abraham Lincoln granted the valley to California as; who John Muir was and what he was anxious to preserve, what happened in 1890; how Yosemite established a pattern for our national park system; what Roosevelt was inspired to say when he visited the park with John Muir; and what Roosevelt established as well as what the National Park Service manages today (p. 561)

17- Taft’s Approach to Government –How Roosevelt and Taft differed (p. 563)

18- The Republican Party Splits – What led Theodore Roosevelt to state that he was willing to accept the Republican nomination; who the Republican Party chose; what Roosevelt formed; and why it was called the Bull Moose Party (p. 567)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Wilson’s Character and Background – What Wilson had entered politics as and how he made New Jersey a model of Progressive reform (p. 567)

2- “New Freedom” Versus “New Nationalism” – How Roosevelt and Wilson differed as progressives; what Roosevelt’s New Nationalism was; what Wilson’s New Freedom was as well as why Wilson criticized Roosevelt’s programs; and what was more important than efficiency in Wilson’s opinion (p. 567)

3- Wilson Is Elected – Why was the Republican vote split; what were the election results in the election of 1912; and what had happened for the first time since Grover Cleveland’s election in 1892 (p. 567)

4- Reforming Tariffs – What Wilson personally lobbied members of Congress to support; why Wilson wanted to reduce tariffs; what Wilson believed the pressure of foreign competition would lead American manufacturers to do; what the Underwood Tariff did; what the Underwood Tariff Act included a provision for; and what Amendment finally made it legal for the federal government to tax the income of individuals directly (p. 568)

5- Reforming the Banks – Identify significant facts that led to the Federal Reserve Act and what it was (pp. 568-569)

6- Antitrust Action – How Wilson’s opinion about restoring competition to the economy changed when elected President; what the Federal Trade Commission is; what the Clayton Antitrust Act is; and why Samuel Gompers, the head of the American Federation of Labor, called the Clayton Antitrust Act

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the worker’s “Magana Carta” (p. 569)7- The Limits of Progressivism – What progressivism failed to

address; what W.E.B. Du Bois and 28 other African American leaders did in 1905 and why they met on the Canadian side of Niagara Falls; what this meeting led to; and identify significant facts about the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) as well as what Du Bois and other NAACP founders believed about the vote (p. 570)

8- American Literature: From The Jungle – Identify significant facts about Upton Sinclair and what he wrote about in The Jungle (p. 571)

9- The Mexican Revolution – What were the causes of the Mexican Revolution; what Madero did; what General Victoriano Huerta did; and what Wilson’s reaction to Huerta was (p. 577)

10- Wilson Sends Troops into Mexico – What Wilson used as an opportunity to overthrow Huerta; how Mexicans responded to Wilson; how Venustiano Carranza came to power; what Pancho Villa did; what Wilson’s response to Pancho Villa was; why Wilson recalled Pershing; and why Wilson’s Mexican policy damaged U.S. foreign relations (p. 577)

11- The Outbreak of World War I – What was building among European nations in 1914 (pp. 577-578)

12- The Alliance System – How Germany was unified and how German unification transformed Europe; what was the Triple Alliance as well as why was it formed; and what was the Franco-Russian alliance and why was it formed (p. 578)

13- The Naval Race – What led Great Britain to not remain neutral; what convinced the British to establish closer relations with France and Russia; and what was the Triple Entente (p. 578)

14- The Balkan Crisis – Define nationalism; define self-determination; where is the region known as the Balkans located; what did the diverse ethnic groups of the region want; who were the South Slaves; what were the Serbs the first to do as well as what was their mission; and who supported the Serbs and who did not and why were the Serbs furious with Austria-Hungary (p. 578)

15- A Continent Goes to War – What happened to Franz Ferdinand; who was responsible; who had knowledge of the assassination; who did the Austro-Hungarian government blame and what did the government decide the time had come to do; what triggered the alliance system (pp. 578-580)

16- Profiles in History: Jeannette Rankin – Identify significant facts about Jeannette Rankin (p. 580)

17- Germany’s Plan Fails – What had Germany immediately launched and why; what was the one major problem with the German plan as well as how this affected the war; who became

the Allies; who became the Central Powers; how had the Russians surprised the Germans; what happened at the Battle of Marne; why did trenches develop on the Western Front; and what was happening on the Eastern Front (p. 580)

18- American Neutrality –What was the U.S. reaction when the fighting in Europe began (pp. 580-581)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Pro-British Sentiment – What group of Americans was decidedly pro-British; how British officials tried to win American support; define propaganda; and how did the British influence reports about the war in the United States (p. 581)

2- The British Blockade – Describe the British blockade of Germany; define contraband; how and why Germany would strangle trade with Britain and France; describe U-boats; what Germany would do to any ship found in the waters around Britain; how Americans reacted to Germany’s plan; describe facts about the Lusitania; what happened to the Sussex; what the Sussex Pledge was; and how Wilson’s efforts to keep American soldiers at home played an important part in the election (pp. 581-582)

3- The United States Declares War – What Arthur Zimmerman did; what was stated in the Zimmerman telegram; how the Americans discovered the information contained in the Zimmerman telegram; what the Germans resumed on February 1, 1917; what the Germans believed about the Americans; what Wilson asked Congress for; what Congress decided (pp. 582-583)

4- Selective Service – Define conscription; what selective service was; and identify specific facts about the Selective Service Act of 1917 (p. 584-585)

5- African Americans in the War – How many African Americans were drafted; how many African Americans served overseas as combat troops; what African Americans encountered in the army; identify significant accomplishments of African American soldiers (p. 585)

6- Women in the Military – Identify significant facts about women in the military during World War I (p. 585)

7- Food and Fuel – How the Food Administration worked; what victory gardens were; what the Fuel Administration did; and how Harry Garfield attempted to conserve energy (p. 586)

8- Paying for the War – How Congress funded the war effort; what taxes could not entirely cover; how the government borrowed money; and what a bond is (p. 586)

9- Women Support Industry – What the war increased for women; what women did during the war; and what women did after the

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war (p. 587)10- The Great Migration Begins – Why the war opened new doors

for African Americans; where wartime job openings and high wages drew thousands of African Americans to; how many African Americans left the South to settle in Northern cities; what this massive population movement became known as; and identify cities where many African Americans settled (p. 587)

11- Mexican Americans Head North – What factors convinced many Mexicans to head north; identify specific facts about Mexican migration between 1917 and 1920; and what Mexican Americans experienced (p. 587)

12- Civil Liberties Curtailed – Define espionage; what was stated in the Espionage Act of 1917; and what was stated in the Sedition Act of 1918 (pp. 588-589)

13- The Supreme Court Limits Free Speech –What the First Amendment states; what the Supreme Court ruled in Schneck v. the United States; describe the Court’s example of someone yelling “Fire!;” and what the Court’s majority opinion stated as well as what it meant by “a clear and present danger” (p. 589)

14- Trench Warfare – How had the nature of war changed; describe trench warfare; define “no man’s land;” what both sides did to break through enemy lines; and why were casualties high (p. 592)

15- Russia Leaves the War – What happened in Russia in 1917; identify significant facts about the Bolsheviks and Vladimir Lenin; and what was stated in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (pp. 594-595)

16- The German Offensive Falters and the Battle of the Argonne Forest – What the Germans launched on March 21, 1918, how the Americans changed the outcome; and what happened at the Battle of the Argonne Forest (pp. 595-596)

17- The War Ends and A Flawed Peace – Why Germany surrendered; define armistice; who the “Big Four” were; identify significant facts about Wilson’s Fourteen Points as well as the League of Nations (p. 596)

18- The Treaty of Versailles and the U.S. Senate Rejects the Treaty - What was stated in the Treaty of Versailles; define reparations; how Germany was punished; what empires ended; what new countries were created; how Wilson felt about the treaty; what a key group of senators thought about the League of Nations as well as why the Senate rejected the treaty (pp. 596-597)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)1- The Red Scare – What fueled fears that Communists were

conspiring to start a revolution; what had stunned and angered Americans; what did Americans accuse immigrants of; and what did the Soviet Union form in 1919 (pp. 601-602)

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2- The Red Scare Begins – Identify significant facts about the Red Scare as well as what happened to the home of United States Attorney General A. Mitchell and who Americans believed had committed the bombings as well as what the Communists or revolutionaries were trying to destroy (p. 602)

3- The Palmer Raids – What Palmer declared as well as what he established; what role J. Edgar Hoover served; what became of the General Intelligence Division; what Palmer organized from late 1919 to the spring of 1920; what Palmer’s agents focused on; what the authorities did; how civil liberties were often disregarded; when and how Palmer began to lose credibility and fade from prominence; and what Americans often linked radicalism to during the 1920s (pp. 602-603)

4- An End to Progressivism – What factors combined to create a general sense of disillusionment in the United States; what Republican candidate, Warren G. Harding, called for a return to; what Americans were weary of; and what Americans hoped for after World War I (p. 603)

5- Nativism Resurges – What factors combined to create an atmosphere of disillusionment and intolerance; what had the fear and prejudice many Americans felt toward Germans and Communists expanded to; what was there a rise in; how had immigration changed during World War I and then again by 1921; where did the majority of the “New Immigrants” come from; what did the arrival of millions of immigrants seem to pose a threat to; and what did the new immigrants encounter (pp. 610-611)

6- The Sacco-Vanzetti Case – What happened shortly after 3:00 P.M. on April 15, 1920; who was arrested for the crime; what information was revealed about the two immigrants; what was discovered about Sacco; what conclusion did many people leap to about Sacco and Vanzetti because the two men were Italian immigrants and anarchists; how did others view the case; what was the jury’s verdict in the case; and what eventually happened to Sacco and Vanzetti (p. 611)

7- Pseudo-Scientific Racism – What was the eugenics movement; what did eugenics emphasize about human inequalities as well as what eugenics warned about; how did eugenics influence nativists; identify two individuals who embraced eugenics; and what did eugenics give authority to as well as reinvigorate, particularly regarding immigration (p. 611)

8- Return of the Ku Klux Klan – Identify significant facts about the Ku Klux Klan (pp. 611-612)

9- Controlling Immigration – How and why did American immigration policies change after World War I; what was stated in the Emergency Quota Act; and what was the impact of the

Emergency Quota Act on immigration (p. 612)10- The National Origins Act of 1924 – Identify significant facts

about the National Origins Act of 1924 (p. 612)11- Women in the 1920s – How did fashions change in the 1920s,

describe the flapper; what did flappers pursue; what other women sought; what Margaret Sanger did as well as what she founded; and why Margaret Mead was important (pp. 613-614)

12- The Scopes Trial – Identify the significant facts of the Scopes Trial (p. 615)

13- Prohibition – What did many Americans believe the prohibition of alcohol would do; what was the Volstead Act; what department was responsible for enforcing Prohibition; define police powers; what was stated in the Eighteenth Amendment; describe speakeasies; what was bootlegging; what role did organized crime play; identify significant facts about Al Capone; and what was stated in the Twenty-first Amendment as well as what the repeal of Prohibition was a victory for (pp. 615-616)

14- Poets and Writers – Identify significant facts about the following poets and writers: Carl Sandburg, Edna St. Vincent Millay, T.S. Eliot, Eugene O’Neil, Ernest Hemingway, and F. Scott Fitzgerald (pp. 621-622)

15- Popular Radio Shows and Music – How did the introduction of radio change the lives of Americans; what was one of the most popular radio shows as well as what was this show about; and what was mass media as well as how did mass media impact Americans (p. 623)

16- The Harlem Renaissance – What was the Great Migration; what did African Americans seek to escape as well as what they hoped to find; describe Harlem; describe the environment created in Harlem; and what was the Harlem Renaissance (pp. 626-627)

17- The Writers – Identify significant facts about the following writers of the Harlem Renaissance: Claude McKay, Langston Hughes, and Zora Neale Hurston (p. 627)

18- Jazz, Blues, and the Theater – Describe jazz music; identify significant facts about Louis Armstrong as well as Duke Ellington; and what the Cotton Club was (p. 627)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term) 1- Black Nationalism and Marcus Garvey – Who was Marcus

Garvey; what did he call for and what did he glorify; identify significant facts about Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA); what Garvey’s central message was; what

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Garvey advocated; what alarmed France and Great Britain; why the emerging African American middle class and intellectuals distanced themselves from Garvey; how the FBI viewed the UNIA; how Garvey alienated key figures in the Harlem Renaissance; what Garvey was convicted of; what happened to Garvey in 1927; and what survived long after Garvey (pp. 629-630)

2- Langston Hughes – Identify significant facts about Langston Hughes as well as the main idea of each of the two selected poems by Langston Hughes (p. 631)

3- The Harding Administration and A Self-Doubter in the White House – Identify significant facts about Warren G. Harding; what Harding thought about his own qualifications for the job; and what Harding’s campaign slogan was (pp. 636-637)

4- The Teapot Dome Scandal – What Albert B. Fall allowed; what the Teapot Dome scandal was; what the scandal that involved Attorney General Harry Daugherty was; and what was the outcome of the Daugherty scandal; what Coolidge demanded, and define immunity (p. 638)

5- The Coolidge Administration and “Silent Cal” Takes Over – Why Americans welcomed John Calvin Coolidge; what was joked about Coolidge; as well as what Coolidge’s philosophy of government was (pp. 638-639)

6- The Assembly Line – What is an assembly line; who first adopted an assembly line; how did the assembly line change production; what was the Model T; what happened to the price of the Model T and why; what Ford did for workers; what Ford’s “Sociological Department” did; and how the auto industry affected other industries (pp. 641-642)

7- The Social Impact of the Automobile – How did Ford change the role of the automobile in American society and how did cars revolutionize American life (p. 642)

8- Easy Consumer Credit – What was one notable aspect of the economic boom; what did the prosperity of the 1920s give many Americans the confidence to do; how did American attitudes of debt change; provide examples of Americans buying on installment plans; and what did some Americans start doing that was a bit troubling (p. 644)

9- The Washington Conference – Identify significant facts about the Washington Conference (p. 649-650)

10- Abolishing War – What was stated in the Kellogg-Briand Pact (p. 650)

11- The Great Crash – What had happened to the stock market by the latter half of 1929; what did professional investors begin to do; what happened to stock prices; what happened to Groucho

Marx on Monday, October 21; what happened on Black Thursday; what then happened to Groucho Marx; what happened on Black Tuesday; and what happened by mid-November (pp. 658-659)

12- Banks in a Tailspin – How did the market crash severely weaken the nation’s banks; what happened to banks when stock values collapsed; what put the nation into a recession; why did some banks close; what happened to customers if a bank collapsed; why did many Americans begin to make runs on the nation’s banks as well as what bank runs caused; how did most banks make a profit; and how many banks were forced to close during the first two years of the Great Depression (p. 659)

13- The Uneven Distribution of Income – What most economists agree was a cause of the Great Depression; what had increased production capacity; why could most Americans not buy up the flood of goods produced; provide evidence of the uneven distribution of income in the United States; what were installment plans; how did installment plans affect the consumption of other goods; and how did the slowdown in retail manufacturing have repercussions throughout the economy (pp. 659-660)

14- Mistakes by the Federal Reserve – What mistakes had the Federal Reserve made and how did these mistakes contribute to the economy’s continuing downward spiral as well as what companies had to do when the Depression finally hit (p. 660)

15- Lining Up at Soup Kitchens – What were bread lines as well as soup kitchens and what happened to people without jobs (p. 662)

16- Living in Makeshift Villages – Why did people lose their homes during the Depression; what was an eviction notice and why did some landlords ask the court for such a notice; what was a bailiff and what would a bailiff do; describe shantytowns; why were shantytowns called Hoovervilles; and who were hobos and what did they do (p. 662)

17- The Dust Bowl – Identify significant facts about the “Dust Bowl” as well as its causes and effects and be sure to mention “Okies”(p. 663)

18- Escaping the Depression and The Hollywood Fantasy Factory –How Americans escaped the Great Depression if only for an hour or two and what ordinary citizens went to the movies to see and what they saw as well as how Hollywood films inspired Americans (pp. 663-664)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term) 1- The Bonus Marchers – What was the bonus American soldiers

and sailors were to get and why; what was suggested about the bonus in 1931; describe the veterans’ march to Washington; why were the marchers called the “Bonus Army;” what did the

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marchers do once in Washington; what was Hoover’s response to the marchers; what happened after the Senate voted the new bonus bill down; what did Hoover order and what happened; describe the assault on the veterans; and how had Hoover failed but what had he done (pp. 671-672)

2- Roosevelt is Inaugurated – Who won the presidency in November 1932; when was FDR inaugurated; what continued to rise; why did bank runs increased and how did the issue of the gold standard affect the runs; what were bank holidays; and describe the state of the nation by the day of Roosevelt’s inauguration (pp. 680-681)

3- The Hundred Days Begins – What were Roosevelt’s advisers called; what approach to the crisis of the Great Depression had Roosevelt revealed during his campaign for the presidential nomination; what was the Hundred Days; and what was the First New Deal (pp. 682-683)

4- Origins of the New Deal – What was Roosevelt not; what kind of politician was Roosevelt; what was FDR or Franklin Delano Roosevelt willing to try; and why did the president deliberately choose advisers who disagreed with each other (p. 683)

5- The Emergency Banking Relief Act – Describe Roosevelt’s national bank holiday; what was the Emergency Banking Relief Act; and describe FDR’s “fireside chats” as well as the importance of these chats (pp. 683-684)

6- The TVA – Identify significant facts about the Tennessee Valley Authority and be sure to include what it was and how it changed the region as well as how it helped the people of the region during the Great Depression (pp. 684-685)

7- Regulating Banks and Brokers – What the Securities Act of 1933 was; what the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) does; what the Glass-Steagall Act did; what the difference is between commercial banking and investment banking; and what the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) does (pp. 684-685)

8- The Agricultural Adjustment Act – What was stated in the Agricultural Adjustment Act; what the Agricultural Adjustment Administration did; what happened to the cotton and to the piglets; what farmers did over the next two years; what happened to farm prices; and why some Americans were critical of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (p. 685)

9- A Blueprint for Industrial Recovery – What was stated in the National Industrial Recovery Act; what the codes of fair competition were; what the National Recovery Administration (NRA) did; what the blue eagle sign was; what consumers were urged to do; what the complaints of small businesses were; why

more efficient companies disliked price fixing; what codes employers disliked that pertained to workers; what employers complained about high minimum wages; and what the Supreme Court declared the NRA to be in 1935 (pp. 685-686)

10- The CCC – What it was and what it did (p. 687)11- Public Works and Emergency Relief – What the Federal

Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) did; why Harry Hopkins said, “People don’t eat in the long run – they eat every day;” what the Public Works Administration (PWA) was; and how did the PWA break down some of the long-standing racial barriers in the construction trades (p. 687)

12- The CWA – What the CWA was and be sure to include many specific facts about what it did, who it hired, why it spent so much money, why FDR shut it down, and what the first New Deal did not restore but what it showed about Roosevelt and how it affected the American people (p. 688)

13- Criticism from Left and Right – What people on the right generally believed about the New Deal; define deficit spending; what the purpose of the American Liberty League was; and what people on the left believed about Roosevelt’s New Deal (p. 690)

14- Huey Long – Identify significant facts about Democratic senator Huey Long of Louisiana as well as what he had done that enabled him to build a powerful and corrupt political machine as well as facts about his “Share Our Wealth” clubs (p. 690)

15- Father Coughlin – Who Father Coughlin was; what he had; what he called for; and what he organized (p. 690)

16- The Townsend Plan – Who Dr. Francis Townsend was and what he proposed as well as why and why these critics of Roosevelt posed a threat to FDR’s reelection (pp. 690-691)

17- Launching the Second New Deal and the WPA – What Roosevelt launched in 1935; what the Works Progress Administration (WPA) was; what the Works Progress Administration (WPA) did; and what the “Federal Number One” program was and why it was controversial (pp. 691-692)

18- The Supreme Court’s Role – What was growing in Congress, what did the Supreme Court rule in Schechter v. United States; what did Roosevelt realize after the Court’s decision; and why did Congress pass the “second hundred days” (p. 692)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)1- The National Labor Relations Act – What it is also called; what

collective bargaining is; what the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) does; what binding arbitration is; and what the NLRB was authorized to do (pp. 692-693)

2- The CIO – What John L. Lewis and the United Mine Workers

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began to do; what the Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO) was; and what an industrial union is (p. 693)

3- Sit-Down Strikes – What happened at the General Motors auto-body plant in Cleveland, Ohio; how the workers responded; what happened at Flint, Michigan; what a sit-down strike is; why violence broke out in Flint; what the company recognized on February 11, 1937; why the United Auto Workers (UAW) became one of the most powerful unions; what the United States Steel Corporation did; and what happened to union membership in only six years, and what the CIO was renamed (pp. 693-694)

4- The Social Security Act – What was its major goal; what did it provide; what was the core of Social Security; what was another benefit of the program; where did the money from the program come from; why did FDR say, “no politician can ever scrap my social security program;” what did FDR not anticipate; who was initially left out of the program; and what principle did it establish (p. 694)

5- Roosevelt’s Second Term – What dramatic shift in party allegiance occurred as a response to FDR’s New Deal; what were the different parts of the Democratic Party’s coalition; how did Eleanor Roosevelt help bring about this change; and identify some of the gains of African Americans and women as a result of the New Deal (pp. 695-696)

6- The Court-Packing Plan – Why was Roosevelt furious at the Supreme Court; what did Roosevelt claim about the Court and what was his solution to this problem; what bill did Roosevelt send to Congress about the Supreme Court; what would the bill have allowed if Congress had passed it; what did FDR’s court-packing plan create the impression that the president was trying to do; how did the court-packing plan split the Democratic party; how did the Supreme Court respond to Roosevelt’s plan; and what happened to the court-packing plan (p. 697)

7- The Fair Labor Standards Act – What did the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 provide for and how were the views of some individuals in Congress changing regarding the New Deal (p. 699)

8- Government’s New Role – What was the biggest change the New Deal brought about; define safety net; what did Americans believe about government by the time Roosevelt’s years were over; and what did critics argue about the New Deal (p. 700)

9- The Rise of Dictators – What factors contributed to the rise of antidemocratic governments in both Europe and Asia; identify significant facts about Benito Mussolini; define fascism; identify significant facts about Vladimir Lenin as well as Joseph Stalin; and identify facts about Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (pp. 708-710)

10- Militarists Gain Control of Japan – What problems did Japan face in the 1920s; what did many Japanese military officers believe about Japan as well as about democracy; why did Japan target Manchuria in northern China; what did the Japanese army do in September 1931; and what led to the military being effectively in control of Japan (p. 710)

11- Legislating Neutrality – What did Congress pass as many Americans worried that growing German and Italian aggression might lead to war; what was the Act based on; what happened in Spain and how were other countries involved in the conflict in Spain; what was the Anti-Comintern Pact; who were the Axis Powers; and what did the Neutrality Act of 1937 ban (p. 711)

12- The Munich Crisis and Appeasement – What was the Sudetenland and what was Hitler’s plan in the region; how did other nations respond to Hitler’s plan; what happened at the Munich Conference on September 29, 1938; define appeasement; what did supporters of appeasement believe; and what did Hitler do the following March that was in brazen violation of the Munich agreement (p. 714)

13- The Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact – What was stated in the pact and why did Hitler and Stalin agree to the pact; why did the pact shock the world; and what was the secret deal made in the pact (p. 715)

14- The Nuremberg Laws and Kristallnacht – Identify significant facts about the Nuremberg Laws and what happened on Kristallnacht (pp. 720-721)

15- The Final Solution – What happened at the Wannsee Conference and what was the Final Solution (p. 723)

16- Destroyers-for-Bases Deal – What it was and why it was requested (p. 726)

17- The Lend-Lease Act – What it was; why Roosevelt argued for it; and what the Act did (p. 727)

18- The Atlantic Charter – When Roosevelt and Churchill met; what their goals were; and what happened between the U.S. and Germany (pp. 727-728)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- America Embargoes Japan – Why and how Roosevelt put economic pressure on Japan; why Roosevelt began sending lend-lease aid to China; what Roosevelt did to Japanese assets in the United States; what Roosevelt made clear about the oil embargo with Japan; and identify the Japanese response to these U.S.

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actions (pp. 728-729)2- Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor – What happened at Pearl Harbor

and why it happened as well as the U.S. response (pp. 729-730)3- The Zoot Suit Riots – What was a zoot suit; what was a “victory

suit;” and what were the causes and effects of the zoot suit riots (pp. 751-752)

4- Japanese American Relocation – What happened to Japanese Americans after the attack on Pearl Harbor; what rumors circulated; what did Roosevelt sign pertaining to Japanese Americans; identify significant facts about Korematsu v. the United States; what were the actual facts regarding Japanese Americans during the war; what was noted about the 442nd Regimental Combat Team; and what did the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) do after the war (pp. 752-753)

5- Blue Points, Red Points and Victory Gardens and Scrap Drives – Define rationing; describe the rationing system; why was rationing used; as well as what were victory gardens and scrap drives (pp. 753-754)

6- Planning Operation Overlord – Provide as many details about the D-Day invasion – from preparation to execution (pp. 757-758)

7- Island-Hopping in the Pacific – Describe the island-hopping campaign in the Pacific as well as facts about Tarawa and subsequent invasions (pp. 759-760)

8- The Manhattan Project – What it was and how it changed history (pp. 769)

9- The Decision to Drop the Bomb – Describe the debate about the atomic bomb as well as what was decided and what happened (pp. 769-771)

10- Creating the United Nations – Identify significant facts about the United Nations (p. 771)

11- Putting the Enemy on Trial – Provide as many facts as possible about the Nuremberg Trials as well as the trials held in Tokyo (p. 772)

12- A Clash of Interests and Soviet Security Concerns – What the Cold War was and what the Soviet concerns were after the war (pp. 778-779)

13- Dividing Germany – What happened to Germany after the war and decisions made between the Soviets and the Americans regarding Germany (p. 780)

14- The Iron Curtain Descends – What did the presence of the Soviet army in Eastern Europe ensure; define satellite nations; and what Churchill meant by an iron curtain (p. 782)

15- The Truman Doctrine – What conflicts in Turkey and Greece occurred as well as what the Truman Doctrine was (p. 785)

16- The Marshall Plan – What it was and what it did as well as how

the Soviets and the satellites responded to the plan (p. 785)17- West Germany is Founded and the Berlin Airlift and NATO –

Why was West Germany founded; what happened during the Berlin Airlift; and what was NATO as well as the Warsaw Pact (pp. 785-786)

18- The Korean War and the UN Intervenes – What were the causes of the conflict and why did the United Nations intervene as well as what happened at Inchon (pp. 787-789)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)1- China Enters the War and Truman Fires MacArthur as well as

Changes in Policy – What China did and why; why Truman fired MacArthur; define limited war; why the Korean War marked an important turning point in the Cold War; and how the Korean War changed the Cold War (p. 789)

2- A New Red Scare and The Loyalty Review Program and HUAC – What fear was spreading; when did the Red Scare begin and why; what the search for spies escalated into; define subversion; what Americans began to fear; what the loyalty review program was; how the loyalty review program worked and affected Americans; who J. Edgar Hoover was and what he urged HUAC to do as well as what HUAC was and why it had been founded; and what the FBI did (pp. 790-791)

3- Alger Hiss – What happened to Alger Hiss and what did Whittaker Chambers claim about Hiss as well as Richard Nixon’s involvement in the case and the “pumpkin papers” and be sure to include the outcome (pp. 791-792)

4- The Rosenbergs – Who they were; what they were accused of; and what happened to them (p. 792)

5- McCarthy’s Charges – Who McCarthy was; what he proclaimed; and what he said about Dean Acheson (pp. 793-794)

6- McCarthy’s Tactics and McCarthy’s Downfall – What McCarthy became; why the author of the textbook refers to McCarthy’s investigations as witch hunts; what McCarthyism means; how he would question witnesses; what he began to look for in 1954; what happened during the Army-McCarthy hearings; who the army lawyer was and why he said, “Have you no sense of decency”; how it ended for McCarthy (pp. 794-795)

7- Life During the Early Cold War – What shocked Americans in 1953 and describe bomb shelters, “duck-and-cover” actions as well as fallout shelters and what fallout was and how many people would die from fallout as compared to killed outright by a nuclear blast (pp. 795-796)

8- The Sputnik Crisis – Why Eisenhower began development of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs); what was Sputnik

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and why did it stun Americans; what did members of Congress fear; what was the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as well as what did the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) provide funds for (pp. 798-799)

9- Brinkmanship in Action – Define brinkmanship and why did Eisenhower use brinkmanship (p. 799)

10- The Korean War Ends – What did Eisenhower say during his campaign for presidency; what did he do when he became president; what did Eisenhower threaten; what was the result of that threat; and how did the Korean War end (p. 799)

11- The Fair Deal – What was Truman’s Fair Deal and while the 81st

Congress did not completely embrace Truman’s Fair Deal, what did legislators do regarding the Fair Deal (pp. 810-811)

12- Interstate Highways – What did American officials realize about America’s roads during the Cold War and what did the Eisenhower administration propose as well as state the effects of the interstate highway system (pp. 812-813 in the box titled “Why It Matters: Interstate Highways”)

13- The Growth of Suburbia – Describe Levittown; provide facts about the growth of suburbs; what the GI Bill offered regarding home ownership; what factors encouraged home ownership; and why some Americans criticized the suburbs (p. 816)

14- The Baby Boom – Identify significant facts about the American birthrate after World War II; what factors contributed to the baby boom; and how did the government encourage the growth of families as well as how did popular culture encourage the growth of families (pp. 816-817)

15- The Rise of Television Popularity and TV Nation – What happened during World War II regarding televisions; how did television change America; and identify significant facts from the box titled “TV Nation” (p. 821)

16- Rock ‘n’ Roll – Who was Alan Freed and what did he do; what was rock ‘n’ roll; who was Elvis Presley and how did he end up on the Ed Sullivan Show; how did adults react to rock ‘n’ roll; and define the generation gap (pp. 823-824)

17- The Beat Movement – Who were the beatniks; where did the term beat come from; how did the beats live and what did they criticize; and identify significant facts about Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac (p. 824)

18- African American Entertainers – What struggles did African American entertainers face; identify talented African American singers and groups who recorded hit songs in the fifties and sixties; and how did the music of early African American rock ‘n’ roll artists have a profound influence on music throughout the world (pp. 824-825)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term) 1- Hispanics – What was the Bracero program; describe the

working conditions of laborers in the Bracero program; and describe how these hard-working families lived (p. 830)

2- Native Americans – Identify significant statistics regarding Native Americans by the middle of the 1900s; what had many Native Americans done during World War II; what the termination policy was; what did the government encourage Native Americans to do; what were some of the selfish goals of some individuals regarding Native Americans; and what were the terrible effects of the termination policy (pp. 830-831)

3- The Election of 1960 and A New Kind of Campaign and The Main Issues – How television influenced the election; describe the two candidates; what Democrats and Republicans spent on television and radio spots; what were the candidates’ views on the issues; what were some of the serious threats from the Soviets mentioned; what was the “missile gap” according to Kennedy; what did Kennedy come under scrutiny about; and what was the outcome of the election (pp. 840-841)

4- The Kennedy Mystique – What had many Americans been taken with during Kennedy’s campaign and what did Kennedy do and say on his Inauguration Day (pp. 841-842)

5- Warren Court Reforms and “One Man, One Vote” – Who was Earl Warren; what stance did the Warren Court take; define reapportionment; what had many states failed to restructure; provide an example from Tennessee about electoral districts regarding rural, suburban, and urban areas; what vote counted for less in Tennessee; what happened in Baker v. Carr; what is stated in the Fourteenth Amendment; what did the Supreme Court rule in Reynolds v. Sims; what did the Court’s decision shift; and what did the Court’s decision boost (pp. 843-844)

6- Extending Due Process – What the Supreme Court did regarding using the Fourteenth Amendment to apply the Bill of Rights in a series of historic rulings in the 1960s; what is stated in the Fourteenth Amendment; define due process; what did the Supreme Court rule in the 1960s regarding the federal bill of rights; and what were the rulings in Mapp v. Ohio; Gideon v. Wainwright; Escobedo v. Illinois, and Miranda v. Arizona (pp. 844-845)

7- Prayer v. Privacy – What did the Supreme Court rule regarding church and state; what were the Court’s rulings in Engel v. Vitale (1962) as well as Abington School District v. Schempp; and Griswold v. Connecticut (1965); and what did New York Times columnist Anthony Lewis note about the Warren Court (p. 845)

8- The Peace Corps – What was the Peace Corps; where were young people sent; what did young people do in the Peace

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Corps; and why is it still one of Kennedy’s most enduring legacies (p. 847)

9- The Cold War Moves Into Space – What was the space race; what was Kennedy determined to do; and what happened in July 1969 (pp. 847-848)

10- The Bay of Pigs – Who was Fidel Castro; what did Castro do; what was Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev expressing an intent to do; what had President Eisenhower authorized the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to do; what did Kennedy’s advisers approve; what happened at the Bay of Pigs; and why was the Bay of Pigs a dark moment for the Kennedy administration (pp. 848-849)

11- The Berlin Wall Goes Up – What did Khrushchev want to do regarding Communist East Germany; what did Khrushchev demand of the Western powers; what did Khrushchev do in retaliation to the Western powers; what did guards posted at the wall do; and what did the Berlin Wall stand as a visible symbol of (p. 849)

12- The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Impact of the Cuban Missile Crisis – What did American intelligence agencies learn over the summer of 1962; what did President Kennedy announce on television; what did President Kennedy order as well as why; why did nuclear holocaust seem imminent; what did the Soviet Union offer after a flurry of secret negotiations; why was an agreement reached; what did Khrushchev say about lunatics; and what did Kennedy publicly agree to remove as well as privately agree to remove and what did the Soviets agree to remove as well as why could the world breathe again (pp. 849-850)

13- The Death of President Kennedy – What happened on November 22, 1963; who was accused of the assassination and describe this individual; what was speculated after Jack Ruby shot the assassin to death; what did a national commission headed by Chief Justice Warren conclude about Oswald; what controversy occurred as a result of the Warren Commission’s report; and what was the reaction within the United States and around the world to the President’s death (pp. 850-851)

14- Johnson Takes the Reins – What existed in the United States away from the nation’s affluent suburbs; what had Michael Harrington written and what was stated in that book; what had Harrington’s book inspired both President Kennedy and his successor, Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ) to do; what did Johnson know he had to do after Kennedy’s assassination; and what did Johnson urge Congress to do (pp. 854-855)

15- A War on Poverty – What had Johnson seen as well as what did he believe deeply in; what did Johnson believe about a wealthy, powerful government; what did Johnson want to achieve; what did President Johnson tell Americans about poverty; what kind of war did Johnson declare; what programs did Johnson create; what did the Neighborhood Youth Corps provide; what did the Job Corps provide; and what was VISTA and what did it do (pp. 856-857)

16- The Great Society – What were the main principles of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965; what was the Great Society; why were Johnson’s goals consistent with the times; what were the goals of the Great Society; describe Medicare and Medicaid; and describe Head Start; identify significant facts about the Department of Housing and Urban Development; and why was the Immigration Reform Act of 1965 important (pp. 857-859)

17- Legacy of the Great Society – What did the Great Society accomplish as well as what did the Great Society not achieve and what questions did the Great Society produce (pp. 859-860)

18- An American Story and The Origins of the Movement – Who was Rosa Parks and what did she do; why was the bus system boycotted in Montgomery; what had the Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson; what were “Jim Crow” laws; and what is de facto segregation (pp. 866-867)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- The Push for Desegregation – What did African American leaders demand during World War II; what did James Farmer and George Houser found in Chicago in 1942; what did CORE do and what were sit-ins; how did CORE use the sit-in strategy; describe a sit-in at a segregated restaurant; and what did the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) successfully do (p. 868)

2- The Civil Rights Movement Begins and Brown v. Board of Education – What had many African American soldiers returned home believing; what did they do when that change did not come quickly; who was Thurgood Marshall and why was he important; what did Marshall focus on; who was Linda Brown and what happened to her; and what did the Supreme Court rule in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (p. 868)

3- The Southern Manifesto – What did the Brown decision mark a dramatic reversal of; what did the Brown ruling threaten; how did white Southerners react; what were pupil assignment laws; how did the Supreme Court inadvertently encourage white resistance to the Brown decision; and what was the Southern Manifesto (pp. 868-869)

4- The Montgomery Bus Boycott – What was the cause of the Montgomery Bus Boycott; what was the Montgomery

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Improvement Association; who was Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; what did Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. say to inspire the protestors; what did the protest have to be according to Dr. King; identify significant facts about Dr. King; explain nonviolent passive resistance or nonviolent noncooperation; how had Mohandas K. Gandhi inspired Dr. King; how long did the boycott last; and what did the Supreme Court decide about Alabama’s laws requiring segregation on buses (pp. 869-870)

5- Crisis in Little Rock – What happened in Little Rock, Arkansas, in September 1957; what did the governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus, do regarding the situation and why; what did the governor order and why; what placed Little Rock at the center of national attention; what had Faubus used the armed forces of a state to do that was the first such challenge to the Constitution since the Civil War; why was the school left to the mob; what did angry whites do to the African American students; what did Eisenhower do to ensure that federal authority was upheld; and what were the nine African American students finally able to do (pp. 871-872)

6- An American Story and The Sit-In Movement – Describe what happened in Greensboro, North Carolina; what followed after the Greensboro sit-in; where were sit-ins staged; who was attracted to the sit-in movement; why were leaders of the NAACP and SCLC nervous at first about the sit-in movement; and how did the students prove them wrong (pp. 873-874)

7- SNCC – Who was Ella Baker and what did she do; what was the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) as well as who were some of its early leaders; what were SNCC’s accomplishments; and identify significant facts about Fannie Lou Hammer (p. 874)

8- The Freedom Riders – What did CORE leader, James Farmer, ask teams of African Americans and whites to do and why; who were the Freedom Riders; what did Freedom Riders do in early May 1961; what happened to the Freedom Riders when they arrived in Alabama; what did the head of the police in Birmingham, Theophilus Eugene (“Bull”) Connor, explain about the lack of police at the bus station; what did the FBI later prove about Connor; and how did Americans respond (pp. 874-875)

9- James Meredith – Identify many significant facts about James Meredith (p. 876)

10- Violence in Birmingham – Why was Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. frustrated; why was he disappointed; what did Dr. King come to realize about the federal government and when it intervened; what did he decide to do; what was happening in Birmingham; why was Dr. King arrested; what did he write in prison and what is his letter considered; what did Dr. King explain about a

higher moral law and about injustice as well as how did Bull Connor respond to growing protests (pp. 876-877)

11- The Civil Rights Act of 1964 – What it was and why it was important – be sure to include Alabama’s governor, George Wallace and what he said as well as what he did and what happened to Medgar Evers and why Kennedy seized that moment to announce the civil rights bill and what he said (p. 877)

12- The March on Washington – What happened at the March on Washington – provide many facts about the march and what Dr. King said at the March (pp. 877-878)

13- The Civil Rights Bill Becomes Law – Where did the bill face a more difficult time and why; what are U.S. senators allowed to do; what can the Senate not do until all senators have finished speaking; define filibuster; define cloture; what was the rule about cloture in the 1960s; what did this rule in the 1960s mean; what Johnson did after Kennedy’s assassination; how was the civil rights bill passed; and what was stated in the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as well as what the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) did (pp. 878-879)

14- The Struggle for Voting Rights – Why were voting rights far from secure even after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed; what was stated in the Twenty-fourth Amendment; define poll tax; what happened to SCLC and SNCC members as they tried to register African Americans in the South; describe the bombings of churches; and what was Dr. King’s response (p. 879)

15- The Selma March – Identify the many significant facts about the Selma March (pp. 879-880)

16- The Voting Rights Act of 1965 – When it was signed; what it stated; what its effects were; why it marked a turning point in the civil rights movement; and where the civil rights movement began to focus its attention (p. 880)

17- The Watts Riot – Identify the causes and effects of the riot as well as other riots (pp. 882-883)

18- The Kerner Commission – What it was and what it concluded (p. 883)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Black Power – Why many African Americans began to turn away from Dr. King; what were some of the new strategies; what did CORE and SNCC vote to do; define black power; what did Stokely Carmichael believe about black power; what did black power stress; define cultural assimilation; how did the black power movement differ from cultural assimilation; what did students demand; why did Dr. King criticize the black power movement; and where was the black power movement very

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popular (p. 884)2- Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam – Who was Malcolm X; how

did prison change Malcolm; what was the Nation of Islam; what did the Nation of Islam preach; why did Malcolm X change his name as well as what did the “X” stand for; how did Black Muslims try to make themselves as economically self-sufficient as possible; what did the Black Muslims advocate; why did Malcolm X break with the Black Muslims by 1964; what did Malcolm X do after he broke with the Nation of Islam; what happened to Malcolm X in February 1965; what did Malcolm X often say in his speeches; and how has Malcolm X influenced African Americans (pp. 884-885)

3- The Black Panthers – Who organized the Black Panthers; where were most members recruited from; what did the Black Panthers believe; what was the “Ten-Point Program;” and what did Eldridge Cleaver write (p. 885)

4- The Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. – What had made further legislation to help blacks economically less likely; what did Dr. King do in March 1968; what had the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) been planning as well as what was its goal; what happened on the evening of April 4, 1968; what had he ironically just told a gathering at a local African American church; what did Dr. King’s assassination touch off; who was Ralph Abernathy and what did he do; what was the Civil Rights Act of 1968; and what did Dr. King’s death mark (pp. 885-886)

5- The Vietminh Drive Out the French and Defeat at Dien Bien Phu and the Geneva Accords – Who had the French struggled against; what were the tactics of guerrillas; what the French commander did in 1954 and why; what happened to the French at Dien Bien Phu; when the French force surrendered at Dien Bien Phu as well as what the defeat convinced the French to do; identify significant facts about the Geneva Accords; how did North Vietnam differ from South Vietnam; when was the nation to be reunited and how; what did the United States do; who was Ngo Dinh Diem; why did Diem refuse elections; what intensified in the wake of Diem’s actions (pp. 894-895)

6- American Involvement Deepens – What did Ho Chi Minh and his followers begin after Ngo Dinh Diem refused to hold national elections; what was the Vietcong; what groups were involved in the fighting; who did the Americans’ support; why did the Vietcong continue to grow powerful; what had the Vietcong done by 1961; and who did Diem looked increasingly to and why (pp. 896-897)

7- The Overthrow of Diem – What made Diem even more unpopular; what did Diem do that upset Buddhists; what did a

Buddhist monk do and why; what were Vietnamese generals plotting to do and why; how did the Americans respond to the generals; what happened on November 1, 1963; why did Diem’s overthrow make matters worse; why did the United States become even more deeply involved; what happened to President Kennedy three weeks after Diem’s death; and who inherited the growing problem of Vietnam (pp. 897-898)

8- Johnson and Vietnam and the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution – What was Johnson’s initial reaction to the Vietnam conflict as well as what was he determined to prevent; what had many Republicans blamed the Truman administration for as well as what did Johnson fear; what did President Johnson announce on August 2, 1964; what did Johnson insist about the attacks; what did Johnson not reveal; what did Johnson ask Congress for; and what was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution as well as what had Congress, in effect, handed the president (pp. 898-899)

9- The United States Sends in Troops – What did the Vietcong do shortly after Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution; how did President Johnson respond to the actions of the Vietcong; how did Americans respond to Johnson’s decision; what did George Ball warn; what did most of Johnson’s advisers believe; and what was Operation Rolling Thunder (p. 899)

10- A Determined Enemy – What had United States military leaders underestimated; what did the guerrillas have no intention of doing; who made up the Vietcong forces as well as how did the North Vietnamese provide support; what was the Ho Chi Minh Trail; what had President Johnson refused to do regarding the Ho Chi Minh Trail and why; who did North Vietnam receive military weapons and support from; why did President Johnson refuse to order a full-scale invasion of North Vietnam; why was it difficult for the Americans to win the war; what was the U.S. strategy as well as what did this strategy lead to; and what did many Americans back home begin to question (pp. 900-901)

11- A Growing Credibility Gap – What happened to public support as the war dragged on; what had General William Westmoreland said; what was the credibility gap; and what did Congress begin to do (pp. 904-905)

12- An Antiwar Movement Emerges and Teach-Ins Begin and Anger at the Draft – What did many Americans begin to do regarding the war; what were teach-ins; what were the different reasons some Americans opposed the war; what were young protestors particularly focused on and why; why was the draft system unfair; how did the unfair draft system affect Americans differently; what did Dr. King say about the war; what happened as the war escalated; what did many draftees do to their draft cards and why; where did some draftees flee and

why; why did some draftees go to prison; how many Americans were prosecuted for refusing to serve between 1965 and 1968; identify significant facts about antiwar protests; what did the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) organize and why; and what was the Twenty-sixth Amendment and how was it related to the Vietnam War (pp. 905-906)

13- Hawks and Doves – How did Johnson view his critics and how did he view college protestors; what did a poll taken about the war reveal about the number of its supporters and those who opposed the war; what did many supporters of the war openly criticize the protestors for; and who were the doves and who were the hawks (p. 907)

14- 1968: The Pivotal Year and The Tet Offensive and Johnson Leaves the Presidential Race – Why was 1968 the most turbulent year of the chaotic 1960s; what was Tet; what happened during the Tet offensive; why was Tet a disaster for the Communist forces; yet how was Tet a major political victory for the North Vietnamese; what did General Westmoreland request and what did this request seem to be an admission of; what did the media begin to do regarding the war; what happened to Johnson’s approval rating after the Tet offensive; who was Eugene McCarthy; and how did Johnson stun television viewers on March 31, 1968 (pp. 907-908)

15- A Season of Violence – What two assassinations shocked the nation and what happened at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago (p. 908)

16- Nixon Wins the Presidency – Identify significant facts about the 1968 Republican presidential candidate, Richard Nixon; who was George Wallace; what did Nixon promise to do; what hurt Humphrey’s campaign; how did President Johnson help Humphrey; and what helped Nixon win the election as well as what was Nixon’s chief goal as president (p. 909)

17- The Pentagon Papers – What sparked violent protests on college campuses; what did Congress repeal in December 1970; who was Daniel Ellsberg and what did he leak; identify significant facts about the Pentagon Papers; and what did the Pentagon Papers confirm (p. 912)

18- The Two Sides Reach Peace and South Vietnam Falls – What did South Vietnam’s president refuse; what were the “Christmas bombings”; what were the outcomes of the renewed peace talks; what happened on January 27, 1973; what were the terms of the peace; when did the peace agreement collapse; what had Nixon promised the South Vietnamese government during the peace talks; what did the new president, Gerald Ford, ask Congress for as well as what was Congress’s response; and what happened on April 30, 1975 (pp. 912-913)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- The War’s Impact on the Nation – When was the War Powers Act passed by Congress; what was stated in the War Powers Act; what did the legislation address; what had the Vietnam War shook as well as what did it lead some Americans to embrace; and why had the Vietnam War increased Americans’ cynicism about their government (p. 914)

2- The Counterculture and Hippie Culture and New Religious Movements and the Counterculture Declines – What did thousands of mostly white youths turn away from in the 1960s; describe the new lifestyle they created; what was the counterculture and what were members of the counterculture called; what did hippie culture originally represent as well as what did it reject; what was the utopian ideal of the counterculture; what happened as the movement grew larger; what was especially associated with hippie culture; how did hippies drop out of society; define communes; what was the Haight-Ashbury district; what did many hippies embrace in their rejection of materialism; describe these new religious movements; identify significant facts about the Unification Church; identify significant facts about the Hare Krishna movement; and why did the counterculture begin to decline (pp. 922-923)

3- A Wakened Women’s Movement and The Women’s Movement Reawakens and Fighting for Workplace Rights – Why had scores of women grown dissatisfied with their roles; define feminism; what happened to the women’s movement soon after the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment; what was the Equal Rights Amendment; why could Congress ignore the amendment; what had the onset of World War II provided women with; what happened when World War II ended; why were many women increasingly resentful by the early 1960s; how had women gained a better understanding of their inequality; describe the two forces which helped bring the women’s movement to life again; what was the President’s Commission on the Status of Women as well as the Equal Pay Act and Title VII (pp. 926-928)

4- The Feminine Mystique – Who was Betty Friedan; who did she interview; what did she conclude; and what did she write as well as how did her book change America (p. 928)

5- The Time is NOW – Identify significant facts about the National Organization for Women or NOW (p. 928)

6- Successes and Failures and Striving for Equality in Education and Roe v. Wade – What did the women’s movement fight for during the late 1960s and early 1970s; identify significant facts about Kathy Striebel’s story; what is Title IX and why is it significant; what was one of the most important goals for many

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women activists; why was the right to regulate abortion reserved to the states; how did a woman’s access to an abortion change over the years; and identify significant facts about Roe v. Wade; and how were Americans divided over the Roe v. Wade decision (pp. 928-930)

7- The Equal Rights Amendment and the Impact of the Women’s Movement – What did Congress pass in1972; how many states had to ratify the amendment; what did some people fear about the ERA; who was Phyllis Schlafly; how has the women’s movement changed American society; and what problems still exist for American women today (p. 930)

8- Affirmative Action and Challenges to Affirmative Action – What is affirmative action; what do supporters of affirmative action argue; how did Maynard Jackson change Atlanta; what did critics of affirmative action claim; who was Allan Bakke; and what was the ruling in University of California Regents v. Bakke (p. 933)

9- César Chávez and the UFW – Identify significant facts about César Chávez and Dolores Huerta; what was the national boycott of grapes and what was it intended to do; and what was the United Farm Workers (UFW) union; and when did the boycott end (p. 935)

10- Native Americans Raise Their Voices and A Protest Movement Emerges – Identify significant facts about Native Americans in 1970; what was the Declaration of Indian Purpose and when and how was it created; what did Native Americans want; what was the American Indian Movement (AIM); what did AIM do in 1969 and why; and what happened at Wounded Knee in 1973 (pp. 936-937)

11- An American Story and The Beginnings of Environmentalism – Who was Carol Yannacone and what did she discover, what was the Environmental Defense Fund; what happened to DDT in 1972; why were many Americans alarmed regarding the environment; and who was Rachel Carson and how did her 1962 Silent Spring change the way Americans thought about the environment (pp. 939-940)

12- The Consumer Movement – Who was Ralph Nader and what did he discover as well as write; why did a car company hire private detectives to follow Ralph Nader and what were the results of their action; what was the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, and how did Nader’s success change American society (pp. 942-943)

13- The New Federalism – Identify many significant facts about Nixon’s New Federalism; what were revenue-sharing bills; what was revenue sharing intended to do as well as what it actually did; how did Nixon seek to increase the power of the executive

branch; and what did Nixon do when Congress appropriated money for programs he opposed as well as what the Supreme Court ruled on the practice of impoundment (pp. 954-955)

14- The Establishment of Détente – How did the Soviets initially react when Nixon became president; what did Nixon come to reject; define détente; and how did Nixon explain détente to the American people (p. 956)

15- Nixon Visits China – Describe China since 1949; what did the United States not recognize and what did the United States recognize; how did Nixon begin to reverse U.S. foreign policy on China; provide many details about Nixon’s historic visit to China; and what did Nixon believe détente with China would encourage the Soviets to do (p. 956)

16- U.S.-Soviet Tensions Ease – Identify many significant facts about the American-Soviet summit held in May 1972; what did Secretary of Commerce Maurice Stan see during his visit and what was his request; and what was the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, of SALT I (p. 957)

17- An American Story and The Roots of Watergate and Nixon and his “Enemies” and Mounting a Re-election Fight – Why was Bob Woodward in a rather foul mood on the morning of June 17, 1972; what surprised Woodward that morning; what did the Watergate scandal originate from; how had numerous political defeats affected Nixon; what did Nixon think about “radicals”; who was on Nixon’s “enemies list”; why were many individuals in Nixon’s administration optimistic about Nixon winning a second term; what did Nixon staffers also remember; what did Nixon’s team do to gain an edge in the election in every way they could; what did five Nixon supporters do in the early hours of June 17, 1972 and why; and why did the police arrive (pp. 958-959)

18- The Cover-Up Begins – What did the media discover in the wake of the Watergate break-in; who had paid the burglars; what happened during the cover-up of the crime; how did Nixon order a cover-up; what did the White House strongly deny; and how did most Americans respond to the cover-up (pp. 959-960)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- The Cover-Up Unravels and The First Cracks Show and A Summer of Shocking Testimony – Why did McCord agree to cooperate with both a grand jury investigation and with the Senate’s Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities as well as what did his cooperation reveal; who was John Dean and what did he reveal in his testimony; what was the response of the Nixon administration; what did White House aide Alexander Butterfield testify that Nixon had done; why had Nixon ordered this done; and what did members of the

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committee believe the tapes would do (p. 960)2- The Case of the Tapes –What is executive privilege; who was

Archibald Cox and why did he take Nixon to court; what was Nixon’s response; who finally fired Cox; what happened to Nixon’s vice president, Spiro Agnew; and who became vice president and what was his position before becoming the new vice president (p. 961)

3- Nixon Resigns – What did Nixon release in April 1974;why did investigators go to court; what did the Supreme Court rule; what did the House Judiciary Committee vote for; define impeach; what was Nixon charged with; what was the next step in the impeachment process; what did investigators find; what had Nixon ordered the CIA to do just six days after the Watergate burglary; and what did Nixon do on August 9, 1974 (pp. 961-962)

4- The Impact of Watergate – What did President Ford urge Americans to do; what had the Watergate crisis prompted; what were the Federal Campaign Act Amendments; what were some of the additional effects of the Watergate scandal; what did Watergate leave many Americans with; and what did some Americans see the Watergate affair as proof of (p. 962)

5- A Mighty Economic Machine Slows – Why and how did the nation’s economic troubles begin in the mid-1960s; define inflation; what were several causes of inflation in the United States; what did the United States consume in the highest volume of any country in the world; what had the United States become heavily dependent on; what is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC); what war angered the Arab states and why; define embargo; why did OPEC announce an embargo; and how did the embargo affect the United States (p. 964)

6- A Stagnant Economy – What was another economic problem in the United States; what factors forced many factories to close and how did factory closings affect Americans; define “stagflation”; and how did Nixon respond (pp. 964-965)

7- Ford Pardons Nixon – Why did Ford pardon Nixon and what did it mean to pardon Nixon as well as how did Ford’s pardon affect Ford’s reputation (p. 965)

8- The Election of 1976 – Describe how Americans felt as the presidential election of 1976 approached; what was happening in foreign policy; who were the candidates in the election of 1976 and how did the candidates differ; what did Carter promise; what attracted many voters to Carter; how did Ford characterize Carter; and what was the outcome of the election (p. 966)

9- A “War” Against Consumption – What did Carter feel was the

nation’s most serious problem; what did he try to rally Americans to support; what was the Department of Energy; how would the deregulation of oil affect oil prices; how did Carter proceed with deregulation; why was Carter’s plan contradictory; and what was said in Carter’s “malaise” speech (p. 967)

10- Triumph and Failure in the Middle East – Where did President Carter meet his greatest foreign policy triumph and greatest failure; what were the Camp David Accords; why were the Camp David Accords very significant; and what happened in Iran as well as what was the hostage crisis and how did it finally end (pp. 968-969)

11- Liberalism and Conservatism – What do liberals believe and what do conservatives believe (p. 981)

12- The Rise of the Sunbelt and Sunbelt Conservatism – What did Southern conservatives traditionally vote and what did conservatives in the West traditionally vote; why was the Northeast important in elections and what did the Northeast generally support; when did this pattern begin to change and why; what was the Sunbelt movement; and how did people living in the Sunbelt begin to vote as well as describe Sunbelt conservatism (p. 982)

13- Reaganomics – What was Reagan’s first priority once elected president; what did monetarists believe regarding inflation and how to fix it; what was supply-side economics and what did supply-side economists believe about taxes; how were tax cuts supposed to help businesses and investors; how would tax cuts benefit all Americans; what did Reagan combine; and explain Reaganomics or “trickle-down” economics (p. 987)

14- Cutting Programs and Deregulation – What would cutting tax rates mean for the government; define budget deficit; how Reagan proposed to keep the deficit under control; what did Reagan finally conclude about the budget; what did Reagan think about government regulations; and provide examples of Reagan’s deregulation (pp. 987-988)

15- The Iran-Contra Scandal – What had Congress prohibited; what had individuals in Reagan’s administration done; what was the Iran-Contra scandal; and what did Congress conclude about the President’s role in the scandal (p. 990)

16- “Star Wars” and a New Soviet Leader – What did Reagan think about “mutual assured destruction” and what was Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) as well as who was Mikhail Gorbachev and what did he believe and what did he propose and how did Reagan respond (pp. 990-991)

17- The Cold War Ends and Gorbachev’s Reforms and Revolution in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union Collapses – What

happened almost immediately after George H.W. Bush took office; what was Gorbachev’s perestroika as well as Gorbachev’s glasnost; what happened in Eastern Europe as glasnost spread; what happened to Gorbachev and how did Boris Yeltsin defy the coup leaders and what happened to the Soviet Union in late December 1991 (pp. 1002-1003)

18- The Persian Gulf War – What were the causes and the effects of the Persian Gulf War (pp. 1004-1005)

Key Terms: (Create a “quick list” – a list of facts for each term)

1- Extending Rights – What is the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA); when did President Bush sign the legislation; and what were some of the effects of the act (p. 1006)

2- The Budget Battle – Why did Clinton veto several Republican budget proposals in 1995; what did Republicans believe would happen if they stood firm; why would the entire federal government shut down; what did Clinton allow to happen; what did Clinton regain as a result of his position to refuse to back down; what did the Republicans realize; what did both sides reach soon afterward; what was the Health Insurance Portability Act; and what was the Welfare Reform Act (p. 1018)

3- Clinton is Impeached – What scandal had begun in Clinton’s first term; who was Kenneth Starr and what was he asked to do; what was the new scandal that emerged in early 1998; what had some evidence suggested the president had done; define perjury; what did Starr conclude about Clinton; what did Clinton’s supporters claim; what did Clinton’s accusers argue; what was the result of the impeachment trial (pp. 1019-1020)

4- Peacekeeping in Bosnia and Kosovo – Describe Yugoslavia in the Cold War and after the collapse of communism in 1991; describe the civil war in Bosnia; what was ethnic cleansing; what did the U.S. and NATO do; what was the peace plan known as the Dayton Accords; what happened in Kosovo; what did Slobodan Milosevic do; and how did the U.S. and NATO respond (pp. 1020-1021)

5- Peacekeeping in the Middle East – What agreement was reached in 1993 between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization or PLO; what did President Clinton do; describe the opposition to the peace plan that developed on both sides; what did Israeli and Palestinian leaders work out with President Clinton in 1998; why was the issue of Jerusalem unresolved; and what was the outcome of the peace talks (p. 1021)

6- Regional Blocs – What is the North American Free Trade Agreement or NAFTA; what is the European Union or EU; and what is the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation or APEC (pp. 1023-1024)

5/11

7- Trade with China – Why did China play an increasingly important role in world trade; what did many Americans have strong reservations about China; and what did President Clinton argue about China and what did unions fear (p. 1024)

8- Nuclear Proliferation – What concerns arose when Russia agreed to reduce its nuclear arsenal; define nuclear proliferation; and what legislation did Congress pass to reduce nuclear proliferation (p. 1025)

9- Concern About Ozone – What did scientists discover in the 1980s; what is ozone; in what products were CFCs widely used; why did public awareness of ozone increase in the late 1980s; and what did the United States and 22 other nations agree to do regarding the ozone (p. 1025)

10- Global Warming – What is global warming; what do many experts believe causes global warming; why is the issue of global warming controversial; and identify significant facts about the Kyoto Protocol (p. 1025)

11- A Close Vote and Bush v. Gore – What was surprising about the 2000 election; which candidate narrowly won the popular vote; what must a candidate win to win the presidency; what did neither candidate have; what did the election come down to; why was a recount of the ballots in Florida necessary; what had happened to thousands of votes in Florida; what did Al Gore immediately ask for; what did most Florida ballots require voters to do; what was a chad; what was the problem that emerged over a ballot with a chad still partially attached; why did Gore go to court; what did the Florida Supreme Court agree to; why did the Supreme Court intervene in the case; why did Gore’s lawyers head back to court; what was the Supreme Court’s ruling in Bush v. Gore; and which candidate became president and why (pp. 1028-1029)

12- September 11, 2001 – Describe the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 and define terrorism as well as what are terrorist acts intended to instill in people and intended in frightening governments to do (pp. 1031-1032)

13- A New Terrorist Threat – What happened in Afghanistan in 1979; why did Osama bin Laden go to Afghanistan; what is al-Qaeda; what did bin Laden’s experience in Afghanistan convince him about superpowers as well as what did he believe about Western ideas; what did bin Laden dedicate himself and al-Qaeda to; and what were several attacks carried out by al-Qaeda (pp. 1032-1033)

14- Fighting Terrorism At Home – What did President Bush create as part of his effort to protect the American people from further terrorist attacks; what was the purpose of the Office of

Homeland Security; what did the president ask Congress to pass to help law enforcement agencies track down terrorist suspects; what Amendment did Congress have to balance with the need to increase security; what was the USA Patriot Act; what did the new law allow; and why was the Department of Homeland Security created (p. 1035)

15- War in Afghanistan – What did the United States begin on October 7, 2001; why had President George W. Bush ordered the attack; what happened to the Taliban; what did the Americans create in Afghanistan; and what was Operation Anaconda (pp. 1035-1036)

16- The Axis of Evil – What are weapons of mass destruction; what was the “axis of evil” that President Bush warned about in his state of the union speech; why were these three nations a grave threat; and what did the president promise (p. 1036)

17- Danger From North Korea – What did North Korea announce in October 2002 and what did the North Koreans argue (p. 1036)

18- War and Its Aftermath – What was Iraq required to do; what did the Bush administration argue; what did the Bush administration push for; what happened on March 20, 2003, why did the Iraqi army dissolve; when was Saddam Hussein captured; what had Americans found no evidence of; what plagued American soldiers; why did more Americans die after May 1 than had died in the six weeks of major combat; and what did President Bush seek (p. 1037)

There is Still Homework but Homework After May 11 th is Preparation for the Regents Examination in U.S. History and Government!

“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.”~ Aristotle

Ms. Napp’s Grading Policy: Examination: 50%Homework: 35%Participation: 15%