WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 1 Hodder Education Revision Lessons Quality of life and standard of living Click to continue

WJEC (B) GCSE Geography

Theme 1 Topic 1

Hodder Education Revision Lessons

Quality of life and standard of living

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Theme 1 Topic 1

Social indicators (family, health, education and leisure)

Economic indicators(jobs and money)

Environmental indicators(the air, land and water around us)

Percentage of people with qualifications (e.g. GCSEs or degrees)

Unemployment rate Level of biodiversity

Life expectancy Income or wagesAmount of carbon dioxide released per household

Infant mortalityPercentage of people who own a house or car

Amount of derelict land

• quality of life is the happiness and contentment of an individual

• standard of living is a measure of the relative wealth and access to

services of individuals or families

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We can compare quality of life in different regions and between different countries by using indicators.


Theme 1 Topic 1

Choose nine of the following indicators and write them on a sheet of paper.

Owning a house

Being healthy

Having a job

Having a car

Having central heating

Having a good diet

Having money to spend on

fun

Having free time

Being in love/

married

Going to a good school

Living in a

peaceful area

Feeling safe

Being able to get to a shop easily

Having your own

room

Having somewhere to play

Living a long time

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Theme 1 Topic 1

Sort your chosen indicators into the order that shows which are the most important in affecting quality of life.

Most important

Quite important

Quite important

Not very important

Not very important

Not important

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Theme 1 Topic 1

What affects quality of life?In your exam, you may be asked how changes in housing and services affect quality of life. For example ‘Explain how the building of a new supermarket in a town will affect the quality of life of local residents. (4 marks)’

Your answers could include:Positive effects:For example, jobs will be created in the supermarket, so local incomes will increase. Prices in supermarkets are often low, so local people will save money.

Negative effects:For example, there will be more traffic created, so there will be longer journey times for local people. Local businesses can’t compete with low prices, so they might close.

or

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Theme 1 Topic 1

Owning a car Having a burglar alarm

Being close to public transport Having a park or open space

Owning your own home Having a well lit area

Living near a shop Having vandalism and graffiti

Living close to where you workHaving different types of houses (e.g. flats, terraces, semis)

Travelling a long way to work Not having central heating

Living in noisy area Having poor qualifications

Having a garage or driveway

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IndicatorsHow would the following affect quality of life?


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Owning a car… would improve your quality of life because it gives you easy access to jobs and services like healthcare. However, it would also be costly to tax and insure, so this would mean you have less disposable income.

Living near a shop… would improve your quality of life because it is quick and easy to get goods, so saves time travelling. However, there could be a lot of traffic in the area, so this could create parking problems and lead to more accidents.

Living in noisy area… would be stressful and it can disturb sleep and lead to poor health.

Having different types of houses (e.g. flats, terraces and semis)…

could improve quality of life because it creates a mixed community and there will be people around most of the time so the area is looked after.

IndicatorsHere are some suggestions. Now think of some more for all the indicators on the previous slide.

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Theme 1 Topic 1

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How do quality of life and standard of living vary in urban and rural areas?

Angela Calvert

Do you think it is expensive to live here?

In which part of the city do you think these houses have been built?

Do you think the environment affects the quality of life?

Do you think the housing provides a good quality of life?


Theme 1 Topic 1

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Fotolia


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Fotolia


Theme 1 Topic 1

The graph shows the differences between access to clean water and sanitation in rural and urban Nigeria.

(1) Compare the differences between rural and urban access to clean water and sanitation using figures from the graph.

(2) How will this affect quality of life for people living in different parts of Nigeria?

Source: Adapted from www.unicef.org/infobycountry/nigeria_statistics.html

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Quality of life in Nigeria


Theme 1 Topic 1

(1) More people in urban areas of Nigeria have access to improved drinking water — 74% compared with only 42% in rural areas. 36% of people in urban areas of Nigeria have access to improved sanitation, which is higher than the 28% in rural areas. (2) Quality of life for people living in urban areas will improve because fewer people will get ill from drinking contaminated water and so life expectancy will increase, although diseases spread more easily in urban areas because of high density housing and population.

Quality of life in Nigeria


Theme 1 Topic 1

UK Nigeria

1990 2010 1990 2010

Life expectancy at birth (years)

75.7 79.8 44.6 48.4

GDP per capita (wealth) $US

24,617 34,342 1,538 2,289

Adult literacy (% 15 years and over)

99.0 99.0 55.4 74.8

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1 Compare the changes in life expectancy between 1990 and 2010 for the UK and Nigeria. (2 marks)

2 Use the data in the table to suggest why there is a difference in life expectancy between the UK and Nigeria. (2 marks)

Exam practice

Exam tip: Use figures from the table to compare the changes.


Theme 1 Topic 1

UK Nigeria

1990 2010 1990 2010

Life expectancy at birth (years)

75.7 79.8 44.6 48.4

GDP per capita (wealth) $US

24,617 34,342 1,538 2,289

Adult literacy (% 15 years and over)

99.0 99.0 55.4 74.8

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1 The UK’s life expectancy increased by 4.1 years between 1990 and 2010, which is more than Nigeria which increased by 3.8 years.

2 The UK’s life expectancy is higher because it has a higher GDP (US$ 34,342 compared to US$2,289) so people can afford a better diet, medicine and healthcare.

Exam practice answers


Theme 1 Topic 1

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Explain how the housing may affect quality of life for people living in the area shown in the photograph. (2 marks)

Exam practice

Fotolia

Exam tip: When the question asks you to ‘explain’, you need to use the words ‘so’ or ‘because’ in your answer.


Theme 1 Topic 1

• It is high density so diseases will spread easily and make people ill.

• The houses are unstable and so might collapse, causing injuries or deaths.

• The housing is high density, so there will be no space for roads meaning there will be difficult access for emergency vehicles like police, fire or ambulances and this will make it dangerous to live there.

Exam practice answers

Fotolia

Documents

WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 1 Hodder Education Revision Lessons Quality of life and standard of living Click to continue