Name______________________Period__________________

Who is listening?Activity 1.

Classroom definition Your definition

Sentence using the word Picture

Classroom definition Your definition

Sentence using the word PictureClassroom definition Your definition

Sentence using the word Picture

Activity 2. An author writes for many reasons. An author may give you facts or true

information about a subject. Some authors write fiction stories or stories that are not true. They write these stories to entertain you. Other authors may write to persuade or to try to get you to do something.

Directions:

READ EACH OF THE FOLLOWING WRITINGS AND DECIDE WHETHER THE AUTHOR'S PURPOSE IS TO:

persuade inform entertain

1. It was a glorious morning in Alabama. The sun was shining through the trees. Alan couldn't wait to find his fishing pole and call his friend Sam to go fishing. They had a great time on these early morning fishing trips. They took their dogs with them and the dogs would swim in the lake while they fished. It was so funny to watch those dogs paddle around the lake.

What is the author's purpose of this writing? ____________________________

 

2. The Slim-O-Matic will cause you to loose pounds and inches from your body in one month. This amazing machine helps you to exercise correctly and provides an easy video to show you the proper way to exercise. Send $75.99 and begin exercising today.

What is the author's purpose of this writing? ____________________________

 

3. The Underground Railroad was a secret organization which helped slaves escape to freedom. Many slaves were able to escape because of the conductors and station masters. The northern states were Free states and slaves were free once they arrived in the north. Secret codes and signals were used to identify the conductors and station masters.

What is the author's purpose of this writing? ____________________________

Activity 3.No need to write for this one – just play the online matching game!

Activity 4.

Author's Purpose and Point of View

Post test

1. What is it called when the author expresses his opinions and views?

a. entertainment

b. point of view

c. climax

2. All of the following are three main reasons why an author writes a story, EXCEPT to

a. inform.

b. persuade.

c. entertain.

d. to make sure the reader enjoys what he or she is reading.

Identifying the author's purpose. Read the following passages and answer the questions.

3. Lisa always looked forward to the fall because of the Harvest Festival. Of course, she loved the rides, but she really enjoyed the shows. This year would be the best. Lisa had a special opportunity to perform in the talent show.

The author's purpose is to

a. entertain.

b. persuade.

c. inform.

d. create a mysterious mood.

4. What do you do with aluminum cans? Do you throw them in the trash, or do you recycle when you are finished with them? At the rate we are filling our landfills, we will not have anywhere else to put our trash. If you recycle, you will help the environment. The next time you throw away your Coke can, think about putting it in a recycling bin. Your effort will help save your community.

The author's purpose is to

a. entertain.

b. persuade.

c. inform.

d. create a mysterious mood.

5. Tomatoes were once considered poisonous. Some brave people finally took a bite of a tomato, and they survived. Now, we use tomatoes in our salads and sandwiches. Do you ever use tomato sauce or ketchup? These products are made of tomatoes. If it weren't for these brave individuals, you might not be able to enjoy ketchup with your french-fries.

The author's purpose is to

a. entertain.

b. persuade.

c. inform.

d. create a mysterious mood.

6. The impressive eagle is a national symbol in the United States for patriotism and freedom. Because the bald eagle was once hunted for sport, it is on the verge of extinction. If you kill a bald eagle, you can go to jail. Unfortunately, the bald eagle still maybe become extinct.

The author's purpose is to

a. entertain.

b. persuade.

c. inform.

d. create a mysterious mood.

7. Most people think that gorillas are mean, but actually they are shy. It seems that such a huge animal with very large teeth would be aggressive. Hollywood movies help convey this image of the scary, ferocious gorilla. In fact, gorillas only attack if they are provoked. However, gorillas usually don't have to fight other animals because of their impressive size.

The author believes that

a. Gorillas are misunderstood as vicious animals.

b. Gorillas are mean animals.

c. Gorillas don't like other animals.

d. Gorillas communicate well with other animals.

8. This was Kathy's first baby-sitting job. She was so excited, but she was really nervous. Kathy's parents made her attend a baby-sitting workshop before she could baby-sit her neighbor's five-year-old son, Matthew. Kathy knew this was a lot of responsibility, but she thought she was ready. Kathy marched confidently to Matthew's house and waved goodbye to Matthew's parents. It seemed as soon as his parents left, Matthew fell and hit his chin on the coffee table. Without panicking, she remembered what she learned in her baby-sitting class and applied first-aid.

The author wants to show that

a. Matthew should not run in the house.

b. Kathy is ready to baby-sit.

c. Kathy needs to attend more baby-sitting workshops.

d. Coffee tables can be dangerous.

9-10 . Ted, the school reporter, interviewed both candidates for the school election. In his column on the school election, he printed his interview with the two candidates. The following selections were taken out of the school newspaper.

1st letter. Do you want the best class president for your school? If so, please vote for Marco Rodriguez. I am a responsible candidate who will work hard to make our school a better place. Vote for Marco this coming Tuesday.

2nd letter: We need a change at our school. I am the person for this job. I am an honor student who is involved in many different activities. I know I can make a difference. Vote for me, and our school will be even better. Candice Park

9. Ted mentioned the two candidates in his article because

a. he thought Candice Park was a better candidate.

b. he was friends with Marco.

c. his teacher told him to.

d. he wanted to give both candidates an equal opportunity.

10. Ted believes that

a. Marco should be the president.

b. Candace should be president.

c. all students should vote.

d. the students should know the candidates' views.

Activity 5.Political cartoon

1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 6.1. What is the author’s purpose for writing this article?

__________________________________________________2. Who is the targeted audience for this article?

__________________________________________________3. How do you know who this is written for? Give examples

(language, visuals, location) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 7.1. Which two commercials did you watch?

____________________________________________________2. What is the author’s purpose here?

____________________________________________________3. Who are these advertisements aimed at? ______________________4. How do you know? (give three examples)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 8.Read the article and answer the following:

1. Who is this article about? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What happened in the article? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Where did it take place? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. When did it take place? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What was the author’s purpose for writing this article? ____________________________________________________

6. Who is the targeted audience for this article? How do you know? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 9.Read the article and answer the following:

1. Who is this article about? __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What happened in the article? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Where did it take place? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. When did it take place? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What was the author’s purpose for writing this article? ____________________________________________________

6. Who is the targeted audience for this article? How do you know? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 10. 1. Who is the main character of this story? __________________2. What is the basic plot? (what happens?)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Describe the main character. Use examples from the story to support your ideas. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this story?( inform, entertain or persuade) ________________________________

Activity 11.1. What is the author’s purpose in writing this blog?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What do you notice about the style of writing? (grammar, punctuation, etc.) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 12.Read the blog and all seven responses. Then answer the following:

1. What is this article about? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What is being proposed in the article? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Where did it take place? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. When did it take place? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What was the original author’s purpose for writing this article? ____________________________________________________

6. What the purpose of the people who responded to the original blog?____________________________________________________

7. Who is the targeted audience for this article? How do you know? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. What do you notice about the language being used (words, grammar, punctuation). Are they formal or informal?________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Using Land Wisely

A very important world problem - in fact, I am inclined to say it is the most important of all the great world problems which face us at the present time - is the rapidly increasing pressure of population on land and on land resources.It is not so much the actual population of the world but its rate of increase which is important. It works out to be about 1.6 per cent per annum net increase. In terms of numbers this means something like forty to fifty-five million additional people every year. Canada has a population of twenty million - rather less than six months' climb in world population. Take Australia. There are ten million people in Australia. So, it takes the world less than three months to add to itself a population which peoples that vast country. Let us take our own crowded country - England and Wales: forty-five to fifty million people - just about a year's supply.By this time tomorrow, and every day, there will be added to the earth about 120,000 extra people - just about the population of the city of York.I am not talking about birth rate. This is net increase. To give you some idea of birth rate, look at the seconds hand of your watch. Every second three babies are born somewhere in the world. Another baby! Another baby! Another baby! You cannot speak quickly enough to keep pace with the birth rate.This enormous increase of population will create immense problems. By A.D. 2000, unless something desperate happens, there will be as many as 7,000,000,000 people on the surface of this earth! So this is a problem which you are going to see in your lifetime.Why is this enormous increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and the practice of what is coming to be called Death Control. You have heard of Birth Control? Death Control is something rather different. Death Control recognizes the work of the doctors and the nurses and the hospitals and the health services in keeping alive people who, a few years ago, would have died of some of the incredibly serious killing diseases, as they used to be. Squalid conditions, which we can remedy by an improved standard of living, caused a lot of disease and dirt. Medical examinations at school catch diseases early and ensure healthier school children. Scientists are at work stamping out malaria and other more deadly diseases. If you are seriously ill there is an ambulance to take you to a modern hospital. Medical care helps to keep people alive longer. We used to think seventy was a good age; now eighty, ninety, it may be, are coming to be recognized as a normal age for human beings. People are living longer because of this Death Control, and fewer children are dying, so the population of the world is shooting up.Imagine the position if you and I and everyone else living on earth shared the surface between us. How much should we have each? It would be just over twelve acres - the sort of size of a small holding. But not all that is useful land which is going to produce food. We can cut out one-fifth of it, for example, as being too cold. That is land which is covered with ice and snow - Antarctica and Greenland and the great frozen areas of northern Canada. Then we can cut out another fifth as being too dry - the great deserts of the world like the Sahara and the heart of Australia and other areas where there is no known water supply to feed crops and so to produce food. Then we can cut out another fifth as being too mountainous or with too great an elevation above sea level. Then we can cut out another tenth as land which has insufficient soil, probably just rock at the

surface. Now, out of the twelve acres only about four are left as suitable for producing food. But not all that is used. It includes land with enough soil and enough rainfall or water, and enough heat which, at present, we are not using, such as, for example, the great Amazon forests and the Congo forest and the grasslands of Africa. How much are we actually using? Only a little over one acre is what is required to support one human being on an average at the present time.Now we come to the next point, and that is, the haves and the have-nots amongst the countries of the world. The standard share per person for the world is a little over twelve acres per head; potentially usable, about four acres; and actually used about 1.1 acre. We are very often told in Britain to take the United States as an example of what is done or what might be done. Every little American is born into this world with a heritage of the home country, the continental United States, of just about the world average - about twelve acres. We can estimate that probably some six acres of the total of twelve of the American homeland is cultivable in the sense I have just given you. But the amount actually used - what the Americans call 'improved land' in crops and pasture on farms - is three and a half acres. So the Americans have over three times the world average of land on which to produce food for themselves. On that land they produce more food than they actually require, so they have a surplus for export.Now suppose we take the United States' great neighbour to the north, Canada. Every Canadian has 140 acres to roam around in. A lot of it is away in the frozen north, but there is still an enormous area of land in Canada waiting to be settled and developed. The official figure is twenty-two acres. The Canadians use at the moment four acres, and they too have a large food surplus available for export.Now turn to our own country. Including land of all sorts, there is just over one acre per head in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. That is why we have to be so very careful with it. How much do we actually use? Just over half an acre to produce food - that is as farm land. The story is much the same if you separate off Northern Ireland and Scotland and just take England and Wales. In this very crowded country, we have only 0.8 acres per head of land of all sorts to do everything with which we need. That is why we have to think so very carefully of this problem.India, with 2.5 acres per head, has considerably more land than we have in this country. Not all of it is usable for food production. But there is land which could be reclaimed by modern methods, that is being tackled at the present time. The crucial figure is the actual area in agricultural use - three-quarters of an acre! The yields from this land are low, methods of production are primitive, and that is why the Indians are so very near the starvation level for almost every year of their lives. But they are not as badly off where land is concerned as Japan.The Japanese figures are the same as our own country in overall land - 1.1 acres per person - but it is a very mountainous country with volcanoes, and so much less is cultivable. Less than a fifth of an acre - 0.17 of an acre - is under cultivation. You see at once the tremendous land problem which there is in Japan.There is a great variation, of course, in the intensity with which land is used. In the United States they are extravagant in the use of land and take, perhaps, twenty times as much to feed one person as in Japan. You may talk about the Japanese agriculture being twenty times as efficient as the American, but that raises a lot of questions.The intensive cultivation characteristic of Japan uses every little bit of land and only the

barren hillsides are not required. Much of the agriculture is based on rice. The farm workers plant by hand every individual rice plant, and this kind of intensive cultivation enables the Japanese to support seven persons per acre.By contrast, think of the ranch lands in North and South America, with animals ranging over immense tracts of land. A diet of beef and of milk is extravagant of land ; in other words, it takes a lot of land for the number of calories produced. In this sense it is less efficient than the Japanese rice-growing agriculture. But not everyone likes eating rice.Where the sea is concerned, we are scarcely, at the present time, out of the old Stone Age. In the Stone Age, the people simply went out, killed wild animals - if they were lucky - and had a good meal; if they were unlucky they just went hungry. At the present day, we do almost the same thing in the sea, hunting wild fish from boats. In the future, perhaps, we shall cultivate the sea; we shall grow small fish and fish spawn in tanks, take them to the part of the ocean where we want them, let them grow to the right size, and harvest them. This is not fantasy, because, at the present time, fish are being cultivated like that in ponds and tanks in India, and various parts of the Far East so that the people there have a supply of protein. There is a great development possible.A lot of things are going to happen in the next fifty years. It is enormously important to increase the yield of grain plants and a great deal has happened through the work of the geneticists in the last few years. For instance, there has been an enormous world increase in the production of what Americans call corn (maize to us) due to the development of new strains. Throughout agriculture geneticists are improving plants to get higher yields.

From ' Using Land Wisely' Discovery (Granada Television, 1961)

1. The world's population is increasing because the number of babies born every year is about 1.6 per cent of the total population. the birth rate is about 1.6 per cent higher than the death rate. the birth rate is going up by about 1.6 per cent per annum. the death rate is going down by about 1.6 per cent every year

2. "Forty to fifty-five million" is equal to about 1.6 per cent of the world's population. is the number of people in the world today. is the number of babies born every year. is the number of additional people in Canada every year.

3. The author mentions the different populations of Canada, Australia, and England and Wales in order to

show how small those countries are. show how thickly those countries are populated. emphasize the low rate of increase of world population. emphasize the high rate of increase of world population.

4. "This is a problem which you are going to see in your lifetime." This sentence shows that

the author hopes to be alive in A.D. 2000.

the author is talking to fairly young people. the author believes that the people of this generation will live a long time. the author is fairly young.

5. By "Death Control", the author means a rather different kind of Birth Control. control of the world's population. the prevention or cure of diseases. the spread of knowledge in the world.

6. Two things have made people live longer. These are medical care and better living conditions. the spread of malaria and the increase in population. Birth Control and Death Control. medical examinations at school and squalid conditions in hospitals.

7. The land that is suitable for agriculture in the whole world is just over twelve acres per head. about one-third of the total land available. only a little over one acre per head. about one-fifth of the total land available.

8. The United States is a good example of what is done or what might be done with cultivable land because

the Americans have much more than the world average of land they are producing a great deal of food on very little land. the land they have is roughly the world average and they are producing more food

than they need for themselves. they have improved their land by ranching.

9. Official statements show that, in Canada, twenty-two acres per head is the land that is used. the land that they have. the land that is waiting to be settled and developed. the land that can be used.

10. In India everyone cultivates three-quarters of an acre. everyone cultivates 2.5 acres. the total area that is cultivated works out to 2.5 acres per head. the total area that is cultivated works out to three-quarters of an acre per head.

11. "In the United States they are extravagant in the use of land and take, perhaps, twenty times as much to feed one person as in Japan" This is because

an American eats twenty times as much as a Japanese. Americans waste a lot of land as a result of their primitive methods of cultivation Americans produce things that require a lot of land. Americans are twenty times as rich as the Japanese.

12. The author points out the similarity between fishing in the Stone Age and hunting at the present time. fishing at the present time and hunting in the Stone Age. fishing at the present time and cultivation in the Stone Age. fishing at the present time and cultivation in the future.

13. The author points out that in India and various parts of the Far East fish are reared in ponds and tanks. ponds and tanks are used for cultivating land. fish are supplied with protein to make them grow quickly. fish are harvested with tanks.

14. Geneticists are helping to increase food production by developing plants which yield more grain. by finding ways of cultivating the sea. by improving the grain after it is produced. by finding ways of cultivating more land.

15. The author seems to think that the problem of land is not very serious. the problem of land can be solved by removing Death Control. the problem of land should be solved by reducing the population the problem of land is serious but can be solved.

1. The world's population is increasing because the number of babies born every year is about 1.6 per cent of the total population. the birth rate is about 1.6 per cent higher than the death rate. the birth rate is going up by about 1.6 per cent per annum. the death rate is going down by about 1.6 per cent every year

2. "Forty to fifty-five million" is equal to about 1.6 per cent of the world's population. is the number of people in the world today. is the number of babies born every year. is the number of additional people in Canada every year.

3. The author mentions the different populations of Canada, Australia, and England and Wales in order to

show how small those countries are. show how thickly those countries are populated. emphasize the low rate of increase of world population. emphasize the high rate of increase of world population.

4. "This is a problem which you are going to see in your lifetime." This sentence shows that

the author hopes to be alive in A.D. 2000. the author is talking to fairly young people. the author believes that the people of this generation will live a long time. the author is fairly young.

5. By "Death Control", the author means a rather different kind of Birth Control. control of the world's population. the prevention or cure of diseases. the spread of knowledge in the world.

6. Two things have made people live longer. These are medical care and better living conditions. the spread of malaria and the increase in population. Birth Control and Death Control. medical examinations at school and squalid conditions in hospitals.

7. The land that is suitable for agriculture in the whole world is just over twelve acres per head. about one-third of the total land available. only a little over one acre per head. about one-fifth of the total land available.

8. The United States is a good example of what is done or what might be done with cultivable land because

the Americans have much more than the world average of land they are producing a great deal of food on very little land. the land they have is roughly the world average and they are producing more food

than they need for themselves. they have improved their land by ranching.

9. Official statements show that, in Canada, twenty-two acres per head is the land that is used. the land that they have. the land that is waiting to be settled and developed. the land that can be used.

10. In India everyone cultivates three-quarters of an acre. everyone cultivates 2.5 acres. the total area that is cultivated works out to 2.5 acres per head. the total area that is cultivated works out to three-quarters of an acre per head.

11. "In the United States they are extravagant in the use of land and take, perhaps, twenty times as much to feed one person as in Japan" This is because

an American eats twenty times as much as a Japanese. Americans waste a lot of land as a result of their primitive methods of cultivation Americans produce things that require a lot of land. Americans are twenty times as rich as the Japanese.

12. The author points out the similarity between fishing in the Stone Age and hunting at the present time. fishing at the present time and hunting in the Stone Age. fishing at the present time and cultivation in the Stone Age. fishing at the present time and cultivation in the future.

13. The author points out that in India and various parts of the Far East fish are reared in ponds and tanks. ponds and tanks are used for cultivating land. fish are supplied with protein to make them grow quickly. fish are harvested with tanks.

14. Geneticists are helping to increase food production by developing plants which yield more grain. by finding ways of cultivating the sea. by improving the grain after it is produced. by finding ways of cultivating more land.

15. The author seems to think that the problem of land is not very serious. the problem of land can be solved by removing Death Control. the problem of land should be solved by reducing the population the problem of land is serious but can be solved.