Workshop on Legislative XML

Kobaek Strand, Denmark

Wednesday, September 23., 2004

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

The use of SGMLand XML at theEU Publication

OfficeHolger Bagola, EU

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

basis Metaddat are somposed of different levels:

concerning PublicationNumber, date, printer

Documentpagination, language,

Contentmain part, Annex

Secondary languages: publication in force for the new member states

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

difficult start with XMLsuccessfull ues of XML

powerfull posiibilities of re-use of XML instances

http://formex.publications.eu.int/

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

Metadata in NIRFabio Vitali

University of Bologna

(dirty rhetorics)

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

Metadata support has always been present in NIR

aotomatic: completely performed by the machine

semi-automatic performed by the machinebut still requires a human for final verificationan approval

manual: any task that needs to be decidedupon and performed by a thinking humaneven though the machine can provide the supportto help him and easy the task istelf

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

objective: no reasonable discussion can exist

subjective: requires an active interpretation fraom a human

explicit: is actually written in the text

implicit: can be deduced

low competence: nonspecialized employeehigh competence: may be expected fromoverspecialized jurists

editorial intervention: by the publisher of a documentauthorial intervention: by the author of a document

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

objective: no reasonable discussion can exist

subjective: requires an active interpretation fraom a human

explicit: is actually written in the text

implicit: can be deduced

low competence: nonspecialized employeehigh competence: may be expected fromoverspecialized jurists

editorial intervention: by the publisher of a documentauthorial intervention: by the author of a document

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

data structure rather than application

rigorous distinction of roles:author, legislator, editor (can only clean up metainformations)

complexity of the access to texts

different sources – differente authorities support for description and prescription

tagging of existing texs can only be descriptivebut another situation for producing texts

support for legal drafting can be provided, suggestingor enforcing legal drafting rules in the writing

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

celan separation between objective data andsubjective interpretation documentalistic

specific support for multiple interpretationsmust be allowed (Kotsch-Thema)

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

basix structures:•containers (Documents, Parts, articles, all numbered)•text containers (clauses, comma, list elements)•inline Elements (bold, italics, HTML, CSS styles)

Metadata: information about the document and the normative content of the document

support for irregular texts

different DTDs:strict rules (prescriptive)loose rules (descriptive)light rules (support for most common cases)

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

the needs for metadata (for the editor,who cannot change the texst itself):

Metadata represent the only chance for puttinginformation that was not explicitly weitten by the legislator

all possible types of additional information beyondthose provided in the text need to fin d a place here

uses: archival, analysis, annotations

official classifcation of metadata:

a startin g point is provided by NISOUS national Information standardorganization in the guide „Understanding metadata“ 2004

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

but: the distinction between descriptive, structural andadministrative metadata cannot find any concrete basison the real practice

Metadata happens at many different levels

produced more by the editor than by the author

not at eRecht: at the beginningreduce the role of the editor

outside of the document, two different documents!!!

in an specific section inside the document

different positions near by the refereed texts!!!!!!!

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

automatical conversion of the m etadata from one position toanother (outsinde, inside at the beginning, different places)

7 types

norm # documentrefelective Information:

doc knows about itself, refers to the doc, not ist contentpositioning information. doc knows about the normlifecicle information: special moments in the history of the doceditorial notes: etditor adds itIter-connected texts: history before approvalproprietary extensionsprovisions

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

refelective Information: positioning information:

doc knows about the normkeywordsobjective data ???? <noit keywords>

lifecicle information:special moments in the history of the doctime, changes, efficiacy, power

it makes sense to create a secondary structurewhere all relevant moments and documents can be matched <IdF Liste des Index>

editorial notes: etditor adds itIter-connected texts: history before approvalproprietary extensionsprovisions

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

editorial notes: etditor adds it

Iter-connected texts: history before approval

proprietary extensionsan open ended text

provisionsjustifications: forword, pramble: considcered, consultedbased on a proposal, consideringanalytical provisions (list of taxanomies)modification, other<RIS: Beachte, Anmerkungen>

termsMetadata are still under heavy evolution

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

Metadata specificfor provisions

Carlo BiagioliItalian National Resaerch Council

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

Provisions is the meaning of the Paragraph

rules and amendments

provision rulespreliminaray rules concerning the actconstitutive rules: indroducing entities and rolesregulative rules: disciplining actions and their effects

provisions amendments – aspects of the normes.text, meaning, time, extension

functional titlethematic title

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

each provision has

functiondeep structureown components named arguments

manual notationmultiple notation

<elements should be outside ot the texts and refer to the text>

title of the paragraphs are the most ancient metadata of the law

visualization of normsindirec t explicit answers through references

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

deontic inferences of norms throgh logic relationsamong rules (provisions)

Subject a obligation related to another subject b

content analysis:adding duties of persons

deep structure through graphic instrumentbased on metadata provisions and arguments

ergänzt den Text um zusätzliche Informtionen über diesemantische Tiefenstruktur des Textes

many relationships between provisions

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand 22-24 September 2004

x