World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water

Strengthening Meteorological, Hydrological and Climate Services to support Risk Assessment and Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems

WMO Initiative in the Central America and the Caribbean

Dr. Albert Martis Chair RAIV DRR

Co-Chair CCl OPACE IV Climate Information for Adaptation

and Risk Management

www.wmo.int

WMO

Hyogo Framework for Action

Risk TransferRisk Assessment

Historical Hazard databases

Hazard statistics

Climate forecasting and forward looking hazard trend analysis

Exposed assets & vulnerability

Risk analysis tools

Preparedness (saving lives): early warning systems emergency planning and response

Prevention (Reduction of economic losses): Medium to long term sectoral planning (e.g. zoning, infrastructure, agriculture)

CATastrophe insurance & bonds

Weather-indexed insurance and derivatives

Risk Reduction

Information and Knowledge SharingEducation and training across agencies

Alignment of clear policies, legislation, planning, resources at national to local Levels (Multi-sectoral, Multi-agency)

3

2

5

4

1

6

Early Warning Systems Require Coordination Across Many Levels and Agencies

National to local disaster risk reduction plans, legislation and coordination mechanisms

1 2

3 4

10 Basic principles for effective Early Warning Systems

1. Political recognition of the benefits of EWS along with effective planning, legislation and budgeting

2. Effective EWS are built upon four components:(i)) hazard detection, monitoring and forecasting;

(ii) analyzing risks and incorporation of risk information in emergency planning and warnings;

(iii) disseminating timely and “authoritative” warnings with clarity on the responsibilities and mandate for issuance of warnings;

(iv) community emergency planning and preparedness and the ability to activate emergency plans to prepare and respond

3. Roles and responsibilities of all EWS stakeholders and their collaboration mechanisms clearly defined and documented

4. Capacities aligned with resources across national to local levels (sustainability)

5. Hazard, exposure and vulnerability information are used to carry-out risk assessments at different levels

6. Clear, consistent and actionable hazard warnings, with risk information and issued from a single recognized authoritative source

7. Timely, reliable, redundant and sustainable warning dissemination mechanisms

8. Emergency response plans targeted to the individual needs of the vulnerable communities, authorities and emergency responders

9. Regular training and education programmes in risk awareness and emergency response actions

10. Effective feedback mechanisms throughout levels of the EWS for system improvement over time

10 Basic principles for effective Early Warning System (Continued)

NationalGovernment

DRR coordination mechanisms

Meteorological

Hydrological

Geological

Marine

Health, Agricuture (etc.)

Capacity Development and Coordinated National Technical Agencies

feedback

feed

bac

k

Community Preparedwar

nin

gs

warnings

feedback

24

3

5

54

4

5

There is need for investments in all components of Early Warning Systems !

Local Communities responsible for

emergency preparedness and

response

Aligned policies, plans, resources, coordination

1

warnings

Coordination and Cooperation with National Hydro-Met Services

Increasing Level of coordination with technical agencies for early detection, monitoring and development of warnings

Type I Type II Type III

Hazard fully under the

mandate of NMHS

e.g. strong winds, strong rainfall, snow/ice, hail,

tropical cyclone

Hazard under joint mandate with another

technical agency

e.g. floods, landslides,

heat/health etc.

Hazard under mandate of

other agencies but NMHS contribute

e.g. locust, health epidemic, man-made hazards

Increasing Level of coordination with civil protection and risk management agencies for issuance of warnings

Reduction of Reduction of RisksRisks: Life, economics sectors: : Life, economics sectors:

DRM and civil protection, agriculture, water resource management, DRM and civil protection, agriculture, water resource management, infrastructure and planning, urban development, health insurance infrastructure and planning, urban development, health insurance

and financial markets, etcand financial markets, etc

Research and modelingResearch and modelingObservations and Observations and datadata

Forecasting and analysis toolsForecasting and analysis tools

Regional aspects

Regional aspects

Products and Service Delivery Products and Service Delivery

International aspectsInternational aspects

Capacity Building

Need for Strengthening National and Regional Operational Capacities

National aspects,National aspects, with consideration for evolving DRR with consideration for evolving DRR policies/legislation/coodination and planningpolicies/legislation/coodination and planning

Initiatives and pilot projects in RA IV

Central America

The Caribbean

Early Warning Systems with Multi-Hazard Approach Pilot Project – Central America

• Pilot Countries: – Costa Rica (World Bank Funded)

– El Salvador (NOAA – USAID funded)

– Mexico (Government and NOAA – USAID funded)

• National multi-agency cooperation (Met/Hydro/DRM)

• Multi-level (Regional, National, Local)• Focus: Flash Flood-Riverine Flood Warning Systems• Partners: WMO, NOAA-NWS, UNDP, World Bank

The Caribbean

Where ? Strengthened coordination and cooperation across British, French,

Dutch and Spanish Speaking countries and territories

Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermudas, the British Caribbean Territories, the Caribbean Netherlands, Cuba, Curacao,

Dominica, the Dominican Republic, the French West Indies, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint-Marteen, Saint Vincent

and the Grenadines, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.

Who? Key Stakeholders in Multi-Hazard EWS in the Caribbean

National: • National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) and Disaster Risk

Management (DRM) Agencies and other key ministries of the beneficiary countries.

• Other EWS stakeholders such as media, economic sectors (health, agriculture,) (TBD)

Regional:

• Regional centers and agencies of CARICOM: CDEMA, CMO and its CIMH;

• WMO RA IV and its DRR Task Team, WMO RA IV Hurricane Committee, the WMO RSMC – Miami Hurricane Center

• Regional agencies and platforms: ACS, OAS, the Eastern Caribbean Donor Group, Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)

• Other regional partners (TBD)

International and donors:

• UN and International Agencies: WMO, UNESCO-IOC, UN-ISDR, UNDP, IFRC, etc.

• Bi-lat donors and development banks: IADB, World Bank, USAID/OFDA, Canada (CIDA), Finland (MFA), Spain (ACE), Japan (JICA), UK (DFID), EU, Italy, France, etc.

What?

Topics for Strengthening Multi-Hazard EWS at National and Regional

• Policy, legal, legislative issues pertaining to DRR and role of NMHS

• Risk Assessment and Modeling, including data management and exchange issues

• Operational Cooperation of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services and Disaster Risk Management Stakeholders (DRM agencies and other ministries and technical agencies)

• Observing, Monitoring, Forecasting capacities• Coordination of Watch and Warning Systems in the

region

Roadmap for the project design to strengthen Caribbean Risk Assessment and MHEWS capacities

Consultations, Major Milestones and TimelineConsultants’ missions

in the region and assessment of all assessment and

projects

June – September 2010

MHEWS Training

Workshop –

Costa Rica

March 2010

Consultation

Cayman Is.

November 2010

Develop phase I project proposals, implementation

plan, resource mobilizations and identification of forums

for on-going regional dialogue with Members,

development partners and donors

2010 2011

MHEWS Technical

Cooperation Workshop

Barbados

November 22

Consultation

Jamaica

December 2010

MH Forecasting

meeting

Hurricane Committee -

Cayman Islands

7 March 2011

Phase I

Project

Launch

2012

http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/drr/events/MHEWSCostaRica/index_en.html

http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/drr/events/Barbados/index_en.html

Official Regional Meeting

to endorse Phase I project

proposal

Warning Communicati

on/CAP

PWS workshop -

Miami

March/April 2011

Type INMS

Type II NMS

DRM Agency

III

DRM Agency II

DRM Agency I

Type IIINo NMS

Relationship Type II:

NMS 1 Supports a DRM

agency in another islandRelationship Type II:

NMS 1 Supports a DRM

agency in another island

Relationship Type I: NMS1 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS1 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS2 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS2 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Regional agencies and centers such as RSMC-Miami Hurricane Center, CMO/CIMH, etc. supporting NMSs

Regional agencies and centers such as CDEMA and others supporting DRM agencies

Different relationships between Disaster Management Agencies and Meteorological

Services Mapped

Type IAntigua & B.BahamasBarbadosBelizeCayman CubaCuraçao Dominican Rep.Guadeloupe GuyanaHaitiJamaicaMartiniqueSt LuciaSurinameTrinidad & T.

NMS I

Type II NMS

DRM Agency

III

DRM Agency II

DRM Agency I

Type III No NMS

Relationship Type II:

NMS 1 Supports a DRM

agency in another islandRelationship Type II:

NMS 1 Supports a DRM

agency in another island

Relationship Type I: NMS1 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS1 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS2 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS2 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Regional agencies and centers such as RSMC-Miami Hurricane Center, CMO/CIMH, etc. supporting NMSs

Regional agencies and centers such as CDEMA and others supporting DRM agencies

Type IIBarbadosDominicaSt Vincent & G. Curaçao ArubaSt MarteenTrinidad & T.Grenada

Different relationships between Disaster Management Agencies and Meteorological

Services Mapped

Type IIIAntigua & B.AnguillaBVIMontserratSt Kitts & N.BahamasTurks and C. Curaçao Saba/St Eustatius Bonaire Guadeloupe St Martin/St Barth

Type INMS

Type II NMS

DRM Agency

III

DRM Agency II

DRM Agency I

Type IIINo NMS

Relationship Type II:

NMS 1 Supports a DRM

agency in another islandRelationship Type II:

NMS 1 Supports a DRM

agency in another island

Relationship Type I: NMS1 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS1 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS2 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Relationship Type I: NMS2 Directly supports their own DRM agency

Regional agencies and centers such as RSMC-Miami Hurricane Center, CMO/CIMH, etc. supporting NMSs

Regional agencies and centers such as CDEMA and others supporting DRM agencies

Different relationships between Disaster Management Agencies and Meteorological

Services Mapped

Commission for ClimatologyExpert Team CIARM

• to improve decision-making for planning, operations, risk management and for adaptation to both climate change and variability (covering time scales from seasonal to centennial)

• The activities undertaken under CIARM primarily focus on the development of tailored climate information, products and services for user application in adaptation and risk management

• These activities provide key contributions to the User Interface Platform (UIP) component of the Global Framework for Climate Services

• Co-chairs: Rodney Martinez (Ecuador) and Albert Martis (Curaçao).

Climate services &Capacity at National Level

• Human Resource capacity• Infrastructure Capacity• Procedural Capacity• Institutional Capacity

Guidelines for National Presentation

GFCS Questionnaire for the self assessment of the countries capacities to deliver and use climate services

Development of the Global Framework for Climate Services at the national level

http://www.wmo.int/pages/gfcs/office/Car_Reg_WS.php

Danki

Bedank

Gracias

Thank You