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World Resources Institute
Corporate Ecosystem Services Review Corporate Ecosystem Services Review
Case Study: Mondi
World Resources Institute
Case study: Case study: MondiMondi
World Resources Institute
Wetland/riparian rehabilitationWetland/riparian rehabilitation
Zohar wetland before
World Resources Institute
Zohar wetland 1 year after
Wetland/riparian rehabilitationWetland/riparian rehabilitation
World Resources Institute
Case study Mondi: Delineation and protection of riparian habitatsCase study Mondi: Delineation and protection of riparian habitats
World Resources Institute
Case study Mondi: Delineation and protection of riparian habitatsCase study Mondi: Delineation and protection of riparian habitats
World Resources Institute
1. Select the scope
Steps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services ReviewSteps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services Review
World Resources Institute
Step 1. Scope: South Africa Mondi plantationsStep 1. Scope: South Africa Mondi plantations
SiyaQhubeka
Tygerskloof
Shanduka
World Resources Institute
2. Identify priority ecosystem services
1. Select the scope
Steps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services ReviewSteps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services Review
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES DEPENDENCE AND IMPACT MATRIX
Dependence Dependence DependenceProvisioning
Crops ○ - Livestock ● - Capture fisheries Aquaculture Wild foods ○ + Timber and other wood fibers ● + Other fibers (e.g., cotton, hemp, silk) Biomass fuel ○ ● + Fresh water ● ● - Genetic resources ○ ○ ? Biochemicals, natural medicines, and' pharmaceuticals ○ +
RegulatingAir quality regulation ? ? Global climate regulation ○ ● + Regional/local climate regulation ○ ○ + Water regulation ● ● - Erosion regulation ○ ○ - Water purification and waste treatment ○ - Disease regulation Pest regulation Pollination Natural hazard regulation
CulturalRecreation and ecotourism ● + Ethical values ○ +
Ecosystem services ImpactImpact Impact
Customers Company operationsSuppliers
Key ● High + Positive impact ○ Medium - Negative impact Low ? Don't know
World Resources Institute
3. Analyze trends in priority services
2. Identify priority ecosystem services
1. Select the scope
Steps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services ReviewSteps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services Review
World Resources Institute
Reconciliation of water requirements and availability (million m3/a)
SiyaQhubeka Tygerskloof Shanduka Balance
Sub-area name yr. 2000 yr.
2025a yr.
2025b
Mkuze X X -15 -14 -14
Mfolozi X X -47 -46 -50
Mhlatuze X 2 -3 -69
Mkomazi X -68 -69 -70
Mgeni X -90 -263 -606
Umzimkulu X -34 -34 -35
Mvoti X -32 -36 -41
National Water Resource Strategy, First Edition, September 2004. Appendix D Page D11.1 (Mvoti to Umzimkulu WMA) and Appendix D Page D6.1 (Usutu to Mhlatuze WMA).
Step 3. Trends analysis: FreshwaterStep 3. Trends analysis: Freshwater
World Resources Institute
Step 3. Trends analysis: Experts consultedStep 3. Trends analysis: Experts consulted
Name Organization Subject Matter ExpertiseDr. RJ (Bob) Scholes CSIR - Pretoria MA, Natural Rscs & Environment
Dr. Brian van Wilgen CSIR - Stellenbosch Alien Invasive Plants
Dr. Russell Wise CSIR - Pretoria Payments for Ecosystem (Catchment) Services
Dr. Marius Claassen CSIR - Pretoria Water Resources Policy
Ralph E H Sims International Energy Agency (Renewable Energy Unit) Biomass and renewables
Dr. Timm Tennigkeit UNIQUE forestry consultants Biomass and bioenergy
Dr. Anna Spenceley Private Consultant Ecotourism
Prof. Roland Schulze UKZN Climate Change and Hydrology
Dr. Chris Dickens Institute of Natural Resources Catchment Management
Mark Gush CSIR & UKZN Water Modeling
Arthur Chapman CSIR - Stellenbosch Climate Change and Hydrology
Dr. Donovan Kotze UKZN Wetlands
Jeremy Goodall Plant Protection Research Institute Working for Water
Myles Mander Future Works! Cattle Grazing, PES
Monique Salomon Centre for Environment, Agriculture, and Development Cattle Grazing
Andrew Pott Clear Pure Water Water Trading
World Resources Institute
Step 3: Trends analysis: FreshwaterStep 3: Trends analysis: Freshwater
1. Condition and trends • 6 of 7 catchments over-allocated• All catchments projected deficit by 2025
2. Direct drivers • Over-consumption• Climate change lowering rainfall and
soil moisture • Water-dependent invasive species
spreading beyond plantation
4. Activities of others • Major users
– Irrigation: 62%– Urban: 27%
• Poor management on nearby farms (irrigation, crop-soil matching)
3. Company activities• Eucalypt and pine
increase water demands
• Wetland, riparian and grassland management increases water quality
5. Indirect drivers• Entitlements increasingly unclear• Population growth ~ 0.4% / yr • Economic growth ~ 5.0% / yr
World Resources Institute
4. Identify business risks and opportunities
3. Analyze trends in priority services
2. Identify priority ecosystem services
1. Select the scope
Steps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services ReviewSteps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services Review
World Resources Institute
Step 4. Risks and opportunitiesStep 4. Risks and opportunities
Priority ecosystem service
Potential risks Potential opportunities
Freshwater
Biomass fuel Global climate regulationRecreation & ecotourism
Livestock
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Step 4. Risks and opportunitiesStep 4. Risks and opportunitiesPriority
ecosystem servicePotential risks Potential opportunities
Freshwater
• Increased water scarcity due to:– Invasive species – Nearby farmers – Climate change
• Internal efficiency improvements
• (Co) financing improvements of nearby farmers
Biomass fuel • Use plantation residue in Mondi
generator• Sell plantation in biomass-to-
energy markets
Global climate regulation
• Emerging markets for carbon sequestration
Recreation and ecotourism
• Ecotourism market potential
Livestock• Grazing reducing productivity
• Perceived “under-utilization” of Mondi land by nearby farmers
World Resources Institute
5. Develop strategies
4. Identify business risks and opportunities
3. Analyze trends in priority services
2. Identify priority ecosystem services
1. Select the scope
Steps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services ReviewSteps in the Corporate Ecosystem Services Review
World Resources Institute
Step 5. Step 5. Invasive Species and Water Scarcity in South Africa Invasive Species and Water Scarcity in South Africa
World Resources Institute
Step 5. Step 5. Invasive Species: Biofuel potentialInvasive Species: Biofuel potential
After ClearingBefore Clearing
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Step 5. Step 5. Financing external water efficienciesFinancing external water efficiencies
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Step 5. Step 5. Ecotourism potentialEcotourism potential
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Step 5. Prioritizing opportunitiesStep 5. Prioritizing opportunities
Opportunity Possible ROI
Other benefits
Ease of imple-
mentation
Timing
1. Implement additional internal water efficiency improvements
H M H Year 1
2. Use invasive species for biomass fuel H M H Year 2
3. Acquire additional water entitlements by (co) financing water efficiency improvements of upstream landowners
M H L Year 2
4. Promote woodlots on marginal agricultural lands
M H M Year 2
5. Promote coppiced woodlots for biomass fuel
M H M Year 2
6. Partner with park to capture eco-tourism value
L H M Year 2
7. Engage policymakers to improve fresh water resource use policies
M H L Year 3
H High
M Medium
L Low
World Resources Institute
www.wri.org/ecosystems/esr