World War I

Drill 2/7

What is Nationalism?

Objective – SWBAT Identify the causes of political instability in Europe leading up to World War I

Drill 2/7

Nationalism A belief that one should be

loyal to their nation, not a King or Emperor

Nation – A population that shares a unique culture

Europe•Europe was enjoying a time of relative peace

•Nationalist movements in the 19th C had seen the states of Italy and Germany rise

•The Ottoman Empire was in decline leading to instability in the Balkan Region of Europe

Germany rises

Led by Otto von Bismarck

Germany would become an independent state in 1871

He would be the first Chancellor of the German Empire

Problems with France

Fearing French revenge from a previous conflict Bismarck tries to isolate France

He allies Germany with Austria-Hungary and Italy

• THE TRIPLE ALLIANCETHE TRIPLE ALLIANCE

He also signs a treaty with Russia

Treaties break down

Kaiser Wilhelm II takes control of Germany in 1888

He is determined to make Germany a military leader in Europe

The treaty with Russia lapses in 1890 Russia allies herself with

France Russia and A-H can now

openly compete for the Balkans

Europe Reacts

Great Britain is alarmed at German aggression

Allies herself with France and Russia THE TRIPLE ENTENTE

The Balkans

•Once a part of the now crumbling Ottoman Empire

•Russia and Austria compete for land

•Austria, the stronger and better positioned nation, takes control of the Northern states (Bosnia, Montenegro)

The Balkans

Nationalist feelings run VERY high in the region

Many do not like the fact that Austria controls many Northern states

The fragile alliances would be put to the test

Complete the Section 1 Assessment Questions 1-2

Summary

Your book ends the section with: “The machinery of war had been set in

motion.”

What does that mean?

Drill 2/8

Which three countries were part of the Triple Alliance?

Which Three were members of the Triple Entente?

What was the spark that sent the continent into war?

Drill 1/8

The Triple Alliance Austria-Hungary, Germany and Italy

The Triple Entente Great Britain, France and Russia

Objective

Students will identify the immediate effects the assassination of Franz Ferdinand had on Europe and the beginnings of WWI

The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

By the coward Gavrilo Princip

Franz Ferdinand

askfjb

Drill 2/11

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

Why did Italy break with the Triple Alliance and fight with the Allies?

The Schlieffen PlanThe German army would race west,

defeat France the return East to fight Russia

Italy was opposed to Germany’s invasion of Belgium and therefore broke the treaty

Objective

Students will be able to review the techniques and technology used during World War I

In the TrenchesIn the Trenches

•This is TRENCH WARFAREThis is TRENCH WARFARE

•Static lines of defense dug into the EarthStatic lines of defense dug into the Earth

Trench Warfare

Very old technique but most commonly associated with WWI

Scenes of trenches would become the most famous pictures of the war

Trench Warfare

Trenches were dug in a zig-zag manner

The front is called a parapet With a “fire-step”

to stand on The space between

trenches “no-man’s land”

Life in the trenches

56% of soldiers fighting in WWI received some form of injuryThe mortality rate was about 10%

• Less than 5% for WWII

Trench warfare meant that thousands of soldiers were killed for very modest land gains

Life in the Trenches

Hygiene was poor Disease and bacterial infection killed

many soldiers Diseases were given names like

“Trench Mouth” and “Trench Foot” There was little time to bury the dead

The Western Front

The most violent fighting of the War was along this The most violent fighting of the War was along this borderborder France, Belgium and GermanyFrance, Belgium and Germany

Opposing forces were deadlocked here for most of Opposing forces were deadlocked here for most of the war and casualties were highthe war and casualties were high

Classwork

Complete the Geography Activity on the battle of the Somme (s-aw-m)

HW, Due WEDNESDAYCH13.2 Questions 1-4

Summary

Was Trench Warfare an effective means of taking land and pressing into enemy territory?

Drill 2/13

Identify “The Western Front.”Where was it?What countries bordered it?Why is it important?

The Western Front

The most violent fighting of the War was along this The most violent fighting of the War was along this borderborder France, Belgium and GermanyFrance, Belgium and Germany

Opposing forces were deadlocked here for most of Opposing forces were deadlocked here for most of the war and casualties were highthe war and casualties were high

Objective

SWBAT – Identify and explain the impact of new technology in World War I

A 19th Century War in the 20th Century

One of the reasons WHY WWI was such a destructive conflict was the introduction of new tech to the battlefield

Tanks

First developed by the British Later the French,

Americans and Germans got involved

Could only move as fast as footspeed in most occasions

Tanks: British Mk.1

More designed as troop carriers than actual More designed as troop carriers than actual weapons at first weapons at first

More maneuverable tanks would make trench More maneuverable tanks would make trench warfare obsoletewarfare obsolete

Airplanes

Aviation was still very new Planes were light and would only seat

one, maybe two people The one person fighter planes were

the most common

Typical one-seated fighter. The Machine gun mounting would cause problems as it fires directly into the propeller causing instability and damage.

Poison Gas

Today poison gasses are not used in legitimate warfare

There were no such laws then Most are called “Blister Agents”

The Gas basically burns the skin and organs as it is inhaled.

Drill 2/14

Name three technologic advances during WWI

TanksAirplanesPoison GasSubmarines

Objective

Students will be able to identify major events of World War I and place them on a timeline

The World at War

Should the US get involved?Most Americans said NO!It wasn’t our warHad no real connection to the conflictIn actuality, among the people, there

was a lot of German sympathies • Many immigrants from central/ eastern

Europe

Two Incidents lead America to War

The Sinking of the Lusitania

The Zimmerman Telegraph

The Lusitania British luxury ocean liner

A civilian ship

The Lusitania Carrying weapons back to England

German Submarines (U-Boats) sank the Lusitania May 7, 1915

American Deaths

128 American civilians were killedOver 1,000 total deaths

President Woodrow Wilson condemned the attack

Germany agreed to limit their actions against neutral ships

The Zimmerman Telegraph

British intelligence intercepted a telegraph from German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman

The message was supposed to go to Germany’s ambassador in Mexico

The Zimmerman Telegraph

The telegraph gave instructions to the embassy to tell Mexican officials:Germany will help you “reconquer” the

land Mexico had lost to America

This was the final straw April 2, 1917 US declared war on

Germany and joined the allies

CW/ HW Using Ch 13.3

Create a timeline titled “Events of World War I” of the following events Archduke Franz Ferdinand’s

assassination Declarations of War Sinking of the Lusitania The Interception of the

Zimmerman Telegraph United States Entering the War Russia withdrawing Second Battle of Marne Armistice

Include DATES (Month/ Year at least)

Underneath your timeline identify the following terms:

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Total War

Armistice