WORLD WAR IIWORLD WAR II1939-19451939-1945

CAUSES & EFFECTSCAUSES & EFFECTS

CAUSES IN ASIACAUSES IN ASIA

Militaristic Japan was Militaristic Japan was overcrowded and needed raw overcrowded and needed raw materialsmaterials

Japan invaded Manchuria (NE Japan invaded Manchuria (NE China, industrial) in 1931; China, industrial) in 1931; Fighting through 1938Fighting through 1938

CAUSES IN EUROPECAUSES IN EUROPE

Great Depression- Hitler blames Great Depression- Hitler blames Jews for economic troublesJews for economic troubles

CAUSES IN EUROPECAUSES IN EUROPE

1933 Nazis control government 1933 Nazis control government and begin persecuting Jews; and begin persecuting Jews; “Final Solution”“Final Solution”- policy of mass - policy of mass extermination of Jews enacted extermination of Jews enacted by 1939by 1939

CAUSES IN EUROPECAUSES IN EUROPE

Rise of Fascism in Germany and ItalyRise of Fascism in Germany and Italy FascismFascism- emphasizes loyalty to the - emphasizes loyalty to the

state, obedience to a leader, promise to state, obedience to a leader, promise to revive economy, punish those who revive economy, punish those who brought hard times, restore nation’s brought hard times, restore nation’s pride; extreme nationalism, uniforms pride; extreme nationalism, uniforms commoncommon

Fascism is not a clearly defined theory or Fascism is not a clearly defined theory or programprogram

Mussolini in Italy; Hitler in Germany; Mussolini in Italy; Hitler in Germany; Franco in SpainFranco in Spain

CAUSES IN EUROPECAUSES IN EUROPE

Civil War in Spain- Hitler & Civil War in Spain- Hitler & Mussolini help Fascist leader Mussolini help Fascist leader Franco winFranco win

Hitler and Mussolini’s desire to Hitler and Mussolini’s desire to expand empires/conquer landexpand empires/conquer land

Mussolini invaded EthiopiaMussolini invaded Ethiopia

CAUSES IN EUROPECAUSES IN EUROPE

Germany, Italy, Japan became Germany, Italy, Japan became allies- allies- Axis PowersAxis Powers

Hitler invaded the Rhineland (on Hitler invaded the Rhineland (on French border), then French border), then Czechoslovakia; annexes Austria Czechoslovakia; annexes Austria (Anschluss)(Anschluss)

CAUSES IN EUROPECAUSES IN EUROPE

Munich conference failed to Munich conference failed to appease Hitlerappease Hitler

Hitler invaded Poland (1939)Hitler invaded Poland (1939) Cartoon- David Low, Evening Cartoon- David Low, Evening

Standard (10th October, 1938) Standard (10th October, 1938)

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)

Allies Allies (France, Great Britain, (France, Great Britain, Soviet Union, U.S.)Soviet Union, U.S.)

v.v.

Axis Powers Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, (Germany, Italy, Japan)Japan)

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)

1939 Hitler (Germany) and Stalin 1939 Hitler (Germany) and Stalin (Soviet Union) sign a (Soviet Union) sign a non-non-aggression pactaggression pact- agreement to - agreement to not fight each other (secretly not fight each other (secretly agree to divide Poland)agree to divide Poland)

1939 Germany invades Poland 1939 Germany invades Poland ((blitzkrieg)blitzkrieg); Britain and France ; Britain and France declare war on Germanydeclare war on Germany

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)

1940 France surrenders- Nazis 1940 France surrenders- Nazis occupy Franceoccupy France

Battle of Britain begins- Battle of Britain begins- Germany bombs Britain, fails to Germany bombs Britain, fails to defeat Britaindefeat Britain

1941 Germany invades Soviet 1941 Germany invades Soviet Union- Soviet Union joins AlliesUnion- Soviet Union joins Allies

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)

1941 1941 Japanese attack Pearl Japanese attack Pearl HarborHarbor, Hawaii- U.S. enters war, Hawaii- U.S. enters war

1942 Allies invaded North Africa1942 Allies invaded North Africa 1943 Germans surrendered at 1943 Germans surrendered at

Stalingrad (Soviet Union)Stalingrad (Soviet Union)

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)

June 1944 D-DayJune 1944 D-Day - Allies invade - Allies invade France and defeat GermansFrance and defeat Germans

Dec. 1944 Battle of the Bulge- Dec. 1944 Battle of the Bulge- Allies invade and occupy Allies invade and occupy GermanyGermany

Hitler died: Hitler died: http://www.time.com/time/magazine/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,902253,00.htmlarticle/0,9171,902253,00.html

May 1945 Germany surrenders- May 1945 Germany surrenders- war ends in Europewar ends in Europe

WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)WORLD WAR II (1939-1945)

Aug. 1945 U.S. drops atomic Aug. 1945 U.S. drops atomic bombs on Japan- Hiroshima and bombs on Japan- Hiroshima and NagasakiNagasaki

Sept. 1945 Japan surrenders- Sept. 1945 Japan surrenders- war ends in Asiawar ends in Asia

EFFECTSEFFECTS

HolocaustHolocaust- Six million Jews die in - Six million Jews die in death camps and Nazi massacresdeath camps and Nazi massacres

EFFECTSEFFECTS

Japanese Americans are imprisoned Japanese Americans are imprisoned in in internmentinternment camps 1941-1946 camps 1941-1946 (30,00+)(30,00+)

Atomic bombs in Japan kill 110,500Atomic bombs in Japan kill 110,500 60 million dead total from war; 50 60 million dead total from war; 50

million uprooted from their homesmillion uprooted from their homes Billions of dollars in property Billions of dollars in property

damagedamage

EFFECTSEFFECTS

Communist Parties grow in Communist Parties grow in France and ItalyFrance and Italy

Nuremberg TrialsNuremberg Trials- charge 22 - charge 22 Nazi leaders with war crimes; 12 Nazi leaders with war crimes; 12 sentenced to deathsentenced to death

U.S. occupies and U.S. occupies and demilitarizesdemilitarizes Japan; Japan adopts new Japan; Japan adopts new constitutionconstitution

EFFECTSEFFECTS

U.S. and the Soviet Union U.S. and the Soviet Union compete to influence and rebuild compete to influence and rebuild EuropeEurope

Cold WarCold War- period of conflict - period of conflict between U.S. and the Soviet between U.S. and the Soviet Union 1949-1991Union 1949-1991