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Kathleen M. RobinetteUS Air Force Research Laboratory

(With the help of all of the founding members)

Worldwide Engineering Anthropometry Resource (WEAR)

Tokyo, Japan Feb 2008

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Overview

• How is data used now and what are the issues?

• What do users want?

• What is WEAR and how will it help?

• Applying WEAR

• WEAR quality assurance

• Member benefits and how to join?

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The status quo• Correct information is difficult to find and use

• eg first page of raw individual data collected by traditional methods from the HSIIAC* website:

*Human Systems Integration Information Analysis Center

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Go to aggregate data• Simple to use but hard to find

• Wrong population is aggregated for the application

• Printed texts or CDs —summary statistics for 1-D data (mean, SD and %iles)

• Good for comparing populations

• Exactly the wrong thing to use for engineering!!

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Average

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2

2

Subject 2Subject 1

Subject 3

x y z

2 3 1

1 2 3

3 1 2

• Average is Different From Everyone! • Mythical Person from 1-D

Measurements

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3

3

2

1

Subject1

31 Subject 3

Average 2 2 2

Subject

2

Attempt at 3-D manfrom 1-D Measures

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Average person does not exist

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Sum of 5th %ile Parts = 136.89 cm5th %ile Height = 152.50 cm

Difference = 15.61 cm

Sum of 95th %ile Parts = 188.81 cm95th %ile Height = 173.06 cm

Difference = 15.75 cm

SAMPLE SIZE=3235

3-D Encourages Truth — BUT

% iles

(Robinette and McConville 1982)

1-D Percentiles are NOT additive!3-D Models from 1-D measures add undetected error!

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Problems with current anthropometric data• Anthropometry data, and in particular 3D image data

are inaccessible

– Not on-line

– User must find and learn to use specialized software

– Few standards and no quality control

• Data are stove-piped so relationships between data types are unavailable

– Data type pipes

– Study or equipment pipes

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What do users want?

Results of user questionnaire survey (Robinette)

Most needed analysis tools– Data searching tools (83.3%)– Measurement calculation or extraction tools (81%)

Users say:– Information needed is not available (56%)– Too hard to find (50%)– Not the correct population (47%)– No software available to do what is needed (42%)

But experts are users, too– Need access to right information– Reduce cost (time is money)– Increase chance of optimal solution

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Introducing WEARWorld

Engineering

Anthropometry

Resource

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What is WEAR?

• Non-profit organization

• Purpose: to promote actively dissemination and the development of knowledge in anthropometry, ergonomics and human factors to contribute to the improvement of health, the safety and of the wellbeing of the populations.

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Short History of WEARYEAR Activity

2000 Idea of WEAR proposed at IEA

2002 1st WEAR Working Group, Paris, Strategic Plan drafted

2003 IEA, Seoul Korea, 1st workshop on WEAR

2004 WEAR Working Group June 2004, Dayton USA. First symposium.CODATA, Nov, Berlin Germany, WEAR gains CODATA

2005 Working Group & Symposium, Pretoria South Africa & Buzios Brazil).

2006 Working Group & Symposium, Maastricht Netherlands with IEACODATA Conference, Beijing China

2007 Working Group & Symposium, Adelaide, Australia & Banff, Canada and IEA TC acceptance

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WEAR will provide

• World-wide access to world-wide data

• On-line

• Examples of applications

• 3D size, shape, fit and performance data

• Non-statistician friendly for simple solutions

• Speedy access for experts reduces cost and improves quality

• Training

• Publications

• Conferences & Seminars

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What’s in WEAR?• Database management and statistics

• Shape analysis and searching

• Directly linking databases and modelling

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3-D or Not 3-D?• Did you know?

– Some 3-D anthropometric surveys don't provide 3-D data!

– Some 3-D scanners don't provide 3-D data!

• Why?

– Privacy concerns

– Buyers didn’t have 3-D mindset

– Used what they knew• Example of 1-D measure• If there is only one number then it is 1-D

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1-D is BlindNo locationNo shape

Different locations over time

Preferred Waist 3rd Trimester

• 3-D provides a copy of the person

• Can measure later a new way that is consistent across surveys

• Can calculate new things like volume, surface area, curvature

Preferred Waist 1st Trimester

Preferred Waist 3rd Trimester

1st Trimester3rd Trimester

3-D adds new ability to combine surveys

Same woman- two scans

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WEAR databases

• Interactive examples demos

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Anthropometry:• 3D Anthropometric Data

Collection (Daanen)

• Database system (Mollard)

• Pilot Selection System (Meunier)

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• Quality Control (Kouchi et al)• Principal Component

Analysis (Shu et al)

• Body shape browser (Mochimaru)

• User Interface (Robinette)

• Semantic Web Tools (Ressler)

• Computer Manikins

WEAR Tools

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Applications

• Life-like mannikins (Veitch)

• Fit mapping for helmets (Robinette)

• World-wide apparel sizing (Lee)

• Bra sizing (Daanen)

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WEAR quality assurance

• For inclusion in WEAR databases must:

– Be of sufficient quality

– Have documentation about quality

– Comparable data

– Existing databases now:

• same measurement/different names

• different measures/same name

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WEAR data publishing benefits

• Free review

• Published to the world

• Future revenues

• Scientific achievement recognition

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Partnerships for WEAR• Fully functional WEAR database portal (beta version): IEA

conference, Beijing, 2009

• WEAR invites partners for feedback and funding to develop the resource (WEAR is not-for-profit)

• Partners can either be users or suppliers of anthropometric data

• Partners get:

– Opportunity to influence and develop WEAR tools & standards

– Refereed data publisher

– Early access to the databases and tools

• Benefit from other people’s donated investments, such as CAESAR, etc (millions of $$$ worth)

– Free access to fully developed site for a period after launch

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Completed Milestones• WEAR website (English version

• Strategic Plan

• Tool prototypes

• Database inventory

• Six educational symposiums

• CODATA task group approved

Future MeetingsJuly 2008: Short course- Paris, France (Regular members 50% off,

gold members free)

Feb 2009: Short course- San Antonio (Regular members 50% off, gold members free)

July 2009: Symposium Beijing, China

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MilestonesOct

06Dec

06Feb

07July

07Feb

08Aug

08Feb

09Aug

09Newsletter Multi-language

X X X X X X X

Semi-annual meeting/progress report

X X X X X X

WEAR V 0.0 XXML prototype XWEAR V 0.1 (with xml) XMultiple Node Set-up X XConversion of databases X XSystem Evaluation X X X X X X XQuality Control Process Evaluation

X X X X

WEAR V 1.0 Launch X

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How to Join WEARIndividual members who just want to receive the newsletter

can subscribe for free by registering with WEAR. Partner level members pay fees. There are four levels of partner membership

Regular individual member: with a fee of $1,000USD per year for two years if joining by 2007 or $2,500 one-time fee if joining in2008 or later.

Gold individual member: with a fee of $2,000 per year for two years if joining by 2007 or $4,400 one-time fee if joining in 2008 or later. This includes a single waiver of the WEAR use fee for two years after

development.

Regular corporate member:with a fee of $10,000 per year for two years if joining by 2007 or $25,000 one-time fee

if joining in 2008 or later. This provides for up to 5 individual memberships.

Corporate gold member: a fee of $20,000 per year for two years joining by 2007 or $45,000 one-time fee if joining in 2008 or later. This provides for up to 10 individual memberships with waiverof the use fee for two years after WEAR development.

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Summary• WEAR will bring Worldwide

accessibility, accuracy, and methods and software to use it

• Put the world of anthropometry in the hands of designers

Laboratoire AnthropologieAppliquée

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