Writing Abstracts

A complete but concise description of your workللبحث وموجزا كامال وصفا يقدم

It gives a brief overview of: introduction, methods & results and conclusions.

البح�������ث موضوع ع�������ن موجزة نظرة يقدموأه�����م والنتائ�����ج المتبع�����ة والمنهاجي�����ة

االستنتاجات. It highlights the main points covered in the work

البحث في النقاط أهم على يركز It is supposed to “sell“ your work

البحث لتسويق فرصة يوفر Convice the reader/reviewer that it is interesting.

وشيق مهم البحث بأن المحكم أو القارئ يقنع

TitleTitle AuthorsAuthors Objectives/Research Questions: the problem or Objectives/Research Questions: the problem or

purpose of the researchpurpose of the research Methods Methods Results/Intended Results – interesting results, the Results/Intended Results – interesting results, the

factsfacts Conclusions – what you think the results meanConclusions – what you think the results mean Implications Implications (What needs to be done? What does it

all mean?

1. What is the problem or question that my research addresses? التي المسألة ما البحث؟ مشكلة ما يناقشها؟

2. Why is it important/interesting/useful? أهمية ماالدراسة هذه

3. How did I carry out the investigation? What was my methodology? اتبعتها؟ التي المنهاجية هي ما

البحث؟ طرق

4. What did I find? What were my main findings? النتائج

5. What were my main conclusions? اهم هي ما االستنتاجات

6. What are the implications of my findingS? هي ماالبحث؟ مضامين

BE AUDIENCE ORIENTED… Make your abstract

1. Short (100-300 words only)

2. Attractive ( make it clear why your paper is

so important) أهمية ذات دراستك لماذا بيّن ؟

3. Interesting ( tell your audience what you

discovered) : أخبر شيق� بشكل الملخص قدِّماكتشفته الذي ما !القراء

Use the past tense الماضي to refer الزم�نto what was done and what was found at each stage of the research.

Use the present tense المضارع to الزمنcomment on the significance of your research/findings.

Use active verbs whenever possible, e.g. ‘the study tested’ instead of ‘it was tested by the study’.

In this paper we analyse two Australian television programs, Marking Time (2003) and Molly & Mobarak (2004), foregrounding the ways in which ethnic Hazara refugees from Afghanistan have been (re)presented. We argue that by minimising cultural and religious differences both Marking Time and Molly & Mobarak construct and represent Hazara Afghan refugees as like a “certain us”, that is, as members of Australian core culture who are predominately white, family oriented and inclusivist. However, their differences are not concealed entirely and in both programs the Hazara also appear as the “other”, that is, unlike us. We point out some problems associated with privileging similarity and the possible consequences of these representations within policy making and Australian society more generally.

Method

Interesting

Result

Implications