Slide 1
World War I
"Mercy will not be shown, prisoners will not be taken. Just as a
thousand years ago, the Huns under Attila won a reputation of might
that lives on in legends, so may the name of Germany in China, such
that no Chinese will even again dare so much as to look askance at
a German."
22
"Mercy will not be shown, prisoners will not be taken. Just as a
thousand years ago, the Huns under Attila won a reputation of might
that lives on in legends, so may the name of Germany in China, such
that no Chinese will even again dare so much as to look askance at
a German."
23
Pickelhaube
26
Schlieffen PlanGerman Plan:How to fight a war on two
frontsAssume the French will mobilize faster than the
RussiansAttack and quickly defeat FranceRush troops by rail to the
East to attack Russia
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Schlieffen PlanWhy doesnt it work?
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Schlieffen PlanWhy doesnt it work?Russia had begun to
Industrialize
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Allied (Entente) PowersFranceUKAustraliaCanadaNewfoundlandNew
ZealandSouth AfricaRussiaItalyLibya
United StatesSerbiaMontenegroRomaniaJapanBelgiumGreece
Portugal
Central PowersGermanyAustria-HungaryOttoman EmpireBulgaria
First Battle of the MarneThe Western FrontStalemateTried to
outflank each other moving northThe Race to the Sea
Battle of VerdunFebruary to December, 1916Almost 1,000,000
casualtiesOne of the longest and costliest battles in history
Battle of the SommeJuly to November, 1916More than 1,000,000
casualtiesOne of the longest and costliest battles in history
Austria-HungaryGermany promises to support invasion of
SerbiaConfusion over what that meansSerbia repels the attack
Austria-HungaryStretched too thinSues for peace October,
1918Divided into many smaller parts, including Austria, Hungary,
Czechoslovakia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and parts of other
nations (Serbia, Italy, Poland, Ukraine)
Ottoman EmpireInvades Persia
Ottoman EmpireBritish T.E. LawrenceLawrence of ArabiaRecruits
Arabs to fight
Ottoman EmpireEmpire collapses after their defeatBecomes
Republic of Turkey soon after
RussiaEastern FrontMore than 3,000,000 killed during WWIMore
than any other nationBeginning of 1918: Treaty of Brest-LitovskEnds
Russian involvement in the war
The United StatesForeign policy: IsolationismSold supplies to
both sides, mostly the British
The United StatesRMS LusitaniaNew York to LiverpoolTorpedoed and
sunk by a German U-boat in May, 19151,195/1959 passengers killed128
Americans
The United StatesThe United States demands an end to German
attacksGermany compliesWoodrow Wilson: America is too proud to
fight.
The United States1917: Zimmerman Telegram
"We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted
submarine warfare. We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the
United States of America neutral. In the event of this not
succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal or alliance on the following
basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial
support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to
reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. The
settlement in detail is left to you. You will inform the President
of the above most secretly as soon as the outbreak of war with the
United States of America is certain and add the suggestion that he
should, on his own initiative, invite Japan to immediate adherence
and at the same time mediate between Japan and ourselves. Please
call the President's attention to the fact that the ruthless
employment of our submarines now offers the prospect of compelling
England in a few months to make peace." Signed, ZIMMERMANN.
The United StatesDrafted 2.8 million menSummer of 1918: 10,000
fresh soldiers to France daily
ArmisticeArmistice: Formal agreement to stop fightingSigned Nov
11, 5:00 AMCeasefire at 11th hour of 11th day of 11th monthNov 11
is now Armistice Day, Remembrance Day, or Veterans Day
AftermathAllied Powers: 9,407,136 deadCentral Powers: 7,153,241
deadTotal: 16, 563,8681.75% of population
AftermathInfluenza Pandemic of 191850-100 million killed
worldwide
AftermathWoodrow Wilsons 14 pointsTreaty of Versailles
