Yatharth Kabir Panth Parichay

8/6/2019 Yatharth Kabir Panth Parichay

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;FkkFkZ dchj iaFk ifjPk;


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lryksd vkJe1 jksgrd >Ttj jksM+] djkSaFkk] ft- jksgrd gfj0 HkkjrA

2 lryksd vkJe] nkSyriqj jksM+] cjokyk] ft- fglkj gfj0 HkkjrA

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fo"k; lwph

1. d````I;k vo'; tkfu;s &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&12. lar /keZnkl th ds fo"k; esa&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&23. pkSngoha egan xn~nh dk ifjp;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&34. ifo=k dchj lkxj es v)Hkqr jgL;& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&55. udyh ukeksa ls eqfDr ugha&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&136. lruke ds izek.k ds fy, dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh ls lgkHkkj&&&&&&&147. keZnkl dks lruke dchj lkgsc us fn;k&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&148. lruke dk xjhcnkl th egkjkt dh ok.kh esa izek.k&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&149. Jh ukud lkgsc dh ok.kh esa lruke dk izek.k&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&1510.'kCn%^^larksa 'kCnS 'kCn c[kkuk^^&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&1611.lkj'kCn fcuk lruke Hkh O;FkZ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&1812.ukenso th dh ok.kh esa lruke dk izek.k&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&1813.udyh xq# dks R;kx nsuk iki ugha &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&1914.lruke dk fo'ks"k izek.k&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&1915.vokw vfoxr ls py vk,&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&2016.'kCn%^^,Slk jke dchj us tkuk^^&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&2617.^^egf"kZ ukL=ksnel th dh Hkfo"; ok.kh lR; fl) gqbZ**&&&&&&&&&&&29


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^^dÌ;k vo'; tkfu;s^^^^dÌ;k vo'; tkfu;s ^^^dÌ;k vo'; tkfu;s^^^^dÌ;k vo'; tkfu;s ^1. C;kfyl ih


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^^;FkkFkZ dchj iaFk ifjp;**^^lar keZnkl th ds oa'kksa ds fo"k; esa ^

iz'u % lar keZnkl th dh xn~nh nkek [ksM+k okys dgrs gSa fd bl xn~nh ls uke izkIr djus lseks{k laHko gS \

mkj % lar keZnkl th dk T;s"B iq=k Jh ukjk;.k nkl dky dk Hkstk gqvk nwr FkkA mlusckj&ckj le>kus ls Hkh ijes'oj dchj lkgsc th ls mins'k ugha fy;kA iq=k izse esa O;kdqy larkeZnkl th dks ijes'oj dchj lkgsc th us ukjk;.k nkl th dk okLrfod Lo:i n'kkZ;kA larkeZnkl th us dgk fd gs izHkq ! esjk oa'k rks dky dk oa'k gksxkA ;g dg dj lar keZnkl thcsgksa'kvpsr gks x,A dkQh nsj ckn gks'k esa vk,A fQj Hkh vfrfpafrr jgus yxsA ml fiz; HkDr dknq%[k fuokj.k djus ds fy, ijes'oj dchj lkgsc th us dgk fd keZnkl oa'k dh fpark er djA;g dky dk nwr gSA mldk oa'k iwjk u"V gks tk,xk rFkk rsjk fc;kyhl ihkbZAA93AAdky pisVk nsoS vkbZ] ee flj ugha nks"k dNq HkkbZAA94AAlIr] ,dkn'k] =k;ksnl va'kk] v# l=kg ;s pkjksa oa'kkAA95AAbudks dky Nysxk HkkbZ] feF;k opu gekjk u tkbZAA96AAtc-2 oa'k gkfu gksbZ tkbZ] 'kk[kk oa'k djS xq#okbZAA97AAnl gtkj 'kk[kk gksbZ gS] iq#"k va'k oks gh dgykgh gSAA98AA

oa'k Hksn ;gh gS lkjk] ew< tho ikoS ugha ikjkAA99AAHkVdr fQfj gSa nksjfg nkSjk] oa'k fcyk; x;s dsgh BkSjkAA100AAlc viuh cqf) dgS HkkbZ] va'k oa'k lc x, ulkbZAA101AA

mijksDr ok.kh es a dchj ijes'oj us vius futh lsod lar keZnkl lkgsc th ls dgk fdkeZnkl rsjs oa'k ls HkfDr u"V gks tk,xh og dFkk lqukrk gwA lkroha ih


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esjk opu [kkyh ugha tk,xk HkkbZA loZ va'k oa'k HkfDr ghu gks tk,axsA viuh-2 eu eq[kh lkkukfd;k djsaxsA

pkSngoha egar xn~nh dk ifjp;

iqLrd kuh keZnkl thou n'kZu ,oa oa'k ifjp; i"B 49 ij rsjgosa egar n;kuke ds ckn dchj

iaFk esa mFky&iqFky ephA dky dk p pyus yxkA D;ksafd bl ijEijk esa dksbZ iq=k ugha FkkA rc rdO;oLFkk cuk, j[kus ds fy, egar dk'khnkl th dks pknj fn;k x;kA dqN le; i'pkr~ dk'kh nkl usLo;a dks dchj iaFk dk vkpk;Z ?kksf"kr dj fn;k rFkk [kjlh;k esa vyx xn~nh dh LFkkiuk dj nhA ;gns[k rhuksa ekrk,sa jksus yxh fd dky dk p pyus yxkA ckn esa dchj iaFk ds fgr esa


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4

X;kjgosa Hksn ijekke dh ckuhA lk[k gekjh fu.kZ; BkuhAAlk[kh Hkko izse mitkoSA czKku dh jkg pykoSAAfruesa oa'k va'k vfkdkjkA fruesa lks 'kCn gks; fujkkjkAAlEor~ l=kklS ipgkj gksbZ] rkfnu izse izdVsa tx lksbZAAlk[kh gekjh ys tho le>koS] vla[; tUe BkSj ugha ikoSAA

ckjosa iaFk izxV S ckuh] 'kCn gekjs dh fu.kZ; BkuhAAvfLFkj ?kj dk eje u ikoSa] ;s ckjk iaFk gegh dks ;koSaAckjosa iaFk ge gh pfy vkoSa] lc iaFk esfV ,d gh iaFk pykosaAA

mijksDr ok.kh esa ^^ckjg iaFkksa** dk fooj.k fd;k gS rFkk fy[kk gS fd laor~ 1775 esa izHkq dk izseizdV gksxk rFkk gejh ckuh izdV gksosxhAlar xjhcnkl th egkjkt NqM+kuh] gfj;k.kk okys dk tUe1774 esa oSlk[k iw.kZeklh dks gqvk gS mudks izHkq dchj 1784 esa feys FksA ;gk ij blh dk o.kZu gS rFkklEor~ 1775 ds LFkku ij 1774 gksuk pkfg,] xyrh ls1775 fy[kk gS nwljk dkj.k ;g Hkh gks ldrk gSfd Hkkjrh; o"kZ pS=k ekl ls izkjEHk gksrk gS lUr xjhcnkl th dk tUe oSlk[k ekl esa gqvk tks pS=k dsckn izkjEHk gksrk gSA dbZ ckj nks pS=k ekl Hkh cuk, tkrs gS aA ml le; f'k{kk dk vfr vHkko FkkAizR;sd xko esa ,d gh rhfFk crkus okyk gksrk FkkA og Hkh vf'kf{kr gh gksrk FkkA vkl&ikl ds 'kgj ;k

xko ls frfFk fdlh vU; czk.k ls irk djds fQj xko esa loZ dks crkrk bl dkj.k ls Hkh laor~ 1775ds LFkku ij laor~ 1774 fy[kk x;k gks okLro esa ;g ladsr xjhcnkl th ds fo"k; esa gh gSA

HkkokFkZ ;g gS fd %& dchj ijekRek usxjhcnkl th dk Kku ;ksx [kksy dj muds }kjk viukrRoKku Lo;a gh izdV fd;kA tks lr~xzUFk lkgsc :i esa yhfi c) gSA dkj.k ;g Fkk fd dchj ok.khesa udyh dchj iafFk;ksa usfeykoV dj nh FkhA blfy, ijes'oj dchj th dh efgek dk Kku iquj~izdV djk;k fQj Hkh rRo Hksn lkj Kku xqIr gh j[kk tks vc izdV gks jgk gSA bl dkj.kxjhcnkl th dsiaFk esa rRoKku ugha gS ftl dkj.k ls os xjhnkl lkgsc dh ok.kh dk foijhr vFkZyxk dj tUe O;FkZ djrs jgsmUgsa vla[k tUe Hkh BkSj ugha gS vFkkZr~ os eks{k izkIr ugha dj ldrsdsoy ,d lUr 'khry nkl th okyh iz.kkyh esa eq> nkl rd ,d lUr gh ikj gksrk vk;k gS tks,d lUr lkjuke izkIr djds dsoy ,d dks vkxs crkdj xqIr j[kusdh dle fnykrk FkkA og Hkh

vkxs dsoy ,d f'k"; dks crkdj xqIr j[krk Fkk le; vkus ij ijes'oj dchj th ds ladsr ls ghvkxs f'k"; dks vkKk nsrk FkkA bl izdkj eq> nkl rd ;g lkjuke dM+h ls tqM+k gqvk igqpk gS vc;g loZ vfkdkjh J)kyq HkDrksa dks nsusdk vkns'k izHkq dchj th dk gS blfy, dgk gS ckjgoka iaFktks xjhcnkl th dk pysxk ;g iaFk gekjh lk[kh ysdj tho dksle>k,xsaA ijUrq okLrfod eU=k lsvifjfpr gksus ds dkj.k xjhcnkl iaFk ds lkkd vla[; tUe rd lryksd ugha tk ldrsAmijksDr ckjg iaFk gedks gh izek.k djds HkfDr djsxsa ijUrq LFkkbZ LFkku lryksd iz kIr ugha djldrsA ckjgosaiaFk xjhcnkl okys iaFk es a vkxspydj ge dchj th Lo;a gh vk,sxsa rFkk lcckjg iaFkksa dks feVk ,d gh iaFk pyk,sxsaA ml le; rd lkj'kCn Nqik dj j[kuk gSA ;gh izek.klUr xjhcnkl th egkjkt us viuh verok.kh ^^vlqj fudaUnu jeS.kh** esa fd;k gS fd ^^lrxq:fnYyh e.My vk;lh] lwrh kjrh lwe txk;lh** iqjkuk jksgrd ftyk orZeku esa lksuhir ftyk]

>Ttj ftyk] jksgrd ftyk fnYyh e.My dgykrk gSA tks igys vxzsatksa ds 'kklu dky esa dsUnzds vkkhu FkkA ckjg iaFkksa dk fooj.k dchj pfj=k cksk cksk lkxj i"B ua- 1870 ij Hkh gS ftlesackjgoka iaFk xjhcnkl th okyk iaFk Li"V fy[kk gSA

dchj lkgsc ds iaFk esa dky }kj izpfyr ckjg iaFkksa dk fooj.k dchj pfj=k cksk dchj lkxji"B ua- 1870 ls %& 1 ukjk;.k nkl th dk iaFk 2 ;kxkSnkl tkxw iaFk 3 lwjr xksiky iaFk 4ewy fujatu iaFk 5 Vdlkj iaFk 6 Hkxoku nkl cz iaFk 7 lR;ukeh iaFk 8 dekyh deky


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5

dk iaFk 9 jke dchj iaFk 10 izse kke ije kke dh ok.kh iaFk 11 thok iaFk 12 xjhcnkliaFkA

;fn dchj ije'soj th ,slk opu dgrs fd ^^tc rd keZnkl dk oa'k pysxk rc rd eSa iFohij ix ugha j[kqaxk vFkkZr~ iFoh ij izdV ugha gksxkA rks lu~ 1518 esalryksd izLFkku ds33 o"kZi'pkr~ lu~ 1551 esa lkr o"khZ; lar nknw lkgsc th dks ugha feyrs] 209 o"kZ i'pkr~ lu~1727 esa

nl o"khZ; lar xjhcnkl th dks xko NqM+kuh] ftyk >Ttjgfj;k.kk izns'k] Hkkjr esa ugha feyrsrFkk xjhcnkl th dks ukenku ugha nsrs vkSj vkxs ukenku djus dk vkns'k ugha nsrsA blds cknfQj292 o"kZ i'pkr~ lkr o"khZ; lar ?khlk nkl th dks xko [ks[kM+k] ftyk esjBmrj izns'k esa ughafeyrsA tks vkt Hkh ;knxkj lk{kh gSa rFkk mijksDr larksa }kjk fy[kh ver ok.kh lk{kh :i gyfQ;kC;ku,fQMsfoV gS fd ijes'oj dchj th dk'kh okystqykgk kk.kd us Lo;alk{kkr n'kZu fn, rFkkvius lryksd ds Hkh n'kZu djk djds viuh leFkZrk dk izek.k fn;kA

eq> nkljkeiky nkl dks ijes'oj dchj lkgsc th laor~ 2054 QkYxqu ekl 'kqDy i{k,deekpZ1997 dks fnu ds nl cts feys rFkk lkj'kCn dh okLrfodrk rFkk laxr dks nku djusdk lgh le; dk ladsr ns dj vUrZ;ku gks x, rFkk bldks vxys vkns'k rd jgL; ;qDr j[kusdk vkns'k fn;kA

^^ifo=k dchj lkxj esa v)Hkqr jgL;^^

^^vuqjkx lkxj** %& ;g v;k; dchj lkxj dk gh vax gSAorZeku dchj lkxj ds la'kksku drkZ Jh ;qxykuUn fcgkjh izdk'kd ,oa eqnzd&[ksejkt Jh d".k

nkl] Jh os adsVs'oj izSl eqacbZ }kjk vius izLrkouk es a fy[kk gS fd esjs ikl vuqjkx lkxj dh46fN;kfyl izfr;k gSaA ftUkesa gLr fyf[kr rFkk fizfUVM gSaA lHkh dh O;k[;k ,d nwljs ls fHkUu gSaAvc eSausJh ;qxykUkUn th us 'kq) djds lR; fooj.k fy[kk gSA

foospu%& Jh ;qxykuUn th us vuqjkx lkxj i"B110 ij fy[kk gS fd keZnkl lkgsc th uh:dk vorkj vFkkZr~ uh: okyh vkRek gh keZnkl :i esa tUeh Fkh rFkk uhek okyh vkRek gh vkeuh:i esa tUeh FkhA ok.kh cuk dj fy[kh gS] dchj opu %&pysgq ge rc lhl uokbZ] keZnkl vc rqe yx vkbZA keZnkl rqe uh: vorkjk] vkfefu uhek izXkV fcpkjkAA

rFkk ^^Kku lkxj** i"B ua- 72 ij keZnkl dks uh: vorkj ugha fy[kk gS rFkk uh: ds LFkkuij uwjh fy[kk gSA

fo'ks"k%& iqLrd ^^kuh keZnkl thou n'kZu ,oa oa'k ifjp;** nkek[ksM+k ls izdkf'kr i"B ua- 9 ijfy[kk gSA keZnkl th dk tUe laor~ 1452lu~ 1395 rFkk dchj lkxj ^^dchj pfj=k cksk**i"B&1790 ij dchj th dstUe ds fo"k; esa fy[kk gS fd laor~ 1455 lu~ 1398 T;s"B 'kqf) iwf.kZeklkseokj ds fnu lriq:"k dk rst dk'kh ds ygjrkjk rkykc ij mrjk vFkkZr~ dchj th ckyd :iesa izdV gq,A

i"B ua- 1791, 1792 dchj pfj=k cksk ij fy[kk gS fd uh: tqykgk rFkk mldh iRuh uhekpys vk jgs FksA mUgsa ,d ckyd ns[kk mls mBk fy;kA

i"B ua- 1794 ls1818 rd vknj.kh; xjhcnkl th egkjkt NqM+kuh&gfj;k.kk okys dh ok.kh ds}kjk efgek le>kbZ gSA lUr xjhcnkl th egkjkt dh ok.kh fy[kh gS ;g Hkh dchj lkxj esa iz{ksivFkkZr~ feykoV dk izR;{k izek.k gS

mijksDr fooj.k ls fl) gqvk fd %&1. lar keZnkl lkgsc dk tUe lu~ 1395 esa rFkk ijes'oj dchj th dk vorj.k lu~ 1398 esa

rFkk uh: o uhek dks feyu lu~ 1398 esa rks keZnkl th o ijes'oj dchj th rFkk uh: o uhek


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6

ledkyhu gq,A ;g ok.kh dh keZnkl th uh: okyh vkRek Fkh] xyr fl) gqbZA blls fl) gqvkfd dchj lkxj esa feykoV iz{ksi gS tks nkek[ksM+k okyks }kjk tku cw> dj fd;k x;kA lUrxjhcnkl th NqMkuh&gfj;k.kk okys dk tUe lu~ 1717lEor~ 1774 esa gqvkA tks dchj th dsvUr;kZu ds199 o"kZ ckn dh xjhcnkl th dh ok.kh Hkh dchj lkxj esadchj pfj=k cksk esa fy[khgSA tks izR;{k izek.k djrh gS fd dchj lkxj esa feykoV gSA

Lole osn cksk cksk lkxj i"B ua- 137 ij lk[kh fy[kh gS dh dk'kh esa Hk.Mkjs ds le;dchj th rks ?kj NksM+ dj pys x, rFkk fo".kq us Hk.Mkjk fd;k%&Hkhj HkbZ lkkqu dh Hkkjh] x`g rft lR; dchj flkkjhA vk;s fo".kq Hk;s Hk.Mkjh] lkkqu dks vknj dfj HkkjhAA

blls fl) gS fd dksbZ udyh dchj iaFkh feykoV drkZJh d".k dk Hkh iqtkjh gS rFkk lr~dchj th dh efgek ls vifjfpr gSA

fo'ks"k fooj.k%& dchj lkxj ^^dchj pfj=k cksk** i"B ua- 1862 ls 1865 rd fy[kk gS fddy;qx esa dchj lkgsc us pkj xq: fu;r fd;s gSaA1. keZnkl th ftl ds c;kfy'k oa'k gS rFkk ^^mkj** esa xq:okbZ lkSaih gSA2. nwljs prqHkqZt ^^nf{k.k** esa xq:okbZ djsxsaA3. rhljs cad th ^îwoZ** esa xq:okbZ djsxsaA4. pkSFks lgrh th ^îf'pe** esa xq:okbZ djsxsaA

ftl le; dchj lkxj fy[kk x;k lu~ 1505lEor~ 1562 esa ml le; rd dsoy ,d keZnklth gh izdV gq, FksA tc ;s pkjksa xq: izdV gks tk,sxsa rc iwjh iFoh ij dsoy dchj lkgsc th dkgh Kku pysxkA

;gh izek.k ^^vuqjkx lkxj** i"B ua- 104-105 ij gSA mijksDr fooj.k ls Li"V gqvk fd dy;qxesa keZnkl th ds vfrfjrhu xq: vkSj iFoh ij izdV gksxsa] muds }kjk Hkh tho m)kj gksxkA nkek[ksM+k okyksa }kjk cukbZ nUr dFkk xyr fl) gqbZ fd dy;qx esa dsoy keZnkl th ds oa'ktks }kjk ghtho m)kj lEHko gS vU; }kjk ughaA ;g mYys[k dchj lkxj esa dchj ok.kh i"B160 ij fy[kk gStks Li"V feykoV fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA

eq> nkl jkeiky nkl dks ,d450

o"kZ iqjkuk dchj lkxj izkIr gqvk gSA tks cgqr ghthj.k&lhj.k gSA mlds vkkkj ij dchj lkxj dk la'kksku fd;k tk,xkA ^ôrZeku dchj lkxj** dsla'kksku drkZ Jh ;qxykUkUn th us Kku izdk'k& cksk lkxj i"B ua- 37 ds uhps fVIi.kh dh gS fdbl Kku izdk'k dh dbZ yhih esjs ikl gSa ijUrq dksbZ Hkh ,d nwljs ls esy ugha [kkrhA ys[kdegkRekvksa dh dik ls i{kikr vkSj vfo|ko'k dchj iaFk dsxzUFkksa dh nqnZ'kk gqbZ gSA

fo'ks"k %& HkDr tu fopkj djsa fd dky us dSlk tky QSyk;k gSA vius nwrksa }kjk ijes'oj dslr~ xzUFkksa dks gh cnyok MkykA fQj Hkh lR; dks Nqik ugha ldsA

dchj %& pksj pqjkbZ rwEcM+h] xk nkl jkeiky rd Hksn Nqik jgsA vc mlh cUnh NksM+ dchjijes'oj th us og iw.kZ KkurRoKku eq> nkljkeiky nkl rsjgoka oa'k }kjk izdV djk;k gSA

dchj ok.kh i"B 134 %& ^ôa'k izdkj**


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7

izFke oa'k mkeA1A nwljk oa'k vgadkjhA2A rhljk oa'k izpaMA3A pkSFks oa'k chjgsA4A ikposa oa'kfunzkA5A NVs oa'k mnklA6A lkarosa oa'k KkuprqjkbZA7A vkBs }kn'k iUFk fojkskA8A ukSoa oa'k iaFkiwtkA9A nlos a oa'k izdk'kA10A X;kjgosa oa'k izdV ilkjkA11A ckjgosa oa'k izxV gks; mft;kjkA12Arsjgosa oa'k feVs ldy vfk;kjkA13A

HkkokFkZ %& mijksDr fooj.k es a izFke oa'k tks mke fy[kk gS og pwM+ke.kh lkgsc ds fo"k; esa gS]

nwljk oa'k vgadkjh fy[kk gS ^^;kxkSnkl** iaFk gS] rhljk oa'k izp.M fy[kk gS] ;g lwjr xksiky iaFkgS] pkSFkk oa'k chjgs fy[kk gS] ;g ^êwy fujatu iaFk** gSA ikapok oa'k ^îwtk Vdlkj iaFk** gSA NBkoa'k ^^mnkl** ;g ^^Hkxoku nkl iaFk** lkroka oa'k ^^Kku prqjkbZ** ;g lR;ukeh iaFk gSA vkBokoa'k^^}kn'k iaFk fojks)** ;g deky dk iaFk gSA ukSok oa'k ^îaFk iwtk** ;g jke dchj iaFk gSA n'kokoa'k izdk'k ;g izsekke ije kke dh ok.kh iaFk gSA X;kjgok oa'k ^îzdV ilkjk** ;g thok iaFk gSAckjgok oa'k ^^xjhcnkl iaFk** gSA rsjgok oa'k ;g ;FkkFkZ dchj iaFk gS tks eq> nkl lUr jkeikynkl }kjk fcpyh ih


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8

pkSFkk ewy fujTu ckuhA yksdosn dh fu.kZ; BkuhAAiape iaFk Vdlkj Hksn yS vkoSA uhj iou dks lfUk crkoSAAlks cz vfHkekuh tkuhA lks cgqr thoudhdjh gS gkuhAANBok iaFk cht dks ys[kkA yksd izyksd dgsa geesa ns[kkAAikap rRo dk eeZ


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dh iw.kZeklh dks gqvkA laor~ okyk o"kZ pS=k ls izkjEHk gksrk gS tks oSlk[k ekl ds lkFk okyk gSA dbZckj frFkh;ksa ds ?kVus ck,xsaA ijUrqokLrfod eU=k ds vifjfpr gksus ds dkj.k lkkd vla[; tUe lryksd ugha tk ldrsA mijksDrckjg iaFk gedks gh izek.k djds HkfDr djsxsa ijUrq LFkkbZ LFkku lryksd izkIr ugha dj ldrsAckjgosa iaFk xjhcnkl okys iaFk esa vkxspydj ge dchj th Lo;a gh vk,sxsa rFkk lc ckjg iaFkksadks feVk ,d gh iaFk pyk,sxsaA ml le; rd lkj'kCn rFkk lkjKku rRoKku Nqik dj j[kuk gSA;gh izek.k lUr xjhcnkl th egkjkt usviuh verok.kh ^^vlqj fudaUnu jeS.kh** esa fd;k gS fd^^lrxq: fnYyh e.My vk;lh] lwrh kjrh lwe txk;lh** iqjkuk jksgrd ftyk orZeku esa]lksuhir] >Ttj rFkk jksgrd tks igys ,d gh ftyk Fkk fnYyh e.My dgykrk gSA tks igysvxzsatks a ds 'kklu dky esa dsUnz ds vkkhu FkkA eq> nkl dk iSf=kd xko kukuk blh iqjkus jksgrdftys esa gSA lu~ 1951 esa esjk lar jkeiky dk tUe gqvk FkkA ckjg iaFkksa dk fooj.k dchj pfj=kcksk cksk lkxj i"B ua- 1870 ij Hkh gS ftlesa ckjgoka iaFk xjhcnkl fy[kk gSA

dchj lkgsc ds iaFk esa dky }kjk izpfyr ckjg iaFkksa dk fooj.k dchj pfj=k cksk dchjlkxj i"B ua- 1870 ls %& 1 ukjk;.k nkl th dk iaFk 2 ;kxkSnkl tkxw iaFk 3 lwjr xksikyiaFk 4 ewy fujatu iaFk 5 Vdlkj iaFk 6 Hkxoku nkl cz iaFk 7 lR;ukeh iaFk 8 dekyhdeky dk iaFk 9 jke dchj iaFk 10 izse kke ije kke dh ok.kh iaFk 11 thok iaFk 12xjhcnkl iaFkA

fo'ks"k %& ;gk ij izFke iaFk dk lapkyd ukjk;.k nkl fy[kk gS tcdh dchj ok.kh dchjlkxj i"B 136 ij izFke iaFk dk lapkyd pwjke.kh fy[kk gS] 'ks"k izdj.k Bhd gSA blesa Hkhnkek[ksM+k okys vuq;kb;ksa us pqM+ke.kh dksgVkus dk iz;Ru fd;k gSA mlds LFkku ij ukjk;.k nkl

fy[k fn;kA tcfd ukjk;.k nkl rks fcYdqy foifjr FkkA mldk rks fouk'k gks x;k FkkA blfy,izFke iaFk pqM+ke.kh th dk gh ekuuk pkfg,A nwljh ckr gS fd dchj ok.kh dchj lkxj i"B ua-136 ij fy[kh ok.kh esa pwM+ke.kh dks feyk dj gh ckjg iaFk curs gSaA

fopkj djsa%& vc ogh ,d iaFk eq> nkl jkeiky nkl }kjk ijes'oj dchj th dh vkKk o'kfDr ls pyk;k tk jgk gS tks lHkh iaFkksa dks ,d djsxkA

orZeku dchj lkxj dk la'kksku drkZ Hkh nkek [ksM+k okyksa dk vuq;k;h gSA dchj lkxj esadchj pfj=k cksk cksk lkxj esa ys[kd us fy[kk gS fd keZnkl th ds Ck;kyhl oa'k dk fu;e gSfd izR;sd oa'k iPphl o"kZ chl fnu rd xn~nh ij cSBk djs rFkk Lo%bPNk ls 'kjhj NksM+sA bl lsvfkd rFkk de le; dksbZ xn~nh ij u jgsA ;g Hkh fy[kk gS fd orZeku esa ;gh f;k py jgh gSA

^^keZnkl thou n'kZu ,oa oa'k ifjp;** iqLrd i"B ua- 32 ls49 rd fooj.k fn;k gS %&

igyk pqjke.kh th lEor~ 1570 ls1630 rd60 o"kZ dqnqjeky uked LFkku dh xn~nh ij jgsAnwljk lqn'kZu uke th lEor~ 1630 ls1690 rd60 o"kZ jruiqj uked LFkku dh xn~nh ij jgsArhljk dqyir uke th lEor~ 1690 ls1750 rd60 o"kZ dqnqjeky uked LFkku dh xn~nh ij

jgsApkSFkk izeksn xq: ckyk ihj th lEor~ 1750 ls1804 rd54 o"kZ ea


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NBoka veksy uke th lEor~ 1824 ls1846 rd22 o"kZ eaMyk uked LFkku dh xn~nh ij jgsAlkroka lwjr lusgh th lEor~ 1846 ls1871 rd25 Ok"kZ fla?kkM+h uked LFkku dh xn~nh ij

jgsAvkBoka1872 ls1890 rd18 o"kZ dokkZ uked LFkku dh xn~nh ij jgkAukSoka1890 ls1912 rd22 o"kZ dokkZuked LFkku dh xn~nh ij jgkA

nloka1912 ls1939 rd27 o"kZ dokkZ uked LFkku dh xn~nh ij jgkAX;kjgosa dks xn~nh gh ugha gqbZA D;ksafd nks o"kZ dh vk;q esa eR;q gks xbZAckjgoka mxz uke lkgc th lEor~ 1953 esa xn~nh ij cSBk rFkk lEor~ 1971 esaeR;q gqbZ] 18 o"kZ

rd dokkZLFkku dks R;kx dj nkek [ksM+k esa Lo;a xn~nh cuk dj jgk rFkk lEor~ 1939 ls1953rd14 o"kZrd nkek[ksM+k uked LFkku dh xn~nh ds iaFk oa'k fcuk iaFk jgkA

rsjgoka oa'k n;kuke lkgsc lEor~ 1971 ls1984 rd13 o"kZ nkek[ksM+k uked LFkku dh xn~nhij jgkA

mijksDr fooj.k ls fl) gS fd nkek[ksM+k okyksa dh eu?kM+Ur dgkuh gS fd oa'k xn~nh ls ghdYk;qx esa eqfDRk lEHko gS rFkk izR;sd xn~nh okyk egar25 o"kZ20 fnu rd xn~nh ij jgrk gSAfQj nwljs dks mkjkfkdkjh cuk dj 'kjhj R;kx tkrk gSA u vfkd le;] u de le; vfirq iwjs25 o"kZ20 fnu gh jgrk gS] ;g xyr fl) gqvkA D;ksafd mijksDr fooj.k esa fdlh Hkh xh okys us25 o"kZ20 fnu dk le; ugha j[kk dksbZ60 o"kZ dksbZ54, 22, 27 ;k iwjs25 ;k18 o"kZ le; xh ijjgs gSaA

'kadk%& vuqjkx lkxj i"B ua- 120 ls123 rd ckjg nwrksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA ftleas fy[kk gSfd vkBoka nwr tks iaFk pyk,xk og dqN dqjku rFkk dqN osn pqjk dj dqN dchj th dk dsoyfuxqZ.k Kku ysdj viuk Kku izpkj djsxk rFkk ,d rkjrE; iqLrd fy[ksxkA vki Hkh osn o dqjkuvkfn dk o.kZu djds iqLrd fy[k jgs gksA vkidk ekxZ dchj ekxZ gh gS D;k izek.k gS\

lekkku%& ;gk ij ckjg dky iaFkksa dk fooj.k gS tks nkek [ksM+k okyksa ds }kjk feykoV djdsfy[kk x;k gSA

1. D;ksafd dchj ckuh cksk lkxj i

"B ua- 134 ls138 rFkk dchj pfj=k cksk i

"B ua- 1870ij fy[ks ckjg iaFkksa ds fooj.k ls ugha feyrhA2. ;g fooj.k vkBosaiaFk ds izorZd dk gSA mlds ckn jke dchj iaFk] lrukeh iaFk vkfn loZ

ckjg iaFk py pqds gSaAvc bl nkl jkeiky nkl }kjk rsjgoka vFkkZr~ ,d okLrfod ekxZ pyk;k tk jgk gSA ftlls

loZiaFk feV dj ,d iaFk gh jg tk,xkA ftldk izek.k vki iwoZ fy[ks fooj.k esa i


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i"B205 ij fy[kk gS%&uke tkus lks oa'k rqEgkjk] fcuk uke cqM+k lalkjkA

i"B207 ij fy[kk gS%&lksbZ oa'k lr 'kCn lekuk] 'kCn fg gsr dFkk fut KkukA

i"B217 ij fy[kk gS%&

fcuk uke feVs ugha la'kk] uke tkus lks gekjs oa'kkA uke tkus lks oa'k dgkoS] uke fcuk eqfDr u ikoSAuke tkus lks oa'k gekjk] fcuk uke cqM+k lalkjkA

i"B244 ij fy[kk gS%&fcUn ds ckyd jgsa mj>kbZ] eku xqeku vkSj izHkqrkbZAlk[kh%&gejs ckyd uke ds] vkSj ldy lc >wBA lR; 'kCn dg tkugh] dky xg ugha [kwaBAAoa'k gekjk 'kCn fut tkuk] fcuk uke ufga oa'kfg ekukAAkeZnkl fueksZfg fg; xgsgwA oa'k dh fpUrk NkM+ rqe nsgwA

dchj lkxj ds v;k; vuqjkx lkxj i"B138 ls141 rd dk HkkokFkZ gS fd%& rsjs oa'k esa fcUnlUrku rks vfHkekuh gksxsa rFkk lkFk gh vgadkj o'k >xM+k djsxsa rFkk dgsxsafd ge rks keZnkl dsoa'k lUrku ls gSaA ge Js"B gSA dchj ijes'oj us dgk gS fd esjk okLrfod oa'k ogh gS tks esjs

fut 'kCn vFkkZr~ lkj'kCn ls ifjfpr gS tks lkj'kCn ls ifjfpr ugha gS og gekjk oa'k ugh ekuktk,xkA blfy, ckjgos a iaFk vFkkZr~ xjhcnkl th okys iaFk rd dky ds iaFk gh dgk x;k gSAblfy, keZnkl th ls dchj th us dgk gS fd vki vius oa'k dh fpUrk NksM+ dj fueks Zgh gkstkvksA

dchj lkgsc us dgk fd ;fn rsjs oa'k okys esjs opu vuqlkj pysxs a rks mUgs Hkh ikj dj nwaxkvU;Fkk ughaA

i"B ua- 139 ls %&opu xgs lks oa'k gekjk] fcuk opu uke ugha mrjs ikjkAkeZnkl rc cal rqEgkjk] opu cal jksds cVikjkAA'kCn dh pkl ukn dg gksbZ] fcUn rqEgkjk tk; fcxksbZA

fcUn rs gks; uk iaFk mtkxjA ijf[k ds ns[kgq keZfuukxjAApkjgq ;qx ns[kgq leoknk] iUFk mtkxj fdUgksa uknkAvkSj oal tks ukn lEgkjS] vki rjsa vkSj thogha rkjsAdgka ukn vkSj fcUn jS HkkbZA uke HkfDr fcuq yksd uk tkbZAA

mijksDr ok.kh dk HkkokFkZ gS fd ijes'oj dchj th us keZnkl th ls dgk tks esjh vkKk dkikyu djsxkA ogh gekjk oa'k vFkkZr~ vuq;kbZ gksxk vU;Fkk og ikj ugha gksxk rsjs fcUn okys vFkkZRk~'kjhj ls mRiUu lUrku egar ijEijk rks vfHkekuh gks tk,sxsaA os rkslhksujd ds Hkkxh gksxsaA dsoyukn f'k"; ijEijk ls gh rsjk iaFk py ldsxk ;fn okLrfod uke pyrk jgsxk rks vU;Fkk rsjs nksuksagh ukn f'k"; fcUn 'kjhj dh larku HkfDrghu gks tk,xsaA dsoy rsjk oa'k fQj Hkh pysxkA

keZnkl vki dh nksuksaijEijk ukn o fcUn ls vU; dksbZ esjs opu vFkkZRk~ ukn f'k"; ijEijk

ds vuq;k;h gksxsa muls esjk ;FkkFkZ dchj iaFk mtkxj izfl) gksxkA dchj lkgsc dg jgs gSa fdkeZnkl fdlh ;qx esa ns[k ys dsoy ukn opu vFkkZr~ f'k"; ijEijk ls gh tho dY;k.k gqvk gSrFkk fcUn 'kjhj dh lUrku vFkkZr~ egar ijEijk ls dksbZ lR; ekxZ ugha pyrk] os rks vfHkekuhgksrs gSaA

mijksDr fooj.k lsLi"V gqvk fd nkek[ksM+k okyh xn~nh okys egar th eu?kM+ar dgkuh cuk djJ)kyqvksa dks xqejkg dj jgs gS aA tks okLrfod lruketks nks ea=k dk gS ftlls ,d vks3e~~ rFkknwljk lkadsfrd rr~ eU=k gS ;g nkljkeiky nkl nku djrk gSA mldk izek.k vknj.kh; keZnkl


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lkgsc th dh ok.kh tks dchj lkxj rFkk dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh esa rFkk vknj.kh; xjhcnkl lkgsc thdh ok.kh esa rFkk vknj.kh; nknw lkgsc th dh ok.kh esa rFkk vknj.kh; ?khlk nkl lkgsc dh ok.kh esarFkk ijes'oj dchj lkgsc th dh ok.kh esa izek.k gSA ijarq orZeku ds loZ rFkk dfFkr dchj iaFkhrFkk mijksDr vU; larksa ds iaFkh lruke ls vijhfpr gSa RkFkk euekus uke tki nku dj jgs gSaA tksO;FkZ gSaA

iz'u % ,d HkDr dg jgk Fkk fd lkroha ih nkl ls uke izkIr djds


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tSls dy;qx dsizkjEHk esa izFke ih nkl ds vfrfjDr okLrfod HkfDr ekxZ ugha gSA loZ izHkqizseh J)kyqvksa ls izkFkZuk gS fd izHkq dk Hkstk gqvk nkl tku dj viuk dY;k.k djok,saA;g lalkj le>nk ukgha] dgUnk ';ke nksigjs uwaA xjhcnkl ;g oDr tkr gS] jksoksxs bl igjs uwaAA

lar jkeiky nkllryksd vkJe djkSaFkk]ftyk jksgrdgfj;k.kkA

udyh ukeksa ls eqfDr ugha,d lqf'kf{kr lH; O;f esjs ikl vk;kA og mPp vfkdkjh Hkh Fkk rFkk fdlh veqd iaFk o lar

ls uke Hkh ys j[kk Fkk o izpkj Hkh djrk Fkk og esjs lar jkeiky nkl ls kkfeZd ppkZ djusyxkA mlus crk;k fd ^^eSaus veqd lar ls uke ys j[kk gS] cgqr lkkuk djrk gwA mlus dgk eq>sikp ukeksas dk eU=k mins'k izkIr gS tks dky ls eq dj nsxkA^^ eS aus jkeiky nkl us iwNk

dkSu&2

ls uke gSaA og Hk cksyk ;g uke fdlh dks ugha crkus gksrsA ml le; esjs ikl cgqr lsgekjs dchj lkfgc ds ;FkkFkZ Kku izkIr Hk tu Hkh cSBs Fks tks igys ukuk iaFkksa ls uke mins'kh FksAijarq lPPkkbZ dk irk yxus ij ml iaFk dks R;kx dj bl nkl jkeiky nkl ls uke ysdj viusHkkX; dh ljkguk dj jgs Fks fd Bhd le; ij dky ds tky ls fudy vk,A iwjs ijekRek iw.kZcz dks ikus dk lgh ekxZ fey x;kA ugharks viuh xyr lkkuk o'k dky ds eq[k esa pys tkrsA

mUghaHkksa esa ls,d us dgk fd eSaHkh igys mlh iaFk ls uke mins'kh ukenkuh FkkA ;gh ikpuke eSaus Hkh ysj[ks Fks ijarq os ikpksa uke dky lkkuk ds gaS] lriq#"k izkfIr ds ugha gSaA os ikpksauke eSaus[Hk tks nwljsiaFk ls vk;k Fkk vc dchj lkfgc ds vuqlkj bl nkl jkeiky nkl lsuke ys j[kk gS dg jgk gS ml veqd lar&iaFk ds mins'kh lH; O;f dks] Hkh ys j[ks FksA os uke gSa&1. T;ksfr fuajtu2. vkSadkj3. jajdkj4. lksga5. lR;ukeA

rc eSausaml iq.;kRek dks le>k;k fd vki tjk fopkj djksA larer lrlax lkfgc dchj lspyk gSA lkfgc dchj Lo;a iw.kZ ijekRek gSaA mUgksaus gh bl dky yksd esa vkdj viuh tkudkjhvki gh nsuh iM+ hA D;ksafd dky us lkfgc dchj dk Kku xqIr dj j[kk gSA pkjksa osnksa] vBkjgiqjk.kksa] xhrk th o N% 'kkL=kksa esadsoy cz dky T;ksfr fuajtu dh mikluk dh tkudkjh gSAlriq#"k dh mikluk dk Kku ugha gSA

,d rqylh nkl th gkFk jl okysftudksml rqylh nkl ftlus jkek;.k dk fgUnh fu:i.kfd;k dk vorkj ekurs gSa us dchj lkxj] dchj ok.kh lk[kh o chtd i


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;gh ikp uke fudky fy,A okLro esa bu ikp ukeksa esa lruke dh txg ^'kf^ 'kCn gSA ijarqrqylh nkl gkFkjl okys us 'kf 'kCn dh txg lruke tksM+ dj ikp uke dk eU=k cukdjdky lkkuk gh lekt esa izos'k dj nhA vius }kjk jph ?kV jkek;.k izFke Hkkx i"B27 ij Lo;abUgha ikpksa ukeksadks dky ds uke dgk gS rFkk lR;uke rFkk vkfnuke lkjuke fcuk lR;yksdizkfIr ughagks ldrh] dgk gSA bUgha ikpksa ukeksa dks dchj lkfgc us Hkh dky lkkuk ds crk, gSaA

bUgha ikpksa ukeks a dksysdj cM+s&2 Hktu lewg bdf=kr gks x, tks eq ugha gks ldrs vkSj dchjlkgsc us dgk gS fd buls U;kjk uke lR;uke gS mldk tki iwjs vfkdkjh xq# ls ysdj iwjk thouxq# e;kZnk esa jgrs gq, lkj uke dh izkfIr iwjs xq# ls djuh pkfg,A

lruke ds izek.k ds fy, dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyhi```"B ua- 266-267 ls lgkHkkjv{kj vkfn txresa] tkdk lc foLrkjAlrxq# n;k lks ikb;s] lruke futlkjAA112AAlrxq#dh ijrhfr dfj] tks lruke lek;Agal tk; lryksd dks] ;edks vey feVk;AA117AA

og lruke&lkjuke mikld lryksd pyk tkrk gSA mldk iqutZUe ugha gksrkA ge lcus dchjlkfgc ds Kku dks iqu% i


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djds uke tki djusls ykHk gksxk vFkkZr~ fcuk xq# cuk, Lo;a lR;uke tki O;FkZ gSA tSls jftLVhij rglhynkj gLrk{kj djsxk rks dke cusxk] dksbZ Lo;a gh gLrk{kj dj ysxk rks O;FkZ gSA blh dkizek.k lkgsc dchj nsrs gSa &dchj] dgrk gw dgh tkr gw] dgw ctk dj


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ukud lkgsc mlh ^^&lksga^^ dsuke ds tki dks vtik tki dg jgs gSaA blh dk izek.k dchjlkgsc rFkk xjhcnkl th egkjkt o keZnkl th us fn;k gSA D;ksafd ;g loZ iq.; vkRek lkgsc dchjds f'k"; FksA

iatkch xq# xzUFk lkfgc ds i```"B ua- 1092-1093 ijjkx ek: egyk 1 & ikSM+h ua- 1

xqjefr vy[kq y[kkbZ,s re efr rjkfgAAukud lksga galk tiq tkigq f=kHko.k frlS lekfgAA

tks bu loZ larksa dh ok.kh xzUFkksa esa izek.k gS rFkk dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh esa lR;uke ^&lksga^ dstki dk izek.k gSA og Hkh iwjs lar ftldks uke nsus dk vfkdkj gks] ls gh ysuk pkfg,A

izek.k %& dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh i`"B ua- 220 ls lgkHkkjcgqr xq# lalkj jfgr] ?kj dksb u crkoSA

vkiu LokjFk ykfx] lhl ij Hkkj p


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'kCnb cz izdk'k esaV ds cSBs ewans }kjkA'kCnb fujxq.k 'kCnb ljxq.k 'kCnb osn iqdkjkAA

'kq) cz dk;k ds Hkhrj cSB djs LFkkukAKkuh ;ksxh iafMr vkS fl) 'kCn esa mj>kukAAikpb 'kCn ikp gSa eqnzk dk;k chp fBdkukA

tks ftglad vkjkku djrk lks frfg djr c[kkukAA'kCn fujatu pkapjh eqnzk gS uSuu ds ekghA

rkdks tkus xksj[k ;ksxh egk rst ri ekghAA'kCn vksadkj Hkwpjh eqnzk f=kdqVh gS LFkkukA

O;kl nso rkfg ifgpkuk pkan lw;Z frfg tkukAAlksga 'kCn vxkspjh eqnzk Hkaoj xqQk LFkkukA

'kqdnso equh rkfg ifgpkuk lqu vugn dks dkukAA'kCn jajdkj [kspjh eqnzk nlosa }kj fBdkukA

czk fo".kq egs'k vkfn yks jajdkj ifgpkukAA'kf 'kCn ;ku muequh eqnzk cls vkdk'k lusghA

f>yfey f>yfey tksr fn[kkos tkus tud fonsghAA

ikp 'kCn ikp gSa eqnzk lks fu'p; dj tkukAvkxs iq#"k iqjku fu%v{kj frudh [kcj u tkukAA

ukS ukFk pkSjklh flf) yks ikp 'kCn esa vVdsAeqnzk lkk jgs ?kV Hkhrj fQj vksaks eq[k yVdsAA

ikp 'kCn ikp gS eqnzk yksd }hi ;etkykAdgSa dchj v{kj ds vkxs fu%v{kj mft;kykAA

tSlk fd bl 'kCn ^^larks 'kCnbZ 'kCn c[kkuk^^ esa fy[kk gS fd lHkh lar tu 'kCn dh efgekxkrs gSaA egkjkt dchj lkfgc us crk;k gS fd 'kCn lriq#"k dk Hkh gS tks fd lriq#"k dk izrhd gSo fujatu dky dk izrhd Hkh 'kCn gh gSA tSls 'kCn T;ksfr fujatu ;g pkapjh eqnzk dks izkIrdjokrk gS] bldksxksj[k ;ksxh us cgqr vfkd ri djds izkIr fd;k tks fd vke lkkkj.k O;f

ds cl dh ckr ughagS vkSj fQj xksj[k ukFk dky rd gh lkkuk djdsfl) cu x,A eq ugha gksik,A tc dchj lkfgc uslkj uke fn;k rc dky ls NqVdkjk xksj[k ukFk th dk gqvkA blhfy,T;ksfr fujatu uke dk tki djus okys dky tky ls ugha cp ldrs vFkkZr~ lR;yksd ugha tkldrsA 'kCn vksadkj vks3e dk tki djus ls Hkwapjh eqnzk dh fLFkfr esa lkkd vk tkrk gSA tks fdosn O;kl us lkkuk dh vkSj dky tky esa gh jgkA lksga uke ds tki ls vxkspjh eqnzk dh fLFkfr gkstkrh gS vkSj dky ds yksd esa cuh Hkaoj xqQk esa igqap tkrs gSaA ftldh lkkuk lq[knso _f"k us dhvkSj dsoy LoxZrd igqpkA 'kCn jajdkj [kSpjh eqnzk nles a }kj lq"e.kk rd igq ap tkrs gaSA czkfo".kq egs'k rhuksaus jjadkj dks gh lR; eku dj dky ds tky esa my>s jgsA 'kf Jh;e~ 'kCn ;smueuh eqnzk dks izkIr djok nsrk gS ftldks jktk tud us izkIr fd;k ijarq eqf ugha gqbZA dbZlarksa us ikap ukeksa esa 'kf dh txg lR;uke tksM+ fn;k gS tks fd lR;uke Hkh dksbZ tki ugha gSA

;s rks lPps uke dh rjQ bZ'kkjk gS tSls lR;yksd dks lPp [k.M Hkh dgrs gSa ,sls gh lR;uke olPpk uke gSA lR;uke tki djus dk ugha gSA vdky ewjr] 'kCn Lo:ih jke] lriq#"k ;s ukeeqf izkIr djus ds ugha gSa D;ksafd ;s rks iw.kZ cz ijekRek ds i;kZ;okph 'kCn gSa tSls vdky ewjrog ijekRek ftldk dky u gks vfouk'khA lriq#"k og lPpk ijekRek ftldk uk'k u gksvfouk'khA 'kCn Lo:ih jke og ijekRek ftldk vlyh :i 'kCn gS vkSj 'kCn [k.M ugha gksrk ouk'k esa ugha vkrk vfouk'khA ml ijekRek dks tksvfouk'kh gS ftldks 'kCn Lo:ih jke] vdkyewjr o lriq#"k vkfn ukeksa ls tkuk tkrk gS] dks rks ikuk gSA ;g rks bl izdkj gS tSls ty ds


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rhu i;kZ;okph uke tSls & ty&ikuh&uhjA ,sls dgrs jgusls ty izkIr ugha gks ldrk mlds fy,gSaM iEi yxkuk iM+rk gS rc ikuh izkIr gksrk gSA

AA lkj 'kCn fcuk lruke Hkh O;FkZAAmlds fy, lR;uke lPpk uke nsus okyk xq# feys vkSj Lokal }kjk vtik&tki gksA Lokal

mLokal :ih cksdh yxs vkSj fQj mlesa lkj uke :ih uydk yxk;k tk, rks ikuh izkIr gks vFkkZr~og vdky ewfrZ lriq#"k izkIr gksoSA dbZ Hkksa us crk;k fd xjhcnkl th egkjkt ds vuq;kbZ larHkh dsoy vks3e&lksga ;k dsoy lksga ;k vks3e Hkkxons oklqnsok; ue% vkfn&vkfn uke nsrs gSatks fdeqf ds ugha gSaA D;ksafd xjhcnkl th egkjkt th us dgk gS fd %&&lksga v{kj [k.M gS HkkbZ] rkras fu%{kj jgks ykS ykbZA

lksga esa Fks kzq izgyknk] vks3elksga okn fooknkAAvFkkZr~ lksga eU=k dk tki djus okys izgykn Hkh eq ugha gq,A tSlk fd 'kCn ^dksbZ gS js ijys

ikj dk] Hksn dgS >udkj dk^ esa fy[kk gS fd okfjgh mjyh dky yksd esa gh jgsA cUnh NksM+xjhcnkl th egkjkt viuh ok.kh esa fy[krs gSa fd %xjhc] lksga ij vkSj gS] lr lqdr ,d ukeA lc galksa dk cal gS] ugha clrh ugha BkeAAxjhc] lrxq# lksga uke ns] xq> chj> foLrkjA fcu lksga lh>s ugha] ewy eU=k futlkjAA

xjhc] ukek Nhik vks3erkjh] ihNs lksga Hksn fopkjhA lkj 'kCn ik;k tn~ yksbZ] vkokxou cgqj u gksbZAAxjhc] lksga 'kCn ge tx esa yk,] lkj 'kCn ge xqIr fNik,AA

egkjkt xjhcnkl th dgrs gSafd ukenso lar vks3e tki djrs Fks bldsckn dchj lkfgc dhdI;k ls lksga dk Kku gqvk fQj Hkh eqf ugha gksuh FkhA tc lkj uke dchj lkfgc us fn;k rcmldh eqf gqbZA fQj ukenso th us [kq'kh esa ;g 'kCn xk;k &&

AA ukenso th dh ok.kh esa lruke dk izek.kAA

,th&,th lkkks] lkj 'kCn eksgs ik;kAdyg dYiuk eu dh esVh] Hk; vkSj deZ u'kk;kAAVsdAA

:i u js[k dNq okds] lksga ;ku yxk;kA

vtj vej vfouk'kh ns[ks] flakq ljksoj Ugk;kAA1AA'kCn gh 'kCn Hk;k mft;kjk] lrxq# Hksn crk;kA

vius dks vkis esa ik;k] u dgha x;k u vk;kAA2AAT;ksa dkeuh daB dk ghjk] vkHkw"k.k foljk;kA

lax dh lgsyh Hksn crk;k] tho dk Hkje u'kk;kAA3AAtSls e`x ukHkh dLrwjh] cu&cu Mksyr kk;kA

uklk Lokal HkbZ tc vkxs] iyV fujarj vk;kAA4AAdgk dgwa ok lq[k dh efgek] xwaxs dks xqM+ [kk;kA

^ukenso^ dgS xq# dik ls] T;ksa dk R;ksa n'kkZ;kAA5AAdchj] lksga lksga ti eqos o`Fkk tUe xoka;kA

lkj 'kCn eqf dk nkrk] tkdk Hksn ugha ik;kAA

dbZHkksa us crk;k fd gekjs xq#nso th dsoy jkkk Lokeh uke nsrs gSa tcfd ;g uke dchjlkfgc us dgha Hkh vius 'kkL=k esao.kZu ughadj j[kkA u gh fdlh vU; 'kkL=k osn&xhrk th vkfnesa izek.k gSA blfy, 'kkL=k ls foijhr lkkuk gksus ls ujd izkfIr gSA ok.kh gS %&&dchj] nknw kkjk vxe dh] lrxq# nbZ crk;AmYVrkgh lqej.k djS] Lokeh lax fey tk;AA

fVIi.kh %&& dgrs gSa fd dchj lkfgc us nknw lkfgc dks dgk fd kkjk 'kCn dk mYVk jkkkcukvksvkSj Lokeh ds lkFk feyk yks ;g jkkk Lokeh eU=k gks x;kA izFke rks ;g ok.kh nknw lkfgc


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dh gS u fd dchj lkfgc dhA vkSj bl lk[kh dk vFkZ curk gS fd nknw lkfgc dgrs gSa fd esjslrxq# dchj lkfgc us eq>s rhu yksd ls vkxsvxe dh kkjk fofk crkbZ fd rhu yksd dhlkkuk dks NksM+ dj mYV dj tks lR;uke o lkjuke fn;k gS og vkidkslriq#"k ls feyk nsxkAblhfy, Hktuksa euq"; tUe dk feyuk vfr nqyZHk gSA bldks vutku lkkukvksa esa ugha [kksukpkfg,A iwjs xq# dh ryk'k djsa tks fd vkt ds fnu esjsiwT; xq#nso Lokeh jkensokuUn th egkjkt

dh dI;k ls ;g nksukas eU=k miyCk gSa ftudh fofk iwoZd xq# e;kZnk esa jg dj lkkuk tki djusls cM+s lgte; lriq#"k izkfIr gks tkrh gSA

AA udyh xq# dks R;kx nsuk iki ughaAA

;g lkjh lPpkbZ le> dj og iq.; vkRek dkQh izHkkfor gqvk rFkk dgk fd vkids }kjk crk;kx;k Kku lgh gSvkSj gekjh lkkuk Bhd ugha gSA og yxkrkj rhu ckj lrlax lquus vk;k rFkkdgk fd fny rks dgrk gS fd eSa Hkh uke ys ywa ysfdu esjs lkeus ,d nhokj [kM+h gSA

1 ,d rks dgrs gSa xq# ugha cnyuk pkfg,] iki gksrk gSA2 nwljs eSaus yxHkx400-500 pkj lkS&ikap lkS Hkksa dks blh iaFk ds lar ls mins'k fnyok

j[kk gSa os eq>s viuk ljnkj rFkk iw.kZ Kku ;q le>rs gaSA vc eq>s 'keZ yxrh gS fd os D;k

dgsaxsa\ vFkkZr~ eq>s fkDdkjasxsAeSaus lar jkeiky nkl us ml Hk vkRek dks crk;k %&& dchj lkfgc o loZ lar ;gh dgrs gSa

fd >wBs xq# dksrqjar R;kx nsAizek.k ds fy, dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh i"B ua- 263 lslgkHkkj &&

>wBs xq# ds i{k dks] rtr u dhtS ckjAjkg u ikoS 'kCn dk] HkVdS }kjfga }kjAA

tSls ,d oS| MkWDVj ls bykt ugha gksrks nwljk oS| MkWDVj nkl ls izkIr djds dY;k.k djok,saA

AA lruke dk fo'ks"k izek.kAA

ml Hkxoku iw.kZcz dks ikus dk eU=k lR;uke Loklksa }kjk fd;k tkus okyk vtik tki ofQj lkjuke o lkj'kCn dh izkfIr iw.kZcz dh lPph uke lkkuk o mldk ifj.kke le>ksA ns[ksa &dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh i"B ua- 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57 A buesa Li"V fy[kk gS fd dchj lkgsc uskeZnkl th dks lR;uke vks3e&lksga fn;k gSA dgk & ^^&lksga Hktks uj yksbZ^^ fQj dgk gS &

^^lksga 'kCn vtik tki] lkgsc dchj lksvkiS vki^^ Adchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh ls lgkHkkj

izek.k ds fy, lrxq# dh ok.kh i```"B ua- 51fprxq.k fpr fcykl nkl lks varj ukghaA

vkfn var esa e; xkslkbZ vxg xgu esa ukghaAxguhxfg, lks dSlk] lksga 'kCnleku vkfncz

tSlsdk rSlkAA


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dgsa dchj ge [ksySa lgt lqHkkok]vdg vMksy vcksy lksga lferkArkeks vku clk ,djferkAA

ok jerk dks y[ks tks dksbZaA rk dks vkokxeu u gksbZAAa&lksga] lksga lksbZ &lksga Hktks uj yksbZAA

dhyd lksga okykA a&lksga cksys fjlkykAAfdyd] der] daeksn] dador] ;s pkjkas xq# ihjAA

keZnkl dks lr 'kCn lquk;ks] lrxq# lR; dchjAAcktk ukn Hk;k ij rhrA lrxq# vk;s HkkSty thrAA

cktckt lkgc dk jkt ekjk dwVk nxkcktAAgkftjdks gtwj xkfQydks nwj] fganwdk xq# eqlyekudk ihjAA

^lkr }hiukS[kaM es a ] lksga lR;dchj^^AAi`"B ua- 55

iy tc iho ls ykxkA kks[kk rc fnyksa dk HkkxkAApsrkouh fpr foyklA tcyx jgs fiatj 'oklAA

lksga'kCn vtiktki lkgc dchjlks vkifga vkiAA

tkx`r :ih jgr gS] lrer xfgj xaHkhjAvtjuke fculs ugha ] lksga lR; dchjAA

vkjrh pkSadkizFkefga eafnj pkSd iqjk;sA mke vklu 'osr fcNk;sAAkU; lar ftu vkjfr lktkA nq[k nkfjnz okds ?kjls HkkxkAAdgsa dchj lquks keZnklkA vksga&lksga 'kCn izxklkAA

vkjrh pkSdsa izFke eafnj pkSa iqjk;s &&& esa fy[kk gS ^^dgS dchj lquksa keZnklkA lksga 'kCnizxklkAA^^ ;g lruke &lksga gSA

'kCnvokq vfoxr ls py vk;k]

dksbZ esjk Hksn eeZ ugha ik;kAAVsdAAuk esjk tUe u xHkZ clsjk] ckyd S fn[kyk;kAdk'kh uxj ty dey ij Msjk] rgk tqykgs us ik;kAAekrk&firk esjs dNq ugha] uk esjs ?kj nklhAtqygk dks lqr vku dgk;k] txr djs esjh gS gkalhAAikap rRo dk kM+ ugha esjk] tkuwa Kku vikjkAlR; Lo:ih uke lkfgc dk] lks gS uke gekjkAAvkj nhi lryksd xxu xqQk esa] rgka fut oLrq lkjkAT;ksfr Lo:ih vy[k fujatu cz Hkh] kjrk ;ku gekjkAAgkM pke yksgw ugha eksjs] tkus lR;uke miklhArkju rju vHkS in nkrk] eSa gwa dchj vfouklhAA

'kCngksr vuan vuan Hktuessa] cj"kr 'kCn vehdh cknj] Hkhatr gSa dksbZ larAAvxzckl tg rodh ufn;ka] ekuks vBkjk xaxA

dj vLuku exu S cSBs] p


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dgsa dchj lquks HkkbZ lkkw] tiksvks3e&lksgaAAlkgsc dchj us dgk gS fd 'kCn ge vfoxr ls py vk, &&&&& esa ^^u esjs gkM pke u yksgq]

tkuslruke miklhA rkju rju vHk; in nkrk] dgSa dchj vfouk'kh^^ bldk vFkZ gS fd dchjlkgsc dgrs gSa fd lruke dk tki rkju&rju ikj djus okyk gSA fQj izekf.kr fd;k gS fdLokalk lkj jps eksjs lkgsc] tgka u ek;k eksgaA dg dchj lquksa HkbZ lkkks] tiks lksga Lokalksa ds

}kjk lR;uke &lksga dk tki djksA blls dky }kjk yxk, fodkj ek;k eksg vkfn Hkh lekIr gksdj lkj uke izkfIr ds ;ksX; gks tkvksxsA ;fn lkj'kCn ugha iz kIr gqvk rks Hkh eqf 'ks"k jg tkrh gSAmijks lR;uke Hkh iw.kZ xq# ls izkIr djds tki djus ls ykHk gksrk gS] vU;Fkk dksbZ ykHk ughaAtSls dksbZ vius vki ukSdjh yxus okyk izek.k&i=k Appointment letter rS;kj djds vki gh gLrk{kjdj ysxkA mls dksbZ ykHk ughaA Bhd blh izdkj Hkf ekxZ ij fofkor~ pyuk gS] rHkh lQyrkfeysxhA

dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh i```"B ua- 425, 426, 427

'kCnrhu yksd te tky ilkjkA use keZ "kVdeZ vpkjkAAvkpkjs lc nquh HkqykuhA lkj 'kCn dksm fojys tkuhAA1AAlkiq#"kdks tkuS dksbZA rhu yksd tkrs iqfu gksbZAAdje Hkje rft 'kCn lekosA bfLFkj Kku vejin ikosAA2AAlR;'kCn dks djs fopkjkA lks NwVs tetky vikjkAAdgS dchj ftu rk fopkjkA lksga 'kCn gS vxe vikjkAA3AAuke gekjk vkfndk] lqfu er tkgq lj[kAtks pkgs fut eqfdks] yhtks 'kCnfga ij[kAA4AA

mijksDr 'kCn esadgk gS rhu yksd ;e tky ilkjk &&&A dksbZ 'kCn lkj fu%v{kj lksbZ esalR;uke dk vH;kl Hkyh izdkj gks tkus ij iwjk xq# vkidks lkj 'kCn nsosxkA bl lkj 'kCn dksizkIr djus ;ksX; cgqr de Hktu gksrsgSaA izek.k gSfd lkgsc dchj ds pkSlB yk[k f'k";ks a esa lsdsoy keZnkl lkgsc gh lkj'kCn ds vfkdkjh gq, Fks vU; ughaA ftl le; lkgsc dchj us keZnkl

th dks lkj'kCn izkIr djk;k ml le; dgk Fkk ^^keZnkl rksgs yk[k nqgkbZ] lkj 'kCn dgha ckgj utkbZ^^A lkj 'kCn iwjk iw.kZ xq# nsosxkA

'kCnuke vey esa jgs erokykA izse vehdk ihos I;kykAA

fQj uke vey esa jgS erokyk &&&&& bles a dgk gS fd iw.kZ xq# dfM+gkj tks tho dks dkyds yksd ls fudky dj lryksd lR;uke o lkjuke&lkj'kCn ds vkkkj ys tkrk gS og dfM+gkjdkM+us@fudkyus okyk dgykrk gSA ;fn lR;uke &lksga ugha nsrk rFkk fQj lkjuke ugha nsrkog dky dk Lo:i xq# dfM+gkj gS vFkkZr~ dky lkkuk djok dj ujd fHktok nsxk] og dky dk,StasV gSA uke nsus dk vfkdkjh ogh gS ftldks xq# th us vkns'k ns j[kk gS rFkk lR;uke olkjuke lkkuk crkrk gSA

'kCnlrxq# lks lruke lqukosA vkSj xq# dksb dke u vkosAArhjFk lksbZ tks eksNS ikikA fe=k lksbZ tks gjS larkikAA1AAtksxh lks tks dk;k lksksA cqf) lksbZ tks ukfg fojksksAAif.Mr lksbZ tks vkxe tkuSA Hk lksbZ tks Hk; ufga vkuSAA2AAnkrS tks vkSxqu ijgjbZA Kkuh lksb thork ejbZAAeqk lksbZ lruke vjkksA Jksrk lksbZ tks lqjfrfga lkkSAA3AA


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lsod lksbZ xgS fo'oklkA fuflfnu jk[kS laru vklkAAlrxq# dk yksiS ufg ckpkA dgS dchj lks lsod lkapkAA4AA

^^lrxq# lks lruke lqukoS^^ blesa dgk gSfd ogh lrxq# gStks lR;uke nsrk gS vU; uke nsusokyk xq# dksbZ dke ugha vkosxkA mYV dky ds eq[k es a ys tkosxkA og f'k"; ikj gks,xk tks xq#opu dks eku dj xq# th ds vuqlkj pysxkA

dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh i```"B ua- 353nqfu;k vtc fnokuh] eksjh dgh ,d u ekuhAAVsdAA

^^nqfu;ka vtc fnokuh &&&&&&^^ esadgk gS fd Hktuksa us esjs }kjk crkbZ xbZ Hkf dh fofk ughaekuhA xq# :ih izR;{k ijekRek dks NksM+dj rhFkZ ;k=kk] iRFkj iwtk] fi=k iwtk vkfn iwtu djrs gSaAJh enHkxor xhrk v;k; 7 'yksd 12 ls15,20 ls23 esa Li"V fd;k gS fd rhuksa xq.kks a jtxq.kczk] lrxq.k fo".kq] rexq.k f'ko dh mikluk djus okys ew[kZgSa os jk{kl LoHkko dks kkj.k fd, gq,euq";ksa esa uhp nq"deZ djus okys gSa os esjh xhrk Kku nkrk cz dh iwtk Hkh ugha djrsA fQj xhrkv;k;7 'yksd18 esa cz lkkuk dksvuqke vJs"B dgk gS D;ksafd iw.kZ eks{k ugha gksrkA blfy,_f"k&eqfu tu cz lkkuk djdsHkh dky tky esa tUe&eR;q esa gh jg tkrs gSA blfy, xhrk v;k;18 'yksd62 esadgk gS fd iw.kZ eks{k ds fy, ml iw.kZ ijekRek dh 'kj.k xzg.k djksA dky ds ncko

esa vkdj lPpkbZ dks rks >wB ekurs gSavkSj >wB dkslpA lPpkbZcrkosa rks ekjus nkSM+rs gSaA dchjijes'oj th Lo;a ijekRek vk, FksA blfy, dgk gS fd eS a iw.kZ ijekREkk Lo;alrxq: Hks"k esadgjgk gw esjh ,d ugha ekurk vU; Hkzfer djusokyksa dh ckrsa eku dj bkj&mkj HkVdrs jgrs gSaA iw.kZlrxq: dk ekxZxzg.k djus ls eks{k lEHko gS ijekRek dchj th dk ladsr gS fd tc Hkh iw.kZlUrlrxq: izdV gksrk gS mlds }kjk crk, ekxZ ij yx dj eks{k izkIr djuk gh cqf)erk gSAdchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh ds i```"B ua- 271 ls 275 rd

Loklk lqfej.k gksr gS] rkfg u ykxS ckjAiy iy cUnxh lkkuk] ns[kks nf"V ilkjAA173AA

lR; ukedks [kksftys] tkrs vfXu cq>k;Afcuk lruke ckaps ugha] kjejk; kfj [kk;AA184AA

vkfn uke fut lkj gS] cwf> ysgq gks galAftu tkuk fut ukedks] vej Hk;ks L;ksa calAA205AA

vkfn uke fut ewy gS] vkSj ea=k lc MkjAdgS dchj fut uke fcu] cwfM eqvk lalkjAA206AA

vkfn ukedks [kkstgw] tks gS eqfDr dks ewyA;s ft;jk ti yhft;ks] HkeZ erk er HkwyAA207AA

dgS dchj fut uke fcu] feF;k tUe xoka;AfuHkZ; eqf fu%v{kjk] xq# fou dcgq u ik;AA208AA

lcdks uke lqukogw] tks vkos ro iklA'kCn gekjks lR; gS] n`< jk[kks fo'oklAA220AA

gks; foosdh 'kCndk] tk; feyS ifjokjA

uke xgS lks igqfpgSa] ekugq dgk gekjAA221AAvkfn uke ikjl lkjuke gS] eu gS eSyk yksgA

ijlrgh dapu Hk;k] NwVk caku eksgAA222AAlqjfr lekos ukels] txls jgS mnklA

dgS dchj xq# pj.kesa] n


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vN; c`{kdh Mksj xfg] lks lruke lek;AlR; 'kCnlkj'kCn izek.k gS]lR;yksd ega tk;AA230AA

dksb u ;e lks ckfp;k] uke fcuk kfj[kk;Ats tu fcjgh ukeds] rkdks nsf[k Mjk;AA232AA

deZ djS nsgh kjS] vkS fQfj fQfj iNrk;A

fcuk uke ckaps ugha] fto ;ejk yS tk;AA233AALokalk lqej.k gksr gS &&&&&&&& bu nksgksa esa dgk gS fd tks lR;uke &lksga Lokalks }kjk gksrkgS mldh [kkst djks vFkkZr~ bl eU=k dks nsus okyk iw.kZ xq# feys mlls mins'k yks rFkk Lej.kdjksA fQj iw.kZ xq# vkidks lkjuke nsosxkA ;fn lkjuke ugha feyk rks vkidk thou fu"Qy gSAgk] lR;uke ds vkkkj ls vkidks euq"; tUe fey tk,xkA ijarq lR;yksd izkfIr ughaA

blfy, dgk gS fd tks Kku ;ksx;q gksxk ogh gekjslkjuke dks ikus dh yXu yxk,xk vU;Fkkdsoy lR;uke &lksga ls Hkh tho NqVdkjk ugha gSA

bl fLFkfr esa xhrk th esa dgk gS fd ew< ew[kZ ftUgsa lPpkbZ dk Kku ugha gS] os rks oSls ghvutkuiusesa lrekxZ Lohdkj ugha dj ldrsA blfy, mudks ckj&2 dguk gkfudkjd gks ldrkgSA dchj lkgsc dgrs gaS %&&

dchj lh[k mlh dks nhft,] tkdks lh[k lqgk;A lh[k n;h Fkh okujk] cb;k dk ?kj tk;AAvFkkZr~ os mYVs xys iM+ tk,axsA ejus ekjus dks rS;kj gks tk,axsA tSls lkgsc dchj ds ihNs

dk'kh ds ik.Ms o dkth eqYyk iM+ x, Fks ysfdu lPpkbZ Lohdkj ugha dhAtksKkuh iq#"k gS tks le>rs Hkh gSa fd ge xyr lkkuk Lo;a dj jgs gSa rFkk vuq;kbZ;ksadks Hkh

xyr ekxZ n'kZu dj jgs gSa os viuh eku cM+kbZ o'k ugha ekursA os pkrqj prqj izk.kh dgs gSaAblfy, nksuksa gh Hkf vfkdkjh ugha gSaA

;FkkFkZ lkkuk % tks lksga dk tki nks fgLls djds Lokal&mLokal ls djrs gSa os fdlh mikL; b"Vdh izkfIr ;k fuxq Z.k cz dh izkfIr ds fy, djrs gSa og bldk vFkZ yxkrk gS fd lks & vgea[ogb"V&Hkxoku ftlds os mikld gSaeku dj tirsgSa]vkSj lksprs gSa fd og bZ'oj vge~ eSa gh gwAbldk gh nwljk vFkZ yxkrs gSa fd vge~ czkfLeA os Hk efgek rks xkrs gSa fo".kq Hkxoku dh vkSj

uke tirs gSa lksgaA ;g lkkuk mUgsa LoxZ izkfIr djok dj fQj pkSjklh yk[k ;ksfu;ksa esa Hkjekrh gSA vkSj lksga dk bdV~Bk tki ^lR;uke^ dgykrk gSA ;g Lokalksa }kjk tik tkrk gSA bls

^vtik tki^ Hkh dgrs gSaA blh dk izek.k dchj lkgsc dh ok.kh esa gS ftlesa keZnkl dks uke fn;kgSA dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh esa i"B ua- 51 ij ok.kh esa fy[kk gS ^^vks3e&lksga Hktks uj yksbZ^^] ;ghlR;uke gSA

fQj dchj iaFkh 'kCnkoyh ds i"B ua- 52-53 ij fy[kk gSAJksrk ok dh vfkd efgek] fopkj dq.M ugkbZ,A lkj'kCn fucsj yhts] cgqfj u Hkoty vkbZ,AAloZlkkq lar lekt e;s] Hkf eqf n```


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fugps kksfr iou tus] vtik tki tis lks tkus HksAAbaxyk] fiaxyk ds ?kj tkbZ] lq"keuk uhj jgk BgjkbZAA&lksga ro fopkjk] caduky esa fd;k laHkkjkAAeudks ekj xxu pfrs fd lPps uke o lPps vfouk'kh Hkxoku lr lkgsc ds Hktu o

'kj.k fcuk HkkosadjksaM+ksa ;K djksA la[kksa fo}ku xq.kh egar o _f"k vius LoHkko o'k lPpkbZlR;lkkuk dks Lohdkj ugha djrsA vius eku o'k 'kkL=k fofk jfgr iwtk lkkuk djrs gSa rFkk ujdds Hkkxh gksrs gSaA xhrk th ds v;k;16 ds'yksd23-24esa ;gh izek.k gSA

la[kksa ekSuh ekSu kkj.k djus okys rFkk ikpksa eqnzk izkfIr pkapjh&Hkwpjh] [kSapjh&vxkspjh]ueuh fd, gq, Hkh dky tky esa gh jgrs gSaA 'ka[kkas ti dsoy uke dk o ueks Hkkxorsoklqnsok; ue%] ueks f'kok;] jkkk Lokeh uke o ikpksa uke&vksadkj] T;ksfr fuajtu] jajdkj] lksga]lruke tki ;k vU; uke tks ifo=k xhrk th o ifo=k osnksa rFkk ijes'oj dchj lkgsc th dhverok.kh o vU; izHkq izkIr larksa dh verok.kh ls fHk gSa djus okys rFkk riLoh o ;ksxh Hkh iw.kZeq ugha gSaA iw.kZ ykHk izkIr ugha gSA ukuk izdkj ds Hks"k oL=k fHk xS#os oL=k iguuk] tVk j[kuk;k iRFkj iwtus okys] ew a< eaqMokuk] ukuk iaFkksa ds vuq;k;h cu tkuk Hkh o vkpkj&fopkj deZdk.M


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djus okys] 'ka[kksa nkuh nku djus okys o xaxk&fdnkj ukFk x;k vkfn vM+lB rhFkZ;k pkjksa kkeksa dh;k=kk djus okys Hkh ijekRek dk rRoKku u gksus ls bZ'ojh; vkuUn dk ykHk izkIr ugha dj ldrsAiw.kZ eq ugha gks ldrsA Jh xhrk th ds v;k;11 ds 'yksd48 esa Li"V dgk gS fd vtqZu esjs blokLrfod cz dky&fojkV :i dksdksbZ u rksigys ns[k ik;k u gh vkxs ns[k ldsxkA pwafd esjk;g :i vFkkZr~ cz&dky izkfIr u rks;Kksa ls] u gh ri ls] u gh nku ls] u gh ti ls] u gh

osn i


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lqdp ehu gks; laxh] eksrh flUkq iBkoSA>wBh izhfr bdaxh] lrxq# 'kCn feykoSAA55AA

lR; lqd`r laxkrh] NkfM fn;k fut ukekAnsoy kkekSa tkrh] Hkwfy x;s vkSg kkekAA79AA

"kV~ 'kkL=k laxhrk] i


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rhjFk ozr lc ns; cgkbZA lrxq# pj.kls ;ku yxkbZAAeugha ckak fLFkj tks djghA lks galk Hkolkxj rjghAAHk gks; lrxq#dk iwjkA jgS iq#"k ds fuk gtwjkAA;gh tks jhfr lkkdh HkkbZA lkj ;qf eSa dgw xqgjkbZAAlruke fut ewy gS] ;g dchj le>k;A

nksbZ nhu [kkstr fQjsa] ije iq#"k ufga ik;AAxgS uke lsok djS] lruke xq.k xkoSA

lrxq# in fo'okl n`iV idM+sxk izk.khAArhu nso iq#"k xE; u ikbZA tx ds tho lc fQjs HkqykbZAAtks dksbZ lruke xgs HkkbZA tk dgSa ns[k Mjs tejkbZAA,slk lcls dgh;ks HkkbZA tx thoksa dk Hkje u'kkbZAA

dg dchj ge lr dj Hkk[kk] ge gSa ewy 'ks"k Mkj] ruk : 'kk[kkAAlk[kh %

:i ns[k Hkjeks ugha] dgSa dchj fopkjA vy[k iq#"k n;s y[ks] lksbZ mrfj gS ikjAA


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blesa ijes'oj dchj lkgsc th vius ije f'k"; keZnkl th dksdg jgs gSa fd ;ku iwoZd lquog iw.kZ cz ije v{kj iq#"k ijekRek eSaus dchj lkgsc us ik;kviuh efgek vki gh dguhiM+h D;ksafd lriq#"k dks dksbZ lkkd ugha tkurk FkkA Lo;a dchj lkgsc gh Hk rFkk lar oijekRek dh Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSa ml ijekRek iw.kZcz dk loZ cz.Mkssa ls ikj LFkku gS ogka ijog vkfn ijekREkk lriq#"k jgrk gSA ogh loZ thoksa dk nkrk gS blh dk izek.k xhrk th ds

v;k;15 ds 'yksd17 esa fn;k gS tks mlh lrkke esa lcls U;kjk jgrk gS blh dk izek.k ;tqosZnds v;k;5 ds 'yksd32 esa Hkh gS ml ijekRekblh dk izek.k xhrk th ds v;k;18 ds 'yksd46 o61, 62,66 esa] v;k;8 ds 'yksd1, 3, 8, 9, 10 rFkk17 ls22 o v;k;2 ds 'yksd17 easiw.kZ izek.k gS dks dksbZ ugha tkurk rFkk mldh izkfIr dh fofk Hkh fdlh 'kkL=k esa of.kZr ugha gSAblfy, lruke o lkjuke ds Lej.k ds fcuk dky lkkukdsoy eU=k tki djds dky dk ghvkgkj cu tkrs gSaA

lPpk lkgscvfouk'kh ijekRek HktksA mldh lkkuk lruke o lkjuke ls gksrh gSA bldkKku u gksus ls_f"k o lartu yxu Hkh [kwc yxkrs gSaA gtkjksa o"kZ osnksa esa of.kZr lkkuk Hkh djrs gSaijarq O;FkZ jgrh gSA iw.kZ eq ugha gks ikrsA keZnkl th dks lkgsc dchj dg jgs gSa fd tks lTtuO;f vkRe dY;k.k pkgus okys viuh xyr lkkuk R;kx dj vkids ikl uke ysus vk,axsA mudkslruke o lkjuke eU=k nsuk ftlls os dky tky ls fudy dj lryksd esa pys tk,axsA fQjtUe&ej.k jfgr gks dj iw.kZ ijekRek dk vkuUn izkIr djsaxsA lgh jkLrk iwtk fofk u feyus dsdkj.k uknku vkRek iRFkj iwtusyx xbZ] ozr] rhFkZ] efUnj] efLtn vkfn esa bZ'oj dksryk'k jghgSa tks O;FkZ gS ;g lc LokFkhZ vKkfu;ksa o udyh xq#vksa }kjk pykbZ xbZ gSA tks xq# lruke olkjuke ughansrk og lriq#"k dchj lkgsc dk nq'eu gS tks xyr lkkuk dj o djok ds Lo;adks Hkh rFkk vuq;kbZ;ksa dks Hkh ujd esa ys tk jgk gSA tks vki gh Hkwyk gS rFkk uknku Hkksyh&HkkyhvkRekvksa dks Hkh Hkqyk jgk gSA

osnksa o xhrk th esa uke dh efgek crkbZ gS fd ;g Hkh ewy uke ugha gSA lkjuke ds fcukvkwjs uke dks va'k uke dgk gS tks iw.kZ eqf dk ugha gSA blh ds ckjs es a dgk gS fd 'kk[kk

czk&fo".kq&f'ko o cz&dky rFkk ekrk dh lkkuk dks 'kk[kk dgk gS o i=k nsoh&nsorkvksa dh iwtkdk bZ'kkjk fd;k gS esatxr my>k gqvk gSA tks budh lkkuk djrk gS og ujd esa tkrk gSA blhdk izek.k xhrk th ds v;k;14 ds 'yksd5 esa rFkk v;k;9 ds 'yksd25 esa gS rFkk ifo=k xhrkv;k;7 'yksd12 ls15 rFkk20 ls23 rd gSA

fQj iw.kZ ijekRek dks ewy dgk gS fd ml ijekRek rFkk mldh mikluk dks dksbZ ugha tkurkAvKkurk o'k czk&fo".kq&f'ko vkSj Jh jke o Jh d".k th dks gh vfouk'kh ijekRek ekurs gSaA ^^thovHkkxsewy ugha tkus] Mkj&'kk[kk dks iq#"k c[kkus lalkj ds lkkd osn 'kkL=kksa dks i ugha ikrsA O;FkZ esa >xM+k djrsgSaA tcfd ifo=k osn o xhrk o iqjk.k Hkh ;gh dgrsgSa fdvfouk'kh ijekRek dksbZvkSj gh gSA izek.k ds fy, xhrk th ds v;k;15 ds 'yksd16-17 esa iw.kZo.kZu fd;k x;k gSA tks bu rhu nsoksa czk] fo".kq] f'ko dh Hkf djrs gSa mudh eqf dHkh ugha

gks ldrhA gs uknku izkf.k;ksa! budh mikluk esa er HkVdksA iw.kZ ijekRek dh lkkuk djksA keZnklls lkgsc dchj dg jgs gaS fd ;g lc thoksa dks crkvks] mudk Hkze feVkvksrFkk lriq#"k dh iwtko efgek dk Kku djkvksA


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tkxks js ijes'oj ds pkgus okyksa ! izdV gks pqdk gS txko.kgkj rkj.kgkj^^kal ns'k ds fo'o izfl) Hkfo";oDrk egf"kZ ukL=ksnel th dh Hkfo";ok.kh

lR; fl) gqbZ**S ap kal ns'k ds ukL=ksnel uked fo'o izfl) Hkfo";oDrk us lu~ b-l-1555 esa ,d gtkj

'yksdksa esa Hkfo"; dh lkadsfrd lR; Hkfo";okf.k;ka fy[kh gS aA lkS&lkS 'yksdksa ds nl 'krd cuk djlSaP;wjh uked xzaFk dh jpuk dhA mles fy[kk gS1998 esa egkjk"V esa ,d T;ksfr"k'kkL=kh ukL=ksneldh Hkfo";ok.kh esa vafdr lkadsfrd Hkk"kk dk Li"Vhdj.k dj mlesafyf[kr Hkfo"; ?kVukvksa dk vFkZnsdj viuk Hkfo";xzaFk izdf'kr djsxkA ml le; og Hkkjr esa ml T;ksfr"k }kjk dfy;qx ds fo"k;esa fn;s x, egku~ lkadsfrd Hkk"kk esa vFkZ dks lqy>k dj mlesa fyf[kr egku~ Hkfo";ok.kh dk vFkZLi"V djsxkA fuEu vuqokn mlh ejkBh xzaFk ls fy;k x;k gS ftuesa ls vc rd loZ fl) gks pqdhgSaA fgUnqLrku esa lR; gks pqdh Hkfo";okf.k;ksa esa ls %& Hkkjr dh izFke efgyk izkkueU=kh Lo- JhefrbfUnjk xkakh rFkk mudh eR;q fudVre j{kd }kjk gksuk fy[kk Fkk] tks lR; gqbZA mlds i'pkr~mUgha dk iq=k mudk mkjkfkdkjh gksxk vkSj og cgqr de le; rd jkT; djsxk rFkk vkdfLedeR;q dks izkIr gksxk] tks lR; fl) gqbZA

viuh Hkfo";ok.kh ds 'krd ikap ds var esa rFkk 'krd N% ds iz kjEHk esa ukL=ksnel th us viuhlSaP;wjh uked xzaFk esa fy[kk gS fd vkt vFkkZr~ b-l- lu~ 1555 ls Bhd450 o"kZ i'pkr~ lu~2006 esa fo'o esa vpkud ujflag dh rjg izdV izfl)@fo[;kr gksus okyk rhu vksj lkxj lsf?kjs gq, egklkxj ds uke ds ns'k esa ,d egku fgUnw lar tUe ysxkA ukL=ksnel th us dgk gS fdog kkfeZd fgUnw usrk vFkkZr~ lar 'kk;ju@Chyren ikaposa 'krd ds var ds o"kZ esa vFkkZr~ lu~ 1999esa ?kj&?kj lRlax djuk R;kx dj vFkkZr~ pkS[kV dks yka?kdj ckgj vk,xk rFkk vius keZ cUkqvksa dks'kkL=k fofk vuqlkj HkfDr ekxZ crk,xkA ml egku lar ds crk, HkfDr ekxZ lsmldsvuq;kbZ;ksa dksvf}fr; v;kfRed o HkkSfrd ykHk gksxkA ml rRon"Vk lar ds }kjk crk, 'kkL=k izekf.kr rRoKkudks le>k dj ijekRek pkgus okys J)kyq ,sls vpfEHkr gksaxs tSlsdksbZ xgjh fuanzk lstkxk gksAml rRon"Vk fgUnw lar }kjk lu~1999 ls pykbZ v;kfRed kafr bZ-la- 2006 rd pysxh vkSj lu~

2006 esa loZ txr esamldh ppkZ gksxhA ml le; ml fgUnw kkfeZd lar 'kk;ju dh vk;q 50 o60 o"kZ ds chp gksxhA ijes'oj us ukL=ksnel dkslar jkeiky th egkjkt ds vksM+ mez okys 'kjhjdk lk{kkRdkj djok dj pyfp=k dh Hkkafr lkjh ?kVukvksa dks fn[kk;k vkSj le>k;kA eSa ukL=ksnel,d ckr fufoZokn fl) djrk gw og 'kk;ju kkfeZd usrk u;k Kku vkfo"dkj djsxk] og xq#ojvFkkZr~ xq#vksa esa Js"V xq# gksxk vkSj vius lukru keZ dk ikyu djok dj lq[k&le)h o 'kkafr dkvfkdkjh cuk,xkA og lR; ekxZ n'kZu djokus okyk rkj.kgkj ,f'k;k [k.M esa ftl ns'k ds uke dkegklkxj fgUn egklkxj gS mlh ns'k esa tUe ysxkA og uk f'pu] uk eqLyeku] uk ;gwnh gksxko fu%lansg fgUnw gh gksxkA vU; HkwriwoZ kkfeZd usrkvksa ls vfkd cqf)eku gksxk vkSj vts; gksxkA eSaukL=ksnel mldk vHkh Nkrh Bksd dj xoZ djrk gwA D;ksafd ml fnO; Lora=k lw;Z 'kk;ju lar dkmn; gksrs gh lkjs igys okys fo}ku dgykus okys egku kkkfeZd usrkvksa dks fu"izHk gksdj mlds

lkeus uez cuuk iM+sxkA fgUnw 'kk;ju vius Kku ls nSfnI;eku mrqax apk Lo:i dk fokkurRoKku fQj ls fcuk 'krZ mtkxj djok,xkA Chyran will be chief of the world, Loyed fearedand unchallanged vkSj ekuoh laLdrh fukksZd laokjsxk] blesa lansg ughaA vHkh fdlh dks ekyweugha] ysfdu vius le; ij tSls ujflag Hkxoku vpkud izxV gqvk FkkA ,sls gh og fo'o egkuusrk Great Chyran vius rdZ'kq)] vpwd Kku vkSj HkfDr rst ls fo[;kr gksxkA eS a ukL=ksnelvpafHkr gw A eSa uk mlds ns'k tgkals vorfjr gksxk vFkkZr~ lryksd ns'k dks rFkk uk mldkstkurk gw] eSa mls lkeus ns[k Hkh jgk gw] mldh efgek dk 'kCn c) es a dksbZ felky ugha dj


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ldrkA cl mlsGreat Chyran egku kkfeZd usrk dgrk gw vkSj eSa mldk Lokxr djrk gqvkvk'p;Z pfdr gks jgk gw] mnkl Hkh gks jgk gw] D;ksafd mldk nq fu;k dks Kku u gksus ls esjk'kk;ju rRon'khZ lar mis{kk dk ik=k cu jgk gSA mlds Kku ds fnO; rst ds izHkko ls ml}hidYi Hkkjro"kZ esa vkked rwQku] [kycyh epsxh vFkkZr~ vKkuh larksa }kjk fonzksg fd;ktk,xkA mldks 'kkar djus dk mik; Hkh mlh dks ekywe gksxkA esjh ukL=ksnel dh fprHksnd

Hkfo";ok.kh dh vkSj ml oSf'od flag ekuo egku lar dh mis{kk uk djsaA mls NksVk Kkunhi ule>sa] ml rRoosrk egkekuo 'kk;ju dks flgkaluLFk djds vklu ij cSBkdj mldks vkjk;nso ekudj iwtk djsaA og vkfn iq:"k lriq:"k dk vuq;kbZ nqfu;k dk rkj.kgkj gksxkA mldsizdV gksus ij rFkk mlds rstLoh rRo Kku :ih lw;Z mn; gksus ls vkn'kZoknh Js"V O;fDr;ksa dkiquj~mRFkku rFkk Lo.kZ ;qx ds izHkkr dh 'kq:vkr2006 esa gksxhA bl drkFkZ 'kq:okr dks eSaukL=ksnel n"Vk gks jgk gw vFkkZr~ lkjs?kVuke dks ns[k jgk gwA ukL=ksnel dgrk gS fd fu%lansgfo'o esa Js"B rRoKkrk xzsV 'kk;ju ds fo"k; esa esjh Hkfo";ok.kh ds 'kCnk 'kCn dks vU; kkfeZdusrkvksa ij tksM+ dj rdZ&forZd djds ns[ksxsa rks dksbZ Hkh [kjk ugha mrjsxkA eSa ukL=ksnel NkrhBksd dj 'kCnk 'kCn dg jgk gw fd esjk 'kk;ju lar dk drZRo vkSj mldk xw


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2006 esa lkjs fgUnqLrku esa ppkZ dk fo"k; cu x, tks ukL=ksnel th dh Hkfo"; ok.kh ds vuqlkjlR; izek.k gqvkA

ukL=ksnel dgrk gS og Kku dk fotsrk gksxk] mls Kku esa dksbZ ijkftr ughadj ldsxk vkSjog nqfu;k dks Hkolkxj ls rkj.kgkj gksxkA mldk fn;k gqvk lR;HkfDr ekxZ lfn;ksa rd Nk;k jgsxkvkSj mlh lar ds izHkko ls fgUnqLrku esa Lo.kZ;qx vk,xk vkSj ckn esalkjs fo'o esa QSysxk ftlds

ifj.kkeLo:i Hkkjr fo'o dh egku 'kfDr cusxkA

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Yatharth Kabir Panth Parichay