YEAR 11 BIOLOGY ATAR COURSE PROGRAM 2018 · Web viewYEAR 11 BIOLOGY ATAR COURSE PROGRAM 2018 Unit 1 – Ecosystems and Biodiversity SEMESTER ONE: Thurs day 1 st February to Fri day

YEAR 11 BIOLOGY ATAR COURSE PROGRAM 2018Unit 1 – Ecosystems and Biodiversity

SEMESTER ONE: Thursday 1st February to Friday 15th June (18 weeks) TEXT: Nelson Biology Units 1 & 2Week Course Programme Including Assessment Items

Science Inquiry Skills Science as Human Endeavour Science UnderstandingNelson Text Biozone WS

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1

Jan 29

Administration (Classes begin Thursday 1st February) Syllabus Program and Assessment Outline College Assessment Policy Zoo Excursion Letter Textbooks Classroom Expectations Glossary of Terms

1/2 Classes commence for year 8-12 students

2/2 Opening school mass

2

Feb 5

Biodiversity Biodiversity includes the diversity of genes, species and ecosystems; measures of biodiversity rely on

classification and are used to make comparisons across spatial and temporal scales.The Importance of Biodiversity. Biodiversity definition. Australia’s Biodiversity. What is an endemic species? Biodiversity is dependent on size, as well as biotic and abiotic factors present and their interactions. Biodiversity at different levels: ecosystem (communities interacting with each other and the environment)

species (variety of organisms in a given location/biological species concept) and genes (range of alleles in a species population gene pool).

Measuring Biodiversity. Species richness, species evenness, biodiversity index calculations i.e. Simpson’s Diversity Indices. Spatial and temporal comparisons.Strategies to Maintain Biodiversity. Australia’s Biodiversity Conservation Strategy 2010–2030 presents a long-term view of the future and the

actions that need to be implemented to conserve biodiversity. Australia’s Biodiversity Conservation Strategy 2010-2030 A 100-year Biodiversity Strategy for WA

International agreements about biodiversity encourage international cooperation in the protection of unique locations, including World Heritage sites, for example, Shark Bay, Great Barrier Reef Biodiversity hotspots, (locations and reasons for being declared a hot spot) for example, south west

WA International migration routes and areas used for breeding, for example, by birds, whales, turtles,

whale sharks.

Chapter 1

Set 1.2The Great Barrier Reef p.7 Q1-4

Biozone WS 275 Australia's Biological History.

Biozone WS 276 Global Biodiversity.

Biozone WS 277 Loss of Biodiversity.

Biozone WS 278 Biodiversity and Conservation.

9/2 -10/2 Production Camp

3 Classification Biological classification is hierarchical and based on molecular sequences, different levels of similarity of

Chapter 2

Week Course Programme Including Assessment ItemsScience Inquiry Skills Science as Human Endeavour Science Understanding

Nelson Text Biozone WS

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Feb 12

physical features and methods of reproduction. Biological classification systems reflect evolutionary relatedness between groups of organisms. Most common definitions of species rely on morphological or genetic similarity or the ability to interbreed

to produce fertile offspring in natural conditions – but in all cases, exceptions are found. Classification systems are based on international conventions and are subject to change through debate

and resolution; changes are based on all currently available evidence. Why classify? Organising the diversity of life, allows effective communication, international

system/conventions. Brief understanding of history of classification. Taxonomy – naming groups (taxa). Taxonomists. Linnaean Classification is hierarchical. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species with groups becoming smaller and with

more features in common down the hierarchy. Domains and the five kingdoms. The five kingdoms are recognised mainly on cellular differences. Animal phyla and plant divisions have specific features by which they can be recognised. Naming organisms - Binomial Nomenclature Classification is based on structure, modes and methods of reproduction, patterns of development,

genetic and biochemical characteristics.

Set 2.1Set 2.2

Biozone WS 30 Types of Living Things

Biozone WS 168 The New Tree of life

Biozone WS 169 Features of Taxonomic Groups

Biozone WS 170 Features of The Five Kingdoms

Biozone WS 171 Classification System

13/2 Year 11 & 12 academic excellence assembly

13/2 Year 12 parent information evening

14/2 Ash Wednesday



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Feb 19

Classification Keys Biological classification is hierarchical and based on molecular sequences, different levels of similarity of

physical features and methods of reproduction. Biological classification systems reflect evolutionary relatedness between groups of organisms. Most common definitions of species rely on morphological or genetic similarity or the ability to interbreed

to produce fertile offspring in natural conditions – but in all cases, exceptions are found. Classification systems are based on international conventions and are subject to change through debate

and resolution; changes are based on all currently available evidence. Select, construct and use appropriate representations, including classification keys, food webs and

biomass pyramids, to communicate conceptual understanding, solve problems and make predictions. Classification is dynamic and modified as more current information and evidence is collected. Usefulness/limitations of keys, dynamic nature of keys, use of Latin words. Application of Dichotomous Keys. Biological classification systems reflect evolutionary relatedness between groups of organisms. Phylogenetic Trees are used to show evolutionary relatedness. Cladistics. Identify that the more similar DNA and Proteins are the more related.

Chapter 2

Activity 2.1Activity 2.2Experiment 2.1Set 2.3Activity 2.3Set 2.4Nelson Activity Sheet 2.3 & 2.4

Biozone WS 175 Classification Keys

Biozone WS 176 Key to Australian Plants

19/2 Interhouse swimming carnival

20/2 Year 11 parent information evening

23/2 Year 11 Physics excursion

23/2 Year 12 Ball

5

Feb 26

Ecosystems Task 1: Zoo Excursion – Highly Classified Excursion and In Class Validation (5%). Perth Zoo Whole Day Excursion – Highly Classified (Monday 26th February). Highly Classified In Class Validation (Tuesday 27th February). Ecosystems are diverse, composed of varied habitats, consisting of a range of biotic and abiotic factors,

and can be described in terms of their component species, species interactions and the abiotic factors that make up the environment.

Components of ecosystems, from biosphere to habitat. Biomes accommodate ecosystems which are composed of varied habitats. Define community, population and environment (biotic and abiotic factors). Identify common abiotic factors through common ecosystems. Identify biotic factors present with in an ecosystem i.e. organisms present or inferred (tracks, shells etc.). Understanding the influence of abiotic factors on the biotic. Limiting Factors. Species have tolerance ranges and these influences where these organisms can live.

Chapter 3

Set 3.1

Biozone WS 178 Biomes

Biozone WS 179 Components of an Ecosystem

1/3 Year 11 Retreat

1/3 Year 11 River Cruise



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Mar 5

Classifying Ecosystems Ecosystems are diverse, composed of varied habitats, consisting of a range of biotic and abiotic factors,

and can be described in terms of their component species, species interactions and the abiotic factors that make up the environment.

In addition to biotic factors, abiotic factors, including climate and substrate, can be used to describe and classify environments.

Classification of ecosystems and environments. Ecosystems to include are aquatic and terrestrial. Measuring abiotic factors (Experiment 3.1). Ecosystem defining substrates i.e. aquatic: differ in salinity and water flow/movement; Soils: particle size,

fertility/mineral content and salinity; living or dead as for parasites or decomposers, and climate: temperature range, tropical, dry hot, cold, dry, availability of water.

Features of major ecosystems.

Chapter 3

Experiment 3.1Case study p.48-49 Q1-4Set 3.2

Biozone Worksheet 180 Selected Australian Ecosystems

Biozone Worksheet 181 Habitat

Biozone Worksheet 186 Physical Factors and Gradients

5/3 Labour Day Public Holiday

8/3 ACC Swim Camp

OLNA Writing

7

Mar 12

Interactions in Ecosystems Species or populations, including those of microorganisms, fill specific ecological niches; the competitive

exclusion principle postulates that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same environment for an extended period of time.

Explain concept of ‘niche’. Fundamental and realised niche. Organisms occupy a specific niche. Species have specific tolerance limits that enable them to occupy a

particular niche. Resource partitioning. Competitive Exclusion Principle The closer the niche=greater competition.

Chapter 3

Activity 3.1Nelson Activity Sheet 3.4Set 3.3

Biozone WS 182 Ecological Niche

Biozone WS 185 Ecological Niches

15/3 ACC Swimming Carnival

OLNA Literacy & Numeracy



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Mar 19

Ecosystem Relationships Relationships and interactions within a species and between species in ecosystems include predation,

competition, symbiosis (mutualism, commensalism and parasitism), collaboration and disease. Keystone species play a critical role in maintaining the structure of the community; the impact of a

reduction in numbers or the disappearance of keystone species on an ecosystem is greater than would be expected, based on their relative abundance or total biomass.

Keystone species theory has informed many conservation strategies. However, there are differing views about the effectiveness of single-species conservation in maintaining complex ecosystem dynamics.

Relationships between organisms (competition, co-operation, predation, prey, disease, mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism)

How these effect population sizes. Keystone Species. Individual keystone species do not always exist; many organisms can be viewed as a keystone species Keystone Species play a critical role in maintaining the structure of the community. They have a large

impact on communities and ecosystems. Loss of keystone species has a large impact on the ecosystem. Keystone species can be used to monitor changes in ecosystems. How have keystone species informed many conservation strategies? Consider not only predator

keystone species but other categories of keystone species i.e. prey species, plant species, modifiers etc.

Task 2: Test on Biodiversity and Ecosystems (5%).

Chapter 3

Set 3.4Set 3.5The Cassowary p.63 Q1-4Set 3.6

Biozone WS 284 Ecosystem Stability

20/3 ACC Swimming Assembly

21/3 IMCC Open Day



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9

Mar 26

Energy and Matter in Ecosystems The biotic components of an ecosystem transfer and transform energy, originating primarily from the sun,

and matter to produce biomass; and interact with abiotic components to facilitate biogeochemical cycling, including carbon and nitrogen cycling; these interactions can be represented using food webs and biomass pyramids.

Select, construct and use appropriate representations, including classification keys, food webs and biomass pyramids, to communicate conceptual understanding, solve problems and make predictions.

Flow of energy Energy origin in ecosystems is the Sun. Energy transfers and transformations in ecosystems rely on photosynthesis and respiration. Role of producers, consumers and microorganisms/decomposers Gross Primary Productivity and Net Primary Productivity

Qualitative Modelling Present energy flow through food chains and food webs. Energy lost in food chains and food webs.

Quantitative Modelling Ecological pyramids (numbers, biomass and energy). Drawing pyramids (numbers, biomass and energy).

Chapter 4

Set 4.1Activity 4.1Activity 4.2Set 4.2Set 4.3Set 4.4

Biozone WS 241 Energy Inputs and Outputs

Biozone WS 248 Primary Productivity

Biozone WS 242 Food Chains

Biozone WS 246 Cave Food Webs

Biozone WS 247 Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

Biozone WS 249 Ecological Pyramids

27/3 Year 12 Mass

29/3 Holy Thursday Whole School Easter Liturgy

30/3 Good Friday



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Apr 2

Cycling of Matter The biotic components of an ecosystem transfer and transform energy, originating primarily from the sun,

and matter to produce biomass; and interact with abiotic components to facilitate biogeochemical cycling, including carbon and nitrogen cycling; these interactions can be represented using food webs and biomass pyramids.

Importance of recycling. Soil Cycling Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Water Cycle Phosphorus Cycle Biological Magnification (biomagnification and bioaccumulation)

Chapter 4Set 4.5Case Studyp.95 Q1-7Set 4.6

Biozone WS 237 Nutrient CyclesBiozone WS 239 The Carbon CycleBiozone WS 240 The Nitrogen CycleBiozone WS 238 The Hydrologic CycleBiozone WS 243 Biomagnification of Chemicals

2/4 Easter Monday

3/4 Easter Tuesday

4/4 – 6/4 Year 12 Retreat

5/4 – 6/4 Year 10 and 11 Geography Camp

11

Apr 9(Final

week of Term 1)

Population Dynamics The dynamic nature of populations influence population size, density, composition and distribution. Ecosystems have carrying capacities that limit the number of organisms (within populations) they

support, and can be impacted by changes to abiotic and biotic factors, including climatic events. Population definition. Populations are described by size, density, composition (age, male/female) and distribution. Populations controlled by abiotic and biotic factors. Carrying capacity definition. Carrying capacity is dynamic and is influenced by the abiotic and biotic factors. Ecosystems have carrying capacities that can limit the number of organisms that they can support. Population effects when near carrying capacity. Carrying capacity varies either long term or short term. Population growth. Population Age Structure – Population Pyramids. Measuring Populations – growth, distribution, abundance.

Task 3: Population Dynamics (5%). Class discussion and research. Interpret a range of scientific and media texts, and evaluate processes, claims and conclusions by

considering the quality of available evidence; and use reasoning to construct scientific arguments.

Chapter 5Set 5.1Worked Example 5.1

Biozone WS 259 Features of Populations

Biozone WS 267 Population Growth

Biozone WS 268 Population Growth Curves

Biozone WS 265 Population Age Structure

13/4 ANZAC Day Service



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Apr 30

(First week of Term 2)

Population Measurement The dynamic nature of populations influence population size, density, composition and distribution. Contemporary technologies, including satellite sensing and remote monitoring enable improved

monitoring of habitat and species population change over time. Measuring Populations – growth, distribution, abundance. Sampling techniques (direct observation, quadrats, transects, capture/recapture, telemetry, pitfall, aerial

surveys, Sheffield traps and mist netting). Monitoring stationary and mobile populations. Consider satellite sensing and remote monitoring techniques (Penguin Island, Rottnest Island etc.) Population calculations (Capture-recapture calculation). Population density. Density dependent and density independents factors influence on populations.

Task 3: Population Dynamics (5%). In class validation.

Conduct investigations, including using ecosystem surveying techniques (quadrats, line transects and capture-recapture) safely, competently and methodically for the collection of valid and reliable data.

Represent data in meaningful and useful ways; organise and analyse data to identify trends, patterns and relationships; qualitatively describe sources of measurement error, and uncertainty and limitations in data; and select, synthesise and use evidence to make and justify conclusions.

Chapter 5

Experiment 5.1Experiment 5.2Worked Examples 5.2 and 5.3Set 5.2

Biozone WS 260 Sampling Populations

Biozone WS 266 Mark and Recapture

Biozone WS 261 Density and Distribution

Biozone WS 263 Population Regulation

1/5 – 3/5 Year 11 ATAR Expedition

4/5 Interschool Cross Country 8.30am – 1.00pm

13

May 7

Population Regulation and Ecological Succession Ecological succession involves changes in the populations of species present in a habitat; these

changes impact the abiotic and biotic interactions in the community, which in turn influence further changes in the species present and their population size.

Models of ecosystem interactions (food webs, successional models) can be used to predict the impact of change and are based on interpretation of and extrapolation from sample data (data derived from ecosystem surveying techniques); the reliability of the model is determined by the representativeness of the sampling.

Population regulation. Restoring populations. K and R selected organisms. Excursion to Lake Joondalup Thursday 10th May. Students will spend the day with DPAW officers

to survey the water for macroinvertebrates and conduct water quality testing to determine the overall health of the lake.

Chapter 5Set 5.3Case Studyp.118 Q1-3Set 5.4

Chapter 6Set 6.1Changes in Ecosystems

7/5 College Photo Day

8/5 Year 11 Mass

9/5 PST Interviews1.30pm – 7.30pm

11/5 IMCC Day



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14

May 14

Population Regulation and Ecological Succession Ecological succession involves changes in the populations of species present in a habitat; these

changes impact the abiotic and biotic interactions in the community, which in turn influence further changes in the species present and their population size.

Models of ecosystem interactions (food webs, successional models) can be used to predict the impact of change and are based on interpretation of and extrapolation from sample data (data derived from ecosystem surveying techniques); the reliability of the model is determined by the representativeness of the sampling.

Ecosystems can change. Ecological succession. Succession occurs due to changes in abiotic and biotic factors in an area over time. Each change produces greater complexity in the ecosystem. Pioneer species impact and ability to change. Primary and secondary succession, climax community. Successional models to predict the impact of change.

Task 4: Test on Populations and Change in Ecosystems (5%).

Chapter 6Set 6.1

Biozone WS 280 Primary Succession

Biozone WS 281 Succession on Surtsey Island

Biozone WS 282 Secondary Succession

Biozone WS 284 Ecosystem Stability

14/5 – 18/5 Year 12 OED Expedition

15/5 Year 12 Mass

15

May 21

Change in Ecosystems Fire is a dynamic factor in Australian ecosystems and has different effects on biodiversity. Human activities that can affect biodiversity and can impact on the magnitude, duration and speed of

ecosystem change include examples of habitat destruction, fragmentation or degradation the introduction of invasive species unsustainable use of natural resources the impact of pollutants, including biomagnification climate change

Natural disturbances that lead to change. Fire and fire regimes. Human activities that can affect biodiversity and can impact on the

magnitude, duration and speed of ecosystem change. Urbanisation, habitat destruction, fragmentation or degradation, invasive species, unsustainable use of

natural resources, impact of pollutants, eutrophication, climate change/Global warming.

Chapter 6

Set 6.2Set 6.4

Biozone WS 234 Plant Adaptations to Fire

Biozone WS 287 Soil Degradation

Biozone WS 292 Effects of Urbanisation

Biozone WS 294 Global Warming

22/5 Golding Day with Mass



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16

May 28

Revision for Semester One Examination: Monday 28th May until Thursday 31st MayChapter Review Questions Chapters 1-6.

Semester One Examination Period: Commences Friday 1 st June

31/5 ACC Cross Country

17

June 4Task 5: Semester One Exam (15%).

Semester One Examination Period Continues: Tuesday 5th June until Friday 8th June

4/6 WA Day Public Holiday

18

June 11

Task 5: Semester One Exam (15%).

Semester One Examination Period Continues: Monday 11th June until Tuesday 12th June

Task 6: Biology Camp Field Work (10%).

Biology Camp Perth Hills - Wednesday 13th June until Friday 15th June. Perth Hills Discovery Centre (DPAW), Mundaring. Carry out Monitoring Marsupials, Biology – Flora, Biology Fauna, Biology – Fire, Night Stalk and Animal Encounter, as well as community service.

17/6 – 23/6 Bililuna Immersion

Unit 2 – Cells and Multicellular OrganismsSEMESTER TWO: Monday 18th June to Friday 23rd November (19 weeks)


TextBiozone

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June 18

(Week 8 of Term

2)

Conservation Strategies Conservation strategies used to maintain biodiversity are:

Genetic strategies: including gene/seed banks and captive breeding programs. Environmental strategies: including revegetation and control of introduced species. Management strategies: including protected areas and restricted commercial and recreational

access. Identification and classification of an ecological area as a conservation reserve also requires

consideration of the commercial and recreational uses of the area, as well as Indigenous Peoples’ usage rights.

Catalyst: “The Tipping Point.”

DVD: “The Seed Hunter”

Biozone WS 278 Biodiversity and Conservation

Biozone WS 279 Species Action Plans

17/6 – 23/6 Bililuna Immersion

18/6 – 22/6 Year 11 OED General Expedition

22/6 Year 11 & 12 Politics & Law Symposium

2

June 25

(Final week of Term 2)

Cell Structure and Function Cells require energy inputs, including light energy or chemical energy in complex molecules, and matter,

including gases, simple nutrients and ions, and removal of wastes, to survive. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have many features in common, which is a reflection of their common

evolutionary past, but prokaryotes lack internal membrane-bound organelles, do not have a nucleus, are significantly smaller than eukaryotes, usually have a single circular chromosome, and exist as single cells

Developments in microscopy and associated preparation techniques have contributed to more sophisticated models of cell structure and function.

Select, construct and use appropriate representations, including diagrams of structures and processes, and images from different imaging techniques, to communicate conceptual understanding, solve problems and make predictions.

Cells are the basic units of life. Cell theory. Cell requirements, inputs and waste. Seeing cells, cell size and the need for microscopes. Development of microscopes. Describe Compound Light, Stereo, TEM and SEM. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Distinguish between plant and animal cells. Autotrophs, heterotrophs and chemosynthesis.

Chapter 7

Set 7.1Set 7.2Set 7.3

Biozone WS 29 The Cell Theory

Biozone WS 33 Cell Sizes

26/6 Evans Day with Mass

26/6 – 29/6 Year 11 & 12 AFL Tour

28/6 Music Recital Night

29/6 Year 12 Human Biology Exc

3

July 16

(First week of Term 3)

Cell Structure and Function Continued Biological molecules are synthesised from monomers to produce complex structures, including

carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Eukaryotic cells carry out specific cellular functions in specialised structures and organelles, including

cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosomes and vacuoles.


Cell organelles and functions. Cells need complex biological molecules: monomers & polymers, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and

nucleic acids. Link function of life processes to cellular organelles.

Chapter 7

Set 7.4Set 7.5

Cell Structure

16/7 & 17/7 Staff PD Day

4

July 23

Microscopy Conduct investigations, including microscopy techniques, real or virtual dissections and chemical

analysis, safely, competently, ethically and methodically for the collection of valid and reliable data. Begin microscopy – units of measurement, magnification, grid work, LPFOV & HPFOV. Measurement with the microscope, grid work, LPFOV & HPFOV, estimating size of cells. Use of microscopes: preparing slides, handling, measuring and staining techniques. Task 7: Microscopy (5%).

Chapter 7

Experiment 7.1Experiment 7.2Cell Structure

24/7 PST Interviews 1:30pm

27/7 IMCC Athletics Carnival

5

July 30

Cell Membrane and Diffusion The currently accepted model of the cell membrane is the fluid mosaic model. The cell membrane separates the cell from its surroundings and controls the exchange of materials,

including gases, nutrients and wastes, between the cell and its environment. The cell membrane model has been continually reconceptualised and revised since the mid-nineteenth

century and the currently accepted model, based on the evidence from improved technologies, is the fluid mosaic model.

Importance of plasma membrane. Semi-permeable membranes affect movement. Internal and external environment. Plasma membrane structure (fluid mosaic model). Phospholipid bilayer, membrane proteins and cholesterol. Movement of materials across membranes occurs via

either passive or active processes.

Passive movement of materials across the membrane: Diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis (animals and

plants).

Chapter 8

The cell membrane model. p.186 Q1-5Set 8.1Experiment 8.2Experiment 8.3Set 8.2Cellular Processes

31/7 Year 11 Mass

1/8 – 3/8 Year 12 ATAR & Year 10 OED Expedition

6

Aug 6

Movement Across Membranes Using Energy

Active movement of materials across the membrane: Active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis.

Factors that affect exchange of materials across membranes include the surface area to volume ratio of the cell concentration gradients the physical and chemical nature of the materials being exchanged

Factors that affect the exchange of materials across membranes: Chemical and physical factors (size, solubility and charge) Concentration gradient. Size and shape of cells (SA:Vol). How large SA:Vol ratio increase efficiency.

Task 8: Diffusion Experiments (5%)

Identify, research and construct questions for investigation; propose hypotheses; and predict possible outcomes.

Design investigations, including the procedure(s) to be followed, the materials required, and the type and amount of primary and/or secondary data to be collected; conduct risk assessments; and consider research ethics, including animal ethics.

Conduct investigations, including microscopy techniques, real or virtual dissections and chemical analysis, safely, competently, ethically and methodically for the collection of valid and reliable data.


Interpret a range of scientific and media texts, and evaluate processes, claims and conclusions by considering the quality of available evidence; and use reasoning to construct scientific arguments.


Chapter 8

Set 8.3Case Study p.202 Q1-5.Set 8.4

Cellular Processes

7/8 Dunlea Day with Mass

8/8 Year 12 Biology Excursion

9/8 Year 11 Chemistry Excursion

9/8 Year 12 Geography Fieldwork

7

Aug 13

Enzymes Metabolism describes the sum total of the physical and chemical processes by which cell components

transform matter and energy needed to sustain life. Biochemical processes in the cell are controlled by factors, including the nature and arrangement of

internal membranes, and the presence of specific enzymes. Two models that are used to explain enzyme action are the lock and key model and the induced fit

model. Metabolism as the sum of the physical and chemical processes by which cell components transform

matter. Energy input and outputs. Anabolism / Catabolism. Enzymes are catalysts with specific role reduce activation energy. Enzymes rely on specific shape for reactions. Lock and key model. Induced fit model. Enzymes at work.

Chapter 9

Set 9.1

Cell Structure

13/8 – 16/8 Year 12 OED General Expedition

17/8 Staff Retreat

8

Aug 20

Factors That Affect Enzyme Activity Enzymes have specific functions which can be affected by factors, including temperature, pH, presence

of inhibitors, cofactors and coenzymes, concentrations of reactants and products. The use of probes technologies and computer analysis has further advanced the understandings of vital

chemical processes in cells.

Task 9: Enzyme Action (5%) Identify, research and construct questions for investigation; propose hypotheses; and predict possible

outcomes. Design investigations, including the procedure(s) to be followed, the materials required, and the type and

amount of primary and/or secondary data to be collected; conduct risk assessments; and consider research ethics, including animal ethics.

Conduct investigations, including microscopy techniques, real or virtual dissections and chemical analysis, safely, competently, ethically and methodically for the collection of valid and reliable data.




Communicate to specific audiences and for specific purposes using appropriate language, nomenclature, genres and modes, including scientific reports.

Chapter 9

Experiment 9.1Set 9.2

Cell Structure

20/8 Catholic Day

21/8 McGarry Day with Mass

22/8 Year 11 History Holocaust Centre Excursion

9

Aug 27

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

Task 10: Test on Cells, Membranes and Enzymes (5%)

Photosynthesis is a biochemical process that uses light energy to synthesise organic compounds; light dependent and light independent reactions occur at different sites in the chloroplast; and make up separate parts of the overall process that can be represented as a balanced chemical equation.

The rate of photosynthesis can be affected by the availability of light and carbon dioxide, and temperature.

Cellular respiration is a biochemical process that occurs in different locations in the cytosol and mitochondria, and metabolises organic compounds, aerobically or anaerobically, to release useable energy in the form of ATP; products of anaerobic respiration vary between organisms (plants, yeast, bacteria, animals); the overall process of aerobic respiration can be represented as a balanced chemical equation.

The rate of respiration can be affected by the availability of oxygen and glucose, and temperature.

Photosynthesis Energy ATP – ADP Photosynthesis (use light to synthesis organic compounds). Light dependent and Light independent. Location of LI and LD reactions 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

Cellular respiration Aerobic (with oxygen) Net 36ATP Location (same in animals and plants) Anaerobic (without oxygen) Net 2ATP Partial breakdown of glucose Location Production (Animal: lactic acid/ Plants: alcohol) Full breakdown of glucose: C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP

Current research for the production of food, beverages and biofuels, and the breakdown of rubbish, involves the control of cellular respiration and photosynthesis.

Chapter 9

Set 9.3Experiment 9.2Set 9.4

Plant and Animal Nutrition

27/8 Special Photo Day

OLNA Writing

29/8 – 31/8 Art Camp

10

Sep 3

Multicellular Organisms Multicellular organisms have a hierarchical structural organisation of cells, tissues, organs and systems. Unicellular to multicellular. Specialisation. Stem cells and differentiation. Levels of structural organisation in the body. Animal tissue types. Animal cell specialisation. Plant cell specialisation.

Chapter 10

Case Study p.247 Q1-5.Set 10.1Set 10.2Set 10.3Cell Structure

Cellular Processes

OLNA Literacy & Numeracy

3/9 – 7/9Year 11 OED Expedition

4/9 Drama Night

11

Sep 10

Animal Transport Systems (Circulatory and Lymphatic) In animals, the transport of materials within the internal environment for exchange with cells is facilitated

by the structure of open and closed circulatory systems according to the different metabolic requirements of organisms and differing environments.

Function of animal transport systems. Components of the animal (human) cardiovascular system i.e. the heart, blood vessels and bloods cells. Sheep heart dissection. The lymphatic system. Open and closed circulatory systems. Animal transport system comparison (Mammal, Fish, Insect Amphibian).

Ethical treatment of animals, including the three strategies of replacement, reduction and refinement, forms the basis of many international guidelines in animal research.

Chapter 11

Set 11.1Set 11.2

Internal Transport

11/9 ACC Athletics Assembly

11/9 – 14/9 Creations Art Exhibition

13/9 CPAF Carnevale

14/9 ACC Interschool Athletics

12

Sep 17

(Final week of Term 3)

Animal Transport Systems (Gas exchange, Digestion) In animals, the exchange of gases between the internal and external environments of the organism is

facilitated by the structure of the exchange surface(s), including spiracles, gills, alveoli and skin.

Animal Gas Exchange Function of animal gas exchange system. Characteristics of exchange surfaces. Discuss how different organisms on land vs water, and ectotherms vs endotherms have different

requirements & different solutions for gaining sufficient O2. How gas exchange occurs, organs involved. Rate and supply depends on metabolic demand. Different systems for different organisms (basic function): Alveoli and spiracles/trachea for terrestrial. Gills, skin and mantles for aquatic. Fish Dissection to examine gills.

In animals, the acquisition and processing of nutrients is facilitated by the structure of the digestive system; animals may have a gastrovascular cavity with one opening or a specialised alimentary canal with two openings; specialisation of alimentary canals is related to diet, for example, herbivores and carnivores.

Animal Digestion Function of digestive system to provide energy and nutrients. Digestive system and dentition (in vertebrates) related to diet. Comparison of digestive systems: herbivores, omnivores, carnivores. Mechanical and chemical digestion. In animals, the acquisition and processing of nutrients is facilitated by the structure of the digestive

system. Gastrovascular cavity versus alimentary canal. Enzymes and micro-organisms have roles in digestion.

Ethical treatment of animals, including the three strategies of replacement, reduction and refinement, forms the basis of many international guidelines in animal research.

Chapter 11

Set 11.3Set 11.4Set 11.5

Gas Exchange


18/9 Irene’s Service Learning & House Assembly

19/9 Dance Performance Night

21/9 Year 12 Mass and Final Assembly

13

Oct 8(First

week of Term 4)

Plant Transport Systems In vascular plants, transport of water and mineral nutrients from the roots occurs via xylem through root

pressure, capillary action (adhesion and cohesion of water molecules), transpiration; transport of the products of photosynthesis and some mineral nutrients occurs by translocation in the phloem.

Plant structure and function: Vascular and non-vascular plants. Composition of vascular tissue. Transport of water and nutrients from roots to leaves. Structure and function of xylem, phloem and root hair cells. Function of roots and shoots in transporting water. Factors influencing water and nutrient movement (adhesion/cohesion, transpiration). Translocation and evidence for it (Aphids).

Chapter 12



Internal Transport

8/10 Staff PD Day

9/8 Year 11 Mass

14

Oct 15

Plant Transport Systems Task 11: Test on Animal and Plant Systems (5%).

In vascular plants, gases are exchanged via stomata and the plant surface and does not involve the plant transport system.

In vascular plants, gases are exchanged via stomata and the plant surface and does not involve the plant transport system.

Stomata role in gas exchange and its structure. CO2 and O2 are exchanged independently of one another. Obtaining and transporting nutrients. Leaf structure allows for the movement of gases without a transport system. Variations in leaf structure addresses requirements of environmental differences and metabolism. Distributing products of photosynthesis.

Chapter 12



Gas Exchange

18/10 Year 11 Physics Excursion

19/10 Year 12 Graduation Mass & Assembly

15

Oct 22

Plant Adaptations Terrestrial Australian plants are adapted to minimise water loss in an arid environment Arid environment - low water availability and extremes of temperatures.Structural adaptations Overall shape of plant. Shape of leaves. Leaf coverings and colour.Physiological adaptations Leaf rolling or angle to the sun. Stomatal opening times. Impact on metabolism and growth rates.


Environment and Adaptation

16

Oct 29

Scientific Method Planning your investigation. Experimental technique. Collecting and analysing data. Mathematics (Basic, %, x/x, X:X, scientific notation, ∆≈<>, mean, median, IQR) Graphing. Scientific reports.

Task 12: Photosynthesis and Respiration.




Communicate to specific audiences and for specific purposes using appropriate language, nomenclature, genres and modes, including scientific reports.

Chapter 13

Skills in Biology

17

Nov 5

Revision for Semester One Examination

Chapter Review Questions Chapters All.

9/11 Year 11 Mass & Conclude

18

Nov 12

Task 13: Semester Two Exam (25%).Semester Two Examination Period

19

Nov 19

Task 13: Semester Two Exam (25%).Semester Two Examination Period

Documents

YEAR 11 BIOLOGY ATAR COURSE PROGRAM 2018 · Web viewYEAR 11 BIOLOGY ATAR COURSE PROGRAM 2018 Unit 1 – Ecosystems and Biodiversity SEMESTER ONE: Thurs day 1 st February to Fri day