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YEAR 9 SCIENCE
UNIT 3 – LIGHT & SIGHT
Week Session
Activity Page
1 1 Brainstorm topic & they choose curriculumIntroduce research topic Below
2+3 Reflection/Refraction research assignment – book comps
4 Reflection/Refraction research assignment – book library
2 1 Reflection/Refraction research assignment2+3 Prac – Activities 1-3 1294 Reflection/Refraction research assignment –
book library3 1 Reflection/Refraction research assignment
2+3 Prac – Investigating lenses PART AOver to you questions - all
133134
4 Reflection/Refraction research assignment – book library
4 1 Optical illusions Below2+3 Prac – Build an optical device
OR – Investigating your sight worksheet127PDF
4 Eye understanding & Over to you questions 1385 1 Eye problems & disease research Below
2+3 Eye problems & disease research4 Video – The eye
6 1 Vision Activity Desktop
2+3 Prac – Eye Dissection4 Colour
7 1 Colour2+3 Quiz & Revision 1354 Revision
8 1 Test2+3 FORENSIC 1404 FORENSIC
9 1 FORENSIC2+3 FORENSIC4 FORENSIC
10 1 FORENSIC2+3 FORENSIC4 FORENSIC
STUDENT INFORMATIONIn Year 9 Science, we study the following topics:
Term 1: Atoms, polymers and plasticsTerm 2: The digestive and nervous system including the brainTerm 3: LightTerm 4: Earth
You will be assessed on the following skills, habits and outcomes:
Listens and follows instructions Contributes to discussion and activities Works co-operatively when required Works independently when required Asks for help when needed Completes set tasks and homework Works safely and effectively during practicals Brings correct materials to class
Materials you will need to bring to class:
Garton, A., Williamson, K. 2005. Science for Life 9. Macmillan Education, Australia.
Folder or exercise book Pens, greyleads, rulers, erasers, etc
Layout for Science folder:
Put the date for each class Use different colored pens and clearly title the chapters of
workI.e. USEFUL MATERIALS
2.1 Carbon Compounds Do drawings in greylead – do clear drawings not sketches These will be your notes to help you study when it comes
to test time If you miss a class come to me to get a copy of the notes
Grades will be given for the following:
1. Practical Reports
2. Research and Assignments3. Tests
1. Practical Reports
Students will be required to write practical reports at the completion of any practical done. The way they should be written up and assessed is as follows:
Assessment Title: Copy from text book /1 Aim: Copy from text book /1
Method"Refer to <title of prac>, pages <pages of prac>" /1
Results Use pencil for all drawings (1/2) Tables neat and clear (1/2)
Answer questions relating to results (2) /3
Discussion Relate results back to theory (1)
Answer questions relating to discussion (2)
Did the prac work? Why/why not? (1) /4 Total /10* Don’t write out the questions - write answers with the questions in them * Use a different color pen for title and sub headings
2. Research and Assignments
Students will be given research and assignment tasks to complete on a variety of science topics throughout the year. These can be either written or oral assignments. The way they are presented will vary with the assignments but assessment will be as follows:
Effective research and answers to questions /10An appropriate amount of information about the topic /5Sentences written and/or spoken in their own language /5Creative, attractive and effective visual/oral /5
presentationCorrect referencing and use of resources - bibliography /5
Total /30
3. Tests
Tests will be given at the end of a topic. At least 2 revision lessons will be given prior to the test, and at least a weeks notice on when the test will be given. Assessment will be determined on the test.
HOMEWORK SHEET
TOPIC: LIGHT AND SIGHTVerbal-Linguistic
Logical-Mathematical
Visual-Spatial
Bodily-Kinesthetic
Musical-Rhythmic
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Naturalist
Remembering
Do an A-Z of words about the topic ORFind 10 dictionary meanings
Gather pictures on the topic. How many ways can you group them
Do a poster displaying pictures on the topic
Mime an area of the topic
Find songs with the topic as its feature
Try and explain the topic to someone
Start a learning log about the topic including what you want to find more about
Record how people & animals use the topic differently
Understanding
How would you describe the topic to someone from outer space?
Draw the different areas of the topic
Make a model of the topic
Role-play an area of the topic
How is the topic related to noise? How are the body parts connected?
Work with a friend to find out about the topic
Research an area of the topic
Why do you think different types can be found in different places?
Applying Make up a ‘What am I?’ game on the topic
Make a board game on the topic
Use a picture on the topic and make a jigsaw
Act out an area of the topic
Make an audio tape of what the topic might sound like
With a friend, make a model of the topic
How is the topic related to you? Explain in detail.
Record examples of people & animals that use the topic differently
Analysing What are some similarities and differences on this topic?
Survey people on the topic. Draw a graph of your findings
Draw a diagram of the topic and label each part
Make plasticine parts on the topic
Sort pictures of the topic according to the noises they make
Work with a partner and decide what made the model you studied a good one
Analyse the brain and nervous system you have. How would you do this?
What precautions should you take when studying the topic out in the environment?
Evaluating List 5 things you think are most important on the topic
In your opinion, which area of the topic is the most useful? Give many reasons for
Paint a poster showing your feelings about the topic
Suggest five reasons why you think your design on the topic is a good one
What do you think about the audio tape you made? What do you think makes it special?
Have a debate with a friend about an issue on the topic
Describe how you feel with the brain and nervous system you have
Should specimens be taken from the environment and kept in collections? Why?
your selection
Creating Create a story on the topic
Write down some ways that people may use their sight. Create a new or unusual method
Design a new stamp with the topic being the theme
Use plasticine to create a new eye of your own design
Create a title and cover design for the audio tape you made earlier
Work with a partner in creating a new design of the topic
Write a story about a day in the life of your eye
Create a play about the topic and how it has an important place in nature
HOMEWORK RECORD:DATE TOPIC TEACHERS COMMENT
Explain topics within chapter & they determine curriculum.
Topics:
Reflections & mirrorsRefraction & lenses
Eyes & sightEye problems & diseases
Light & colorLight waves
Careers in light & lenses
They may come up with something else so can blend that in if suitable
NAME: __________________________ Due date: ____________
Light research projectYou will be presenting results as a poster or PowerPoint presentation.
Information can be found on pages 128 – 133 in ‘Science for Life 9’. I want you to further this information with internet and library resources.
You will be given 6 sessions to complete this research project.
Part 1: INTRODUCTION
Answer the following questions:1. What is light? How does it travel through different materials?
In a table classify the following objects as being transparent, translucent or opaque:
Air, aluminum foil, cloud, contact lens, glass beaker, greaseproof paper, leather jacket, lemonade, mirror, nylon stocking, orange juice, plastic wrap
2. What is the difference between a mirror and lens?
Part 2: reflection & mirrors
3. What is the ‘Law of Reflection’? Discuss in detail using an example and picture.
4. Discuss the difference of reflection on both smooth and rough surfaces. Provide examples of what these surfaces could be.
5. At the hairdresser you look at the back of your head by looking in the mirror in front of you while the hairdresser holds a mirror behind you. Using your new knowledge on reflection and a) draw a diagram showing how this works (tracing the
path of a light ray from the back of your head to your eyes)
b) describe in writing why it works this way6. What is a concave and convex mirror? Where would we find
them and what use do they have?
Part 3: Refraction & lenses
7. What is refraction? Discuss in detail using an example and picture.
8. What is the refractive index?
Part 4: ADDITIONAL CONCEPTS
9. Explain the term total internal reflection.10. Explain what an optical fibre is.
RESEARCH PROJECT ASSESSMENT
Effective research and answers to questions /10An appropriate amount of information about the topic /5Sentences written and/or spoken in their own language /5Creative, attractive and effective visual/oral presentation /5Correct referencing and use of resources - bibliography /5
Total /30
Rubric for marksMarks awarded depending on how many questions. Marked as follows:Answer incorrect.
0 marksAnswer partially correct.
Half marks
Answer correct.Full marks
Didn’t use the text book. Used only their knowledge and gave short answers to questions.
1 mark
Used some information from the text book. But only gave short answers to questions with some inaccuracy.
2 marks
Used some information from the text book. But only gave short answers.
3 marks
Used the text book and other sources but only gave short answers.
4 marks
Used the text book and other sources. Provided additional descriptions about the topic not found in the text book.
5 marksParagraphs & sentences copied from the sources.
1 mark
Paragraphs & sentences copied from the sources and rearranged.
Sentences copied from the source with own language used intermittently.
Majority of work written in own language but still has occasional sentence
Used key words from sources but clearly wrote information in their own language.
2 marks3 marks
copied.4 marks
5 marks
Messy. Showing no interest in presentation.
1 mark
Attempted to achieve an attractive, neat and tidy presentation but uses no pictures and images.
2 marks
Attempted to achieve an attractive, neat and tidy presentation using pictures and images.
3 marks
Neat and tidy but uses no pictures and images to discuss concepts.
4 marks
Neat and tidy. Using pictures and images to discuss ideas and concepts.
5 marks
*You do not loose marks for handwriting or typing your project.No attempt at a bibliography.
1mark
Only text book cited
with no additional resources.
2 marks
Title of book and
web address shown.
3 marks
Some attempt made at a bibliography with wrong information shown.
4 marks
Author, year and title of book. Date and address for websites shown.
5 marks
PRACTICALS
Over the next three weeks we will spend time researching your assignment. During the double sessions we will be completing a number of experiments. REMEMBER these all need to be written up as practical reports including:TitleAimMethodResultDiscussion
The practicals we will be doing are:
Week 2:Page 128- 129 Activity 1, 2 & 3.
Week 3:Page 133 Investigation 1
Week 4:Page 127 Model: Building an optical deviceYOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO BRING YOUR OWN EQUIPMENT TO THIS CLASS DEPENDING ON WHAT DEVICE YOU WANT TO MAKE. PLEASE
READ THIS PRAC PRIOR TO THE LESSON SO YOU CAN ORGANISE YOURSELF.
DEVICE YOU WILL BE BUILDING:
______________________________________________________________
Equipment needed & written in diary - signed by teacher:
______________________________________________________________
Assessment Title: Copy from text book /1Aim: Yours of copy from the teacher /1Method Describe what you did /1Results Use pencil for all drawings (1/2) Tables neat and clear (1/2)
Answer questions relating to results (2) /3
Discussion Relate results back to theory (1)
Answer questions relating to discussion (2)
Did the prac work? Why/why not? (1) /4 Total /10* Don’t write out the questions - write answers with the questions in them * Use a different color pen for title and sub headings
GLOSSARY
LIGHTsomething that makes things visible or affords illumination: All colors depend on light.LUMINOUS1. Radiating or reflecting light; shining; bright. 2. Lighted up or illuminated; well-lighted: the luminous ballroom. TRANSPARENTrays of light go through the object: Clear glass windowTRANSLUCENTlight can pass through but diffusing it so that persons, objects, etc., on the opposite side are not clearly visible: Frosted window glass is translucent but not transparent.
OPAQUEnot transparent or translucent; light does not pass through.REFLECTIONthe return of light, heat, sound, etc., after striking a surface.LAW OF REFLECTIONthe principle that when a ray of light, radar pulse, or the like, is reflected from a smooth surface the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence, and the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane.MIRRORa reflecting surface, originally of polished metal but now usually of glass with a silvery, metallic, or amalgam backingCONCAVEcurved like a segment of the interior of a circle or hollow sphereCONVEXhaving a surface that is curved or rounded outward.REFRACTIONThe bending of light as it travels at an angle from one transparent substance to anotherLENSa piece of transparent substance, usually glass, having two opposite surfaces either both curved or one curved and one plane, used in an optical device in changing the convergence of light rays, as for magnification, or in correcting defects of visionREFRACTION INDEXA number which tells you how much light bends going from air into a transparent substance such as glassMIRAGEAn optical illusion, esp. in the desert or at sea, by which the image of some object appears displaced above, below, or to one side of its true position as a result of spatial variations of the index of refraction
LIGHT & SIGHT CROSSWORD1
2
3 Wordbank:
blind-spot
- coloursconvex
4 cornea5 Focus
6 incidence7 iris
lensesmirrorspupil
8 refraction
retina9 transluce
nttranspare
nt10 11
12
13
QUESTIONSACROSS DOWN3. Frosted glass used in shower screens are said to be ____.5. Mirrors may be flat, concave, or ?
1. Eye problems such as short-sight and long-sight can be corrected with ____ or contact lenses.
7. An image is focused onto the ____ at the back of your eye.
2. Where the optic nerve enters the eye.
8. The hole that allows light to enter the eye is called the ____.
4. The bending of light as it passes from one substance to another at an angle is called ____.
9. The ____ and lens in your eyes help bend the light.
6. When light reflects from a mirror the angle of ____ is
equal to the angle of reflection.
10. Images form in ____ because light is reflected from their smooth surfaces.
9. White light is a mixture of different _____, like a rainbow.
12. Materials like glass that allow light to pass through them are said to be ____.
11. The coloured part of the eye is called the _____.
13. The point where all the light rays pass through.
LIGHT findword
S P E C T R U M M S P L I T VT A B G C D E S F G H X I J IR K V L A M I N O P B E A M TA Q I R S R F T N U V V W X RN Y B Z P A I E O I E N O U ES I G S B E L M I R R O R A OP O Y O R U T A T B C C E D UA A O P O T E J C E I H G F SR K R T S H R K E L L M N O DE V U I B G T S L R Q G G P IN W X C A I L E F Y Z A N L ST R A N S L U C E N T B I A PA E W E W U A C R E D P R R EQ T H R O M L O C E U R E U RE I I V B I W N S P F O T O SO N T E N N S C W O R R T L IU A E F I O P A Q U E D A O OS H G E A U L V D C B A C C NI P J K R S L E M N E A S T TR C T N E D I C N I X Y W V UI C O R N E A Z Y S C L E R A
WORDS
LIGHT BEAM PRISMLUMINOUS RAYS ANGLETRANSPARENT SCATTERING INCIDENTTRANSLUCENT SCLERA RAINBOWOPAQUE OPTIC NERVE COLOURREFLECTION RETINA DISPERSIONMIRROR AQUEOUS SPECTRUMCONCAVE PUPIL WHITECONVEX CORNEA ABSORB
REFRACT IRIS FILTERLENS EYE SPLITMIRAGE VITREOUS ROYGBIV
OPTICAL ILLUSIONS
Access the website:
http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/
Summarise in 4 sentences as to what the optical illusion was.
UNDERSTANDING OUR EYES
Science for Life 9Reading and labeled diagram from text book
conditions, disorders & DISEASE
1) Research any eye problem or disease you are interested in. 2) You will make an A4 poster on your interested area and,3) Give a 5 minute talk to the class on your topic.
Chose your own or here are some examples: Long sight and Short sight Contact lenses Colour blindness Laser eye surgery Cateracts Fred Hollows Blindness Glaucoma Cogan's Dystrophy Keratoconus Ptosis Conjunctivitis
Questions you may like to answer include the What, How, When, Where and Why?How would you like this task to be assessed? We will discuss this in class.
Label the Eye Diagram Read the definitions, label the parts, then label the eye anatomy diagram.
Wordbank: Cornea Iris LensOptic nerve Pupil RetinaVitreous fluid
_______________ a thick, transparent liquid that fills the center of the eye - it is mostly water and gives the eye its form and shape (also called the vitreous humor)_______________ the clear, dome-shaped tissue covering the front of the eye. _______________ sensory tissue that lines the back of the eye. It contains millions of photoreceptors (rods and cones) that convert light rays into electrical impulses that are relayed to the brain via the optic nerve _______________ a crystalline structure located just behind the iris - it focuses light onto the retina _______________ the nerve that transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the brain_______________ the colored part of the eye - it controls the amount of light that enters the eye by changing the size of the pupil _______________ the opening in the center of the iris- it changes size as the amount of light changes (the more light, the smaller the hole)
Make up 2 of your own definitions about the eye (don’t forget to add to the wordbank and draw it in on the eye)1.
2.
Crossword/findword:__________________________________
Words/Questions
EYE DISSECTIONDissection is not a mandatory activity. If you would prefer to do an alternative activity, that is your choice. Come and see me to discuss your options. It is also possible to observe the dissection without actually performing it. If you choose to observe, join up with students who are dissecting and you will be evaluated the same way.
This dissection is an assessment task. You will be assessed on:
1. Your practical dissection2. Your practical report write-up
MATERIALS:1 Sheep or bull’s eye 1 tray or board1 pair of scissors Newspaper1 forcep
PROCEDURE:1. COLLECT EQUIPMENT & RETURN TO YOUR BENCH
2. WHOLE EYE Examine the intact eye and draw it. Identify and
describe in writing the following structures: optic nerve, attachments for the eye muscles, sclera.
3. CORNEA Using scissors and forceps, remove the cornea by
carefully cutting around the border between it and the sclera.
Draw the cornea and describe it in words. What is released when the cornea is removed?
Describe this substance. What is the function of the cornea?
4. IRIS AND PUPIL Describe the pupil Pick up the iris using forceps and fingers.
Carefully pull the iris away from the sclera. Draw and describe the iris. What is the function of the iris and pupil?
5. LENS Carefully break off or cut the ligaments which hold
the lens in place. Remove the lens. Draw and describe the lens. What is the function of the lens?
6. RETINA
Remove the vitreous humour by carefully squeezing the eye.
Describe the vitreous humour substance.
7. LISTEN TO INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO CLEAN UP
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Dissection EvaluationQuality of dissection (well executed, specimen in good shape)
Attitude and appropriate laboratory behaviour
Marks/3/3
Report write-up – what to include and questions to answer MarksTitleAim /1Risk Assessment /1Apparatus /1Method /2Results 1. 4 Drawings
2. Table of descriptions/4/2
Discussion Answers to the questions /5Conclusion /3Presentation & Bibliography /5
TOTAL MARK /30
Name______________________
Science ReportTitle: _________________________________________________________Date:
_________________________________________________________Partner/s: _________________________________________________________
Aim: What are you trying to find out or why you did these experiments.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Risk Assessment and Planning: What risks may there be? What precautions should you take?
Risk Precaution
Apparatus: List all the materials and equipment you used.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Method: What was done in order – explain step by step what you did.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Results:Record all the information, observations and results you obtained. Use tables and graphs if necessary. Drawings should be in pencil and can be done on the last page.Drawings required:
Intact eye (before dissection) Cornea Iris Lens
Part DescriptionOptic nerveAttachments for the eye muscleScleraCorneaPupilIrisLens
Discussion: Answer the following questions.What is released when the cornea is removed? Describe the substance. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What is the function of the cornea?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What is the function of the iris?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What is the function of the pupil?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Look through the lens at some printed material, what do you observe?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Conclusions: Explain what your findings were.
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Bibliography:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Results (drawings):
VISION ACTIVITY
On Desktop:Global Public Yr 9 Science Vision Folder object.html
1. Read the information2. Take notes for these sections:
a. Parts of the eyeb. Shine a torch in Sari’s eyec. Yukky bitsd. Protecting your eyese. Eye testsf. Colour Blindness
3. Take the quiz & show me your result /10
