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Yokogawa Corporation of America
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Digital Sensor Technology
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
DPharp DIGITAL FAMILY™
Draft Range and Differential Pressure
Low Flow w/Integral Orifice
Differential and Gauge
Pressure w/RemoteDiaphragm Seals
Liquid Levelw//Flush and/or Extended
Diaphragm Seals
Absolute and Gauge Pressure
High Static andGauge Pressure
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Variable CapacitancePressure Sensor
Pressure Portwith Fill Fluid
Electrodes to Sensor
HermeticGlass Seal
Metallic Capacitance Sensor
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Piezoresistance Sensor
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Vacuum
Digital Sensor Design
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Compression BridgeTension Bridge
2. Pressure is appliedto silicon substrate
1. Two ‘H’ shaped bridges resonating
@ 90 kHz are located in a silicon substrate
3. Due to their position and exact
depth on the substrate one bridge goes into tension and the other
into compression
4. As pressure is appliedchanges from 90-110 kHz and the compression bridge fromfrequency of the tension bridge90-70 kHz.
5. To obtain differential outputthe microprocessor simply countsthe change in bridge frequencies
depth
110
90
70
kHz
Resonant Silicon Sensor Bi-directional Operation
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 50 100 150 200
fc
fr
Resonant Sensor Differential Frequency Output of a Resonant Sensor
40 KHz
Pressure
Pressure (inH20)
Freq.(kHZ)
naturalresonant frequency
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Resonant Sensor Technology Advantages
Inherently Digital Output– Frequency Signal– No A/D Conversion Errors– Pressure Transmitter Reranging Errors
Eliminated
Large Change in Output – Excellent Resolution – Frequency Counter Resolution > 18 Bit ( 1:262 K
)– Frequency Counter TPE < 100 ppm
Silicon Resonator– Minimal Hysteresis– Minimal Temperature Coefficient
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
@ 20:1 @ 10:1 @ URL
Cap.
Piezo R.
Res. Si
Signal Output (Logarithmic scale)
Turndown
Sensor O/P Change Vs Turndown
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
% E J A 1 1 0 D i f f C a p .0 0 . 0 0 5 0 . 0 2 5
2 5 0 . 0 1 5 - 0 . 0 1 25 0 0 . 0 0 3 - 0 . 0 1 87 5 0 . 0 0 8 - 0 . 0 4 0
1 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 - 0 . 0 4 07 5 0 . 0 0 8 - 0 . 0 1 35 0 0 . 0 0 5 - 0 . 0 0 52 5 0 . 0 1 0 - 0 . 0 1 70 0 . 0 0 5 0 . 0 0 0
A v e 0 . 0 0 3 - 0 . 0 1 3
R e f e r e n c e A c c u r a c y 0 t o 2 0 0 " H 2 O
- 0 . 0 5 0
- 0 . 0 4 0
- 0 . 0 3 0
- 0 . 0 2 0
- 0 . 0 1 0
0 . 0 0 0
0 . 0 1 0
0 . 0 2 0
0 . 0 3 0
0 . 0 4 0
0 . 0 5 0
0 2 5 5 0 7 5 1 0 0 1 2 5
% I n p u t
%Erro
r
Outp
ut
S u p e r i o r R eS u p e r i o r R e -- r a n g e P e r f o r m a n c er a n g e P e r f o r m a n c eE J A s e r i e s v s . ‘ f r e e f l o a t i n g ’ d i f f e r e n t i a l c a p a c i t a n c e
C a p a c it a n c e
E J A S e r ie s
u p s c a le / d o w n s c a le o u tp u t s
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
A/D D/ACPU
4-20 mA TRIM
Analog Signal From Sensor
DigitalConversion To CPU
AnalogSignalOut
Digital Signal ToConverter
Improved I/O Characteristics -Eliminate ‘Trim’
Analog signal from sensor is converted to digital signal for CPU processing.
CPU samples input and performs linearization and temperature/pressure characterizations.
CPU output is converted to analog signal for 4-20 mA.Errors between CPU input and D/A converter output result due to poor
resolution between signals .4-20 mA ‘TRIM’ is required as a result.
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
DPharp Fieldbus Sensor
WorkstationWorkstation
Controller
Fieldbus InterfaceFieldbus Interface
Future Field Control System (FCS)
4-20 mA
Today’sSensorScheme
Other field devices
Fieldbus eliminatesthe need for I/O
DigitalSensorScheme
DPharp eliminates the need for A/D
A/D A/D
FIELDBUS
D/AD/A
MicroprocessorMicroprocessor
A/DA/DA/D
SensorSensor
MicroprocessorMicroprocessor
A/DA/DA/D
SensorSensor
Fieldbus InterfaceFieldbus Interface
MicroprocessorMicroprocessor
A/DSensorSensor
WorkstationWorkstation
Analog SensorScheme
DCS vs. Field Control System
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
DPharp EJA Series CapsuleExploded View
1-Piece Capsule BodyConstruction
Overpressure Diaphragm Low-volume
Insert
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Superior Transmitter Design
Teflon CoatedS.S. Gasket
Overpressure Diaphragm
Digital harpSensor
Universal EJA Electronics
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Over Pressure Effects are EliminatedOver Pressure Effects are Eliminated
CapsuleBody
Low-volume Insert
OverpressureDiaphragm
ElectronBeam Weld
45o
3
2
1WELDAREA
WELD
Convolutions
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Calibration Shift with 2000 PSI Over-range
0 to 200 " H2O Span
-1.000
-0.500
0.000
0.500
1.000
0 25 50 75 100
% Input
%C
ha
ng
e
Ou
tpu
t
Superior Over-pressure PerformanceEJA Series vs. ‘Free Floating’ Differential Capacitance
Diff. Capacitance
EJA Series
Zero Shift
upscale/down scale outputs
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
GlassIsolator
Chip
Header
HP Fluid Pressure
LP Fluid Pressure
CapsuleBody
Thermally Isolated SensorAway From the Process
1. “harp’ sensor located in neckof capsule body
isolated from process
IsolationDiaphragm(s) 2. HP and LP pressures
are transferred from theisolation diaphragm tothe sensor via internally machined low volume fluid passages.
Process temperature isolation Process pressure isolation
P1
LP= P2
HP= P1
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Standard PerformanceBenefits of the harp Technology
0.075% AccuracyHigh accuracy, High resolution
No overpressure effect0.03% URL per 2300 psi
Five Year Stability0.1% URL per 5 years
Fewer Calibrations100:1 TurndownIndustry Canada Approval
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Influences on Stability
Ambient temperature
Differential pressure cycles
Static pressure cycles
Overpressure events
Hysteresis is the root cause of many drift related symptoms
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Competitive stability guarantyStatic pressure (PSI)
Temperature(deg F)
Over pressure (PSI)
185-40
2300
2300
Limit conditions to meet their stability specification!
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Yokogawa’s stability guaranty
Static pressure (PSI)
Temperature(deg F)
Over pressure (PSI)
185-40
2300
2300
Under all conditions
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
YOKOGAWA
Competitor ‘A’
Competitor ‘B’
Force Balance
Pneumatic
Capacitance
Analog
Analog
Piezoresistive
Analog
Silicon Resonant
Digital
1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s
Analog
Digital Paradigms - 80’s & 90’s Sensor History by Leading Suppliers
Future
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
EJA110AEJA110ADifferential Pressure Transmitter
Accuracy: ±0.075%
Stability: ±0.1% URL 5 Years
Turndown: 100:1
Capsule design virtually eliminates hysteresis
Span: from 2 to 2000 inH2O
Warranty: 3 years (2-year on-site + 1 year return to factory)
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
EJA115EJA115Low flow transmitter with integral flow orifice assembly
Integral orifice assembly
Low flow customizing for improved control
Capsule design virtually eliminates hysteresis
Span: from 4 to 830 inH2O (10 to 20339 scfh)
Warranty: 3 years (2-year on-site + 1 year return to factory)
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
EJA118N, W, &YEJA118N, W, &YDifferential pressure with remote flush, extended or combination diaphragm seals
Auto level set-up eliminates elevation and suppression calculations
3 in. 150-600 lb. flush diaphragm configuration
4 in. 150-300 lb. extended diaphragm configuration
Combination of flush & extended diaphragms
Span: from 10 to 2000 inH2O
Warranty: 3 years (2-year on-site + 1 year return to factory)
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
EJA220AEJA220A Flange mounted liquid level transmitter (extended diaphragm)
Auto level set-up eliminates elevation and suppression calculations
4 in. 150-300 lb. extended diaphragm configuration
Measurement ranges: from 10 to 2000 psi
Warranty: 3 years (2-year on-site + 1 year return to factory)
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
EJA530/510ALow Cost Gauge/Absolute pressure transmitter
Key Features1/2” NPT Male or Female
bottom connectAllows various seals and Tri-clamp connectionAccuracy. 20% Span.075 % HAC optionCompetitively Priced HARP Pressure SensorMeasurement Ranges from 1.5 psi
to 10,000psi
Yokogawa Corporation of America
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Diagnostics and Diagnostics and MaintenanceMaintenance
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Multi-Sensing With Diagnostics ‘Event’ MemoryMulti-Sensing With Diagnostics ‘Event’ MemoryTransmitter health monitoring capability
Thermistor Thermistor harp sensor
Amp. Temp. Caps. Temp. Line Press. Diff. Press.
‘Event’ Buffer
Diagnostics
Sensor Function Benefit Memory
Measured Variable Trip Point Diagnostic
Static Pressure LRVHRV
Upset, Excessive Flow,Plugging
Gage Pressure LRVHRV
Upset, High/Low Pressure,Plugging
Capsule Temp -50 to 130C High/Low Process Temp
Amplifier Temp -50 to 95C High/Low Ambient Temp
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Bi Directional FlowBi Directional FlowReduced design costs
User calibrates 0 to 100” wc 12 - 20mA Forward Flow / 4 - 12 mA Reverse Flow
Eliminates the need for 2 transmitters Simplifies setup All custom flow functions apply
4 mA
20 mA4-20 mA Output
Linear Square Root
NormalReverse
Conventional type
ForNormal
Flow
ForReverse
Flow
H L L H
EJA
H L
E30: Bi Dire Mode
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Electronic Re-PipingElectronic Re-PipingStart-up and maintenance costs
D45: H/L SWAPD45: H/L SWAP
Reduces start up time by allowing the user to correct for piping mistakes in the fielduntil it’s cost-effective to re-pipe
EJA
H L
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Flow CustomizingFlow Customizing
D10: Low Cut and D11: D10: Low Cut and D11: ModeMode
Drop Out mode adds stability to the lower 20% flow.
50
20
050(%)
Input
Low Cut @ 20%
(%) (%)
50
20
0 50(%)
Low Cut @ 20%
Input
Low Cut Mode “LINEAR” Low Cut Mode “ZERO”
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
EJA with Auto Level
Eliminates physics involved with level setupFlat bench zero and spanActual height of fluid is not required for installation and calibration of tank levelZero offset does not affect spanAccuracy of Instrument not affectedSliding window effect with EJA
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Local site glass adjustmentto any known point
No re-calibration
No need for hand-held
Smart local field adjustmentsSmart local field adjustmentsPrecision 0.01% digital encoder
Digital encoder with ramp function
15%
sight glass
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Digital Sensor Technology
The Future is here today !
Digital harpSensor
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric
Visit us on our website
WWW.US.Yokogawa.COM
Yokogawa Corporation of America
Copyright © Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Thank You