You have 5 min…ask three peopleYou have 5 min…ask three people

““What is the first thought that comes to What is the first thought that comes to mind when they hear the word mind when they hear the word drugdrug?”?”

Medicines and drugsMedicines and drugs

How many responses referred to How many responses referred to medicines?medicines?

How many referred to illicit drugs?How many referred to illicit drugs?

DefinitionsDefinitions

MedicineMedicine- drugs that are used to treat or - drugs that are used to treat or prevent disease or other conditions. prevent disease or other conditions.

DrugsDrugs- substances other than food that - substances other than food that change the structure or function of the change the structure or function of the body or mind. body or mind. All medicines are drugs but not all drugs are All medicines are drugs but not all drugs are

medicines.medicines.

MedicinesMedicines

Four Broad GroupsFour Broad Groups Help prevent diseaseHelp prevent disease Fight pathogens or infectious Fight pathogens or infectious

agents that cause disease.agents that cause disease. Relieve painRelieve pain Help maintain or restore health and Help maintain or restore health and

regulate the body’s systems.regulate the body’s systems.

1.Medicines that help prevent 1.Medicines that help prevent diseasedisease

Vaccines- a preparation introduced into Vaccines- a preparation introduced into the body to stimulate an immune response the body to stimulate an immune response (antibodies).(antibodies).

Antitoxins- extracts of blood fluids that Antitoxins- extracts of blood fluids that contain antibodies. (tetanus) contain antibodies. (tetanus)

2.Medicines that fight pathogens2.Medicines that fight pathogens

Antibiotics-work by killing harmful bacteria Antibiotics-work by killing harmful bacteria in the body, or preventing it from in the body, or preventing it from reproducing. Bacteria can mutate so that reproducing. Bacteria can mutate so that it is no longer affected by the antibiotic.it is no longer affected by the antibiotic.

Antivirals-Antivirals-

AntifungalsAntifungals

3.Medicines that Relieve Pain3.Medicines that Relieve Pain

Analgesics- range from asprin to morphineAnalgesics- range from asprin to morphine Acetylsalicylic acidAcetylsalicylic acid AcetaminophenAcetaminophen IbuprofenIbuprofen

4.Medicines that Promote Health4.Medicines that Promote Health

-maintain or restore health, enable many people -maintain or restore health, enable many people with chronic disease to function at an increased with chronic disease to function at an increased level of wellnesslevel of wellness

Allergy MedicinesAllergy Medicines

Body regulating Medicines (insulin, Body regulating Medicines (insulin, inhalers, cardiovascular med.)inhalers, cardiovascular med.)

Antidepressant and AntipsychoticAntidepressant and Antipsychotic

Cancer TreatmentCancer Treatment

Medicines and the BodyMedicines and the BodyMeds mix with the chemicals in the body Meds mix with the chemicals in the body

Side Effects-Side Effects- reaction to medicine other than reaction to medicine other than the one intended.the one intended.

Patients should always tell dr. about other meds they are Patients should always tell dr. about other meds they are taking.taking.

Additive interaction- medicines work together in a Additive interaction- medicines work together in a positive waypositive way

Synergistic Effect- interaction of two meds that results Synergistic Effect- interaction of two meds that results in a greater effect than when taken alonein a greater effect than when taken alone

Antagonistic interaction- effect of one med is canceled Antagonistic interaction- effect of one med is canceled or reduced when taken with another. or reduced when taken with another.

ProblemsProblems

ToleranceTolerance Body becomes use to the effectsBody becomes use to the effects

WithdrawalWithdrawal Occurs when a person stops using a medicine Occurs when a person stops using a medicine

on which he or she has a chemical on which he or she has a chemical dependencedependence

Symptoms include nervousness, insomnia, severe Symptoms include nervousness, insomnia, severe headaches, vomiting, chills, cramps headaches, vomiting, chills, cramps

Medicine SafetyMedicine Safety

To minimize risks to the public, the federal To minimize risks to the public, the federal gov. has established laws and policies for gov. has established laws and policies for testing and approving new med. testing and approving new med.

FDA (food and drug administration) all FDA (food and drug administration) all meds in US must meet standards set.meds in US must meet standards set. Chemical composition, intended use, effects, Chemical composition, intended use, effects,

possible side effectspossible side effects Then they decide how med. Will be released Then they decide how med. Will be released

to public.to public.

Prescription meds.- FDA has ruled can Prescription meds.- FDA has ruled can only be used with the written approval of only be used with the written approval of licensed physician. licensed physician.

Over the counter (OTC)- FDA has stated Over the counter (OTC)- FDA has stated that it is safe to use these with out medical that it is safe to use these with out medical supervision if supervision if used properlyused properly..

GuidelinesGuidelines

Keep medicine in the container in which it Keep medicine in the container in which it was packagedwas packaged

Store medicines in safe place out of reach Store medicines in safe place out of reach of childrenof children

Never disable child-resistant capNever disable child-resistant cap

Flush down the toilet any medicines that Flush down the toilet any medicines that have passed their expiration date.have passed their expiration date.