Assessment of environmental estrogeAssessment of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish healns on commercial species of fish health and their habitat in mariculture areth and their habitat in mariculture areas in southern Fujian, China and XXXas in southern Fujian, China and XXXX, USAX, USA

Yusheng ZHANGYusheng ZHANGThird Institute of OceanographyThird Institute of Oceanography

State Oceanic Administration, ChinaState Oceanic Administration, ChinaJune 13, 2011June 13, 2011

OutlineOutline1. Background1. Background

2. Objective 2. Objective

3. Research Content 3. Research Content

4. Annual Work Plan 4. Annual Work Plan

5. Expected Results5. Expected Results

1. Background1. Background

EEsEEs Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are a grouEndocrine disruptors (EDs) are a group of structurally diverse compounds tp of structurally diverse compounds that may adversely affect the health of hat may adversely affect the health of humans, wildlife, or their progenies by humans, wildlife, or their progenies by interaction with the endocrine system.interaction with the endocrine system. EDs e.g. EEs (environmental estrogenEDs e.g. EEs (environmental estrogens) or EDCs (endocrine disrupting comps) or EDCs (endocrine disrupting compounds).ounds).

Where are EEs from?Where are EEs from?(1) (1) Air source: Air source: wastewaste burning; industrial leakage; burning; industrial leakage;

building material and furniture volatile building material and furniture volatile commodity; commodity;

(2) Water source: industrial waste water, sewage, r(2) Water source: industrial waste water, sewage, rainwater etc;ainwater etc;

(3) Food source: contaminated food with pesticide(3) Food source: contaminated food with pesticides, food additives, preservatives etc;s, food additives, preservatives etc;

(4) soil source (4) soil source ：： industrial and agricultural activiindustrial and agricultural activities.ties.

Major abnormal function of EEMajor abnormal function of EEs s animal reproductive organs, animal reproductive organs,

reproductive function and reproductive function and reproductive behavior, metabolic reproductive behavior, metabolic disorders etc.disorders etc.

How many kinds of EEs? How many kinds of EEs? (1)(1)..

How many kinds of EEs? How many kinds of EEs? (2)(2) about 70 kinds: several heavy metals Cd, Pabout 70 kinds: several heavy metals Cd, P

b, Hg etc; 67 organic compounds including b, Hg etc; 67 organic compounds including 44 pesticides; some other 44 pesticides; some other dyes, fragrants, dyes, fragrants, paints, detergents, surfactants, plastic paints, detergents, surfactants, plastic product additives, pharmaceuticals, food product additives, pharmaceuticals, food additives, animal and plant hormonesadditives, animal and plant hormones

EEs action mechanismEEs action mechanism

EEsEEs→Receptor → →Receptor → EEs-R complex EEs-R complex →DNA →DNA (VTG gene)→mRNA → protein (VTG) (VTG gene)→mRNA → protein (VTG) EEs: persistent, accumulatingEEs: persistent, accumulating→→ great number of great number of VTG VTG →→abnormal physiological function!!abnormal physiological function!!

Paradigm for the fate of Organics in Aqueous systems(from Dan Schlenk)

Potential Spatial and TemporalImpacts of Environmental Stressors

2. Objective 2. Objective More and more attention has been paid to the effeMore and more attention has been paid to the effects of environmental estrogens on fishery resourccts of environmental estrogens on fishery resources health. Fish: top predator; Food safety.es health. Fish: top predator; Food safety. Fish biomarkers will be studied and applied to unFish biomarkers will be studied and applied to understand and assess the effects of environmental derstand and assess the effects of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health anestrogens on commercial species of fish health and their habitat in mariculture areas in southern Fujd their habitat in mariculture areas in southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXX, California, USA. ian, P. R. China and XXX, California, USA. Moreover, a strategy will be suggested to prevent Moreover, a strategy will be suggested to prevent and control the effects of environmental estrogen and control the effects of environmental estrogen contamination/pollution on commercial species ocontamination/pollution on commercial species of fish in mariculture area for local governmental df fish in mariculture area for local governmental department concerned. epartment concerned.

Taiwan*

Location of Dngshan islandLocation of Dngshan island

Mariculture area of Dongshan Mariculture area of Dongshan in southern Fujian, China in southern Fujian, China Location: Between the East China Sea the SoutLocation: Between the East China Sea the South China Seah China Sea 117.29 °117.29 ° ～～ 117.57 °E, 23.56 °117.57 °E, 23.56 ° ～～ 23.79 °N23.79 °N Dongshan island/county ——subtropic areaDongshan island/county ——subtropic area population: 0.248millionpopulation: 0.248million 33 islands, the largest one 194 km2 33 islands, the largest one 194 km2 average 20.8℃ (12.9℃ -27.4℃ )average 20.8℃ (12.9℃ -27.4℃ ) many bays; 317.5 km2 (<2km)many bays; 317.5 km2 (<2km) One of 4 most important counties for mariculturOne of 4 most important counties for mariculture in china e in china

Mariculture area of Dongshan Mariculture area of Dongshan in southern Fujian, Chinain southern Fujian, China High biodiversity 1352 speciesHigh biodiversity 1352 species phytoplankton: 211 speciesphytoplankton: 211 species zooplankton: 167 specieszooplankton: 167 species benthos: 793 speciesbenthos: 793 species neckton: 181 speciesneckton: 181 species The Cross area of Minnan and Huidong fiThe Cross area of Minnan and Huidong fish grounds.sh grounds.

Mariculture of Dongshan Mariculture of Dongshan in 2007in 2007 Caged fish culture: 63.6 Caged fish culture: 63.6 ，， 6515t;6515t; Eel: 384 he2 Eel: 384 he2 ，， 2060t; 2060t; Shellfish: 5283 he2, 11622t;Shellfish: 5283 he2, 11622t; Shrimp: 994 he2 Shrimp: 994 he2 ，， 2119t; 2119t; …………Total: 8548 he2 Total: 8548 he2 ，， 151328 t151328 t 。 。

Caged cultureCaged culture

Major cultured species of fishMajor cultured species of fish

Sciaenops ocellatus

石斑鱼 Epinephelussp 赤点石斑 Epinephelus akaara

鲈鱼 Lateolabrax japonicus

蓝子鱼 Siganus virgatus 赤鯮鱼 Dentex tumifrons

鮸鱼 Miichthys miiuy 黑鲷 Sparus macrocephalus 鲻鱼 Mugil cephalus

黄鳍鲷 Sparus latus Houttuyn

Major cultured species of fishMajor cultured species of fish

九孔鲍 Haliotis diversicolor 菲律宾蛤 Ruditapes philippinarum

龙须菜 Gracilaria sp. 海带 Thallus Laminariae 紫菜 Porphyra yezoensis太平洋牡蛎 Crassostrea gigas

太平洋牡蛎 Crassostrea gigas

Major cultured shellfish and algea

Marine endangered species in Dongshan waterMarine endangered species in Dongshan waterss

3. Research Content 3. Research Content ⅠⅠ The following contents are included in the preseThe following contents are included in the present study:nt study:1). To select a proper mariculture area and some co1). To select a proper mariculture area and some commercial species of fish from the mariculture aremmercial species of fish from the mariculture area from each country for cooperative study, respea from each country for cooperative study, respectively; ctively; 2). To study and establish marine fish biomarkers, s2). To study and establish marine fish biomarkers, such as VGT and CYP1A western blot and ELISA, uch as VGT and CYP1A western blot and ELISA, “comet ” assay etc.“comet ” assay etc.

Research Content Research Content ⅡⅡ3). To apply fish biomarkers for monitoring effects of EES o3). To apply fish biomarkers for monitoring effects of EES on commercial species of fish health in the mariculture arn commercial species of fish health in the mariculture area combing chemical analysis of major EES in the area;ea combing chemical analysis of major EES in the area;4). To assess the effects of environmental estrogens on co4). To assess the effects of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health and their habitat using fimmercial species of fish health and their habitat using fish VGT, CYP1A, E2sh VGT, CYP1A, E2 、、 T and “comet” assay etc as biomT and “comet” assay etc as biomarkers and combining the chemical analysis;arkers and combining the chemical analysis;5). To suggest a strategy for preventing and controlling the 5). To suggest a strategy for preventing and controlling the effects of environmental estrogen contamination/pollutieffects of environmental estrogen contamination/pollution on commercial species of fish in mariculture area for lon on commercial species of fish in mariculture area for local governmental department concerned.ocal governmental department concerned.

4. Annual Work Plan4. Annual Work Plan 1)1) ．． July, 2011 ~ December, 2011July, 2011 ~ December, 2011 To work out the proposal for cooperative study To work out the proposal for cooperative study on effects and assessment of environmental estron effects and assessment of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health and togens on commercial species of fish health and their habitat in the mariculture areas in southern heir habitat in the mariculture areas in southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, USA;Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, USA; To select a proper mariculture area from each To select a proper mariculture area from each country for cooperative study, respectively; country for cooperative study, respectively; To choice some proper commercial fish specieTo choice some proper commercial fish species from the mariculture area in each country for ts from the mariculture area in each country for the study. he study.

2)2) ．． January, 2012 ~ December, 2012January, 2012 ~ December, 2012 To optimize measuring conditions of fish plasma To optimize measuring conditions of fish plasma VTG western blot and ELISA;VTG western blot and ELISA; To set up measuring techniques of fish hepatic To set up measuring techniques of fish hepatic CYP1A western blot and ELISA;CYP1A western blot and ELISA; To establish fish “comet” assay etc.To establish fish “comet” assay etc. Chinese scientists visit American lab for cooperaChinese scientists visit American lab for cooperative study and learn measuring techniques of new tive study and learn measuring techniques of new biomarkers. biomarkers.

3)3) ．． January, 2013 ~ December, 2013January, 2013 ~ December, 2013 The 1st year of field study:The 1st year of field study: To monitor biochemical effects of environmental estrogTo monitor biochemical effects of environmental estrogens of commercial species of fish health in maricuture areens of commercial species of fish health in maricuture areas in southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, USA for both tas in southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, USA for both the cooperative labs using fish VGT, CYP1A, E2he cooperative labs using fish VGT, CYP1A, E2 、、 T and “cT and “comet” assay etc as biomarkers.omet” assay etc as biomarkers. To conduct chemical analysis of environmental estrogenTo conduct chemical analysis of environmental estrogens in water and sediment samples from the mariculture ares in water and sediment samples from the mariculture areas for the bilateral partners. as for the bilateral partners. American scientists visit China to exchange the 1st year American scientists visit China to exchange the 1st year of field study results etc. of field study results etc.

4)4) ．． January, 2014 ~ December, 2014January, 2014 ~ December, 2014 The 2nd year of field study:The 2nd year of field study: To monitor biochemical effects of environmental esTo monitor biochemical effects of environmental estrogens of commercial species of fish health in maricutrogens of commercial species of fish health in maricuture areas in Southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, Uture areas in Southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, USA for both the cooperative labs using fish VGT, CYP1A,SA for both the cooperative labs using fish VGT, CYP1A, E2 E2 、、 T and “comet” assay etc as biomarkers.T and “comet” assay etc as biomarkers. To conduct chemical analysis of environmental estrTo conduct chemical analysis of environmental estrogens in water and sediment samples from the maricogens in water and sediment samples from the mariculture areas for the bilateral partners.ulture areas for the bilateral partners.

5)5) ．． January, 2015 ~ December, 2015January, 2015 ~ December, 2015 To conduct data interpreting and summarize research resuTo conduct data interpreting and summarize research results on effects and assessment of environmental estrogens on lts on effects and assessment of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health and their habitat in maricucommercial species of fish health and their habitat in mariculture areas in southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, USA, reslture areas in southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, USA, respectively;pectively; To compare the results about effects and assessment of eTo compare the results about effects and assessment of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish healtnvironmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health and their habitat in mariculture areas in southern Fujian, P.h and their habitat in mariculture areas in southern Fujian, P. R. China and XXXX, USA; R. China and XXXX, USA; To write papers for publication;To write papers for publication; To finish a proposal on prevention and control of environTo finish a proposal on prevention and control of environmental estrogen contamination/pollution in mariculture aremental estrogen contamination/pollution in mariculture area for the both labs, respectively;a for the both labs, respectively; To hold a workshop on effects and assessment of environTo hold a workshop on effects and assessment of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health and tmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health and their habitat in mariculture areas if it is necessary; heir habitat in mariculture areas if it is necessary; To discuss the possibility for further cooperative study. To discuss the possibility for further cooperative study.

5. Expected Results5. Expected Results1). Research report: Effects and assessment of environment1). Research report: Effects and assessment of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health and thal estrogens on commercial species of fish health and their habitat in mariculture area in southern Fujian, P. R.Ceir habitat in mariculture area in southern Fujian, P. R.China;hina;2). Research report: Effects and assessment of environment2). Research report: Effects and assessment of environmental estrogens on commercial species of fish health and thal estrogens on commercial species of fish health and their habitat in mariculture area in XXXX, USA;eir habitat in mariculture area in XXXX, USA;3). A strategy to prevent and control the effects of environm3). A strategy to prevent and control the effects of environmental estrogen contamination/pollution on commercial ental estrogen contamination/pollution on commercial species of fish in mariculture area in southern Fujian, P. species of fish in mariculture area in southern Fujian, P. R. China;R. China;4). A strategy for to prevent and control the effects of enviro4). A strategy for to prevent and control the effects of environmental estrogen contamination/pollution on commercnmental estrogen contamination/pollution on commercial species of fish in mariculture area in XXXX, USA;ial species of fish in mariculture area in XXXX, USA; 5). To publish 4~6 research papers totally. 5). To publish 4~6 research papers totally.

Initial discussion with US Initial discussion with US partner partner

Dan Schlenk, Ph.D. ProfessorDan Schlenk, Ph.D. Professor Aquatic EcotoxicologyAquatic Ecotoxicology Department of Environmental SciencesDepartment of Environmental Sciences University of California, RiversideUniversity of California, Riverside CA 92521CA 92521 Riverside, 951-827-2018Riverside, 951-827-2018 951-827-3993-FAX951-827-3993-FAX Somebody else?? Somebody else??

Thanks for your attention!

natural products POPs Pharmaceuticals 药物 Industrial Compounds

genistein 燃料木因 DDT Ethinyl estradiol乙炔乙二醇 Bisphenol A 双酚 A

Naringenin 柚配质 Kepone DES Phthalate esters 邻苯二酸脂Coumestrol PAHs Alkyl phenols 烷基酚

Zwaralenone PCBs/OH-PCBs Endosulphan

B-sitosterolβ- 谷甾醇 Dioxins 二恶英 Triazines 三氮杂苯