zero budget agriculture

8/18/2019 zero budget agriculture

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vk;h] rks tgka xkscj [kkn ds


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ds (leaves of Aegle mermelos) iÙks dqVdj Mkys aA mles a nksfdyks lQsn /kw rqjs ds (Datura innoxia) iÙksdqVdj Mkys aA vc ;s lHkh ouLifr iYi xksew = es a ?kksfy;sA mij


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rkSj ij yhbZ tkrh gSAdsys dh cksvkbZ mlds dan ¼cht½ yxkdj dh tkrh gSA dan dk

otu 400 ls 800 xz We dk gksuk gSA mldk vkdkj ids gq, ukfj;y tS lk pkfg,A cht dk jax ykyrkacMk pkfg,A dan yxkus ds ckn mls 200 ls500 tM+ s vkrh gSA cht vxj uSlfxZd dsys dh ikS/ks ls ys rs gS a rks mRiknu cs aMw vkSj lfCt;ksa dh vka rj Qlys a ys aA dsys ds nks ikS/kks a ds chp MªeLVhd ¼lgtuk½ yxk;sA gj 15 fnu es a ,d ckj flapu ds le; thoke` r ns aAdsys dk xqPNk (bunch) dkVus ds igys ikS/kks a dk dksbZ Hkh gjk ;k lw [kk

iÙkk er dkVs aA ;g iÙkk ikS/ks dk fjtoZ cS ad gks rk gSA cht yxkus ds ckn 3 ekl rd gj ukyh es a (furrow) ikuh ns aA 3 ekl ckn ikS/ks dh ukyh dks ikuh nsuk can djsA ckdh 3 ukfy;ks a dks ikuh nsaA cht yxkus ds Ng ekl ckn ds oy dsys ds ikS/kks a ds nks iafä;ks a ds chp es a ikuh ns aA ckdh ukfy;ks a dks ikuh nsuk can djs aA gj ikuhds lkFk thoke`r ns aA Qw y ckgj iM+us rd ikS/kks a dks tks tM+ ks ls vadq j (Tillers) ckgj vkrs gS a] mu lcdks dkVdj ogha vkPNknu Lo:i Mkfy,A ftl fnu Qw y ckgj iM+ sxk] og ftl fn”kk dh vks j iM+ sxk] mlds Bhd foijhr fn”kk dk ,d vadq j “kk[kk (Tillers) jf[k;s vkS j ckdh dkVdj mudk vkPNknu djs aAdsys dk xqPNk (bunch) dkVus ds ckn [kksM+ er dkVsA mls oS ls gh [kM+ k jgus nsA tS ls&tSls ;g j[kk gqvk jVw u c


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fujksxh thou vkSj fujksxh thou vkSj fujksxh thou vkSj fujksxh thou vkSj fujksxh thou vkSj le`f) dk ekxZ le`f) dk ekxZ le`f) dk ekxZ le`f) dk ekxZ le`f) dk ekxZ

iw js fo”o esa Hkkjr gh ,d ,s lk ns”k gS] tgk¡ lokZf/kd lw ;Z &izdk”k vkS j izkdf̀rd le`f) iz kIr gS] blhds lg;ksx ls ;gk¡ fdlku vkt Hkh [ks rh dj jgk gSA ,d le; ftl Hkkjr us fo”o es a df̀’k iz/kku ns”k ds :i esa izfr’Bk gkfly dh Fkh] fdrus nqHkkZX; dh ckr gS fd mlh Hkkjr ns”k dk fdlku vkt [ks rh djds gj rjg ls nq%[kh gS! tcfd fons”k es a flQZ N% ekg es a lkSj fdj.kks a dh enn ls [ks rh djus okys lq[ke;thou th jgs gSaA vkf[kj Hkkjrh; fdlku dkSulh lkft”k ds f”kdkj gks jgs gSa fd mUgs a ,s lk nq%[ke; thou fcrku iM+ jgk gS\ vaxz stks a us viusf”k{k.k ds }kjk ns”kh vaxz stks dks rS;kj fd;k vkSj mUgha yksxks a us fons”k dh vk/kqfud [ksrh&i)fr dks Hkkjr ds fdlkuks a ij ykn fnA ,s ls cs odw Qks adks D;k f”kf{kr dgk tk ldrk gS\ eSa Hkh mUgha dh yknh xbZ fons”kh [ks rh&i)fr ds ek;ktky es a nl lky rd Qa lk jgk FkkA

vc fiNys pkyhl lkyks a ls lsfUnz; vkS j iz kdf̀rd df̀’k dfg,;k tSfod ;k fQj ltho d`f’k] ogh djrs vk;k gw aA vkS j vius vuqHko dsvk/kkj ij vkt fo”okliw oZd dg ldrk gwa fd] [ks rh esa fcuk ds apq, dh enn ds vPNk mRiknu laHko gh ughaA

gkykafd ;g lp gS fd fons”kh vk/kqfud ØkfUr dk izHkko

Hkkjrh; df̀’k ij Hkh iM+ k vkSj vk/kqfud ;a =] jklk;fud [kkn] nok] ubZi)fr vkSj ubZ [kkstks a us d`f’k ds {ks = es a ØkfUr yk nhA ij ml ØkfUr ds nw ljs igyw dks igys Hkh dkQh de yksx tkurs Fks] vkS j vkt Hkh dkQh de yksx tkurs gS aA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ftl gfjr&ØkfUr ls viuh tehu dks mitko gksuk pkfg, Fkk ogh vkt ,d rjg ls e`rik; gks xbZgSA nqfu;k esa ,s lk dksbZ Hkh fdlku ugha tks viuh tehu dks ejrs gq,ns[k ldsA

vk/kqfud la Ld`fr ds l lkFk&lkFk vk/kqfud df̀’k vkSj “kkjhfjd fpfdRlk us Hkh dkQh fodkl fd;k gSA exj blh ds lkFk&lkFk jksx&chekfj;k¡ Hkh vlá vkS j tfVy cu xbZ gSa] ftlds QyLo:i ekuo&”kjhj fnu&izfrfnu detks j vkS j fuLrst gks rk tk jgk gSA ,s ls es avk/kqfud mipkj Hkh dkQh [kphZyk gks x;k gSA vr% vc vk/kqfud mipkj ds tfj, viuk bykt djk ysus es a Hkkjrh; ukxfjd dHkh Hkh l{ke ughaA ;g lkspus dh ckr gS fd vk/kqfud mipkj& i)fr ekuo

“kjhj ,o¡ mldh fØ;k&izfØ;kvks a ds vuqdw y u gks rs gq, Hkh vkf[kj


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D;k gks x;k gS\ fd flQZ Vqdq j&Vqdq q j eq ag ns[k jgs gSaAß maxyh nh rks gkFk idM+k maxyh nh rks gkFk idM+k maxyh nh rks gkFk idM+k maxyh nh rks gkFk idM+k maxyh nh rks gkFk idM+k


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vly es a ekuo&ls ok gh izHkq&ls ok vkS j lPpk /keZ gSA euq’; dsikl Hkys gh djksM+ ksa :i;s dh lEifÙk gks] fQj Hkh og lq[kh vkSj vkuafnr ugha gks ldrk D;ks afd lq[k ;k vkuan [kjhnus dh pht ugha cfYd

eglw l djus dh ,d ps ruk] ,d vuqHkw fr gS tks nw ljks a dh ls ok djus lsgh iz kIr gks rh gSA eS aus rks vc rd flQZ isM+&ikS/ks yxkus vkSj ikuh nsuses a gh ilhuk cgk;k Fkk] blds flok esjk dksbZ vkSj [kpZ rks Fkk ugha ;kuh f[kykus&fiykus dk uqdlku eq>s dHkh mBkuk ugha iM+ kA exj gka vkidsutfj;s ls ns[kk tk;s] rks ;g ,d rjg dk uqdlku gh gS D;ks afd bl mRiknu dks vxj cktkj es a csprs rks vo”; gh dqN vkenuh gks rhA exj fQj Hkh es jk Qk;nk de ugha gSA

++ +++

ßvxj tSu&n”kZu ds fl)ka r] Hkxon~&xhrk] ckbcy vkS j dq jku

ij vey fd;k tk;s rks fo”o dh lkjh leL;k,a [kRe gks tk;s axhA vkt tS ls&tSls fodkl dh xfr c


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lsfUnz; /kku lsfUnz; /kku lsfUnz; /kku lsfUnz; /kku lsfUnz; /kku mldh [kkn dh fcØh rks c


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1954 es a lkosth dks lCth vkS j /kku dh [ks rh ls rxM+ k equkQk gqvk FkkA ftlls mUgks aus ikl dh nks ,dM+ tehu [kjhn yh FkhA lkosth ds ikl vc [kqn dh lk


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FkhA lkosth dh dk;Z&i/nfr ls vc isM+&ifjokj dks vc vius dksetcw r cukus dh Hkjiw j rkdr iz kIr gksus yxh FkhA T;knkrj rhu izdkj dh tks tM+ s gks rh gSa] os lc N% QhV pkSM+ h esM+ ls lsfUnz; [kkn vkS j ueh

s sa Z ha s f s sa f s s

ukfy;ks a dks] xkscj vkS j lsfUnz; inkFks Za ds lkFk j[kdj] Hkj fn;k x;kAfeëh de iM+ h rks ,d ckj fQj mUgks aus rkykc dh feëh dk mi;ksx fd;kA

Z h S s f h S s h s s sa


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izkIr djus es yx xbZ FkhA isM+&ifjokj ds dkeks dk foLrkj gksus yxk

Fkk vkSj ueh iz kIr djus es a yx xbZ FkhaA isM+&ifjokj ds dkeks a dk foLrkj gksus yxk Fkk vkS j lHkh ds fey&tqydj jgus ds dkj.k ukfj;y] phdw vkSj dsys ds isM+ okLro esa LoLFk] fujksxh vkS j gjs&Hkjs fn[kus yxs FksAdsys ds isM+ rks Qqyus&Qw yus Hkh yxs vkS j djhcu 18 ls 20 fdyks dsysdk vPNk mRiknu Hkh feyk FkkA

lkosth dks ukfj;y ds ckjs esa tks og̀n vuqHko iz kIr gS mls ,d fnu mUgks aus eq>s tkudkjh nsus ds mís”; ls crk;k fd Þ1941 es a leqnz ls

izkIr ukfj;yks a dks eSaus vius HkkbZ ds ckx es a yxk;k Fkk os lkr lky dsckn Qy nsus yxs Fks vkSj os gekjs okrkoj.k ds lkFk laca/k&cukdj ?kqyfey x;s FksA mUgha ns”kh ukfj;yks a ds ikS/ks eSaus vius ckx es a Hkh yxk;sFksA 1941 ls 1948 rd dk mudk lQj ns[kks a rks mlls Hkh ;gh lkfcr gks rk gS fd os vc gekjs i;kZ oj.k ¼izdf̀r½ dk vVw V fgLlk cu pqds FksA,d ;g Hkh dkj.k gS fd tc eSaus mUgsa vius ckx es a ubZ dk;Z&i/nfr dsfglkc ls yxk;k Fkk rks mUgs a fodflr gksus dk vkSj vf/kd ekSdk feykA

;w a rks os fodflr Fks ,d lky ds] exj es js ckx es a os es jh lsfUnz; df̀’k dk;Z i/nfr ds dkj.k iw js rhu lky ds fn[krs FksA iw jh rjg ls gjs&HkjsvkSj rstLohAß

tgka rd isM+ ks ds lkFk NsM+[kkuh dh ckr gS rks lkosth dsfglkc ls esM+ ij izFkeckj ds iz;ksx vkS j dk;Z i/nfr ds dkj.k gqbZ Fkh ysfdu tks ubZ tehu [kjhn x;h Fkh ml ij muds fy, iw jh rjg ls lsfUnz; df̀’k] eap vkS j ukys dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k Fkk ftlls ogkA

mudk dgh csgrj fodkl gqvk FkkA fefJr d`f’k es a lCth lsfUnz; inkFkks Za ls rS;kj gksus ds dkj.k Lokn vkS j lqxa/k es a mRre nts Z dh ik;h x;h FkhA lCth&mRiknu ds ckn lkosth us mldk cpk dw M+ k&dpjk vkS j ?kkl&ikr m[kkM+dj igyh ckj tks 18 bap nw jhij ukyh cuk;h Fkh mlhes a Hkj fn;kA vkS j ukfj;y phdw vkSj dsys ds chp vc flQZ ,d ukyh isM+ ls36 bZ ap nw jhij cukdj os vc 50% ikuh dj c[r vlS k isM+ ks a dk fodkl pkgrs FksA ubZ ukyh dh [kqnkbZ ls tks feëh feyh mlls iq jkuh nksuks a

ubZ ukyh vkSj vU; dke pkyw Fks fd mlh nkSjku lkosth us isM+ ks

ij gks jgs ,d vkS j vR;kpkj dks ns[kk vkS j mlds gy ds fy, lksp&fopkj djus yxsA vkSj mUgks aus va rr% ,d ,s lk vkfo’dkj dj Mkyk tks iw js fo”o dk vkt Hkh igyk vkSj egkure vkfo’dkj ekuk tkrk gSA


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dYio`{k QkeZdYio`{k QkeZdYio`{k QkeZdYio`{k QkeZdYio`{k QkeZ

lpeqp lkosth dh lsfUnz; d`f’k ,d ,s lh df̀’k&i/nrh gS] ftlsvkylh&ls&vkylh vkSj vui< & ls vui< fdlku Hkh viuk ldrk

cxkor dj Mkyha vkS j [kkus es a ifjorZu djds gjh vkSj xhyh ouLifr dks Hkh [kkus dks iz kjEHk dj fn;k] D;ksafd thus ds fy, dqN rks t:jh gSAß ,s ls es a lkosth ls iz kIr Kku ds vk/kkj ij eq>s fQYeks a ds ;s nks xhr ;kn vkrs gS a%


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vkylh l vkylh vkj vui


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ls lkosth us tks ikS/ks ¼”kkL=h; rjhds ls½ rS;kj fd, mudh ekax Hkh c


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+ q

og tehu] laifr vFkok lRrk ds fy, u gksdj] flQZ thou dh t:jh ikuh ds fy, gksxkA bl ckr dk lcwr lkeus gSA igys yksx is;ty dh ^eq¶r I;kÅ* cuokrs FksA] tcfd vkt ikuh cks ryks a esa Hkjdj cspk tkrk gSA ,s ls es a vxj fo”o;q/n dks jksduk gS rks ikuh dk mi;ksx lkp&le>dj] mfpr ek=k es a gh djuk gksxkA

lHkh ;g okLrfodrk tkurs&le>rs gSa] blds ckotw n tksdjuk pkfg,] ml ij vey ugha djrsA mnkgj.k ds fy, tc ,d

vkneh ckFkq:e es a is”kkc djr gS rks mldh ek=k vanktu 200 ls 300fe-yh- gks rh tcfd mldh lQkbZ ds fy, og 10 ls 15 yhVj ikuh [kpZdjrk gSA ;g ykijokgh “kgj vkSj xka o nksuks a txg leL;k cu [kMh gSA,slh ifjfLFkfr jgh rks fQj d`f’k vkS j thou dSls laHko gksxk\ ns[kk tk;s rks fdlkuksa us ;g ikuh dh leL;k Lo;a dh gS! og dSls\

bl ckr dks utjvankt ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd tclsfdlkuks a us vk/kqfud d`f’k&i/nfr dks Lohdkj fd;k gS rHkh ls ikuh dh

leL;k iuiuh “kq: gqbZ gSA bl ckr dks lkosth us vius vuqHko ds vk/ kkj ij ;ks a dgk fd Þfdlkuksa us tcls ladfjr ¼gkbfczM½ chtks a dk mi;ksx djuk “k: fd;k rHkh ls jklk;fud [kkn dk Hkh mi;ksx djuk vkjaHk fd;k] tks Toyu”khy gks rh gSA ikS/kksa dks [kkn dh xehZ ls cpkusds fy, T;knk&ls&T;knk ty flapu dh t:jr iM+ rh gSA tehu lEiw .kZ xhyh gks tkus ds dkj.k lw ;Z dh xehZ ls tehu dk rkieku c


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x;sA dqy feykdj 24 dsys yxsA ukys ds ikl esM+ ks ij rjcw t] díw ]ykSdh] djSyk] vkSj dbZ lfCt;ka Hkh yxk;h x;h FkhaA bl izdkj geusfeJ Qly ds lkFk la?koh QkeZ dh “kq:vkr dhA

“kfuokj dks lp tkus“kfuokj dks lp tkus“kfuokj dks lp tkus“kfuokj dks lp tkus“kfuokj dks lp tkus

Þvc df̀’k dk gh mnkgj.k ys aA vki Hkh tkurs gS fd Hkkjr dh lkjh le`f/n gekjs iw oZtks a dh [ks rh Onkjk gh Fkh] ftldks yw Vrs&yw Vrs

a s sa s h s S s s f h s sa Z sa s


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lCt+ h dk mRiknu lCt+ h dk mRiknu lCt+ h dk mRiknu lCt+ h dk mRiknu lCt+ h dk mRiknu

exj tehudks /kw i ls cpkus ds fy, T;knkrj díw yxk;s FkA lHkh lfCt;ksa dh mit ls ges a 15 gtkj izfr ,dM+ dh vkenuh gqbZ FkhAbl izdkj ikWap ,dM+ ls ges a 75 gtkj dh vkenuh gqbZ FkhA flQZ pkj

ekg es a gekjs ikWap ,dM+ es a 60 gtkj dh tks ykxr Fkh] og 15 gtkj equkQs ds lkFk ykSV vkbZA

vaxz stks a dks Hkh nks lkS lky yxs FksA vkt ge fdruk Hkh [kksts a] iw oZtks a ds[ks rh&i/nfr ls lacaf/kr ogh xz aFk dgha ugha feyrsA ;gh dkj.k gS fd Hkkjr tSlk d`f’k iz/kku ns”k vkt fons”kh vk/kqfud df̀’k ds ek;ktky es aQalk gqvk gSA ets dh ckrs rks ;g gS fd fdlh Hkh ns”k dk fdlku fHk[kkjh gksxk og ns”k fHk[kkjh gh ekuk tkrk gSA ;gh gkyr vkt Hkkjr ns”k dh gSA vc tc ljdkj vkSj iztk nksuks fHk[kkjh gSA Rkks fQj ,d fHk[kkjh nw ljs fHk[kkjh dks dgkWa ls nks oDr dh jksVh] df̀’k ds fu/kkZfjr

mRiknu ds nke] lgh lksp] le> vkS j lk/ku ns ik;sxk] tks vkt fdlkuks a ds Lo;aHkw usrk ljdkj ls ckj&ckj ekax jgs gSaA xyr deZ vkS j xyr [ks rh&i/nfr ds tfj, fHk[kkjh cus Hkkjr ns”k dks cpkus dk vcflQZ ,d gh ekxZ cpk gS] ftls eS a lEiw .kZ i;kZ oj.k dh j{kk djus okyh lsfUnz; d`f’k ds uke ls tkurk gw aA tks eS a tkurk gwa] ogh dgrk gw a] djrk gw a D;ks afd fcuk vkpj.k ds mins”k O;FkZ gSA vkt lsfUnz; df̀’k vyx&vyx ukeks a ls tkuh tkrh gSA dksbZ mls izkdf̀rd d`f’k&dksbZ tSfod d`f’k] dksbZ

ltho [ks rh] dksbZ vk/kkjnkbZdf̀’k] rks dksbZ dqnjrh d`f’k tS ls fHkUu&fHkUu ukeks a ls tkurk gSA eSaus vkt rd ;g dHkh ugha dgk vkS j u gh dHkh dgw axk fd eq>s gj rjg dh [ks rh dh tkudkjh gSA es jh rks fnyh [okfg”k gS fd tks Hkh O;Drh izd`fr ds jgL; le>us es a lQy gq, gS a vkS j thUgs a muds iz;ksx es a lQyrk feyh gS] mUgs a viuh lkjh tkudkjh tu&dY;k.k vkSj i;kZ oj.k dh j{kk ds fy, lekt dks lefiZ r dj nsuh pkfg,A tSlseS aus viuh lkjh ckrs a [kqyh fdrkc dh rjg j[kh gSAß


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xyrh vkS j lsfUnz; df̀’k dh fo”ks’krk ls voxr djk;k fd Þvki yksxks aus lcls igyh xyrh ;g dh fd vk/kqfud d`f’k ds fu;e ds vuq lkj [kjirokj djds [ks rks a dh lkjh ?kklksa dks fudky dj Qsad fn;k ftldsdkj.k lw ;Z dh xehZ ls tehu es a ekStw n ueh [kRe gks xbZA nw ljh xyrh vki yksxksa us Toyu”khy jklk;fud [kkn Mkydj dhA ftlds dkj.k

tks FkksM+ h cgq r ueh cph Fkh og Hkh [kkn dh xehZ ls ckgj fudy xbZAbl izdkj vki yksxks a us lkjh ueh dk ck’ihdj.k dj MkykA visf{kr ikuh u feyus ds dkj.k cspkjk eaxQyh dk ikS/kk l[k x;kA tcfd eSaus


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ikuh u feyu d dkj k cpkjk e w xQyh dk ik/kk lq[k x;kA tcfd e udqN ugha fd;kA blfy, ueh T;w a dh R;w a cuh jghAß exj vc o’kkZ u gqbZ rks gekjh Qly Hkh lw [k tk;sxhA*

vkf[kj es a o’kkZ gqbZ] exj dkQh nsj lsA fQj Hkh ew axQyh ds lRRj izfr”kr ikS/ks cp x;sA ikuh fey tkus ds dkj.k Qly dks u;k

thounku fey x;kA ew axQyh ds [ks r dh flQZ feêh cnydj geus tksizFke iz;ksx fd;k Fkk] mles a ge lEiw .kZ jhr ls lQy jgs FksA ges a 20,dM+ Hkw fe ls igys gh lky fcuk ikuh ds ew axQyh dk 4000 fdyks mRiknu feykA ftls cspdj ges a 1]50]000 :i;s dh vkenuh gqbZ FkhAdqy feykdj gekjh ykxr Fkh 70]000 :i;s flQZ pkj ekg es a ges a80]000 :i;s dk equkQk gqvk FkkA lkFk&lkFk ges a ;g Hkh tkuus dksfeyk fd vk/kqfud df̀’k dh ew axQyh dh vis{kk izkdf̀rd df̀’k dh

ew axQyh ls rsy Hkh T;knk ek=k esa feyrk gSAbl izdkj gesa ;g vuqHko gqvk fd lkos i/nfr fdlh Hkh {ks =

es a lQyrkiw oZd gks ldrh gSA fdlkuksa dh ,s lh tehu] ftles a {kkj dh ek=k dkQh c

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zero budget agriculture