© Zlatko Lukić

The BOOK of KINGS

The Atlas of Genealogical Charts of European's Royal Dynasties

and Dynastics Connections of The Greatest Dynasties from

The Ancient World to This Day

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© Copyright – GeneAtlas® Zlatko Lukić 2009.

UK©CS Acc. Nr. 91345 Reg. Nr. 311709 All righte reserved. No part of this publication may

be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,

in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,

photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior

permission of the copyright holder.

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Contents III Introduction XII Bibliography XIV Symbols XVIII Abbreviations XIX Abbreviations of Countries and Dynasties XX Sinoptic Table 1: Titles XXIII Sinoptic Table 2: Names XXIII First Part: Evolution of Greatest Dynasties Chart 1: The Dynasties of Byzantine Empire Chart 2: The Dynasties of the Caliphs Chart 3: The Dynasties of France Chart 4: The Normans Dynasties and Dynasties of England&Scotland Chart 5: The Dynasties of Spain Chart 6: The Dynasty of Nassau-Orange Chart 7: TheDynasties of Austria and Hungary Chart 8: The Dynasty of Hohenzollern Chart 9: The Dynasty of Oldenburg Chart 10: The Dynasty of Luxemburg Chart 11: The Dynasties of Russia Chart 12: Shema Evolution of Turkotatars Chart 13: The Dynasties of Mongols Second Part: Greatest Dynasties of The Ancient World The Imperial Dynasties of Egypt List 1: The Pharaohs and Kings of Egypt Chart 14: Ist Dynasty

Chart 15: IIIrd , IVth, and Vth Dynasties Chart 16: Vth, VIth and VIIth Dynasties Chart 17: XIth Dynasty Chart 18: XIIth Dynasty Chart 19: XIIIth Dynasty Chart 20: XVIIth Dynasty Chart 21: XVIIIth Dynasty Chart 22: XIXth Dynasty Chart 23: XXth Dynasty Chart 24: Dynasty of Archbishops and XXIst Dynasty Chart 25: XXIInd Dynasty, Dynasty of Archbishops and XXIIIth Dyn. Chart 26: Dynasties XXIVth, XXVth, XXVIth and XXVIIth Chart 27: XXXth Dynasty The Assyria & Babylonia List 2: Rulers of Mesopotamia: Uruk, Ur, Lagash, Kish, Akkad and Hittites List 3: Kings of the Assyria List 4: Kings of the Babylon Chart 28: The Royal Dynasty of Sargon Chart 29 The Imeprial Dynasty of Mitanni Chart 30/31/32: The Royal Dynasty of Assyria Chart 33: The Royal Dynasty of Babylon The Athene List 5 The Arhonts of Athene The Sparta Chart 34/35: The Royal Dynasty of Sparta

C o n t e n t s

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The Carthage Chart 36: The Royal Dynasties of Carthage The Persia List 6: Elamite Kings of Persia Chart 37/38: The Persian Imperial Dynasty of Achaemenes The Ancient Greece Chart 39: The Royal Dynasty of Perdiccas Chart 40: The Royal Dynasties Antipatrids and Antigonids

The Helenistic Empires Chart 41: Royal Dynasty of Arsacids in Partia Chart 42/43: The Royal Dynasty of Seleucids Chart 44: The Shas Dynasty of Sassanid Chart 45/46: The Royal Dynasty of Ptolemids The Holy Land Chart 47: The Imperial Dynasty of Israel List 7: Kings of North Kingdom – Israel List 8: Kings of South Kingdom – Judaea Chart 48: The Royal Dynasty of Maccabees Chart 49: The Royal Dynasty of Herodians Third Part: Old Greatest Imperies The Roman Empire Chart 50: The Kings of Rome Chart 51: Relationships Between Noble Families Chart 52: The Gaius Julius Caesar Family Tree Chart 63: The Augustus Family Tree Chart 54: The Dynasty of The Antonians

Chart 55: The Dynasty of The Octavians Chart 56: The Dynasty of The Claudians Chart 57: The Claudius Family Tree Chart 58: The The Imperial Dynasty of The Julians-Claudians Chart 59: Military Emperors, Three good emperors The Imperial Dynasty of The Flavians

The Imperial Dynasty of The Antonians The Imperial Dynasty of The Severs Chart 60:The Imperial Dynasties of The Barracks Chart 61:The Imperial Dynasty of The Ilyrians Chart 62:The Imperial Dynasty of The Constantines Chart 63:The Imperial Dynasty of The Valentines The Imperial Dynasty of The Theodosians The Imperial Dynasty of The Thracianids The Barbarians Kingdoms Chart 64: The Hunnic Kingdom Chart 65: The Bourgundy's Kingdom Chart 66: The Vandal’s Kingdom List 9: Kings of Illyrians Chart 67: The Avar’s Khaganate Chart 68: The German's Kingdom The Byzantine Empire Chart 69: The Imperial Dynasty of The Justinians The Imperial Dynasty of The Heraclians Chart 70: The Imperial Dynasty of The Isaurians The Imperial Dynasty of The Armorians (Frigians) The Imperial Dynasty of The Lacapenos Chart 71: The Imperial Dynasty of The Macedonians Chart 72: The Imperial Dynasty of The Ducas The Imperial Dynasty of The Comnenus

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Chart 73: The Imperial Dynasty of The Angelos The Imperial Dynasty of The Lascaris

Chart 74: The Imperial Dynasty of The Paleologos Chart 75: Emperors of Trabizond Caliphates Chart 76 The Origins of the Arab Dynasties and First Caliphs Chart 77 The Caliph Umayyads Dynasty in Syria Chart 78/79 The Caliph Abbasids Dynasty in Irac and Egypt Chart 80 The Imam Fatimids Dynasty in Egypt Chart 81 The Caliph Fatimids Dynasty in Egypt Chart 82 The Sultan Dynasty of Umayads in Cordoba Chart 83 The Emir Dynasty of Nasrids in Granada Crusades States Chart 84: The Principal Dynasty of The Tancred Chart 85: The Royal Dynasty of The Jerusalem Chart 86: The Latin Emperors of Constantinople

Fourth Part: Europe France Chart 87/88: The Royal Dynasty of Mérovingian Chart 89: The Pipinides Chart 90: The Imperial Dynasty of Carolingians Chart 91/92/93: The Royal Dynasty of Capetians Chart 94 The Royal Dynasty of Valois Chart 95: The Royal Dynasty of Valois-Orléan and Valois–Angoulême Chart 96: The Royal Dynasty of Bourbon Chart 97: The Imperial Dynasty of Bonaparte Chart 98: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Bourbon-Orléan

Chart 99: The Duke Dynasty of Normans in Normandy Chart 100: The Duke Dynasty of Anjou 1st House Chart 101: The Duke Dynasty of Anjou 3rd House Chart 102/103: The Duke Dynasty of Brittany Chart 104/105 The Duke & Earl Dynasty of Burgundy Chart 106/107/108: The Duke Dynasty of Lorraine Chart 109: The Duke Dynasty of Beauharnais Chart 110: The Bastards of Henri IV and Louis XIV Chart 111: The Dukes and Counts of Bourbon & Bourbon- Montpensier Chart 112: The Dukes and Counts of Vendôme & Marche Chart 113: The Counts Condé, Soissons & Conti Spain Chart 114/115: The Royal Dynasty of Visigoth Chart 116/117: The Counts and Royal Dynasty of Arista and Jimena in Navarra Chart 118/119: The French Royal Dynasty in Navarra Chart 120/121: The Royal Dynasties of Pelayez and Perez in Asturia, Leon and Galicia Chart 122: The Counts Dynasty Bellonides of Barcelona and Sánches in Catalonia Chart 123/124: The Counst Dynasty of Galindez and Royal Dynasty of Barcelona in Aragon Chart 125: The Counts and Kings Dynasty of Lara and Royal Dynasty of Gonzáles in Castile and Leon Chart 126: The Royal Dynasty of Navarra and Burgundy in Castile and Leon Chart 127/128: The Royal Dynasty of Trastamára in Castile and Leon Chart 129: The Royal Dynasty of Habsburg Chart 130/131: The Royal Dynasty of Bourbon

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Portugal Chart 132: The Royal Dynasty of Burgundy Chart 133: The Royal Dynasty of Aviz Chart 134/135: The Royal Dynasty of Braganza Chart 136: The Counts Dynasty of Bourbon-Orléan Braganza & Nemours Italy Chart 137: The Royal Dynasties of Ostrogot’s Chart 138: The Royal Dynasties of Longobard’s Chart 139: The Imperial Dynasty of Carolingians Chart 140: The Royal Dynasty of Anjou – the 2nd House Chart 141/142/143/144: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Savoy Chart 145: The Duke Dynasty of Medici Chart 146: The Duke Dynasty of D’ Este Chart 147: The Duke Dynasty of Visconti and Sforza Chart 148: The Duke Dynasty of Gonzaga Chart 149: The Duke Dynasty of Farnese Chart 150: The Earl Dynasty of Borgia and della Rovere Chart 151: The Royal Dynasty of Bourbon: The Kings Two Sicilies

Chart 152: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Bourbon/Parma List 10: The List of the Venetian Doges List 11: The List of Popes and Antipopes Belgium Chart 153: The Royal Dynasty of Flanders and Hainaut Chart 154/155: The Royal Dynasty of Dampierre Chart 156: The Royal Dynasty of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Netherlands Chart 157: The Royal Dynasty of Friesland

Chart 158: The Royal Dynasty of Hainaut Chart 159/160: The Royal Dynasty of Nassau-Orange Luxemburg Chart 161/162: The Royal Dynasty of Luxemburg Chart 163/164: The High Dukes Dynasty of Nassau United Kingdom Chart 165: Kings of Kent Chart 166: Kings of Bernicia and Deira – Northumbria Chart 167: Princes and Kings of Gwynedd, Deheubarth, Powys and Seisyllwg in Wales Chart 168: Kings of East Anglia List 12: Kings of Sussex Chart 169: Kings of Essex List 13: Kings of York Chart 170: Kings of Mercia Chart171: King of Wessex Chart 172: The Royal Dynasty of Saxon Chart 173: The Royal Dynasty of Norman Chart 174: The Royal Dynasty of Plantagenet Chart 175: The Royal Dynasty of Lancaster Chart 176: The Royal Dynasty of York Chart 177: The Royal Dynasty of Tudor Chart 178: The Royal Dynasty of Stuart Chart 179: The Royal Dynasty of Hanoverians Chart 180: The Royal Dynasty of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Chart 181/182: The Royal Dynasty of Windsor Chart 183/184: The Duke Dynasty of Norfolk Chart 185: The Duke Dynasty of Somerset Chart 186: The Duke Dynasty of Marlborough and Spencer Chart 187: The Duke Dynasty of St. Albans

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Chart 188: The Duke Dynasty of Grafton Chart 189: The Duke Dynasty of Bedford Chart 190: The Duke Dynasty of Hamilton & Brandon Chart 191: The Duke Dynasty of Hamilton Chart 192: The Duke Dynasty of Northumberland Chart 193: The Duke Dynasty of Sutherland Chart 194: The Duke Dynasty of Richmond & Lennox & Gordon Scotland Chart 195: Royal Dynasty of Picts Chart 196: The Royal Dynasty Dalraida Chart 197: The Royal Dynasty of McAlpin Chart 198/199: The Royal Dynasty of Athol Chart 200: The High Stewards Dynasty Chart 201: The Royal Dynasty of Stewart Ireland Chart 202: The Royal Dynasty of O’Néill Germany Chart 203: The Imperial Dynasty of Carolingians Chart 204: The Imperial Dynasty of Saxony Chart 205: The Imperial Dynasty of Franconia Chart 206: The Imperial Dynasty of Hohenstaufen List 14: Duchies: Wurttemberg, Wittelbach, Palahtinate of Rhine and Wettin in Saxony Chart 207: The Royal Dynasty of Hanover Chart 208: The Dynasty Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp Chart 209: The Duke Dynasty of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Chart 210: The Royal Dynasty of Brunswick Chart 211: The Duke Dynasty of Hesse Chart 212: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Hesse-Cassel

Chart 213: The Duke Dynasty of Hesse-Darmstadt Chart 214/215: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Mecklenburg- Schwerin Chart 216: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Chart 217: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Württemberg Chart 218/219: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Wettin Chart 220/221: The Duke and Royal Dynasty of Wittelbach Chart 222: The Duke Dynasty of Holstein-Zondeburg- Augustenburg Chart 223: The Duke Dynasty of Holestin-Zondeburg-Glücksburg Chart 224: The Duke Dynasty of Baden List 15: Emperors of The Holy Roman Empire Chart 225/226/227: The Imperial Dynasty of Hohenzollern Austria Chart 228: The Counts and Dukes Dynasty of Babenberg Chart 229/230: The Counts and Dukes Dynasty of Hapsburg Chart 231: The Dukes and Royal Dynasty of Hapsburg Chart 232: The Dukes, Royal and Imperial Dynasty of Hapsburg Chart 233/234/235: The Emperor Line of Hapsburg Chart 236/237: The Imperial Dynasty of Hapsburg-Lorraine Chart 238: The Dukes Dynasties of Hapsburg-Toscany and Hapsburg-Modena Chart 239: The Lost Hapsburgs Hungary Chart 240/241: The Royal Dynasty of Árpád Chart 242: The Royal Dynasty of Luxemburg and Jagiello Chart 243: The Royal Dynasty of Corvinus Bohemia / Czech Chart 244/245: The Royal Dynasty of Pŕemysl

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List 16: Rulers of Great Moravia Chart 246: The Royal Dynasty of Luxemburg, Hapsburg and Jagiello Chart 247: The Royal Dynasty of Podébrad Poland Chart 248: The Royal Dynasty of Piast Chart 249: The Dukes Dynasty of Silesia and Oppeln Chart 250: The Dukes and Kings Chart 251: The Dukes Dynasties Kuiavia, Masovia and Luxemburgs Kings Chart 252: The Royal Dynasties of Jagiello and Vasa List 17: Elected Kings of Poland Lithuania Chart 253: The Duke and Royal Dynasty Jagiello Latvia List 18: Grand Masters of the Teutonic Order Estonia List 19: Rulers of Estonia Finland List 20: Rulers of Finland Iceland List 21: Rulers of Iceland Scandinavia Chart 254: Early Kingdoms

Denmark Chart 255: The First Royal Dynasty in Denmark

Chart: 256/257/258: The Royal Dynasty of Estrith Chart 259/260: The Royal Dynasty of Oldenburg Chart 261: The Royal Dynasty of Glücksburg Chart 262: The Royal Dynasty of Glücksburg today Sweden Chart 263/264/265: The Royal Dynasty of Olofson-Jedverssen Chart 266: The Royal Dynasty of Vasa Chart 267: The Royal Dynasty of Holstein-Gottorp Chart 268: The Royal Dynasty of Bérnadotte Chart 269: The Royal Dynasty of Bérnadotte today Norway Chart 270/271/272: The Royal Dynasty of Haraldsson Chart 271a: Dynastic Connections Between Scandinavs and Germans Dynasties Chart 273: The Royal Dynasty of Glücksburg Vikings Chart 274: Kings of Dublin & York Chart 275: Jarls of Orkney & Man Chart 276: Jarls of Norway & Yutland Chart 277: Jarls of Gotland & Vigen Russia Chart 278: The Dukes Dynasties of Rurik Chart 279: Izjaslav Chart 280: Vladimir Chart 281: Izjaslav I Chart 282: Svjyatoslav II

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Chart 283: Vsevolod Chart 284: Izyaslav II Chart 285: Rostislav Chart 286: Vasilko Chart 287: Alexandar Nevsky Chart 288: Andrey II and Yaroslav III Chart 289: Family Tree of Saburov and Godunov Chart 290/291: The Imperial Dynasty of Romanov Moldavia Chart 292: The Duke Dynasty of Bogdan Romania Chart 293: The Duke Dynasty of Bessarab in Walachia Chart 294: The Others Dukes Dynasties in Walachia Chart 295: The Royal Dynasty of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Bulgaria Chart 296: The First Bulgarian Empire Chart 297: The Second Bulgarian Empire Chart 298: The Royal Dynasty of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Greece Chart 299: The Royal Dynasty of Glücksburg Slovenia Chart 300: The Counts Dynasty of Cilli Croatia Chart 301: The Royal Dynasty of Trpimirovich-Kreshimirovich Chart 302/303/304/305: The Dukes Dynasty of Shubich-Zrinski Chart 306/307/308/309/: The Dukes Dynasty of Frankopan

Bosnia and Herzegovina Chart 310/311: The Royal Dynasty of Cotroman Chart 312: The Dukes Dynasty of Hrvatinich Chart 313: The Dukes Dynasty of Kosacha Chart 314: The Great Vizier Dynasty of Sokolovich Montenegro Chart 315: The Dukes Dynasty of Balshich Chart 316: The Dukes Dynasty of Crnoyevich Chart 317: The Bishops Dynasty of Njegosh Serbia Chart 318: The Royal Dynasty of Nemanjich Chart 319: The Dukes Dynasty of Lazarevich Chart 320: The Dukes Dynasty of Brankovich Chart 321: The Royal Dynasty of Obrenovich Chart 322/323: The Royal Dynasty of Karadjordjevich Macedonia Chart 324: The Imperial Dynasty of Cometopuli in Macedonia Albania Chart 325: The Duke Dynasty of Skenderbeg Chart 326: The Prince Dynasty of Topia Chart 327: The Royal Dynasty of Zogu Cyprus Chart 328: The Royal Dynasty of Lusignan Malta List 22: Grand Masters of St John’s Knights

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Monaco Chart 329/330: The Prince Dynasty of Grimaldi Liechtenstein Chart 331/332: The Duke Dynasty of Liechtenstein Turkey Chart 333: The Sultan's Dynasties of Seljcuk Chart 334/335/336: The Sultan’s Dynasty of Ottoman List 23: All Sultans Parents, Wives and Childrens Fifth Part: Genealogical Trees and Dynastic Connections Chart 337: Dinastic Connection Between XVIIIth, XIXth and XXth Faraohs Dynasties in Egypt Chart 338: Dinastic Connection Between Persian Dynasty of Achaemenes Chart 339: Dinastic Connection Between Macedonian Dynasies of Perdiccas, Antigonids and Antipatrids Chart 340: Dinastic Connection Between Dynasty of Seleucides Chart 341: Dinastic Connection Between Dynasty of Ptolemids Chart 342: Dinastic Connections Between Dynasty of Julians- Claudians Chart 343: Dinastic Connections between Dynasties of Military Emperors, The Flavians, The Antonins and The Severs Chart 344: Dinastic Connections between Dynasties of of Ilyrians, The Constantines, The Valentines, The Theodosians and The Tracianids Chart 345: Dynastic Connections of The Duca, The Comnenus, The Angelus and The Lascaris Chart 346: Dinastic Connections between Hungaria, Bysantian

Empire and Russia Chart 347: Dynastic Connections between of Bysantian Empire, Russia and Kingdoms of Central Europe Chart 348: Dinastic Connections among the Balcan Kingdoms Chart 349: Dynastic Connections of the French Dynasties Chart 350: Dynastic Connections of the English Dynasties Chart 351: Dynastic Connections between the English and French Kingdoms Chart 352: Dynastic Connections of the Hapsburg Dynasty Chart 353: Dynastic Connections of the Savoy Dynasty Chart 354: Dynastic Connections in Reconquista in Spain Chart 355: Dynastic Connections in Spain Chart 356: Dynastic Connections Dynasties between in the Holy Roman Empire Chart 357: Dynastic Connections of the Hohenzollern Dynasty Chart 358: Dynastic Connections of the Bourbon Dynasties Chart 359: Dynastic Connections of the Savoys to the Bourbons and the Habsburgs Chart 360: Dynastic Connections in Scandinavia Chart 361: Dynastic Connections in Scandinavia before The Union of Kalmar Chart 362: Dynastic Connections of the Romanov Dynasty Chart 363: Dynastic Connections before and at the Time of the First World War Chart 364: European Royal Family from XVII Century until the Present-Day Chart 365: European Royal Family of Detronized Kings Chart 366/367/368/369: First Worlds bankings Empire: Rothschilds Chart 370: Second Worlds bankings Empire: Rockefellers Chart 371: Greatest Worlds oils Empire: Dynasty Saud Chart 372/373: Royality Ancestors of Presidens of USA

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Sixth Part: Ancestral Charts Chart 374: Ancestry of emperor of Rome Caligula Chart 375: Ancestry of emperor of Rome Nero Chart 376: Ancestry of emperor Byzantium Constantin XI Chart 377: Ancestry of king of France Louis IX Chart 378: Ancestry of king of France Louis XIV Chart 379: Ancestry of king of England Henrik VIII Chart 380: Ancestry of queeen of Great Britain Victoria Chart 381: Ancestry of emperor Holy Roman Empire Karl V Chart 382: Ancestry of queen of Austria Maria Teresia Chart 383: Ancestry of emperor of Holly Roman Empire Franz II

Chart 384: Ancestry of king of Prussia Friedrich II The Great Chart 385: Ancestry of emperor of Germany Wilhelm I Chart 386: Ancestry of king of Spain Carlos II Chart 387: Ancestry of queen of Spain Isabella I

Chart 388: Ancestru of king of Portugal Carlos I Chart 389: Ancestry of king of Italy Vittorio Emanuelle II Chart 390: Ancestry of king of Denmark Christian IX Chart 391: Ancestry of queen of Sweden Christina Chart 392: Ancestry of king of Sweden Gustaf IV Adolf Chart 393: Ancesty of king of Norway Olav V Chart 394: Ancestry of queen of Netherlands Beatrix Chart 395: Ancestry of king of Belgium Baudouin I Chart 396: Ancestry of high duke of Luxemburg Jean Chart 397: Ancestry of empres of Russia Katarina II The Great Chart 398: Ancestry of emperor of Russia Nikolay II Chart 399: Ancestry of king of Romania Mihalj I Chart 400: Ancestry of king of Bulgaria Boris III Chart 401: Ancestry of king of Greece Konstantinos II Chart 402: Ancestry of king of Yugoslavia Petar II

Chart 403: The Pedigree of Emperor of Franks Charles I The Great Chart 404: Family Tree of First Father of Europa Charles I The Great Chart 405: Family Tree of Second Father of Europa John Villem Friso Prince of Orange Seventh Part: Sinoptic Tables and Lists Sinoptic Table 3: Dynastyc Line Sinoptic Table 4: The Comparative List of Kings Sinoptic Table 5: Pretendres in Europa List 24: Longest ruling rulers List 25: Assasination Kings List 26: Nicknames of rulers List 27: List of rulers known as The Great List 28: Importnant Monarchies

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"Sic transit gloria mundi." (Latin Proverb: World glory does not last.) It is always hard to find history books that present genealogies of sovereigns and influential personage. For example in the three volumed "History of the Ottoman Empire" by Hammer, there is no a single genealogy and "History of the World", a major work of a group of German university professors, contains only 3 of them.

From history books we can learn a substantial amount of information but an industrious reader may wish to get an overall picture of the links between contemporary crowns and track causes and reasons of happenings and decisions further back into the past. Most family trees listed in these books only deal with a number of generations, not trying to trace ancestry back into the early history. Also written genealogies will show a chosen viewpoint of history and may not show a broader picture. This is a reason for this collection of family trees of European dynasties and influential aristocracy as an attempt at syntheses of the expertise and knowledge of a number of authors in the domain of history. It should be noted that all the genealogies are reasonably simplified so that the reader can easily find his way through. The intention is to present a complete collection of important family trees. In that way the book can be used to navigate through the centuries and the families as a source of its own but also to complement books that have as a subject or a framework part of European history.

The book, laconic in the expression concentres at a thorough graphical presentation rather than explanations. It is extremely resourceful gathering data from literally tens of books

stretching through the ages and countries. It cannot replace all those beautiful history books, but certainly can clarify them.

Genealogy is a discipline of history but it is older than history itself. From ancient times aristocratic families tried to prove their noble background by recording their family trees while monarchs tried to prove a direct descent from pagan gods. Some, on the other hand, tried to keep their roots and affairs quite obscure.

For better understanding of history and politics genealogies are very important. In them one can clearly see all married and de facto relationships, unions, political alliances and friendships. Territorial changes in the European map can often be understood bearing in mind that provinces were given away as part of royal dowry. There is a famous saying of Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary : "Bella gerant alii, tu felix Austria nube - nam quae Mars aliis, dat tibi regna Venus." (Let others fight wars, and you, lucky Austria, wed, because kingdoms that are given to others by Mars, will be given to you by Venus.) That applies not only to the Habsburgs but almost to all dynasties of Europe. Acquisition of territories through diplomacy and dynastic marriages propelled some of the families to the absolute paramount of power. One can note that from the oldest times all royal dynasties tried to be one large family, a clan in which their family would be the leading one. They mixed with each other so much that not a single living member of any royal family could claim to be entirely English, Spaniard or Swede. That is one of the morals of this book: there are no "clean" nations, nor states. There were many marriages between relatives in the second or third degree and monarchs of Europe tried to "refresh" their blood with marriages to foreigners which resulted in having more of foreign than their own domiciliary national genes.

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These interrelations with other families were not always too selective and some families came out to be without an heir and on verge of disappearance.

The book has three parts. The first part is is made up of diagrams of national and state dynasties. The second part is made up of gradual genealogies (from great-great-grandfather, great-grandfather, grandfather, father, towards son, grandson, etc.) in which descendants are followed through male line. For female relatives the continuation of their descendants is shown in another genealogy, the genealogy of their husband. The exceptions are the queens. The third part of the book is an appendix. In its first part there are family trees of the most influential European dynasties and the family relationships among them showing their alliances, coalitions, interest and ambitions. The second part of the appendix contains family trees of most influential and the latest as well as the living European monarchs. These trees present ascendants on father's and mother's side in three generations (father, grandfather, great-grandfather and mother, grandmother, great-grandmother). They are fundamental for an easier understanding of family genealogy tables and often very complicated family relations. The third part a comparative schematic presentation of eminent European families. At the end a synoptic map of European sovereigns is showing in parallel kings - contemporaries.

The book tries to equally represent almost all the European nations. They influenced map of the rest of the world. It starts with the Ancient World and the Roman Empire, continues with the Byzantium. The Arab Caliphates are represented too because they made an enormous impact on cultural and technological development of The Western Europe (its philosophy, mathematics, medicine and geography). After that the Middle Age dynasties are looked at. Some of them ruled

in a straight line until the 20th century, e.g: Capets, Osmans, Habsburgs, Savoys, Glücksburgs and Romanovs.

In addition, the Genghis Khan's and Tamerlane's descendants are shown in one of the tables because of great world migrations caused by invasions of these great conquerors.

The book ends with the 20th century and the youngest descendants of existing royal and aristocratic trees. Altogether there are 274 royal, imperial and noble families presented from 96 countries (out of which many does not exist any more) in 405 genealogy trees, 28 inventories of rulers, and 5 sinoptic tables, with over 400 coats of arms.

In history books sometimes different sources explain the facts the way it suits them. Additionally inconsistencies with years occur. One year can be referred in three sources, but in the fourth that is equally important and reliable a different year is mentioned. Even a single author sometimes lists different dates related to a historical person. The author of these lines was lead by frequency of facts, the ones that are mentioned often he took as more likely. For verification he used Encyclopaedia Britannica, Encyclopaedia Americana and Larousse though even across them sometimes consistency is sometimes lacking. Quite common literature is that names of personalities are spelled in the transcript of the mother tongue of an author. In this book, the author made sure that names are written in the original spelling to the pertaining persona's background.

I hope this book will shed some light on complicated European past.

Autor Banjaluka, Stockhom, Oslo, Köln, Amsterdam, Sarajevo, Split

1978 – 2009

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ALTHEIM F.: Feudalismus unter den Sasaniden, 1954, ANDERSEN K. T.: Die Chronologie der Könige von Israel, 1969, ANDERSON J.: Genalogical of Kings, 1976, ANĐELIĆ P.: Hronike i rodoslovi, 1974, ANĐELIĆ, P.: Doba srednjovjekovne bosanske države, 1984, ARIÉ R.: L'Espagne muslumane au temps des Naşrides, 1973, ARONSON T.: The Coburgs of Belgium, 1968, ASHLEY M.: British Kings and Queens, 1998, Autors of Germany: History of the World, 1976, Autors of Italy: Povijest Svijeta, 2007, Autors: Povijest Bosne i Hercegovine, 1998, BAER K.: Egyptian Chronology, 1976, BALZER O.: Genealogia Piastov. Krakow, 1995, BARTHOLD V. V.: Ulugh-beg, 1958, BAŠAGIĆ S.: Kratka uputa u prošlost BiH, 1900. BAUMGARTEN N.: Généalogies des branches régnantes des Rurikides du XIII e au XVIe siecle, 1934, BAUMGARTEN N.: Généalogies et mariages occidentaux Rurikides Russes du Xe au XIII e siecle, 1969, BECKARTH J.: Handbuch der ägyptishcen Königsnamen, 1984, BECKER J.: Badische Geschichte vom Grossherzogtum, 1970, BEHR C. von: Genelogical of european dinasties, 1870, BERGAMINI J. D.: The Spanish Bourbons, 1974, BEVAN R.: The House of Seleucus, 1972. BIŠĆEVIĆ V.: Bosanski namjesnici osmanskog doba, 2006. BLEIBERG G.: Diccionario de historie de España, 1969, BOER de D. & CORDFUNKE E.: Gravinnen van Holland, 2005, BOSL K.: Handbuch der Geschichte der böhmischen Länder, 1970,

BOSWORTH C.E.: The New Islamic Dynasties, 1996, BÖING G.: History of the World, 1990, BRANDT M.: History of middle ages, 1980, BURKE B.: King’s families of the World, 1977, BURKE'S Guide by Royal Family, 1973, BURKE'S Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 1999 BÜSCH O.: Preußische Geschichte, 1981, BYRNE F. J.: Irish Kings and Higs-Kings, 1973, CARALT L. De: Pretendents on trhone of Europe, 1970, CARPENTER C.: Book of Kings, 1976, CAUTANT S. G. de: Emperors House of Europe, 1964, CESSI R.: Venezia ducale, 1965, CHAUME M.: Le origines de duché de Bourgogne, 1957, CLAYTON P. A.: Chronickle of the Pharaos, 1994, COOK J. M.: The Persian Empire, 1983, COX E. L.: The House of Savoy, 1974, CRANKSHAW E.: The Hapsburgs, 1983, ČOROVIĆ V.: Istorija Srba, 1989, ĆIRKOVIĆ S.: Herceg Stjepan i njegovo doba, 1932. DAVIES N.: A history of Poland, 1979, De SAINT-SAUVEUR D.: Historie de Bretagne, 1957, DEK A. W. E.: Genealogie der graven van Holland, 1969, DIRLMEIER U.: History of Germany, 1999, DIZDAR M.: Stari bosanski tekstovi, 1987. DODSON A.: Monarchs of the Nile, 2000, DORNIC F.: Historie de l' Anjou, 1971, DOUBLAS D. C.: William The Conqueror, 1964, DUBY G.: Historie de la France, 1972,

B i b l i o g r a p h y

IV

DURUY V.: History of France, 1968, DWORZACZEK W.: Genealogical, 1959, EBLING E.: Reallexicon der Assyrologie, 2001, EDWARDS I. E. S.: Cambridge Ancient History, 1975, EDWARDS M.: The Great Khans,1997, Enciklopedia Britanica i Macropedia, 1-29, 1997, Enciklopedija hrvatske povijesti i kulture, 1980, Enciklopedija Jugoslavije, 1-6, 1983. Encyclopedia of Americana, 1-30, 1987, Eneciklopedique Larous, 1-15, 1982. ENGELSTOFT P.: Dansk biografisk Leksikon, 1964, ERLANGE P.: The age of court and Kings, 1967, ERRINGTON R. M.: A History of Macedonia, 1990, FAJFRIĆ Ž.: Sveta loza Stefana Nemanje, 1998, FAWITER R.: The Capetian Kings of France, 1941. FILIPOVIĆ N.: Islamizacija na Balkanu, 1976, FINE J.V.A.: The Early/Late Medieval Balkans, 1987, FIRE E.: Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 2004, FISHER G.; Monarchy and the Royal Family, 1979, FORESST W. G.: A History of Sparta, 1969, FORETIĆ V.: Povijest Dubrovnika, 1980, FRYDE E. B.: Handbook of British Chronology, 1986, GEBERHARD B.: Handbuch der deutschen Geshichte, 1976, GIBB H. A. R.: Encyklopaedia of Islam, 2002, GIBSON P.: Millennium of european monarchies, 1958, GIES Mc. D.: The Habsburgs, 1966, GOLDSTEIN I.: Hrvatski rani srednji vijek, 1995, GOTHA Almanach, 1763/1944, Grande enciclopedia Italiana 1-20, 1989, GRANT M.: A Guide to the Ancient World 1986, Great Russian enciclopedia 1-31, 1970, HABICHT C.: The Hellenistic Monarchies, 200,

HAMMER J. von: History of Ottoman empire, 1-3, 1979, HEINEMANN O.: Geschichte von Braunschweig&Hannover, 1992, HEINRICH G.: Geschichte Preussens, 1981, HELE K.: Aschehougs Norges historie, 1-15, 1995, HEWSEN R. H.: A Historical Atlas, 2001 HITTI P. K.: History of the Arabs, 1963, HOLT P. M.: Egypt and the Fertile Crescent, 1966, HOPF K.: Historical-genealogical Atlas, 1858, HORVAT J.: Politička povijest Hrvatske, 1989, HUBERTY M.: Germans dinasties 1-4, 1976, HUSSEY J. M.: Cambridge Medival History, 1967, IMAMOVIĆ M.: Historija Bošnjaka, 1998. ISENBURG W. K.: Geschishte den Europäischen Staaten, 1-5,1960, JIREČEK K.: Istorija Srba, 1-4, 1952, JUKIĆ I. F.: Zemljopis i poviesnica Bosne, 1851, JURGĖLA C.: History of the Lithuanian Nation, 1948, KÁLMÁN B.: Magyarország Történeti Kronológiája, 1981, KAMBEROVIĆ H.: Begovski zemljišni posjedi u BiH, 2005. KANN R. A.: The Hapsburg Empire & Multinational Empire, 1964, KELLY J.: Vite dei papi, 1995, KERREBROUCK P. van: The House of Bourbon, 1987, KLAIĆ N.: Povijest Hrvata u srednjem vijeku, 1990., KLAIĆ N.: Srednjovjekovna Bosna, 1964. KLAIĆ V.: Knezovi Frankapani, 1991, KLAIĆ V.: Povijest Bosne, 1938, KLAIĆ V.: Povijest Hrvata, Zagreb 1974, KLAIĆ V.: Šubići-Zrinski i Frankopani, 1932, KLAIĆ V.: Veliki vojvoda Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić, 1934, KNETSCH K. G. P.: Das Landgrafen von Hessen, 1931, KÖTZSCHKE R. & KRETZCHMAR H.: Sächische Geschichte, 1965, KÖYMEN M. A.: Selçuklu devri Türk tarihi, 1963, KREŠEVLJAKOVIĆ H.: Bosanski Sandžak, 1972,

V

KREŠEVLJAKOVIĆ H.: Kapetanije u BiH, 1954, KRUSCH B.: Chronologica regum Francorum stripis Merowingicae, 1920, LAKE C.: European Rulers 1060-1981, 1981, KUVAČIĆ M.: Thanatos anđeo heroja, 2002, LABANDE L. H.: Historie de la principauté de Monaco, 1964, LANGER W. L.: Encyclopedia of the World history, 1952, Le RIDER G.: Suse sous les Séleucides, 1965, LECHNER K.: Die Babenberger, 1976, LEGUAI A.: Historie du Bourbonnais, 1974, LÉONARD E. G.: Les Angevins de Naples, 1954, LÉVI-PROVENÇAL E.: Historie de l'Espagne muslumane, 1967, LIVERMORE H. V.: A History of Portugal, 1947, LORENZ O.: Genealogisches Handbuch der europaischen Staatengeschichte, 1968, LOUDA J., MACLAGAN M.: Arms Book King of Europe, l981, ŁOWMIAŃSKI H.: Historia Polski do roku 1764, 1957, MAGOSCI P. R.: Historic Atlas East Central Europe, 1993, MALAMAT A.: The Age of the Monarchies, 1979, MALCOM N.: Povijest BiH, 1994, MANGAN J. J.: The King's favour, 1991, MANVELICVILI A.: Histoire de la Georgie, 1951 MARKUŠ J.: Rodoslovi dinastija Zete i Crne Gore, 2004, MAŠKIN N. A. History of ancient Rome, 1948, McGUIGAN D. G.: Familie Habsburg 1273 bis 1918. 1953, McKITTERICK R.: The Frankish Kingdoms, 1969, MERCIER J. Povijest Vatikana, 2001, MIKLAND K.: Norges historie 1-15, 1976/80. MILIĆ M. Pape, 1998, MILTON-DAVIDSON J.: The Spanish Hapsburgs, 1980, ***Monarchs Rulers Dinasties and Kingdoms of the World, 1983, MONTGOMERI H.: Royal Families of the World, 1977,

MORBY J. E.: Dynasties of the World, 1989, MORERI L.: Encyclopedia of the World history, 1969, МOSOLOV А. А.: При дворе последнего царя, 2006. NANTIGNY C. L. de: History of Genealogia, 1956, NEUMMANNN H. J.: Erbkrankheiten in Fürstenhaüser, 1993, NICHOLSON H.: Kingdoms, 1962, NÖEL J. F.: Le Saint Empire, 1976, ***Norks biografisk Leksikon, 1983, OCHMAŃSKI J.: Jagiello, Jagiellonen, 2000, OPĆA Enciklopedija JAZU, 1-9, 1983, ORBINI M.: Kraljevstvo Slavena, 1979, OSTROGORSKI G.: History of Bizantium, 1981, PCHELOV E.V.: Rurikovichi: Istoriya dinastii, 2002, PETERS F. E.: The Harvest of Hellenism, 1970, PHILBY H.: Sa'udi Arabia, 1968, POULL G.: La maison ducale de Lorraine, 1968, PRAWDIN M.: The Mongol Empire,1967, REDFORD D. B.: The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, 2001, REIFENSCHEID R.: The Hapsburgs, 1984. ROBERTS G. B.: The Royal Descents of The United States, 1993, ROBERTS G. B. & REITWIESNER W. A.,: American Ancestors, 1984, ROMANO G.&SOLMI A.: Le dominazioni barbariche, 1940, RONALD A. & RIDDELL S.,: The Royal Encyclopedia 1991, ROSS M. & BERTOLD S.: Rulers of the World, 1978, RUNCIMAN S.: A History of the Crusades, 1954, RUSH A. de L.: Ruling Families of Arabia, 1991, Russian Enciklopedia, 1-31, 1970. SAMUEL A. E.: Ptolomaic Chronology, 1962, SCHEVILL F.: History of Florence, 1963, SCHNEIDER E.: Würtembergische Geschichte, 1996,

VI

SCHÜRER E.: History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, 1987, SETTIPANI C.: Les Ancêtres de Charlemagne, 1989. SETTON K. M.: A History of the Crusades, 1985, SEWARD D.: Bourbon’s Kings, 1976, SINOR D.: History of Hungary, 1976, SOKOP B.: Europäisher Herrscherhäuser, 1993. SPINLER M.: Handbuch der bayerischen Geschichte, 1975, STOKRIS A. M.: History and Chronology, 1888, STEARNS P. N.: The Encyclopedia of World History, 2001, STOL M.: Studies in Old Babylonian History, 1976, STRADONITZ K. van: Atlas Kings of Europe, 1898, STRUBBE E. I.: De chronologie van de middeleeuwen en de moderne tijden in de Nederlanden, 1960, SUETONIUS G. T.: De vita Caesarum, 1956, SUTHERLAND E.: Romanovs, 1965, ***Svensk biografiskt Lexikon, 2000. ŠABANOVIĆ H.: Bosanski pašaluk, 1955, ŠIDAK J.: Pet stoljeća hrvatske povijesti, 1981, ŠIŠIĆ F.: Povijest Hrvata, 1-3, 1962, TACITUS P. C.: Annalen, 1964. TAPSELL R. F.: Kings of the World, 1983, TAYLOR E.: Fall of Dinasties, 1963, TAYLOR E.: The Hapsburgs Monarchy, 1990, TOWNWNS P.: Genealogical and Heraldic History, 1972, UNESCO Redaktion: Historija Svijeta, 1-20, 1978, VASARY I.: Cumans and Tatars, 2005, VEH O.: Lexikon der Römishen Kaiser, 1994, VELKOV V. I.: Istoria na Bǔlgaria, 1991, VERNUS P., YOYOTTE J.: The Book of the Pharaohs, 2003, VIVIAN H. H. G.: The Madnes of Kings, 2005. VOLKMANN J. C.: Généalogies des Rois et des Princes, 1989,

WANDRUSZKA A.: The House of Habsburg, 1964, WDOWISZEWSKI Z.: Genealogia Jagellonow, 1968, WILLIAMSON D.: History of Great Britain, 1978, WILLIAMSON D.: Kings of Europe, 1987, WOOD I. N.: The Merovingian Kingdoms, 1994, WRANGLEL F.U.: Les Maisons Souveraines de l’Europe, 1998, ZAMBUR E.: Chronology of islam, 1927, ZEUMER K.: Die Chronologie der Westgothenkönige, 1992.

VII

* born � died as pagan � died as jews † died as christian � died as moslem ≈ circa, unknown date ≠ illegitimate relationships ∞1850 marriage and year ∞1811/21 mariage and year divorced 1∞ 2∞ 3∞ the 1st marriage, the 2nd marriage, the 3rd marriage, etc. (1) (2) (3) child by 1st marriage, child by 2nd marriage, child by 3rd marriage, etc. 1498/1515 ruled R 1515/16 regent Louis current ruler of dynasty iswritten bold Mary* or Mary¹ the same person on the same chart or the next chart ( → ) see right ( ← ) see left ( ↑ ) see up ( ↓ ) see below or the next table (→) see chart

(A→H) see Austria, Dynasty of Habsburg. The first abbreviation is always a symbol for the state, the second is abbreveation for the dynasty. See abbreviations of countries and dynasties nest page.

S y m b o l s

VIII

Ab. archbishop of… GrM great master of… AD ano Domini Adc. archduchess of… Adk. archduke of... Arch. archbishop of... ab. abdicadet as. alias at. attempt B brother of… BC before Christ Bs. bishop of… bs. bastard of... Cd. cardinal of… Cn. comte of… Cr. coruler Cs. comtesse of… D daughter of... Dc. duchess of… Dk. duke of… Dyn. dynasty d. dictator dp. deposed E emperor/empress of… El. elector of… ex. executed F father of… G general of… GD granddaughter of… Gf. graf of… GGD greatgranddaughter of… GGD granddaughter of… GDk. great duke of…

GS grandson of… GV governor of… H high HD high duke Hr. heir HRE holy roman emperor or Holy Roman Empire Hz. herzog K king of … kb. killed in battle kl. kiling Ldg. landgrave of … Lr. lord of… M mayordom Mgf. markgrave of … Mn. minister m. mother of... NN unknown name PM prime minister p. poison Q queen of... R regent of … RL ruled S son or sister of… SD stepdaughter of... S sultan ST stepson of… s. suicide U usurper Vr. viceroy of… T titular W widow of…

A b b r e v i a t i o n s

IX

Abb. of COUNTRY Abb. of DYNASTY

A Austria B Babenberg H Hapsburg HL Hapsburg-Lorraine AG Ancient Greece Pt. Ptolemids Assyria As.

Al. Albania SB Skenderbeg T Topia Bl. Belgium Fl. Flanders Ha. Hainaut D Dampierre SCS Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

Bs. Byzantine Empire Js Justinians Ar. Armorians Mc. Macedonians Dc. Ducas Cm. Comnenus An. Angelus Ls. Lascaris Pl. Palailogos

_____________________ Tr. Emperors of Trabizond__ B Czech/Bohemia P Pŕemysl Babylon Ba. Bg. Bulgaria I b. e. Fisrt bulgarian Empire II b. e. Second bulgarian Empire SCG Saxe Coburg and Gotha

Abb. of COUNTRY Abb. of DYNASTY

BH Bosnia&Herzegovina Ct. Cotromanich H Hrvatinich K Kosacha Sk. Sokolovich

C Croatia TK Trpimirovich-Kreshimirovich Sh. Shubich-Zrinski Fr. Frankopan

Cal. Caliphates M Family of Muhammed U Umayyads A Abbasids

F Fatimids CS Crusades States Ta. Tancreds of Neples&Sicily

Jr. Kings of Jerusalem Con. Kings of Constantinople D Denmark Es. Estrith

O Oldenburg Gl. Glücksburg E England K Kent

DB Deira and Bernicia NU Northumbria Wl. Wales EA East Anglia

E Essex

M Mercia

A b b r e v i a t i o n s o f C o u n t r i e s a n d D y n a s t i e s

X

Abb. of COUNTRY Abb. of DYNASTY

E England Ws. Wessex

S Saxons Nr. Normans P Plantagenets L Lankesters Y Yorks

T Tudors St. Stuarts GB Great Britain Hn. Hannoverians SCG Saxe-Coburg-Gotha W Windsors

Nf. Norfolk Sm. Somerset Sp. Marlborough and Spencer BA St. Albans G Grafton R Bedford H1 Hamilton & Brandon H2 Hamilton Nt. Northumberland Su. Sutherland

RLG Richmond & Lennox & Gordon F France M Merovingians P Pipinides C Carolings Cp. Capetians V Valois

Abb. of COUNTRY Abb. of DYNASTY

F France VO Valois-Orléan BrK Bourbon's Kings A1 Anjou 1st House A2 Anjou 2nd House A3 Anjou 3rd House

BO Bourbon-Orléan Bp. Bonaparte Be. Beauharnais Bs. Bastards Nr. Normans Brt. Brittany/Bretagne Brg. Burgundy/Bourgogne Lr. Loraine Br. Bourbon BrMp. Bourbon-Montpensier BrVd. Bourbon-Vendôme BrMr. Bourbon-Marche BrCd. Bourbon-Condé BrS Bourbon-Soissons

BrCt. Bourbon-Conti G Germany C Carolings

Sx. Saxony Fk. Franconia Hs. Hohenstaufen Ho. Hohenollern HG Holstein-Gottorp SCS Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Bs. Brunswick

XI

Abb. of COUNTRY Abb. of DYNASTY

G Germany H Hesse

HC Hesse-Cassel HD Hesse-Darmstadt Ms. Mecklenburg-Schwerin Mst. Mecklenburg-Strelitz Wr. Wurttemberg W Wettin Wt. Wittelbach HSA Holstein-Zondeburg-Augustenburg HSG Holestin-Zondeburg-Glücksburg

B Baden

Gr. Greece Gl. Glücksburg

H Hungary Ar. Árpád LJ Luxemburg and Jagiellon HE Helenistic EmpireArs. Arsacids

S Sassanids Sel. Seleucids HL Holy Land Mc. Maccabees Her. Herodians I Italy Ost. Ostrogots Lan. Langobards C Carolings A2 Anjou 2nd House S Savoy Est. D'Este VS Visconti and Sforza Gz. Gonzaga

Abb. of COUNTRY Abb. of DYNASTY

I Italy F Farneze Bo. Borgia 2S Two Sicilies (Bourbons) BrP Bourbon-Parma V Venetians Dodges L Luxemburg L Luxemburg Ns. Nassau Liechtenstein Lh. Lt. Lithuania J Jagiellon M Monaco Gr. Grimaldi Mac. Macedonia Com. Cometopuli MN Montenegro Bl. Balshich Cr. Crnojevich Nj. Njegosh Mol. Moldavia M Mushati

N Norway Hr. Haraldsson Gl. Glücksburg Nl. Netherland Frl. Friesland Ha. Hainault NO Nassau-Orange Persia Ach. Achaemenes P Portugal Brg. Burgundy Av. Aviz Bz. Braganza BO Bourbon- Orléan Pl. Poland Ps. Piast J Jagiello (and Vasa)

XII

Abb. of COUNTRY Abb. of DYNASTY

R Russia R Ruriks G Godunov Rom. Romanovs

Re. Roman Empire Jul. Julian's Family Tree Aug. August's Family Tree Ant. Antonian's Family Tree Oct. Octavian's Family Tree Cl. Claudian's Family Tree Claud. Claudius Family Tree Jul.-Cla. Julians-Claudians ME Military Emperors Fl. Flavians I Ilyrians Con. Constantine Val. Valentines Th. Theodosians H Hunnich Kingdom Os. Ostrogot's Kingdom Van. Vandal’s Kingdom

G German’s Kingdom Rom. Romania W Walachia HS Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

S Spain Vg. Visigoths Nv. Navarra

As. Asturia Ca. Catalonia Ar. Aragon CL Castile and Leon

Abb. of COUNTRY Abb. of DYNASTY

S Spain H Spanish Hapsburgs B Spanish Borubons Sc. Scotland Mc. McAlpin At. Athol St. Stuart Sl. Slovenia C Cilli

Sr. Serbia N Nemanjich L Lazaravich Br. Brankovich Kr. Karageorgevich Sw. Sweden OJ Olofson-Jedverssen V Vasa HG Holstein-Gottorp Bd. Bérnadotte

XXIII

Sinoptic Table 1: TITLES

LATIN ENGLISH GERMAN FRANCH ITALIAN SPANISH PORTUGUESE DANISH SWEDISH CZECH POLISH RUSSIAN TURKISH CROATIAN

Imperator Emperor Kaiser Empereur Imperator Emperador Imperador Keizer Kejsare Císař Cesarz Car Sultan Car Imperatrix Empress Kaiserin Imperatrice Imeratrissa Emperatriz Imperatriz Keizerin Kejsarinna Císařovna Cesarzowa Carica Sulatna Carica

Rex King König Roi Re Rey Rei Konge Konung Kral Krõl Kralj Malik Kralj Regina Queen Königin Reine Regina Reina Rainha Dronning Drotning Kralovna Krõlowa Kraljica Malika Kraljica

Princeps Prince Prinz Prince Principe Principe Principe Prins Prins Princ Ksiaze Princ Amir Princ Princepissa Princess Prinzessin Princesse Principessa Princesa Princesa Princesse Princessa Princezna Ksiezna Princeza Amira Princeza

Dux Duke Herzog Duc Duca Duque Duque Hertug Hertig Vévoda Ksiaze Knjaz Pasha Vojvoda Magnus Dux High Duke Grossherzog Grand Duc Gran-duca Gran-duque Grão-Duque Storhertug Storfurste Velkovévoda Wielki Książę, Velikiy Knyaz Vizier Veliki V.

Ducessa Duchess Herzogin Duchesse Duchesa Duquesa Dukueza Hertoginde Hertigina Vévodkyn Ksiezna Kniaginja Vojvotkinja Magna D. High Duchess Grossherzogin Grand Duchesse Gran-ducesa Gran-duquesa Grã-Duquesa Storhertuginde Storfurstinna Velkovévodkyně Wielka Księżna Velikaya Kniagina Velika V.

Domn Lord Herr Seigneur Signore Señor/Don Senhor Herre Herre Lord Pan Pomestnik Beg Lord Doamnâ Lady Herrin Madame Signora Señora/Doña Senhora Fru Fru Dáma Pani Pomestnitsa Ledi Marchio Marquess Markgraf Marquis Marchese Marqués Marquez Markis Markis Markýz Markiz Boyar Aga Markiz

Marchionissa Marchioness Markgräfin Marquise Marchesa Marquesa Marqueza Markise Markisinna Markiza Boyarina Markiza Comes Earl Graf Comte Conte Conde Conde Greve, Jarl Greve Hrab Hrabia Knjaz Grof

Comitissa Countess Gräfin Comtesse Contessa Condesa Condeza Grevinde Grevina Hrabinka Hrabina Kneginja Grofica Viscomes Viscount Landgraf Vicomte Visconte Vizconde Vizconde Vicegreve Vicomte Vikomt Wicehrabia Knjaz Vikont

Viscomitessa Viscountess Landgräfin Vicomtesse Viscontessa Vizcondesa Vizcondeza Vicegrevinde Vicomtessa Vikomta Wicehrabina Kneginja Vikontesa Bâro Baron Freiherr Baron Baron Baron Baron Baron Baron Baron Baron Posadnik,Voevoda Barun

Bâronessa Baroness Freifrau Baronne Baronessa Baronesa Baroneza Baronesse Baronessa Baronka Baronowa Posadnitsa,Voevoda Barunica

Sinoptic Table 2: NAMES

ENGLISH GERMAN FRANCH ITALIAN SPANISH PORTUGUESE DUTSH DANISH SWEDISH NORWEGIAN CZECH POLISH HUNGARIAN CROATIAN

Adolphus Adolf Adolph Adolfo Adolfo Adolfo Adolph Adolf Adolf Adolf Adolf Albert Albrecht Albert Alberto Alberto Alberto Albrecht Albrecht Olbracht Albert Albert

Anthony Anton Antoine Antonio Antonio Antonio Anton Anton Anton Anto Canute Knud Knut Knut Charles Karl Charles Carlo Carlos Carlos Karel Carl Karl Karl, Carl Karel Karel Károly Karlo

Christian Kristian Christian Cristiano Cristianos Cristianos Kristian Christian Kristian Kristian Kristijan Christopher Kristofer Christopher Cristoforo Cristoforos Cristoforos Krisofer Christoffer Kristoffer Kristoffer Kristof Krištof Krsto

Edward Eduard Edouard Eduardo Eduardo Duarte Eduard Edvard Eric Erich Erich Erik Eirik Erik Erik

Ferdinand Ferdinand Ferdinand Ferdinando Fernando Fernando Ferdinand Ferdinand Ferdinand Ferdinánd Ferdo Philip Philipp Philippe Filippo Felipe Filipe Filips Filip

Francis Franz François Francesco Francisco Francisco Franz František Franciszek Franjo Frederick Friedrich Frédéric Federico Federico Federico Frederik Frederik Frederik Frederik Fridrich Fryderyk Fridrik

George Georg George Giorgio Jorge Jorge Georg Jiři Jerzy Juraj Gustavus Gustav Gustaph Gustavo Gustav Gustav Gustav Gustaf Gustav

Guy Wido Guy, Gui Guido Gwijde Håkon, Håkan

Henry Heinrich Henri Enrico Enrique Henriques Hendrik Jindřich Henryk Henrik James Jakob Jacques Giacomo Jaime Jaime Jacob Jakov John Johann Jean Giovanni Juan João Jan, Johan Johan Johan Johan Jan Jan János Ivan

Joseph Joseph Joseph Guiseppe José José Josef Josef József Josip Louis Ludwig Louis Ludovico, Luigi Luis Luis Lodewijk Ludvík Ludwik Lajos Ljudevit

Oluf Olav Olaf Peter Peter Pierre Pietro Pedro Pedro Peter Petar

Sigmund Sigismund Sigismond Zikmund Zygmunt Zsigmond Zigmund Sven Svend Sven Svein

Theodoric Dietrich Thierry Teoderico Teodorico Dirk Teodor Venceslaus Wenzel Venceslas Václav Waclaw Vencel Vjenceslav

William Wilhelm Guillaume Gugliemo Willem Vilim © ZL 2008

24

E V O L U T I O N of G R E A T E S T D Y N A S T I E S

Chart 1: The Dynasties of Byzantine Empire Chart 2: The Dynasties of the Caliphs Chart 3: The Dynasties of France Chart 4: The Dynasties of England and Scotland Chart 5: The Dynasties of Spain Chart 6: The Dynasty of Nassau-Orange Chart 7: The Dynasties of Austria and Hungary Chart 8: The Dynasty of Hohenzollern Chart 9: The Dynasty of Oldenburg Chart 10: The Dynasty of Luxemburg Chart 11: The Dynasties of Russia Chart 12: Shema Evolution of Turkotatars Chart 13: The Dynasties of Mongols

25

JUSTINIANS 518/602 (→Chart 69)

↓ HERACLIANS 610/711 (→Chart 69)

↓ ISAURIANS

711/813 (→Chart 70)

MACEDONIANS ARMORIANS LACAPENOS 867/1056 (→Chart 71) 820/67 (→Chart 70) 920/45 (→Chart 70)

DUCAS COMNENUS KURESH 1051/81 (→Chart 72) 1057/1185 (→Chart 23) in Mecca

ANGELOS TRABIZOND UMAYYADS HASHIMITS 1185/1204 (→Chart 74) 1204/1461 (→Chart 75) ↓

Caliphs in Syria SHERIFS FATIMIDS ABBASIDS LASCARIS 661/744 (→Chart 77) in Mecca Imams Caliphs in Irac 1204/22 (→Chart 73) ↓ 967/1925 661/878 (→Chart 80) 749/1258 (→Chart 78)

↓ UMAYYADS ↓ ↓ BATATZES Caliphs in Spain FATIMIDS ABBASIDS 1222/61 (→Chart 73) 756/1031 (→Chart 82) Caliphs in Egypt Caliphs in Egypt 909/1171 (→Chart 81) 1261/1517 (→Chart 79) PALEOLOGOS CANTACUZENOS 1261/1453 1347/57 (→Chart 74)

(→Chart 74)

© ZL 2009 © ZL 2009

Chart 1: The Dynasties of BYZANTINE EMPIRE

Chart 2: The Dynasties of the CALIPHS

26

MEROVINGS PIPINIDES

Kings of Franks 405/751 Kings of Franks 714/68 NORMANS (→Chart 87/88) (→Chart 89) Dukes 811/1449 (→Chart 99)

KAROLINGS Kings of Franks 768/971 (→Chart 90)

ROBERTINS CAPÉT ANJOU 1st House NORMANS Kings of France 879/98, 922/36 Kings of France 987/1328 Dukes 870/1205 Kings of England

(→Chart 91) (→Chart 91/92/93) (→Chart 100) 1066/1154 (→Chart 173)

CAPÉT VALOIS CAPÉT CAPÉT Dukes of Dukes & Kings of Dukes of Brittany Burgundy Kings of France Navarra 1284/1349 992/1524 1032/1482 (→Chart 104/105) 1328/1498 (→Chart 94) (→Chart 118) (→Chart 102/103)

↓ ↓ BURGUDIANS VALOIS-ORLÉAN BOURBON ARTOIS ANJOU 2nd House Kings of Portugal Dukes&Kings of France Dukes 1283/1521 Counts Sicily; Naples, Hungary, Poland 1112/1385 (→Chart 132) 1372/1515 (→Chart 95) Kings of Navarra 1237/1472 Bohemia and Croatia 1266/1495 ↓ 1555/1610 (→Chart 111,118) (→Chart 140) AVIZ ANJOU 3rd House Kings of Portugal Dukes 1332/1480 1385/1640 (→Chart 133) (→Chart 101) BOURBON-MARSHE BOURBON-MONTPENSIER ↓ Counts 1341/1462 (→Chart 112) Counts 1434/1608 (→Chart 111/112)

BRAGANZA VALOIS-ANGOULEM Kings of Portugal Dukes&Kings of France BOURBON-VANDÔME BOURBON-CONDÉ 1640/1910 (→Chart 134/135) 1460/1589 (→Chart 95) Counts 1412/1562 (→Chart 111) Counts 1551/1830 (→Chart 1113)

EMPERORS BOURBON BOURBON-CONTI BOURBON-SOISSONS

of Brasil Kings of France Counts 1626/1814 Counts 1566/1641 1822/1889 (→Chart 135) 1589/1793, 1814/30 (→Chart 113) (→Chart 113) (→Chart 96)

DUKES ORLÉAN- BOURBON-ORLÉAN BOURBON-VANDÔME BOURBON-PENTHIÈVRE SPANISH BOURBONS -BRAGANZA Dukes from 1640 Dukes 1673/1793 Dukes 1598/1727 Kings of Spain from 1700→ from 1842 Kings of France1814/48 (→Chart 112) (→Chart 130/131) (→Chart 136) (→Chart 98)

NEMOURS-ORLÉAN-BRAGANZA MONTPENSIER BOURBON BOURBON-PARMA 1814 → 1824 → Kings of Two Sicilies Dukes of Parma 1731/1859

1734/1860 (→Chart 151) Kings of Etruria 1801/07 (→Chart 152) © ZL 2009

Chart 3: The Dynasties of FRANCE

27

NORMANS (→Chart 254)

Kings of Jarls of Jarls of Kings Kings of King of Kings of Dublin&York Orkny&Man Norway&Yutland Gotland&Vigen NORWAY DENMARK SWEDEN (→Chart 274) (→Chart 275) (→Chart 276) (→Chart 277) 680/1448 794/1338 794/1448

(→Chart 270/271/272) (→Chart 25-258) (→Chart 263/264/265)

Kings of VIKINGS DUKES SAXONS McALPIN NAPLES&SICILY of Normandy Kings of England King of Scotland 773/1058

APULIA&CALABRIA 811/1449 (→Chart 99) 871/1066 (→Charts 172 (→Chart 197)

1042/1292 (→Chart 84) ↓ ANJOU NORMANS ATHOL Dukes1st House Kings of England Kings of Scotland 870/1205 (→Chart 100) 1066/1154 (→Chart 173) 1034/1290 (→Charts 197/1198)

↓ PLANTAGENET BALIOL Kings of England Kings of Scotland 1154/1327 (→Chart 174) 1292/1336 (→Chart 199) LANCASTER YORK Kings of England Kings of England BRUCE 1327/1461 (→Chart 175) 1461/85 (→Chart 176) Kings of Scotland 1306/71 (→Chart 199)

↓ TUDOR STEWART Kings of England Kings of Scotland 1371/1625 1485/1603 (→Chart 177) (→Charts 200/201)

↓ STUARTS HANNOVER Kings of England Dukes & Kings 1603/1714 (→Chart 178) 1679/1923 (→Chart 210)

SAXE-COBURG-GHOTA HANNOVER & SAX-COBURG-SALFILD Kings of Great Britain Dukes & Kings of Great Britain 1714/1837 (→Chart 179)

1837/1917 (→Chart 180)

Kings of Kings of WINDSOR BELGIUM BULGARIA Kings of 1831→ 1887/1946 United Kingdom (→Chart 156) (→Chart 298) 1917→ (→Chart 181/182)

© ZL 2009

Chart 4: The NORMANS Dynasties and Dynasties of ENGLAND and SCOTLAND

28

NAVARRA

Spanish Kings 811/1284 (→Chart 116/117)

French Kings 1284/1610 (→Charts 118/119)

ASTURIA ARAGON CATALONIA CASTILE & LEON 718/1037 (→Chart 120/121) 839/1410 874/1162 905/1516 1037/1252

(→Chart 123/124) (→Chart 122) (→Charts 125/125/127) Kings of Kings of Kings of SICILY NAPLES SPAIN 1296/1402 1412/1559 1474/1516 (→Chart 124) (→Chart 128) (→Chart 128)

↓ SPANISH HAPSBURGS Kings of Spain 1504/1700 and Portugal 1580/1640

(→Chart 129) ↓ SPANISH BOURBONS Kings of Spain 1700→ (→Charts 130/131) © ZL 2009

NASSAU Counts from 1124

VALRAMINS OTONS Line of Dukes 1816/66 Line ↓ NASSAU-VEILBURG ORANGE NASSAU Dukes from 1688 (→Chart 149) princes Counts ↓ 1572/1702 Governors of Netherlands HIGH DUKES ↓ 1747/1813 (→Chart 159)

of Luxemburg ORANGE ↓ from 1890→ Kings of England NASSAU (→Chart 163/164) 1689/1702 Kings of Netherlands1813→

(→Chart 178) (→Chart 160) © ZL 2009

Chart 5: The Dynasties of SPAIN

Chart 6: The Dynasty of NASSAU-ORANGE

29

ÁRPÁD HAPSBURG Kings of Hungary Counts of Austria 1001/1308 1276/1398 (→Chart 229) (→Chart 240/241)

↓ DUKES ANJOU KINGS 1398/1453 (→Chart 230) 1308/93 (→Chart 140) of CROATIA ↓ ↓ 1002/1526

HIGH DUKES JAGELLION (→Chart 241/242) 1453/1918 (→Chart 231/232) 1440/1526 (→Chart 242)

EMPERORS of HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE 1493/1804

KINGS of HUNGARY 1526/1918

(→Charts 233/234/235)

SPANISH AUSTRIAN HAPSBURGS HUNGARIAN Kings of Spain MONARCHY 1504/1700 (→Chart 129) 1867/1918 (→Chart 237/239) DUKES of LORAENE and TOSCANY 1790/1859 (→Charts 238)

© ZL 2009

Chart 7: The Dynasties of AUSTRIA and HUNGARY

30

COUNTS of Zollern

↓ (→Chart 207) GOVERNORS

of Nürnberg ELECTORS DUKES SCHWABIANS LINE of Brandeburg of Zollern from 1415 (→Chart 208) ↓ DUKES DUKES KINGS Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen of Prussia of Prussia ↓ 1528/1701 1701/1918 KINGS (→Chart 208) EMPERORS of ROMANIA of Germany 1871/1918 1866/1947 (→Chart 209) (→Chart 295) © ZL 2009

OLDENBURG Counts 1167/1667

↓ KING of DENMARK 1448/1863

and NORWEY 1448/1814 (→Chart 259/260)

COUNTS DUKES

Holstein-Zondenburg Holstein-Gottorp 1582/1918 (→Chart 225) 1533/1773 (→Chart 211)

OLDENBURG-GLÜCKSBURG SWEDEN RUSSIAN HIGH Kings of Denamark Kings Emperors DUKES 1863→ (→Charts 261/262) 1751/1818 1762/1917 1773/1918

(→Chart 267) (→Chart 290)

NORWEY GRECCE HOLSTEIN HOLSTEIN Kings Kings ZONDEBURG ZONDEBURG 1905→ 1863/1967 AUGSTENBURG GLÜCKSBURG (→Chart 273) (→Chart 299) 1564/1931 (→Chart 225) 1582→ (→Chart 226) © ZL 2009

Chart 8: The Dynasty of HOHENZOLLERN

Chart 9: The Dynasty of OLDENBURG

31

COUNTS of Luxemburg 936/1313 (→Chart 161)

↓ DUKES of Luxemburg 1288/1346 (→Chart 162)

Kings of Kings of EMPERORS HUNGARY BOHEMIA HOLY ROMAN 1387/1437 1310/1437 EMPIRE

1346/1437

(→Chart 162)

NOVGOROD Principality IX century

↓ KIYEV

Principality 880/1240

NOVGOROD VOLYNIA VLADIMIR PEREYASLAV SMOLENSK CHERNIGOV Chart 241/242/243/244/245

Principality Principality SUZDAL Principality Principality Principality 246/247/248/249/250 1036/1263 1054/1308 Principality 1125/1363 1054/1215 1054/1404 1054/1245

↓ ↓ GALICIA TVER MOSCOW VLADIMIR RIAZAN Principality Principality Principality Principality Principality

1144/1349 1246/1485 1283/1547 1363/1610 to 1520

↓ EMPERORS of Russia EMPERORS of Russia ROMANOV 1547/1610 1610/1762 (→Chart 253) (→Chart 287/289) ↓

EMPERORS of Russia HOLSTEIN-GOTTORP

1762/1917 (→Chart 290/291) © ZL 2009

Chart 10: The Dynasty of LUXEMBURG

Chart 11: The Dynasties of RUSSIA

32

TURKOTATARS

TRIBES

HUNISH TURKISH TATARISH KHAGANATE KHAGANATE KAGHANATE (→Chart 64)

AVAR'S BULGARIAN HUNGARIAN SELJCUKS OTTOMAN Khazars TIMURIDS GREAT Kumans Besarab's Bogdan's Khaganates Empires Duchy Sultanates EMPIRE Khaganate (Transoxiane MONGOL Khaganate in Walachia in Moldavia

1st. Khaganate 568/626 1st. Empire 895/1001 1291/1922 &Khorasan) EMPIRE 1290/1634 1392/1607

2nd Khaganate 791/820 605/972 ↓ (→Charts 334/335/336) 1369/1459 (→Chart 13) (→Chart 293) (→Chart 292)

(→Chart 67) 2nd Empire KINGDOM 1281/1396 1001/1308 (→Charts 296/297) (→Chart 240/241)

Seljcuks Seljcuks Seljcuks Khorasan Persia&Irac Fars&Sieistan Afganistan Bala GREAT in Turqia in Irac in Persia 1405/1507 1393/1415 1405/1451 1405/1585 1405/1449 MOGHULS 1077/1307 1041/1186 1037/1194 ↓ (India) Mazandaran Badahsan Uzkand&Fargana 1526/1858 (→Charts 333) 1447/1517 1416/1584 1425/1503

© ZL 2009

Chart 12: Shema Evolution of TURKOTATARS

33

Oguz Menen

NN NN → Dei Sechen → Ulu-Eke 1∞ Jesugay Batur *1135 �1175

2∞ Hoelun seven

generations Gengis Kan* *1162-1206/27

1∞ Borte 2∞Kulan

Taragi Jochi Chagatay* Ogaday* Tolui ∞ Kadak Hatun *1185 �1227 *1187-1227/42 *1189-1229/42 *1190-1227/32

Tamerlan Batu Khan Orda Guyuk* Kubalai Khan* Mongke* Hulagu Il-Khan

*1336 �1405 1235/56 1227/80 *1206-1246/48 *1216-1260/94 *1207-1256/65 *1217-1261/65

↓ ∞1266 Euphrosina Tokakhan s Andronic II* Abaka

↓ 1265/82

Mongke Timur Toktamich ∞1265 Maria ↓ s Andronic II* Toqtu (Bs.→Pl.)

∞ Maria D Andronic II*

TIMURIDS BLUE HORDA WHITE HORDA GOLDEN HORDA CHINA ILKHANS (→Chart 12) 1227/1359 1227/1378 1227/1502 Empire from 1280 1261/1337

K KAZAKH K SAMARKHAND K KHIVA K KHOKAND K JUAN K ZIND 1395/1718 1500/98 1515/1804 1700/1876 1294/1323 1521/91

K KASIMOV K KRIM K BUKHARA K ASTRAKHAN K KAZAN K MONGOLIA 1452/1681 1438/1792 1598/1785 1466/1557 1437/1546 1333/88

© ZL 2009

Chart 13: The Dynasties of MONGOLS

K - Khanate

Gengis Khan* - Great Khan