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参考文献[1] K. Abe, et al. [T2K Collaboration], Phys. Rev.

Lett. 121, 171802 (2018).

[2] K. Abe et al. [T2K Collaboration], Phys. Rev. D

98, 012004 (2018).

[3] N. Abgrall et al. [NA61/SHINE Collaboration],

Phys. Rev. C 84, 034604 (2011).


Phys. Rev. C 85, 035210 (2012).


Phys. Rev. C 89, no. 2, 025205 (2014).


Eur. Phys. J. C 76, no. 2, 84 (2016).


Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 701, 99 (2013).


Eur. Phys. J. C 76, no. 11, 617 (2016).


Eur. Phys. J. C 79, no. 2, 100 (2019).

[10] A. Aduszkiewicz et al. [NA61/SHINE Collabora-

tion], Phys. Rev. D 98, no. 5, 052001 (2018).

[11] NA61/SHINE Beyond 2020 Workshop.

https://indico.cern.ch/event/629968

[12] A. Aduszkiewicz et al. [NA61/SHINE

Collaboration], CERN-SPSC-2018-008.

https://cds.cern.ch/record/2309890

[13] J. Evans, D. G. Gamez, S. D. Porzio, S. Söldner-

Rembold and S. Wren Phys. Rev. D 95, no. 2,

023012 (2017).

[14] G. Barr, NA61 beyond 2020 workshop,

https://indico.cern.ch/event/629968/contributions/2659929

1

[email protected]

[email protected]

Roger Wendell

[email protected]

[email protected]

2019 ( 31 ) 2 8

1

1998

3

3 θ12, θ23, θ13

2 Δm221,Δm232 CP 1 δCP

6

θ23 |Δm232|m2 m3

m3 > m2 m3 < m2

1970

SNO

2002

θ12 Δm221 Δm

221

θ13

J-PARC

295 km

T2K θ13

2011 1

T2K 2013

CP

11

2017

183

2

ニュートリノ

陽子の崩壊

超新星爆発太陽大気J-PARC大強度加速器による高品質ニュートリノビーム

ハイパーカミオカンデ装置スーパーカミオカンデの約10倍の有効質量と2倍の光感度

水槽（超純水）直径74m × 高さ60m

写真提供：JAEA/KEK J-PARCセンター

新型光センサー（従来の2倍の感度）4万本

総質量 26万トン有効質量 19万トン

1:

1

p → e+ + π0 201.6 × 1034

2

Hyper-Kamiokande

Super-Kamiokande

J-PARC

CP

J-PARC

CP

1

8 km 650 m

60 m × 74 m26

10 19

50 cm 4

2

2

7.8 cm 19

Multi-PMT

15

300

2015 1

2020

3

3.1

CP1 CP

CP

1T2K 2σ CP[1]

184

2

ニュートリノ

陽子の崩壊

超新星爆発太陽大気J-PARC大強度加速器による高品質ニュートリノビーム

ハイパーカミオカンデ装置スーパーカミオカンデの約10倍の有効質量と2倍の光感度

水槽（超純水）直径74m × 高さ60m

写真提供：JAEA/KEK J-PARCセンター

新型光センサー（従来の2倍の感度）4万本

総質量 26万トン有効質量 19万トン

1:

1

p → e+ + π0 201.6 × 1034

2

Hyper-Kamiokande

Super-Kamiokande

J-PARC

CP

J-PARC

CP

1

8 km 650 m

60 m × 74 m26

10 19

50 cm 4

2

2

7.8 cm 19

Multi-PMT

15

300

2015 1

2020

3

3.1

CP1 CP

CP

1T2K 2σ CP[1]

3

CP

[2] 2

δCP

π+ → νμ+μ+π− → νμ+μ−

J-PARC 295 km

νμ → νeCP

2 δCP

2018 500 kW J-PARC Main

Ring 1.3MW

T2K 280m

ND280

ND280

ND280

1 km 1,000

2

2: νμ ν̄μ

νe ν̄e

δCP sin2 2θ13 = 0.1

δCP δCP = 0

10

3: δCP sin δCP 0 CP

Multi-PMT

3 10 sin δCP 0

CP

δCP 5σ δCP

57% T2K −90◦10 δCP

7◦ 23◦ CP

185

4

3.2

K

100 MeV 1 TeV

10 km 10,000 km

νμ → ντ

3

MSW

νμ ↔ νe

DUNE

1300 km

2-

10 GeV

4

5

4:

νμ → νe ν̄μ → ν̄ecos θ < 0 2-

10 GeV

θ23

10 3.8σ

θ23

45◦ ν2 ν3θ23 45

◦

θ23

θ23

θ23 45◦

θ23

186

4

3.2

K

100 MeV 1 TeV

10 km 10,000 km

νμ → ντ

3

MSW

νμ ↔ νe

DUNE

1300 km

2-

10 GeV

4

5

4:

νμ → νe ν̄μ → ν̄ecos θ < 0 2-

10 GeV

θ23

10 3.8σ

θ23

45◦ ν2 ν3θ23 45

◦

θ23

θ23

θ23 45◦

θ23

5

5:

θ23

3 sin2 θ23 = 0.4 0.5 0.6

νμ → ντ

3.3

(4p →He+2e++2νe)

6 1990

SNO

CPT

θ12 Δm221 7 θ12

Δm221 2σ

MSW

Δm221

6:

[3] pp

CNO

4%

2σ

4σ

MSW

[5] MaVaN [6] [7]3He+ p → 4He+ e+ + νe

hep

3.4

187

6

7: (θ12, Δm221)

[4] KamLAND

3σ

1987 2 23 IMB Baksan

SN1987A

24

30

2 3

SASI Standing Accersion Shock

Instability [9]

( 8) 1

SASI

5 7

SASI

1◦ ∼ 1.3◦1

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2018 6 2019 1

SK-Gd

SK-Gd 10 4σ

188

6

7: (θ12, Δm221)

[4] KamLAND

3σ

1987 2 23 IMB Baksan

SN1987A

24

30

2 3

SASI Standing Accersion Shock

Instability [9]

( 8) 1

SASI

5 7

SASI

1◦ ∼ 1.3◦1

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2018 6 2019 1

SK-Gd

SK-Gd 10 4σ

7

4

CP

1016 GeV

SU(5) SO(10)

τp ∼ 1035

1035

1035

6× 1034 (5× 1034

p → e+ + π0 π0

9 10

p → e++π0 τp < 6×103410 3σ

p → ν̄ +K+

9: 10

1.7× 1034100MeV/c

100 ∼ 250MeV/c

K+

K+ → μ+ + νμ64% K+ → π+ + π0 21%

K+

p → e+ + π0

40% 6MeV

K+ τ ∼ 12 ns

2

p → ν̄ + K+τp < 2 × 1034 10 3σ

189

8

5

1996

20

K2K T2K

300 km

T2K

2020

[10]

[1] K. Abe et al. (T2K Collaboration), Phys. Rev.

Lett. 121, 171802 (2018).

[2] M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, Phys. Lett. B174,

45 (1986).

[3] A. M. Serenelli, W. C. Haxton, C. Pena-Garay,

ApJ. 743, 24 (2011).

[4] Y. Koshio, AIP Conf. Proc. 1666, 090001 (2015).

[5] A. Friedland, C. Lunardini, C. Pena-Garay,

Phys. Lett. B 594, 347 (2004).

[6] M. Barger, P. Huber, D. Marfatia, Phys. Rev.

Lett. 95, 211802 (2005).

[7] P. C. de Holanda and A. Yu. Smirnov, Phys. Rev.

D 69, 113002 (2004).

[8] H. T. Janka, K. Langanke, A. Marek,

G. Martinez-Pinedo and B. Mueller, Phys. Rept.

442, 38 (2007).

[9] I. Tamborra, F. Hanke, B. Müller, H. T. Janka

and G. Raffelt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, no. 12,

121104 (2013).

[10] ”Hyper-Kamiokande Design Report”, K. Abe

et al. (Hyper-Kamiokande Proto-Collaboration),

https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.04163 (2018).

190