Design Computing
12. Advanced 3d Modeling & Rendering 1
11/21/2014CAD & Graphics II | HOM2027 | Fall 2014 | Every Friday 2:00 pm – 6:00 pm
Jin Kook Lee, PhD. 02-2220-2645 | [email protected]
Assistant Professor, Space & Design IT Lab.Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University
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Where we are
- Architectural Modeling- Developing Arch Ideas- Prep for the Final Project
- Nov 28: Midterm Exam
- Nov 21: Your Final Plan
- Dec 5: Your Project Progress Report
- Dec 14: Final Project Dev.
- Dec 19: Final Project Presentation
What to do today
1. Developing the final term project – To develop your idea!
2. Lab exercise 01: MR Caustics & Multi-pass effect
Render a scene
3. Lab exercise 02: HD rendering in MR
Render a high resolution (Full HD: 1920 X 1080 pixel) image using “Room Interior”
4. Lab Exercise 03: Rendering given building model (from the last week)
Render a scene
5. Lab Exercise 04: Your Office Interior Design - Modeling & Rendering
Render a scene & your *.max file
6. Requirements: All lab exercises outcome files should be submitted in “Shared Folder”
Appropriate *.max files &/or images in JPG format. Try to get your best!
Submit this week’s LE today
What we have been walked through…
1.CAD & Graphics Fundamentals
2.3ds MAX Design 2015
3.Mental Ray + Vray
4.Geometric Modeling + Architectural Modeling
5.… And what’s next?
- Elaborated/Skillful CAD & Graphics, using 3ds Max or etc.
- “Smart” CAD & Graphics BIM (Building Information Modeling)
Design Idea & Concept Visualization
from IDEA Design book, A&C Publishing Co., Ltd.
IDEA Design
By A&C Publishing Co., Ltd.
THE SCOTTS TOWERArchitect_UNStudio, Location_singapore
ZOOMLION HEADQUARTERSINTERNATIONAL PLAZA-SINGLE TOWERArchitect_amphibianArc, Location_Changsha, China
ZOOMLION HEADQUARTERSINTERNATIONAL PLAZA-TWIN TOWERArchitect_amphibianArc, Location_Changsha, China
ROCKMAGNETENArchitect_MV RDV & COBE
Location_Roskide, Denmark
ATLANTIC CITY BOARDWALKHOLOCAUST MEMORIALArchitect_Kanjun Lee
Location_Atlantic City, USA
POP-UP HOTELArchitect_PinkCloud.DK
Location_New York, USA
INSTANT HOUSE<INSTANT LUNG>
Architect_Ryszard Rychlicki
Location_Milan, Italy
BLOCK A101
Architect_KLNB Keeyong LEE + Nened BASIC architects
Location_Russia
BUSAN OPERA HOUSEArchitect_Sunjin Engineering & Architecture Co. Ltd
Location_Busan, South Korea
BUSAN OPERA HOUSEArchitect_Sunjin Engineering & Architecture Co. Ltd
Location_Busan, South Korea
THE ICEBERG
Architect_CEBRA+JDS+SeRCH+Louis Pailard
Location_Aarhus, Denmark
UDBETALING DANMARK HOLSTEBROArchitect_CEBRA Location_Holstebro, Denmark
A MOSQUE FOR ALLArchitect_BIG Location_Tirana, Albania
3d Modeling & Design Representation
What’s this?
What’s this?
Front
Bottom
Top
Left Right
A chair design
A chair design: Hide & Perspective
From 2D drafting to 3D modeling
Plan: Top view
Plan: Front view Elevation
3D Axonometric (still 2D drawing)
3D Surface Model 3D Solid Model
2D Drafting 3D Modeling
Capturing some visualizations from the model:Rendering, Animation…
Review – CAD history
The design is a drawing of the product e.g. Geometric drafting in 2D
The design is a surface model of the product e.g. Geometric surface modeling in 3D
The design is a 3D model of the product e.g. Solid modeling
The design is an editable 3D model of the product e.g. Parametric modeling
The design is the integrated representation of
all the compositional, analytical and fabrication
representations of the product
(Geometry is just one part of the model) e.g. Product Data Modeling, Building Information Modeling
H
W
D
Parameters:H, W, D
+ Information
Information Modeling
Review: 3d graphics software interface
Famous 3ds MAX. Since MS-DOS. Officially announced 3ds MAX at Siggraph 1995
How to use computer software? – GUI (Graphical User Interface)
Menu
Icons / Toolbar
Tabbed (grouped) Icons / Toolbar (Ribbon Interface by Microsoft)
Typing,Clicking,Drag and drop,Key stroke …
How to interact with computer software? – User Interfaces, as of 2012
CLI Command Line Interfaces- Command prompt
GUI Graphical User Interfaces- Windows, Mac
NUI Natural User Interfaces- Touch, motion, voice..
General software we use today
General CG software: for Efficiency and Precisione.g. AutoCAD command line
Why 3d graphics software is very hard to learn?
Ideal interfaces for 3D modeling- 3d laser scanning… (from real world objects)- Image processing (from 2d pictures to 3d model)- Beyond keyboard & mouse:
Tangible devices for manipulating 3d objects in 3d way
Most 3d graphics tools)- Handling 3d objects on 2d screen!- Too complicated 3d modeling on 2d views- Too many icons! (limitation of GUI)- Too complex options, too many function
This gap makes you hard to get 3d graphics!
Example - Another 3d modeling method: Laser Scanning
Laser Scanner
Scanning
Point Cloud
Example - Another 3d modeling method: Image-based geometry reconstruction
Google image search
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGNesS8vo4M&list=PL804CCE3AA34C3A40
Actual reason – why 3d graphics software is too hard to learn?
Quiz – do you know these?
Ray tracing, global illumination…
Bump mapping, Phong Shading…
Bezier curve, Spline, NURBS, control point, segments…
UV mapping, UVW
Polygon mesh
Sweeping, lathing
Knowing about camera and lenses – focal distance, aperture, exposure…
Without understanding what are these, learning 3ds MAX is equivalent to “memorizing the order of clicking
buttons among hundreds of icons, in a messy GUI interface”.
If you understand the logic, rather than the order of clicking buttons, you can learn any complicated modern 3d modeling
& rendering software such as Rhino, Maya, Blender, Digital Project, and so on, of course including 3ds MAX.
Review: 3d “Geometric” Modeling
Geometry for making 3d objects
Modeling 3d object:
Creating an object (hard to do, except making primitives)
And Modifying it (very hard to do – modify in 2d geometry)
Creating 3d objects
0 Primitives
A legendary Utah Teapot, developed by Martin Newell
Creating 3d objects
1 Extrusion: extruding a polygon
Creating 3d objects
2 Lathing: revolving a surface
Creating 3d objects
3 Sweeping: sweep a section profile onto a polygon path
Creating 3d objects
4 Others: Skinning, Boolean operation (CSG)…
An Example 3ds MAX Modeling & Representation -
“Geometric Modeling” – no need to be a smart model
Scenario: Workspace design concept developmentusing 3d visualization (3ds MAX)
3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design
Define UoD
Retouching in 2d Graphics Tools
(Geometric) Modeling
Material mapping
Rendering
Lights Camera Rendering scenes
Modeling universe (environment) Modeling design elements
2d sketch 3d modeling
Import Modification…
Planes Walls
Sky, outside view Modification…
What’s in your mind? - Roughly sketch it freehand if needed - Plan hierarchy diagram and objects
Photoshop (or others) supports lots of complicated effects- Modify: Level, Color balance, Sharpness, Gaussian blur, etc.- Add: Remapping, Compose, Texts, etc.
Concept & Development
This is a small office for an IT-based design company, a part of a high-rise building
They design Web-based media such as Prezi, Flash, e-contents, etc.
They need to get feedback frequently from users, remotely
Non-structural columns for digital communication! Media Posts!
Columns are connected to the network
They have several built-in touch-pad devices
Designers “post” their design to the Media Posts, and get feedback
Windows are also another type of Media board: Transparent screens
Reference Images
Blurring Space, JK Lee et al, 2003
Reference Images
Stage 1: Modeling architectural environment
1 Create a box object: with enough segments in a proper size, e.g. 12m X 20m X 6m
2 Convert it into “Editable Poly”
3 Delete one side wall
4 Other 3 sides should be “Flip”
Stage 2: Photometric Lights
1 Create a Photometric light on the ceiling
2 Copy “instances” using Shift + Move icon
3 Adjust light options: Cylindrical emit, Intensity 50cd, set color, etc.
4 Test render inside for seeing inside brightness
Stage 3: Place a Camera
1 Place a target camera
2 Adjust its location properly
3 Adjust camera options: Focal distance (use wide), Multi-pass effect (depth of field), etc
4 Create a Camera view, test render inside for seeing via camera
Stage 4: Modeling Interior Elements
1 Create interior elements: create a box and copy instances (Columns)
2 Create interior elements: other elements dependent upon Level of Detail you want
3 Import elements: pre-defined furniture and/or cubicle system furniture, etc Copy instances
4 More lights and/or window modeling (still surface is okay in this LoD)
Stage 5: Material Mapping and Rendering
1 Assign one view port to the Camera, and toggle views using Alt + W
2 Assign colors into surface walls and interior elements: white
3 Assign preset materials to some of objects: Arch & Design solid glass to the window parts, floor..
4 Test render and adjust related setup: lights, material, camera lens & depth, etc Get your scene
Basic modeling, lighting, camera, and rendering by Mental RayNo texture mapping
Modeling – 1 side media windowNo texture mapping
Modeling – 3 sides media windowWindows: Arch & Design solid glass
Modeling – a little bit elaborated modelingWindows vertical rails: Arch & Design metal
Floor material (Arch & Design preset) & external lightsFloor: Arch & Design concrete
Floor material (Arch & Design preset) & external lights Concept rendering image: Need to retouch in Photoshop – Media images on the posts & screen
Floor material (Arch & Design preset) & external lights
Concept rendering image: Need to retouch in Photoshop – Media images on the posts & screen
Media screen mapping 1
Media screen mapping 2
Media screen mapping 3
A concept image of a workspace – this takes around 2 hours for modeling & rendering LINK
Lab Exercise 00: 3ds Max basic render environment
- Basic render environment file for Mental Ray- Basic render environment file for Vray
Use them for your “precision” modeling & quick rendering preview
Environment_MentalRay.max
1,000mm
1,000mm
Lab Exercises 01:
Camera MR Multi-pass effect (+ Caustics)
How to enable MR Caustics:
1. Turn on Caustics in GI tab:
Render setup - Indirect Illumination – GI
2. Turn on target objects “Generate Caustics”:
Object right click – object property
3. Turn on lights’ “Generate Caustics”
Rendering Example
Lab Exercises 02: Rendering HD images & reducing time
- 3ds Max + Vray using Light cache & Irradiance map- 3ds Max + MR using FG map & GI map
very high resolution images rendering for: Studio finals, Competitions, Graduation work, etc.
Reducing rendering time
Rendering consists of 1) calculation, and 2) image generation
calculation can be saved as a file (map file), and reused by another rendering with high resolution
this only takes image generation time, without long calculation time
At this moment, swapping map file can be applicable for avoiding color bleed, etc.
Avoid too detailed mesh models,
Use good mapping sources,
Do not load unnecessary models behind the scene,
Fix geometric errors, etc.
…And?
1920 X 1080 pixel image rendering in a couple of minutes, using Mental Ray in 3ds Max
Low resolution image
Lab Ex 05 – 1: Rendering HD image using Vray & Cache/map files
High resolution image
Lab Ex 05 – 2: Rendering HD image using MR FG/GI map files
Low resolution image
High resolution image
Reducing “Color Bleeding” using saved map files
Sometimes Color Bleeding hinders rendering good images
It can be controlled by replacing with different map files
Reducing “Color Bleeding” using saved map files
If needed, use different mapping colors for both:
1) making map file (with non-color bleeding colors), and
2) HD rendering (with any wanted colors)
Low resolution image
for making non-color bleeding map files (white background)
Lab Exercises 03: Rendering your building
MR Daylight system
Architectural rendering (no need to be photo-realistic)
Lab Exercises 04:
- Make your Office: Pseudo 3D Building Model
- Refer to the slides today (media wall office case)
Stage 1: Modeling architectural environment
1 Create a box object: with enough segments in a proper size, e.g. 12m X 20m X 6m
2 Convert it into “Editable Poly”
3 Delete one side wall
4 Other 3 sides should be “Flip”
Stage 2: Photometric Lights
1 Create a Photometric light on the ceiling
2 Copy “instances” using Shift + Move icon
3 Adjust light options: Cylindrical emit, Intensity 50cd, set color, etc.
4 Test render inside for seeing inside brightness
Stage 3: Place a Camera
1 Place a target camera
2 Adjust its location properly
3 Adjust camera options: Focal distance (use wide), Multi-pass effect (depth of field), etc
4 Create a Camera view, test render inside for seeing via camera
Stage 4: Modeling Interior Elements
1 Create interior elements: create a box and copy instances (Columns)
2 Create interior elements: other elements dependent upon Level of Detail you want
3 Import elements: pre-defined furniture and/or cubicle system furniture, etc Copy instances
4 More lights and/or window modeling (still surface is okay in this LoD)
Stage 5: Material Mapping and Rendering
1 Assign one view port to the Camera, and toggle views using Alt + W
2 Assign colors into surface walls and interior elements: white
3 Assign preset materials to some of objects: Arch & Design solid glass to the window parts, floor..
4 Test render and adjust related setup: lights, material, camera lens & depth, etc Get your scene
Media screen mapping 3
Next Class
Geometric Modeling & Modification Technique in 3ds Max
3ds Max Design + Mental Ray Technique
Architectural Modeling by AutoCAD dwg files