Strategem
III.Strategem
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III.III.III.III.Strategem
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III.III.ATTACKby
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III.III.III.III.AIII.III.AIII.III.AIII.III.AIII.III.TIII.III.TIII.III.TIII.III.TIII.III.TIII.III.TIII.III.AIII.TIII.AIII.III.AIII.TIII.AIII.III.3.III.III.3.III.III.3.III.III.3.III.III.3.III.III.3.III.III.3.III.CKCKbybybybybyCKbyCK
1.TAke the enemy’scountry intact
ONE
Sun Tzu said: In the practical art
of war, the best thing of all is to
take the enemy’s COUNTRY whole
and intact; to shatter and destroy
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
better to recapture an army entire
than to destroy it, to capture a
regiment, detachment or company
entire than to destroy them.
INTACTTAke the enemy’s
INTACTTAke the enemy’s
country intact
INTACTcountry intact
Sun Tzu said: In the practical art
INTACTSun Tzu said: In the practical art
of war, the best thing of all is to
INTACTof war, the best thing of all is to
COUNTRY
INTACTCOUNTRY whole
INTACT wholeCOUNTRY wholeCOUNTRY
INTACTCOUNTRY wholeCOUNTRY
and intact; to shatter and destroy
INTACTand intact; to shatter and destroy
it is not so good. So, too, it is firstINTACT
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
better to recapture an army entire
INTACT
better to recapture an army entire
than to destroy it, to capture a
INTACT
than to destroy it, to capture a
regiment, detachment or company
INTACT
regiment, detachment or company
entire than to destroy them.
INTACT
entire than to destroy them.
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
Sun Tzu said: In the practical art
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
Sun Tzu said: In the practical art
of war, the best thing of all is to
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
of war, the best thing of all is to
take the enemy’s
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
take the enemy’s
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
and intact; to shatter and destroy
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
and intact; to shatter and destroy
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
better to recapture an army entire
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
better to recapture an army entire
than to destroy it, to capture a
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
than to destroy it, to capture a
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
regiment, detachment or company
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
regiment, detachment or company
entire than to destroy them.
Sun
Tzu
said
: In
the
prac
tical
art
of w
ar, t
he b
est t
hing
of a
ll is
to
entire than to destroy them.
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troySun Tzu said: In the practical art
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troySun Tzu said: In the practical art
of war, the best thing of all is to
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
of war, the best thing of all is to
take the enemy’s
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
take the enemy’s
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
and intact; to shatter and destroy
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
and intact; to shatter and destroy
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
better to recapture an army entire
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
better to recapture an army entire
than to destroy it, to capture a
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
than to destroy it, to capture a
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
regiment, detachment or company
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
regiment, detachment or company
entire than to destroy them.
take
the
enem
y’s c
ount
ry w
hole
and
inta
ct; t
o sh
atte
r and
des
troy
entire than to destroy them.
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
ecountry intact
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
ecountry intactSun Tzu said: In the practical art
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
Sun Tzu said: In the practical art
of war, the best thing of all is to
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
of war, the best thing of all is to
take the enemy’s
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
take the enemy’s
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
and intact; to shatter and destroy
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
and intact; to shatter and destroy
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
better to recapture an army entire
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
better to recapture an army entire
than to destroy it, to capture a
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
than to destroy it, to capture a
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
regiment, detachment or company
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
regiment, detachment or company
entire than to destroy them.
it is
not
so
good
. So,
too,
it is
firs
t bet
ter t
o re
capt
ure
an a
rmy
entir
e
entire than to destroy them.
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
panySun Tzu said: In the practical art
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
panySun Tzu said: In the practical art
of war, the best thing of all is to
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
of war, the best thing of all is to
COUNTRY
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
COUNTRY
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
and intact; to shatter and destroy
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
and intact; to shatter and destroy
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
it is not so good. So, too, it is first
better to recapture an army entire
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
better to recapture an army entire
than to destroy it, to capture a
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
than to destroy it, to capture a
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
regiment, detachment or company
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
regiment, detachment or company
entire than to destroy them.
than
to d
estr
oy it
, to
capt
ure
a re
gim
ent,
deta
chm
ent o
r com
pany
entire than to destroy them.
INTACT
entir
e th
an to
des
troy
them
.
INTACT
entire than to destroy them.
INTACT
entire than to destroy them.
entir
e th
an to
des
troy
them
.entire than to destroy them.
INTACT
entire than to destroy them.
supremeexcellence
Henc
e to
figh
t and
con
quer
inHe
nce
to fi
ght a
nd c
onqu
er in
all y
our b
attle
s is
not
sup
rem
eex
celle
nce;
sup
rem
e ex
celle
nce
cons
ists
in b
reak
ing
the
eem
y’s
excellencecons
ists
in b
reak
ing
the
eem
y’s
excellence
resi
stan
ce w
ithou
t fig
htin
g.
supremeresi
stan
ce w
ithou
t fig
htin
g.
supreme
TWO
Hence to fight and conquer in
all your battles is not supreme
excellence; SUPREME excellence
consists in breaking the enemy’s
resistance without fighting.
INTACT
3.balk enemy plans
Thus
the
high
est f
orm
of g
ener
alsh
ip
balk enemy plans
Thus
the
high
est f
orm
of g
ener
alsh
ip
balk enemy plans
is to
bal
k th
e
balk enemy plans
is to
bal
k th
e
balk enemy plans
enem
y’s
plan
s; th
e ne
xt
best
is to
pre
vent
the
junc
tion
of th
e
balk enemy plans
best
is to
pre
vent
the
junc
tion
of th
e
balk enemy plans
enem
y’s fo
rces
; the
nex
t in
orde
r is
to
atta
ck th
e en
emy’s
arm
y in
the
field
;
balk enemy plans
atta
ck th
e en
emy’s
arm
y in
the
field
;
balk enemy plans
and
the
wor
st p
olic
y of
all
is to
bes
iege
balk enemy plans
and
the
wor
st p
olic
y of
all
is to
bes
iege
balk enemy plans
wal
led
citie
s.
balk enemy plans
wal
led
citie
s.
balk enemy plans
THREE
PLANS3.PLANS3.PLANS3.THREE3.PLANS3.THREE3.
Thus the highest form of generalship
is to balk the enemy’s plans; the next
best is to prevent the junction of the
enemy’s forces; the next in order is to
attack the enemy’s army in the field;
and the worst policy of all is to besiege
walled cities.
4.walled cities
The
rule
is, n
ot to
bes
iege
wal
led
citie
s if
it ca
n po
ssib
ly b
e
avoi
ded.
The
pre
para
tion
of m
antle
ts, m
ovab
le s
helte
rs, a
nd
vario
us im
plem
ents
of
war
, will
take
up
thre
e w
hole
mon
ths;
walled cities
vario
us im
plem
ents
of
war
, will
take
up
thre
e w
hole
mon
ths;
walled citiesan
d th
e pi
ling
up o
f mou
nds
over
agai
nst t
he W
ALLSwalled cities
WAL
LSwalled cities will
take
4. w
ill ta
ke 4.
walled cities will
take
walled cities
thre
e m
onth
s m
ore.
FOUR
The rule is, not to besiege walled
CITIES if it can possibly be avoided.
The preparation of mantlets, movable
shelters, and various implements of
war, will take up three whole months;
and the piling up of mounds over
against the WALLS will take three
months more.
swarming ants
The
gene
ral,
unab
le to
con
trol
his
irrit
atio
n, w
ill la
unch
his
men
Th
e ge
nera
l, un
able
to c
ontr
ol h
is ir
ritat
ion,
will
laun
ch h
is m
en
The
gene
ral,
unab
le to
con
trol
his
irrit
atio
n, w
ill la
unch
his
men
swarming ants
The
gene
ral,
unab
le to
con
trol
his
irrit
atio
n, w
ill la
unch
his
men
swarming ants
The
gene
ral,
unab
le to
con
trol
his
irrit
atio
n, w
ill la
unch
his
men
Th
e ge
nera
l, un
able
to c
ontr
ol h
is ir
ritat
ion,
will
laun
ch h
is m
en
The
gene
ral,
unab
le to
con
trol
his
irrit
atio
n, w
ill la
unch
his
men
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
of h
is m
en a
re s
lain
, whi
le th
e to
wn
still
rem
ains
unt
aken
. Suc
h hi
s m
en a
re s
lain
, whi
le th
e to
wn
still
rem
ains
unt
aken
. Suc
h
are
the
disa
stro
us e
ffect
s of
a s
iege
.
FIVE
The general, unable to control his
irritation, will launch his men to the
assault like swarming ants, with the
result that one-third of his men are
slain, while the town still remains
untaken. Such are the disastrous
effects of a siege.
SWARM
SWARM
SWARM
swarming ants SWARM
swarming ants
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
SWARM
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
swarming ants
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
swarming ants SWARM
swarming ants
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
swarming antshi
s m
en a
re s
lain
, whi
le th
e to
wn
still
rem
ains
unt
aken
. Suc
h
SWARM
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
the
disa
stro
us e
ffect
s of
a s
iege
. SWARM
the
disa
stro
us e
ffect
s of
a s
iege
. SWARM
The general, unable to control his SWARM
The general, unable to control his
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
The general, unable to control his
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
SWARM
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
The general, unable to control his
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
irritation, will launch his men to the SWARM
irritation, will launch his men to the
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
irritation, will launch his men to the
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
SWARM
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
irritation, will launch his men to the
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
irritation, will launch his men to the
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
SWARM
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
irritation, will launch his men to the
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
assault like swarming ants, with the SWARM
assault like swarming ants, with the
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
assault like swarming ants, with the
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
SWARM
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
assault like swarming ants, with the
to th
e as
saul
t lik
e sw
arm
ing
ants
, with
the
resu
lt th
at o
ne-th
ird
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
assault like swarming ants, with the
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
SWARM
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
assault like swarming ants, with the
his
men
are
sla
in, w
hile
the
tow
n st
ill re
mai
ns u
ntak
en. S
uch
6.victory
withoutfightingTh
eref
ore
the
skill
ful l
eade
r sub
dues
the
enem
y’s tr
oops
Ther
efor
e th
e sk
illfu
l lea
der s
ubdu
es th
e en
emy’s
troo
ps
with
out a
ny fi
ghtin
g; h
e ca
ptur
es th
eir c
ities
with
out
layi
ng
sieg
e to
them
; he
over
thro
ws
thei
r kin
gdom
with
out
leng
thy
oper
atio
n in
the
field
.S
IX
Therefore the skillful leader
subdues the enemy’s troops
without any FIGHTING; he
captures their cities without
laying siege to them; he over
throws their kingdom without
lengthy operation in the field.
SWARM
SWARM
7.strategem
With
his
forc
es in
tact
he
will
dis
pute
the
mas
tery
W
ith h
is fo
rces
inta
ct h
e w
ill d
ispu
te th
e m
aste
ry
of th
e Em
pire
, and
thus
, with
out l
osin
g a
man
, his
of
the
Empi
re, a
nd th
us, w
ithou
t los
ing
a m
an, h
is
triu
mph
will
be
com
plet
e. T
his
is th
e m
etho
d of
triu
mph
will
be
com
plet
e. T
his
is th
e m
etho
d of
atta
ckin
g by
stra
tege
m.
SEVEN
STRATEGYSTRATEGY
With
his
forc
es in
tact
he
will
dis
pute
the
mas
tery
STRATEGY
With
his
forc
es in
tact
he
will
dis
pute
the
mas
tery
W
ith h
is fo
rces
inta
ct h
e w
ill d
ispu
te th
e m
aste
ry
STRATEGY
With
his
forc
es in
tact
he
will
dis
pute
the
mas
tery
of th
e Em
pire
, and
thus
, with
out l
osin
g a
man
, his
STRATEGY
of th
e Em
pire
, and
thus
, with
out l
osin
g a
man
, his
of
the
Empi
re, a
nd th
us, w
ithou
t los
ing
a m
an, h
is
STRATEGY
of th
e Em
pire
, and
thus
, with
out l
osin
g a
man
, his
triu
mph
will
be
com
plet
e. T
his
is th
e m
etho
d of
STRATEGY
triu
mph
will
be
com
plet
e. T
his
is th
e m
etho
d of
triu
mph
will
be
com
plet
e. T
his
is th
e m
etho
d of
STRATEGY
triu
mph
will
be
com
plet
e. T
his
is th
e m
etho
d of
atta
ckin
g by
stra
tege
m.
STRATEGY
atta
ckin
g by
stra
tege
m.
atta
ckin
g by
stra
tege
m.
STRATEGY
atta
ckin
g by
stra
tege
m.
With his forces intact he
will dispute the mastery
of the Empire, and thus,
without losing a man, his
triumph will be complete.
This is the METHOD of
attacking by strategem.
8.the rule
in war
EIGHTSTRATEGY
It is
the
rule
in w
ar, i
f our
forc
es a
re te
n to
the
enem
y’s o
ne, t
o su
rrou
nd h
im; i
f fiv
e to
one
, to
atta
ck h
im; i
f tw
ice
as n
umer
ous,
to d
ivid
e ou
r
arm
y in
to tw
o.It is the rule in war, if our forces
are ten to the enemy’s one, to
SURROUND him; if five to one, to
attack him; if twice as numerous,
to divide our army into two.
9.matching ratio
If equally matched, we can
offer battle; if slightly inferior
in numbers, we can avoid the
enemy; if quite unequal in every
way, we can flee from him.
If eq
ually
mat
ched
, we
can
offe
r bat
tle; i
f slig
htly
infe
rior
9.
If eq
ually
mat
ched
, we
can
offe
r bat
tle; i
f slig
htly
infe
rior
9.matching ratio
If eq
ually
mat
ched
, we
can
offe
r bat
tle; i
f slig
htly
infe
rior
matching ratio
If equally matched, we can
If eq
ually
mat
ched
, we
can
offe
r bat
tle; i
f slig
htly
infe
rior
If equally matched, we can
offer battle; if slightly inferior
If eq
ually
mat
ched
, we
can
offe
r bat
tle; i
f slig
htly
infe
rior
offer battle; if slightly inferior
in numbers, we can avoid the
If eq
ually
mat
ched
, we
can
offe
r bat
tle; i
f slig
htly
infe
rior
in numbers, we can avoid the
enemy; if quite unequal in every
If eq
ually
mat
ched
, we
can
offe
r bat
tle; i
f slig
htly
infe
rior
enemy; if quite unequal in every
way, we can flee from him.
If eq
ually
mat
ched
, we
can
offe
r bat
tle; i
f slig
htly
infe
rior
way, we can flee from him.
in n
umbe
rs, w
e ca
n av
oid
the
enem
y; if
qui
te u
nequ
al in
eve
ry
matching ratio
in n
umbe
rs, w
e ca
n av
oid
the
enem
y; if
qui
te u
nequ
al in
eve
ry
matching ratio
If equally matched, we can
in n
umbe
rs, w
e ca
n av
oid
the
enem
y; if
qui
te u
nequ
al in
eve
ry
If equally matched, we can
offer battle; if slightly inferior
in n
umbe
rs, w
e ca
n av
oid
the
enem
y; if
qui
te u
nequ
al in
eve
ry
offer battle; if slightly inferior
in numbers, we can avoid the
in n
umbe
rs, w
e ca
n av
oid
the
enem
y; if
qui
te u
nequ
al in
eve
ry
in numbers, we can avoid the
enemy; if quite unequal in every
in n
umbe
rs, w
e ca
n av
oid
the
enem
y; if
qui
te u
nequ
al in
eve
ry
enemy; if quite unequal in every
way, we can flee from him.
in n
umbe
rs, w
e ca
n av
oid
the
enem
y; if
qui
te u
nequ
al in
eve
ry
way, we can flee from him.
way
, we
can
flee
from
him
.
9.
way
, we
can
flee
from
him
.
9.matching ratio
way
, we
can
flee
from
him
.
matching ratio
in numbers, we can avoid the
way
, we
can
flee
from
him
.
in numbers, we can avoid the
enemy; if quite unequal in every
way
, we
can
flee
from
him
.
enemy; if quite unequal in every
way, we can flee from him.
way
, we
can
flee
from
him
.
way, we can flee from him.
NINE
RATIOIf
equa
lly m
atch
ed, w
e ca
n of
fer b
attle
; if s
light
ly in
ferio
rRATIOIf
equa
lly m
atch
ed, w
e ca
n of
fer b
attle
; if s
light
ly in
ferio
r
in n
umbe
rs, w
e ca
n av
oid
the
enem
y; if
qui
te u
nequ
al in
eve
ry
RATIOin
num
bers
, we
can
avoi
d th
e en
emy;
if q
uite
une
qual
in e
very
force
Henc
e, th
ough
an
obst
inat
e fig
ht m
ay b
e m
ade
by
a sm
all f
orce
, in
the
end
it m
ust b
e ca
ptur
ed b
y
force
a sm
all f
orce
, in
the
end
it m
ust b
e ca
ptur
ed b
y
force
the
larg
er fo
rce.
force
the
larg
er fo
rce.
force
FORCE
Henc
e, th
ough
an
obst
inat
e fig
ht m
ay b
e m
ade
by
FORCE
Henc
e, th
ough
an
obst
inat
e fig
ht m
ay b
e m
ade
by
a sm
all f
orce
, in
the
end
it m
ust b
e ca
ptur
ed b
y
FORCE
a sm
all f
orce
, in
the
end
it m
ust b
e ca
ptur
ed b
y
FORCE
TEN
Hence, though an obstinate
fight may be made by a small
force, in the end it must be
captured by the larger force.
bulwarkNow the general is the bulwark of the
State; if the bulwark is complete at all
points; the State will be strong; if the
bulwark is defective, the State will
be weak.
Now
the
gene
ral i
s th
e bu
lwar
k of
the
Stat
e; if
the
bulw
ark
Now
the
gene
ral i
s th
e bu
lwar
k of
the
Stat
e; if
the
bulw
ark
Now
the
gene
ral i
s th
e bu
lwar
k of
the
Stat
e; if
the
bulw
ark
Now the general is the bulwark of the
Now
the
gene
ral i
s th
e bu
lwar
k of
the
Stat
e; if
the
bulw
ark
Now the general is the bulwark of the
State; if the bulwark is complete at all
Now
the
gene
ral i
s th
e bu
lwar
k of
the
Stat
e; if
the
bulw
ark
State; if the bulwark is complete at all
points; the State will be strong; if the
Now
the
gene
ral i
s th
e bu
lwar
k of
the
Stat
e; if
the
bulw
ark
points; the State will be strong; if the points; the State will be strong; if the
Now
the
gene
ral i
s th
e bu
lwar
k of
the
Stat
e; if
the
bulw
ark
points; the State will be strong; if the
bulwark is defective, the State will
Now
the
gene
ral i
s th
e bu
lwar
k of
the
Stat
e; if
the
bulw
ark
bulwark is defective, the State will
is c
ompl
ete
at a
ll po
ints
; the
Sta
te w
ill b
e st
rong
; if t
he
is c
ompl
ete
at a
ll po
ints
; the
Sta
te w
ill b
e st
rong
; if t
he
is c
ompl
ete
at a
ll po
ints
; the
Sta
te w
ill b
e st
rong
; if t
he
Now the general is the bulwark of the
is c
ompl
ete
at a
ll po
ints
; the
Sta
te w
ill b
e st
rong
; if t
he
Now the general is the bulwark of the
State; if the bulwark is complete at all
is c
ompl
ete
at a
ll po
ints
; the
Sta
te w
ill b
e st
rong
; if t
he
State; if the bulwark is complete at all
points; the State will be strong; if the
is c
ompl
ete
at a
ll po
ints
; the
Sta
te w
ill b
e st
rong
; if t
he
points; the State will be strong; if the points; the State will be strong; if the
is c
ompl
ete
at a
ll po
ints
; the
Sta
te w
ill b
e st
rong
; if t
he
points; the State will be strong; if the
bulwark is defective, the State will
is c
ompl
ete
at a
ll po
ints
; the
Sta
te w
ill b
e st
rong
; if t
he
bulwark is defective, the State will
bulw
ark
is d
efec
tive,
the
Stat
e w
illbu
lwar
k is
def
ectiv
e, th
e St
ate
will
bulw
ark
is d
efec
tive,
the
Stat
e w
ill
bulwark is defective, the State will
bulw
ark
is d
efec
tive,
the
Stat
e w
ill
bulwark is defective, the State will be
wea
k b
e w
eakState; if the bulwark is complete at all
be
wea
kState; if the bulwark is complete at all
points; the State will be strong; if the
be
wea
k
points; the State will be strong; if the points; the State will be strong; if the
be
wea
k
points; the State will be strong; if the
bulwark is defective, the State will be
wea
k
bulwark is defective, the State will
State; if the bulwark is complete at all .State; if the bulwark is complete at all
ELEVEN
BULWARK
misfortune
(1.) By commanding the army
to advance or to retreat, being
ignorant of the fact that it can
not obey. This is called hobbling
the army.
(1.)
By c
omm
andi
ng th
e ar
my
to a
dvan
ce o
r to
retr
eat,
bein
g
igno
rant
of t
he fa
ct th
at it
can
not o
bey.
This
is c
alle
d ho
bblin
g th
e ar
my.
(1.) By commanding the armyig
nora
nt o
f the
fact
that
it c
anno
t obe
y. Th
is is
cal
led
hobb
ling
the
arm
y.(1.) By commanding the army
igno
rant
of t
he fa
ct th
at it
can
not o
bey.
This
is c
alle
d ho
bblin
g th
e ar
my.
to advance or to retreat, being
igno
rant
of t
he fa
ct th
at it
can
not o
bey.
This
is c
alle
d ho
bblin
g th
e ar
my.
to advance or to retreat, being
ignorant of the fact that it can
igno
rant
of t
he fa
ct th
at it
can
not o
bey.
This
is c
alle
d ho
bblin
g th
e ar
my.
ignorant of the fact that it can
12.TWELVE
BULWARK
(2.) By attempting to govern an
army in the same way as he
administers a kingdom, being
ignorant of the conditions which
obtain in an army. This causes
restlessness in soldiers minds.
(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
(2.) By attempting to govern an(2
.) By
att
empt
ing
to g
over
n an
arm
y in
the
sam
e w
ay a
s (2.) By attempting to govern an
army in the same way as he
(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
army in the same way as he
administers a kingdom, being
(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
administers a kingdom, being
ignorant of the conditions which
(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
ignorant of the conditions which
obtain in an army. This causes
(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
obtain in an army. This causes
restlessness in soldiers minds.
(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
restlessness in soldiers minds.
he a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
(2.) By attempting to govern an
he a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
(2.) By attempting to govern an
army in the same way as he
he a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
army in the same way as he
administers a kingdom, beinghe
adm
inis
ters
a k
ingd
om, b
eing
igno
rant
of t
he c
ondi
-administers a kingdom, being
ignorant of the conditions which
he a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
ignorant of the conditions which
obtain in an army. This causes
he a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
obtain in an army. This causes
restlessness in soldiers minds.
he a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
restlessness in soldiers minds.
tions
whi
ch o
btai
n in
an
arm
y. Th
is c
ause
s re
stle
ssne
ss
(2.) By attempting to govern an
tions
whi
ch o
btai
n in
an
arm
y. Th
is c
ause
s re
stle
ssne
ss
(2.) By attempting to govern an
army in the same way as he
tions
whi
ch o
btai
n in
an
arm
y. Th
is c
ause
s re
stle
ssne
ss
army in the same way as he
administers a kingdom, being
tions
whi
ch o
btai
n in
an
arm
y. Th
is c
ause
s re
stle
ssne
ss
administers a kingdom, being
ignorant of the conditions which
tions
whi
ch o
btai
n in
an
arm
y. Th
is c
ause
s re
stle
ssne
ss
ignorant of the conditions which
obtain in an army. This causestio
ns w
hich
obt
ain
in a
n ar
my.
This
cau
ses
rest
less
ness
obtain in an army. This causes
restlessness in soldiers minds.
tions
whi
ch o
btai
n in
an
arm
y. Th
is c
ause
s re
stle
ssne
ss
restlessness in soldiers minds.
MISMIS(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
MIS(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
he a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
MIShe a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
tions
whi
ch o
btai
n in
an
arm
y. Th
is c
ause
s re
stle
ssne
ss
MIStions which obt
ain
in a
n ar
my.
This
cau
ses
rest
less
ness
in s
oldi
ers
min
ds.
MISin s
oldi
ers
min
ds.
MIS(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
MIS(2.)
By a
ttem
ptin
g to
gov
ern
an a
rmy
in th
e sa
me
way
as
he a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
MIShe a
dmin
iste
rs a
kin
gdom
, bei
ng ig
nora
nt o
f the
con
di-
tions
whi
ch o
btai
n in
an
arm
y. Th
is c
ause
s re
stle
ssne
ss
MIStions which obt
ain
in a
n ar
my.
This
cau
ses
rest
less
ness
in s
oldi
ers
min
ds.
MISin s
oldi
ers
min
ds.
FORTUNE
(3.) By employing the officers of
his army without discrimination,
through ignorance of the military
principle of adaptation to the
circumstances. This shakes the
CONFIDENCE of the soldiers.
(3.) By employing the officers of his arm
y without
(3.) By employing the officers of
(3.) By employing the officers of his arm
y without
(3.) By employing the officers of
his army without discrimination,
(3.) By employing the officers of his arm
y without
his army without discrimination,
through ignorance of the military
(3.) By employing the officers of his arm
y withoutthrough ignorance of the military
discrimination, through ignorance of the m
ilitary
(3.) By employing the officers of
of the military
(3.) By employing the officers of
his army without discrimination,
of the military
his army without discrimination,
of the militarythrough ignorance of the military
of the militarythrough ignorance of the military
principle of adaptation to the circumstances. This
(3.) By employing the officers of
principle of adaptation to the circumstances. This
(3.) By employing the officers of
his army without discrimination,
principle of adaptation to the circumstances. This
his army without discrimination,
principle of adaptation to the circumstances. Thisthrough ignorance of the military
principle of adaptation to the circumstances. Thisthrough ignorance of the military
shakes the confidence of the soldiers.
(3.) By employing the officers of
shakes the confidence of the soldiers.
(3.) By employing the officers of
his army without discrimination,
shakes the confidence of the soldiers.
his army without discrimination,
shakes the confidence of the soldiers.
through ignorance of the military
shakes the confidence of the soldiers.
through ignorance of the military
principle of adaptation to the
shakes the confidence of the soldiers.
principle of adaptation to the
of the military
principle of adaptation to the circumstances. This
shakes the confidence of the soldiers. FORTUNE
trouble
But when the army is restless
and distrustful, trouble is sure
to come from the other deudal
princes. This is simply bringing
ANARCHY into the army.
But w
hen
the
arm
y is
rest
less
and
dis
trus
tful
, tro
uble
trouble
But w
hen
the
arm
y is
rest
less
and
dis
trus
tful
, tro
uble
trouble
to come from the other deudal
But w
hen
the
arm
y is
rest
less
and
dis
trus
tful
, tro
uble
to come from the other deudal
princes. This is simply bringing
But w
hen
the
arm
y is
rest
less
and
dis
trus
tful
, tro
uble
princes. This is simply bringing
ANARCHY
But w
hen
the
arm
y is
rest
less
and
dis
trus
tful
, tro
uble
ANARCHY
But w
hen
the
arm
y is
rest
less
and
dis
trus
tful
, tro
uble
is s
ure
to c
ome
from
the
othe
r deu
dal p
rince
s. T
his
is
to come from the other deudal
is s
ure
to c
ome
from
the
othe
r deu
dal p
rince
s. T
his
is
to come from the other deudal
is s
ure
to c
ome
from
the
othe
r deu
dal p
rince
s. T
his
is
trouble
is s
ure
to c
ome
from
the
othe
r deu
dal p
rince
s. T
his
is
trouble
princes. This is simply bringing
is s
ure
to c
ome
from
the
othe
r deu
dal p
rince
s. T
his
is
princes. This is simply bringing
ANARCHY
is s
ure
to c
ome
from
the
othe
r deu
dal p
rince
s. T
his
is
ANARCHY
is s
ure
to c
ome
from
the
othe
r deu
dal p
rince
s. T
his
is
sim
ply
brin
ging
ana
rchy
into
the
arm
y.si
mpl
y br
ingi
ng a
narc
hy in
to th
e ar
my.
13.THIRTEEN
TROUBLE
TROUBLE
to come from the other deudal
TROUBLE
to come from the other deudal
princes. This is simply bringing
TROUBLE
princes. This is simply bringing
13. TROUBLE
13.
sim
ply
brin
ging
ana
rchy
into
the
arm
y.
14.victory
essentails(1.) He will win who knows when
to fight and when not to fight.
(1.) He will w
in who know
s when
14.(1.) He will w
in who know
s when
14.essentails
(1.) He will w
in who know
s when
essentails(1.) He will win who knows when
(1.) He will w
in who know
s when
(1.) He will win who knows when
(1.) He will w
in who know
s whento fight and when not to fight.
(1.) He will w
in who know
s whento fight and when not to fight.
to fight and whennot to fight.
14.to fight and whennot to fight.
14.(1.) He will win who knows when
to fight and whennot to fight.
(1.) He will win who knows when
to fight and when not to fight.
to fight and whennot to fight. to fight and when not to fight.
(2.) He will win who knows how
to handle both superior and
INFERIOR FORCES.
(2.) He will w
in who know
s how
to handle both superior and
(2.) He will w
in who know
s how
to handle both superior and
INFERIOR FORCES.
(2.) He will w
in who know
s how
INFERIOR FORCES.
to handle both superior and
to handle both superior and
to handle both superior and
to handle both superior and
INFERIOR FORCES.
to handle both superior and
INFERIOR FORCES.
inferior forces.
to handle both superior and
inferior forces.
to handle both superior and
INFERIOR FORCES.
inferior forces.
INFERIOR FORCES.
FOURTEEN
TROUBLE
(3.) He will win whose army is
animated by the same spirit
throughout all its ranks.
(3.) He will w
in whose arm
y is(3.) He w
ill win w
hose army is
(3.) He will win whose army is
(3.) He will w
in whose arm
y is
(3.) He will win whose army is
animated by the same spirit
(3.) He will w
in whose arm
y isanimated by the same spirit
(3.) He will w
in whose arm
y isthroughout all its ranks.
(3.) He will w
in whose arm
y isthroughout all its ranks.
animated by the sam
e spirit anim
ated by the same spirit
(3.) He will win whose army is
animated by the sam
e spirit
(3.) He will win whose army is
animated by the same spirit
animated by the sam
e spirit
animated by the same spirit
animated by the sam
e spirit
throughout all its ranks.
animated by the sam
e spirit
throughout all its ranks.
throughout all its ranksthroughout all its ranks
(3.) He will win whose army is
throughout all its ranks
(3.) He will win whose army is
animated by the same spirit
throughout all its ranks
animated by the same spirit
throughout all its ranks.
throughout all its ranksthroughout all its ranks.
. (4.) He will win who, prepared
himself, waits to take the
enemy unprepared.
(4.)
He w
ill w
in w
ho,p
repa
red
(4.)
He w
ill w
in w
ho,p
repa
red
(4.)
He w
ill w
in w
ho,p
repa
red
(4.) He will win who, prepared
(4.)
He w
ill w
in w
ho,p
repa
red
(4.) He will win who, prepared
himself, waits to take the
(4.)
He w
ill w
in w
ho,p
repa
red
himself, waits to take the
him
self,
wai
ts to
take
the
him
self,
wai
ts to
take
the
enem
y un
prep
ared
.en
emy
unpr
epar
ed.
VICTORYVICTORY(3.) He w
ill win w
hose army is
animated by the sam
e spirit
throughout all its ranks
VICTORYVICTORY(3.) He w
ill win w
hose army is
(4.)
He w
ill w
in w
ho,p
repa
red
(5.) He will win who has military
capacity and is not interfered
with by the sovereign.
(5.)
He w
ill w
in w
ho h
as m
ilita
ry(5
.) He
will
win
who
has
mili
tary
capa
city
and
is n
ot in
terf
ered
capa
city
and
is n
ot in
terf
ered
with
by
the
sove
reig
n.VICTORYVICTORY(5
.) He
will
win
who
has
mili
tary
VICTORY(5
.) He
will
win
who
has
mili
tary
(5.)
He w
ill w
in w
ho h
as m
ilita
ry
VICTORY(5
.) He
will
win
who
has
mili
tary
capa
city
and
is n
ot in
terf
ered
VICTORYca
paci
ty a
nd is
not
inte
rfer
edca
paci
ty a
nd is
not
inte
rfer
ed
VICTORYca
paci
ty a
nd is
not
inte
rfer
edw
ith b
y th
e so
vere
ign.VICTORY
with
by
the
sove
reig
n.w
ith b
y th
e so
vere
ign.VICTORY
with
by
the
sove
reig
n.VICTORY
15.PREPARE15.
PREPARE15.
preparedness
FIFTEEN
15.15.PREPARE15.
Hence the saying: If you know
the enemy and know yourself,
you need not fear the result of
a hundred battles. If you know
yourself but not the enemy, for
every victory gained you will also
suffer a defeat. If you know
neither the enemy nor yourself,
you will succumb in every battle.
Henc
e th
e sa
ying
: If y
ou k
now
the
enem
y an
d kn
ow
Henc
e th
e sa
ying
: If y
ou k
now
the
enem
y an
d kn
ow
Henc
e th
e sa
ying
: If y
ou k
now
the
enem
y an
d kn
ow
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
Hence the saying: If you know
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
Hence the saying: If you know
the enemy and know yourself,
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
the enemy and know yourself,
you need not fear the result of
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
you need not fear the result of
a hundred battles. If you know
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
a hundred battles. If you know
yourself but not the enemy, for
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
yourself but not the enemy, for
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
every victory gained you will also
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
every victory gained you will also
suffer a defeat. If you know
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
suffer a defeat. If you know
neither the enemy nor yourself,
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
neither the enemy nor yourself,
you will succumb in every battle.
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
you will succumb in every battle.
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
rba
ttle
s. If
you
kno
w y
ours
elf b
ut n
ot th
e en
emy,
for
Hence the saying: If you know
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
Hence the saying: If you know
the enemy and know yourself,
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
the enemy and know yourself,
you need not fear the result of
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
you need not fear the result of
a hundred battles. If you know
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
a hundred battles. If you know
yourself but not the enemy, for
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
yourself but not the enemy, for
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
every victory gained you will also
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
every victory gained you will also
suffer a defeat. If you know
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
suffer a defeat. If you know
neither the enemy nor yourself,
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
neither the enemy nor yourself,
you will succumb in every battle.
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
you will succumb in every battle.
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u ev
ery
vict
ory
gain
ed y
ou w
ill a
lso
suffe
r a d
efea
t. If
you
Hence the saying: If you know
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u Hence the saying: If you know
the enemy and know yourself,
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
the enemy and know yourself,
you need not fear the result of
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
you need not fear the result of
a hundred battles. If you know
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
a hundred battles. If you know
yourself but not the enemy, for
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
yourself but not the enemy, for
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
every victory gained you will also
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
every victory gained you will also
suffer a defeat. If you know
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
suffer a defeat. If you know
neither the enemy nor yourself,
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
neither the enemy nor yourself,
you will succumb in every battle.
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
you will succumb in every battle.
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
Hence the saying: If you know
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
Hence the saying: If you know
the enemy and know yourself,
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
the enemy and know yourself,
you need not fear the result ofkn
ow n
eith
er th
e en
emy
nor y
ours
elf,
you
will
suc
cum
b you need not fear the result of
a hundred battles. If you know
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
a hundred battles. If you know
yourself but not the enemy, for
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
yourself but not the enemy, for
every victory gained you will also
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
every victory gained you will also
suffer a defeat. If you know
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
suffer a defeat. If you know
neither the enemy nor yourself,
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
neither the enemy nor yourself,
you will succumb in every battle.
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb
you will succumb in every battle.
Henc
e th
e sa
ying
: If y
ou k
now
the
enem
y an
d kn
ow
Henc
e th
e sa
ying
: If y
ou k
now
the
enem
y an
d kn
ow
your
self,
you
nee
d no
t fea
r the
resu
lt of
a h
undr
ed
batt
les.
If y
ou k
now
you
rsel
f but
not
the
enem
y, fo
r
ever
y vi
ctor
y ga
ined
you
will
als
o su
ffer a
def
eat.
If yo
u
know
nei
ther
the
enem
y no
r you
rsel
f, yo
u w
ill s
uccu
mb