You will be given a map which shows some simple geological structures and features to interpret. There will also be some questions which relate to the map and to the rock, mineral and fossil specimens.
The key will include the Rock Units shown on the map. Sometimes you are told what type of rocks each rock unit represents but not always. It is a good idea to write the letters of each rock unit on the map before you start using it.The key also tells you which rock units have a specimen available to study.
Folds
There are two folds on this map. What type of folds are they? What is the trend and the symmetry of these folds?
A B
Unconformities mark times when erosion is dominant and no sediments are deposited. They mark a break in deposition because of uplift and mountain building. The rocks above overlay the rocks below UNCONFORMABLY and are often very different in dip and strike.Unconformities cut across other beds.
FoldsWhat type of fold is this? What is the trend and the symmetry of this fold?Give the geological history of this map.
A B C
D
Unconformities
Locate a fold and an unconformity on this map. Describe them both fully.Give the geological history of this area.
A
BC
D
Unconformities
Where are the unconformities on these maps? How can you be sure that they are unconformities?
A
B
UnconformitiesLocate two folds and an unconformity on this map. Describe them both fully. Give the geological history of this area.
AB C
D
Igneous intrusion
s
What type of igneous intrusions are shown on this map?What rocks could A and B be?
A
B
Faults
If faults are shown by straight lines then they are vertical. If faults have a sinuous outcrop then they are at an angle to the horizontal and are probably reverse or thrust faults. What type
of faults are these? What is the geological history of this area?
F2A
B
CD E
Faults
The youngest rocks are always on the downthrow side of a fault. You need to know how old each rock is to find out the downthrow.
Faults
Strike-slip faults are vertical but the movement on them is lateral (sideways). If the far side moves to the right the sense of movement is dextral, if it moves to the left the movement is called sinistral. Which way has this strike-slip fault moved?
FaultsWhat types of faults are F1 and F2? How can you tell?Which one occurred first? How do you know?What is the geological history of this area?
A B
C
D
E
Which fault F1 or F2 is not vertical? How do you know?
Which fault F1 or F2 came first?How do you know?
What is the geological history of this area?
A B C
D
E
SillsB
C
CWhat map evidence would you need to know to convince you that the feature formed by Rock B was a sill?
Graphic logs
Give the evidence from the graphic log that shows that these rocks were laid down in a fluvial environment.
Asymmetrical ripples
Cross bedding
Erosional base
Evaluation of fold axes
Are these statements true?• the fold trends are NS•the folds are symmetrical •the fold wavelength is 200m.
Questions State three
pieces of evidence, either from Map 3 or your fieldwork or knowledge, which confirm the presence of an unconformity.
Draw and label on Map 3 the axial planes of two folds to the east of Fault F2.
Rock unit B was deposited in tropical, shallow seas. What evidence from the photo and the graphic log would confirm this statement?