Bio 9C: Monday, January 3, 2011Title: Cell Specialization & Muscle Cells
Homework: Read Section 36-2 (pgs. 926-931, but skip/skim over pg.
929). Use active reading strategies: see assignment sheet for details.
Extended Do Now: Get a worksheet and complete Task #1 (5 min) Compare answers/drawings with your neighbor Complete Task #2 with the person sitting next to you
Today’s Objectives: Describe how different types of cells have different structures
to fit their functions Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them
to contract to create movement
Extended Do Now: “Typical” Human Cell
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Extended Do Now: Specialized Cells have Specialized Structures
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Start your Homework
Read Section 36-2 (pgs. 926-931, but skip/skim over pg. 929).
Take notes in your notebook using the active reading strategies we have discussed, including: Write a purpose question after skimming over the
reading Take notes on main ideas and key details Make note of connections and questions as you read When done reading, summarize 3 main ideas of this
section.
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Biology 9 – Moretti & Dickson
Muscle Contractions:Create Body Movements
Bio 9C: Tuesday, January 4, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 2
Homework: In your notebook, write 2 paragraphs describing the following:
What are the major structures of a skeletal muscle cell and how they work together to allow a muscle to contract?
How do muscles, bones, and tendons connect together and help move body parts? Give an example of how a particular body part moves!
Extended Do Now: What functions does the musculoskeletal system do for the body?
Today’s Objectives: Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit
their functions Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to
contract to create movement
The Musculoskeletal System
Overall Functions: Move the body, or parts of
the body Support body & maintain
posture(keep you standing/sitting upright)
Made up of… Skeletal muscles Bones (skeletal system) Connective tissues
Tendons connect muscle to bone
Ligaments connect bone to boneObjectives for Class:
• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Skeletal Muscle
Attached to bones Contracts to create body
movements Controlled voluntarily Structured with fibers bundled
within fibers. The simplest muscle fiber is a muscle cell.
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Muscle Tissue
Zoom in…
Zoom in more…
Skeletal Muscle Cells
Long, narrow cells Filled with
specialized cytoskeleton fibers
Many mitochondria Many nuclei along
edges of cell
Reach the whole length of a muscleFibers attach and slide past each other to contract
Provide ATP energy for cytoskeleton to moveHelp make cytoskeleton proteins along the length of the whole cell
Structures: Functions:
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Zoom in…
Skeletal Muscle Cells
Animations:
Overview, zoom in, and sarcomere contraction in grasshopper muscles (excellent):
http://entochem.tamu.edu/MuscleStrucContractswf/index.html
Simultaneous whole-muscle, cartoon sarcomere, and real muscle fiber contraction (brief):
http://www.edumedia-sciences.com/en/a502-muscle-contraction-sarcomere
Actin, myosin, and cross-bridges (detailed):http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter10/animation__sarcomere_contraction.html
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Bio 9C: Wednesday, January 5, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 3
Homework: Complete Chicken Wing Dissection Analysis Questions
Do Now: Read the Pre-lab for the Chicken Wing Dissection Lab
Today’s Objectives:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells
that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones
to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to
contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Rules
Respect for the animals that donated these wings
Safety Raw meat… keep hands away
from mouth, wash hands after. Scalpels are sharp!
Patience – this might be confusing. That’s OK! You can learn a lot even if you can’t figure out all the parts.
Zero tolerance for fooling around, horseplay, etc. You WILL be asked to lea
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Materials
Aprons, goggles & gloves
Dissecting tray Scissors Dissecting Probe Chicken Wings Scalpel (only if you
need it). Never cut towards fingers!
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Procedures
Put a chicken wing on a paper towel. Peel back or cut away the skin and fat of the largest wing segment to
expose the large muscle. This muscle is called the bicep. Find the tendon that attaches the bicep to the bones of the middle
segment of the wing. Tendons are tough, shiny, white cords that join the muscle to the bones.
Use forceps to pull on the tendon of the biceps and observe what happens to the chicken wing.
In the space below, draw a sketch showing how the tendon attaches the biceps muscle to the moveable bone in the wing. Write a sentence describing what happens when you pull on the tendon with the forceps.
Locate the joint between two bones. Observe how the joint is structured, particularly how the bones, tendons, ligaments, and muscles all come together.
Lastly, break one of the small bones in half (be sure to crack it away from you). Examine the structure of the bone. Make notes and/or drawings.
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Lilliana
Anthony
Brunyr
Kendra
MarieAaron
Marcus
Carla
Christine
Rockens
Jhon
Amanjot
Julian
Karen
Jason
Joe
Obayanna
Amando
GarlynCrystal
Jonathan
AsarelJamesly
Chicken Wing Dissection
Meryam
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Anatomy of your hand
Bio 9C: Thursday, January 6, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 3.5
Homework: Complete the Chicken Wing Dissection Assignment
Do Now: Sit with your lab partner from yesterday (at the lab bench)
and compare notes from the chicken wing dissection lab
Today’s Objectives:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that
allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to
create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract
and cause movement
Short Class (10 min)
Leave backpacks in the room… we are traveling to the YMCA and cannot bring them!
Bio 9C: Monday, January 10, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 4.5
Homework:
Do Now:
Today’s Objectives:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle
cells that allow them to contract to create movement
• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system
• Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
· Muscles are attached to at least two points:· Immovable bone to
“anchor” muscles· Movable bone - attached
by tendons)· Muscle Contracts (gets
shorter)· Muscle pulls on the tendon
attached to moveable bone· Tendon pulls bone into new
position
Muscle Contractions:Create Body Movements
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Examples: Upper Arm:
Biceps contract: Arm bends at the elbow
Triceps contract: Arm straightens
Lower Leg: Shin muscle contracts: Foot goes
up Calf muscle contracts: Foot goes
down
Muscle Contractions: Opposing Muscles Create Movement
How Muscle Cells Contract
1.Cytoskeleton fibers (myosin and actin) attach to each other and pull together.
2.This makes the entire muscle cell get shorter (aka contract).
3.This process uses a lot of ATP energy (provided
by mitochondria).4.When the fibers let go,
the muscle relaxes.Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Animations:
Overview, zoom in, and sarcomere contraction in grasshopper muscles (excellent):
http://entochem.tamu.edu/MuscleStrucContractswf/index.html
Simultaneous whole-muscle, cartoon sarcomere, and real muscle fiber contraction (brief):
http://www.edumedia-sciences.com/en/a502-muscle-contraction-sarcomere
Actin, myosin, and cross-bridges (detailed):http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter10/animation__sarcomere_contraction.html
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Bio 9C: Tuesday, January 11, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 5.5
Homework: Complete the analysis questions on the Muscle
Contraction Worksheet
Do Now: Log Into a computer and wiat for your next instructions
Today’s Objectives:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that
allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to
create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract
and cause movement
The Anatomy (Physiology) of a Kick
Computer Investigation: The Anatomy of a Kick http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih6/Bone/activities/activities_toc.ht
m
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement