Bio 9C: Monday, January 3, 2011 Title: Cell Specialization & Muscle Cells

Bio 9C: Monday, January 3, 2011Title: Cell Specialization & Muscle Cells

Homework: Read Section 36-2 (pgs. 926-931, but skip/skim over pg.

929). Use active reading strategies: see assignment sheet for details.

Extended Do Now: Get a worksheet and complete Task #1 (5 min) Compare answers/drawings with your neighbor Complete Task #2 with the person sitting next to you

Today’s Objectives: Describe how different types of cells have different structures

to fit their functions Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them

to contract to create movement

Extended Do Now: “Typical” Human Cell

Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement

Extended Do Now: Specialized Cells have Specialized Structures


Start your Homework

Read Section 36-2 (pgs. 926-931, but skip/skim over pg. 929).

Take notes in your notebook using the active reading strategies we have discussed, including: Write a purpose question after skimming over the

reading Take notes on main ideas and key details Make note of connections and questions as you read When done reading, summarize 3 main ideas of this

section.

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

Biology 9 – Moretti & Dickson

Muscle Contractions:Create Body Movements

Bio 9C: Tuesday, January 4, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 2

Homework: In your notebook, write 2 paragraphs describing the following:

What are the major structures of a skeletal muscle cell and how they work together to allow a muscle to contract?

How do muscles, bones, and tendons connect together and help move body parts? Give an example of how a particular body part moves!

Extended Do Now: What functions does the musculoskeletal system do for the body?

Today’s Objectives: Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit

their functions Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to

contract to create movement

The Musculoskeletal System

Overall Functions: Move the body, or parts of

the body Support body & maintain

posture(keep you standing/sitting upright)

Made up of… Skeletal muscles Bones (skeletal system) Connective tissues

Tendons connect muscle to bone

Ligaments connect bone to boneObjectives for Class:

• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement

Skeletal Muscle

Attached to bones Contracts to create body

movements Controlled voluntarily Structured with fibers bundled

within fibers. The simplest muscle fiber is a muscle cell.


Muscle Tissue

Zoom in…

Zoom in more…

Skeletal Muscle Cells

Long, narrow cells Filled with

specialized cytoskeleton fibers

Many mitochondria Many nuclei along

edges of cell

Reach the whole length of a muscleFibers attach and slide past each other to contract

Provide ATP energy for cytoskeleton to moveHelp make cytoskeleton proteins along the length of the whole cell

Structures: Functions:



Zoom in…

Skeletal Muscle Cells

Animations:

Overview, zoom in, and sarcomere contraction in grasshopper muscles (excellent):

http://entochem.tamu.edu/MuscleStrucContractswf/index.html

Simultaneous whole-muscle, cartoon sarcomere, and real muscle fiber contraction (brief):

http://www.edumedia-sciences.com/en/a502-muscle-contraction-sarcomere

Actin, myosin, and cross-bridges (detailed):http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter10/animation__sarcomere_contraction.html

Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement



http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter10/animation__sarcomere_contraction.html


Bio 9C: Wednesday, January 5, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 3

Homework: Complete Chicken Wing Dissection Analysis Questions

Do Now: Read the Pre-lab for the Chicken Wing Dissection Lab

Today’s Objectives:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells

that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones

to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to

contract and cause movement

Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Rules

Respect for the animals that donated these wings

Safety Raw meat… keep hands away

from mouth, wash hands after. Scalpels are sharp!

Patience – this might be confusing. That’s OK! You can learn a lot even if you can’t figure out all the parts.

Zero tolerance for fooling around, horseplay, etc. You WILL be asked to lea


Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Materials

Aprons, goggles & gloves

Dissecting tray Scissors Dissecting Probe Chicken Wings Scalpel (only if you

need it). Never cut towards fingers!


Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Procedures

Put a chicken wing on a paper towel. Peel back or cut away the skin and fat of the largest wing segment to

expose the large muscle. This muscle is called the bicep. Find the tendon that attaches the bicep to the bones of the middle

segment of the wing. Tendons are tough, shiny, white cords that join the muscle to the bones.

Use forceps to pull on the tendon of the biceps and observe what happens to the chicken wing.

In the space below, draw a sketch showing how the tendon attaches the biceps muscle to the moveable bone in the wing. Write a sentence describing what happens when you pull on the tendon with the forceps.

Locate the joint between two bones. Observe how the joint is structured, particularly how the bones, tendons, ligaments, and muscles all come together.

Lastly, break one of the small bones in half (be sure to crack it away from you). Examine the structure of the bone. Make notes and/or drawings.


Lilliana

Anthony

Brunyr

Kendra

MarieAaron

Marcus

Carla

Christine

Rockens

Jhon

Amanjot

Julian

Karen

Jason

Joe

Obayanna

Amando

GarlynCrystal

Jonathan

AsarelJamesly

Chicken Wing Dissection

Meryam

Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Anatomy of your hand

Bio 9C: Thursday, January 6, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 3.5

Homework: Complete the Chicken Wing Dissection Assignment

Do Now: Sit with your lab partner from yesterday (at the lab bench)

and compare notes from the chicken wing dissection lab

Today’s Objectives:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that

allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to

create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract

and cause movement

Short Class (10 min)

Leave backpacks in the room… we are traveling to the YMCA and cannot bring them!

Bio 9C: Monday, January 10, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 4.5

Homework:

Do Now:

Today’s Objectives:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle

cells that allow them to contract to create movement

• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system

• Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement

· Muscles are attached to at least two points:· Immovable bone to

“anchor” muscles· Movable bone - attached

by tendons)· Muscle Contracts (gets

shorter)· Muscle pulls on the tendon

attached to moveable bone· Tendon pulls bone into new

position

Muscle Contractions:Create Body Movements



Examples: Upper Arm:

Biceps contract: Arm bends at the elbow

Triceps contract: Arm straightens

Lower Leg: Shin muscle contracts: Foot goes

up Calf muscle contracts: Foot goes

down

Muscle Contractions: Opposing Muscles Create Movement

How Muscle Cells Contract

1.Cytoskeleton fibers (myosin and actin) attach to each other and pull together.

2.This makes the entire muscle cell get shorter (aka contract).

3.This process uses a lot of ATP energy (provided

by mitochondria).4.When the fibers let go,

the muscle relaxes.Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement

Animations:

Overview, zoom in, and sarcomere contraction in grasshopper muscles (excellent):


Simultaneous whole-muscle, cartoon sarcomere, and real muscle fiber contraction (brief):


Actin, myosin, and cross-bridges (detailed):http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter10/animation__sarcomere_contraction.html






Bio 9C: Tuesday, January 11, 2011Title: Muscle Cells Day 5.5

Homework: Complete the analysis questions on the Muscle

Contraction Worksheet

Do Now: Log Into a computer and wiat for your next instructions

Today’s Objectives:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that

allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to

create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract

and cause movement

The Anatomy (Physiology) of a Kick

Computer Investigation: The Anatomy of a Kick http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih6/Bone/activities/activities_toc.ht

m


http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih6/Bone/activities/activities_toc.htm

http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih6/Bone/activities/activities_toc.htm

Documents

Bio 9C: Monday, January 3, 2011 Title: Cell Specialization & Muscle Cells