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12.7 Dilemma 3: What Should President

Madison Do to Protect Sailors and Settlers?

What Happened at Sea?

• Madison strikes a deal with Napoleon: if France agreed tostop seizing U.S. ships, the U.S. would cut off all trade withG.B.

•Madison begins to think of going to war with G.B.

• Who would be opposed to war with G.B.?

• New Englanders and Federalists are strongly opposed towar with G.B. Didn’t want a blockade of their ports.

MadisonNapoleon Bonaparte



What Happened on the Frontier?

• Settlers in the S. and W. favored war with Britain. Theyaccused Britain of stirring up trouble with the Natives.

• Natives were found with English guns and Americanswere outraged.

• “War Hawks” such as Clay and Calhoun wanted to drivethe British out of Canada.

Tecumseh Henry Clay John C. CalhounWilliam Henry Harrison



What’s Happening To Me?



12.8 What Happened? Madison

Launches the War of 1812What Were the Battles on Land and Sea?

• Army has 7,000 men and the Navy has 16 ships.

• Americans make progress into Canada but are thenpushed back across the border.

• 1814, British attack Washington and burn the Capitol andthe White House.

• British attack Baltimore (Ft. McHenry) and Francis Scott Keywrites a poem called “The Star Spangled Banner.”



The White House Burned











What Was the Battle of New Orleans?

• Battle of New Orleans was the greatest U.S.

victory.

• 7,500 British troops attack New Orleans which

was defended by Andrew Jackson and 7,000

militia, pirates, Indians, and free blacks.

• 2,000 British casualties to only 20 American.

• The battle made a hero out of A. Jackson.

• Treaty was signed 2 weeks before the battle.





Andrew Jackson Jean Lafitte





What Were the Results of the War?•

3 important effects of the war:1. Indian resistance weakened in the Northwest.

2. U.S. national pride surged. The U.S. truly felt like an independentnation.

3. Federalist party weakens from opposition to the war, and never recovers.



12.9 Dilemma 4: What Should President Monroe

Do to Support the New Latin American Nations?

What Were Latin America’s Revolutions

• Mexican revolution was inspired by MiguelHidalgo in 1810. It won independence from

Spain in 1821.• The last Spanish troops had been driven out of

South America by 1825.

Miguel Hidalgo



James Monroe (the 5th president)



Revolutionary Leaders

Simon Bolivar:

Venezuela

Jose De San Martin:

Argentina



What Were The New Latin American Nations?

• Americans were excited by the revolutions, and the British alsosupported them.

• Foreign countries could now trade with the nations of LatinAmerica.

• Some Euro countries wanted to help Spain recover its lost colonies.

• President Monroe had to ask former presidents what to do.





12.10 What Happened? The U.S. Issues

the Monroe Doctrine• 1823 Monroe Doctrine: N. and S. America are not subject

to colonization by European countries. The U.S. wouldconsider this dangerous to our peace and safety.

• Europeans thought this was arrogant; Americans loved it.

•

It appeared to conflict with the U.S. policy of isolationism.

Europe: STAY OUT!



The Monroe Doctrine



Monroe Doctrine Cont.

• The Monroe Doctrine had 2 major implications:

1. U.S. would not tolerate European interferencein the Western Hemisphere.

2. It implied that the U.S. was a strong, confidentnation to be respected by the world.