Citizen based monitoring and the charismatic megafauna of Wisconsin
Timothy Van Deelen
David MacFarland
University of Wisconsin at Madison
ALLposters.com
Charismatic megafaunacharismatic megafauna noun. Animals that have popular appeal and so can form the basis of conservation campaigns and fundraising drives.
Early population influences
• Native American hunting
• Fur trade• Logging• Settlement• Market hunting
Early 20th Century to now
• Increasing regulation• Ecologically meaningful
DMUs• Mandatory harvest
registration• Variable quotas• Sex-Age-Kill
Plastic food habits...
Survey of National Park Managers:98 species of plants threaten by overabundant deer in human-influencedlandscapes (Miller et al. 1992)
“This effect of too many deer on the ground flora of the forest deserves special mentionbecause it is an elusive burglary of esthetic wealth, the more dangerous because unintentional and unseen…” - Leopold
University of Wisconsin-Madison Archives
Changes in Wisconsin Gray Wolf Population:
1980-2006
115
465
435
373
335327
257248
205
178
148
9983
57404540343128
1816151719272125
1131089483
70665747
35281814121312117655445455
1980 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89
1990 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
2000 01 02 03 04 05 06
Number of Wolves
Number of Packs
Large animal life table, r = -0.10x f(x) S(x) l(x) d(x) q(x) p(x)
age count temporal dist. cohort survival cohort mortality age sp. motality age sp. survival
f(x)/f(0) S(x)e^rx l(x) - l(x+1) d(x)/l(x) 1-q(x)
0 1000 1.00 1.00 0.28 0.28 0.72
1 801 0.80 0.72 0.08 0.11 0.89
2 789 0.79 0.65 0.07 0.11 0.89
3 776 0.78 0.57 0.06 0.11 0.89
4 764 0.76 0.51 0.07 0.13 0.87
5 734 0.73 0.45 0.07 0.15 0.85
6 688 0.69 0.38 0.06 0.16 0.84
7 640 0.64 0.32 0.06 0.19 0.81
8 571 0.57 0.26 0.08 0.30 0.70
9 439 0.44 0.18 0.09 0.48 0.52
10 252 0.25 0.09 0.06 0.66 0.34
11 96 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.94 0.06
12 6 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.55 0.45
13 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00
14 0 0 0 0 undefined undefined
Notation follows Caughley, 1977. Analysis of vertebrate populations
The expanded life tablex l(x) p(x) m(x)
cohort survival age.sp survival age sp. birth rate
l(x+1)/l(x) l(x)m(x) l(x)m(x)x
0 1.00 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00
1 0.80 0.50 2.00 1.60 1.60
2 0.40 0.25 3.00 1.20 2.40
3 0.10 0.00 1.00 0.10 0.30
4 0.00 undefined 0.00 0.00 0.00
2.90
Generation time: G=Σl(x)m(x)x/Σl(x)m(x)
Net reproductive rate: Ro= Σl(x)m(x)
r ≈ ln(Ro)/G Euler-Lotka equation: Σl(x)m(x)exp(-rx) = 1
Petersen Population Estimate from Tetracycline Marking
No. bears in pop. (N) No. samples examined (n)
—————————— = ————————————
No. marked in pop. (M) No. marked in sample (m)
Nest = M * (n/m)