Cynhadledd Adfywio Gwledig Adeiladu Cymunedau Gwledig Cynaliadwy
Rural Regeneration Conference Creating Sustainable Rural Communities
Croeso / Welcome
Nia Griffths Cyfarwyddwr, CREW Adfywio Cymru
Director, CREW Regeneration Wales
@CREWRegenWales
Ymunwch â’r drafodaeth ar Twitter
#ruralregen
Join in the conversation on Twitter
#ruralregen
@CREWRegenWales / @CHCEvents
Wi-Fi: Password: letmeinplease2
Lesley Griffiths AC/AM
Gweinidog Cymunedau a Threchu Tlodi
Minister for Communities and Tackling Poverty
Prif Anerchiadau
Keynote Addresses
Tai Gwledig: Creu Cymunedau Cynaliadwy Steve Jones, Prif Weithredydd, Tai Ceredigion
Rural Housing: Creating Sustainable
Communities Steve Jones, Chief Executive, Tai Ceredigion
Creu Cymunedau Cynaliadwy
Creating Sustainable Communities
Steve Jones
Prif Weithredwr / Chief Executive
What are Rural
Housing Associations for?
• #Feisty Sheep and #Biddable Spaniels
• Tai Ceredigion and rural regeneration
• Partnership working
• Rural Housing Challenges
• #Rural Wolves – Cuts, NIMBYS, Tailspins
• Is it time to give up?
• Time to train the spaniels!
Tai Cymru a Ddefaid – Wales
Housing and Sheep
Cyflwno Tai Ceredigion Cyf
Introducing Tai Ceredigion
• Established in 2009 as a Large Scale Voluntary Stock Transfer
• 2227 Ceredigion County Council homes and 140 RTB leaseholds
transferred
• Ceredigion – 78K rural population - 47% speak Welsh (was 52%)
• Board made up of 5 Council nominees, 5 Elected Tenants, and 5
Independent members – committed to deliver bilingual services
• Mainly general needs family housing plus 9 sheltered schemes
• 61 % of tenants on full or partial housing benefit
• £35m homes improvement programme 2010-15 to meet Welsh
Housing Quality Standard by spring 2015 – now achieved
• Developing before 2015 was not in the script! Regeneration DNA
Original aims of Tai Ceredigion
“a first class bilingual landlord and employer that puts
tenants first, provides quality homes and benefits
communities and the local economy”
Based in Ceredigion
Have charitable status
Be a good landlord –attend to
repairs promptly, provide
accessible services at
affordable rents
Welsh Language at the heart of
our business
Good employer with career
opportunities
Meeting the housing and
employment needs of local
people
Strive to improve the local
economy
Management Board is inclusive
and comprised equally of
Council nominees, tenants and
independents
encourage tenants to become
members/shareholders
Pay attention to the wider
regeneration and community
development needs of the
County
Value meaningful tenant
involvement in policy
development, service delivery
and forward investment
programmes
Stoc Tai
Housing Stock
Tackling Fuel Poverty in “off
gas” rural properties
Ground Source heat pumps Air Source heat pumps
•
Tackling Fuel Poverty in “off
gas” rural properties
External Rockwool Insulation Solar Thermal and PVs
•
Adfywio / Regeneration
• EU Convergence Area
• ERDF / ESF/RDP opportunities
• Housing Associations as Community
Hubs
• Social Enterprise Partnership – Consistent with core business of housing
– Delivering promises to tenants more quickly
– Complementing work of other voluntary and
public sector bodies
– Delivering local employment
– Floating off viable sustainable micro
businesses
Community Enabler
• Big Lottery and Digital
Inclusion projects
• Business Planning partnership
workshops
• Identified need – Elderly
Befriending project
• Tai Ceredigion asked to host bid
and project for CAVO, Age
Concern, Social Services, Health
• £1m Big Lottery bid
• Using Tai Ceredigion’s sheltered
schemes as Community Hubs
• Additional Bids for Wii fit, internet
access, training.
• Community gardens and bio
diversity
• Development of community
gardens
• Biodiversity gardens
• Sustainable food production
• Educational projects around
sustainable food with local schools
• Community food production
• Cleaner and more environmentally
friendly places to live
Community Enabler
Training and Employment
Social clauses in OJEO
improvements main contracts
Expansion of existing Direct
Labour Force
Modernisation of DLO
25% increase in staff
Apprenticeships
Investment in training
Quick Wins Delivery of
level access bathrooms
Partnership with Working
Links / Probation
MEDRA Handyperson and
Mobile Caretaking Service
ARBED phase two energy
efficiency programme
Gwasanaethau MEDRA Services
• Social Enterprise Partnership
• Tai Ceredigion, Wales Probation Trust,
and Working Links
• Successful ERDF EU funding bid to
expand Tai Ceredigion as Ceredigion’s
largest Social Enterprise
• £125K of ERDF funding secured
• Matched by over £100K of efficiency
savings from transferred Council
budgets within Tai Ceredigion
• Will deliver:
– New Handyperson scheme for Tai
Ceredigion tenants
– New Mobile Caretaking service for Tai
Ceredigion tenants and leaseholders
– 7 new jobs
– 8 new trainee / work experience
opportunities
– Future Options to offer gardening and
handyperson services to other Housing
Associations tenants, and elderly
owner occupiers
Gwasanaethau MEDRA Services
Creating Partnerships
Partneriaeth /Partnership
Clwb Ni – 2012/13
Partneriaeth /Partnership
Datblygu’r dyfodol
Developing the future
Principal Challenges
2015
• Aging population / large O/O stock in
disrepair
• Under occupation and consequences of
Welfare Reform Act for under 35 yr olds
• Lack of supply of smaller 1 bed homes in
rural areas
• UK Government’s Class War and further
residualisation / end of social housing
Principal Challenges
2015
• Supply of land – Councils and other public
bodies sitting on land and expecting OMV
• Planning Consent – local
members/NIMBYs and Village Greens
• Eco Warriors (Conservation Officers /
Wildlife protection Police / RSPB/ Cadw)
• Increasing demand / homelessness
• Tailspin of local government departures
Steve Jones
Potential effect on average
“Council Cymru” • If overall spending on services was to be reduced by 4% in 20114-
15 and a further 4% in 2015/16 what would the impact be on an
average council with a revenue budget of £260m?
• The council would need to find recurrent savings of at least £12.8 million
over the next two years, all from the £62.5 million controllable expenditure
that is not subject to protection. The worst case scenario would result in that
expenditure being cut by £25.0 million by 2015-16.
• Ceredigion County Council – needs to cut £21m over 3 years – how? – Libraries? Leisure Centres? Voluntary Sector funding? Planning? Legal/Democratic?
– Or look for efficiency savings in statutory services like Social Services/Education?
• Where does Tai Ceredigion and other housing associations fit into this
picture of doom and gloom? Can we / should we help?
Some other big issues
• Welsh Government Housing Bill
– Homelessness prevention responsibilities
– Bigger role for the private rented sector (?)
• Rationalisation of RSLs in Wales?
• The Health affordability / delivery issue
• Demographic / Needs time bomb
• The Welsh Language (one of TC objectives)
• The Climate change – more extremes
• Welsh Government Anti Poverty Strategy
• EU funding opportunities – ERDF/ESF/RDP – social
enterprise growth
The Way Forward
• Reference back to the JRF study findings
• Positive partnership working with Welsh
Government and new Local Government o
• New funding methods – Welsh Government
backed Bond / EU funding
• Greater scale and efficiencies, whilst retaining
local accountability and tenant involvement
• A wider role for housing associations – with a
strong focus on regeneration and tackling
poverty – with Rural Housing Enabler network
• And remember to look after your spaniels well!
The Way Forward
Stay Positive!!!
Ysgogi Twf Economaidd mewn Cymunedau
Gwledig Doug Hughes, Cyfarwyddydd, Hughes Architects a
Chadeirydd EFFAITH Dyffryn Hafren
Stimulating Economic Growth in Rural
Communities Doug Hughes, Director, Hughes Architects and Chair of the
Severn Valley EFFECT
‘Stimulating Economic Growth in Rural
Communities’
Rural Regeneration Conference
March 19 2015
Doug Hughes RIBA Director Hughes Architects
Chair SV EFFECT
Have we got the title right?
I see this simply as helping our rural communities prepare for the future
This is me and this is Mrs. Me
Rural regeneration requires being connected, being seen and being available (at
all times).
It also requires a massive amount of patience and compromise from significant
others
Where are we?
Is anywhere rural anymore?
All (good) photos by kind permission of Tim Williams- bricklayer
by day and photographer by night.
www.facebook.com/TIMSPHOTOGRAPHYENJOY
Newtown- Our Town
Newtown- Our Town
Hello- is anybody out there listening?
Source: Wales Spatial Plan 2008- we are in trouble now!
Which roughly translated as………
Excerpt from Draft Regeneration Strategy for Powys
February 2011
5.10 Regeneration Priority 9 - Establishing a network of settlements with distinct roles and functions
Machynlleth is already hub for renewable energy and holistic lifestyles
LLandrindod Wells is an existing hub for administration
Rhayader is in a strategically important location for tourism but is perhaps does not currently fulfilling its potential to become a tourism hub for
the County
Brecon might not fulfilling its potential as a base for outdoor activities
Welshpool is an important town for innovative manufacturing
Newtown is the largest settlement in Powys and accommodates the associated range of
services and facilities. Llanidloes is an historic market town with rich historical character, that acts as a hub for smaller surrounding settlements.
Centres of excellence
A key proposal of the spatial strategy is the development of ‘centres of excellence’ across the county. These centres, which are highlighted on
the spatial strategy plan, seek to build on established, emerging or potential specialist areas which will contribute to the regeneration vision.
The proposed centres of excellence which are to be enhanced or established are:
Hay-on-Wye for books
Builth Wells for agricultural events
Llandrindod Wells for public administration
Machynlleth for alternative technology
Brecon for outdoor activities
Rhayader for tourism to support the development of tourism in the Cambrian Mountains area
The number of words in the English language is: 1,025,109.8.
And this is the best we can do?
We are listening Mr. Hughes but no- one is talking to us
Local
Development
Plan
Time to stop talking about Christmas lights
A typical Town Council?
Irena Bauman RIBA
‘I believe that most architects are
underemployed.’
The plan for the next generation
Our pledge:
•To shut up and listen
•To understand what the community wants
•To be tenacious and consistent
•To collaborate with all
•To keep everybody updated
•To speak clearly
•To assume we shall not get any financial help
•To deliver something!
The plan for the next generation
We soon learnt we could not stimulate economic growth
without social and environmental growth.
We could not do anything without our community.
We could not do anything without helping our community find
its voice.
So we started drawing….
Our ideas
Our ideas
Spreading the word
And we did all this without
So how did we do?
We now have confidence in ourselves.
There is a buzz about the place.
A can do attitude that attracts indigenous as well as
external investors.
We now have confidence in us.
We have a vibrant town council that is very good at organising a knees- up
From this…….
To this….
To this…….the town is buzzing socially
New sheltered housing- Architects Hughes
New Market Hall- Architects George and Tomos
New church- Architects Unknown
Private housing FACING THE RIVER!- Architects Hughes
New school- Architects B3
Nearly all town centre high street shops and offices full- only one empty!
A town that works for all of us
2 new town parks
Vaynor
Town Centre
More top quality art shows
And outside of the town centre too.
Newtown- one of the top Google e-towns in the UK
Web giant Google analysed the online strength of 1,300 towns
across Britain, and those with the highest scores in each region
were awarded eTown status.
Businesses in Newtown were named top in Wales of those most
actively embracing the web.
"The internet is going to play a key role in Newtown's economic
growth, helping local businesses and entrepreneurs thrive, and
contributing overall to the wider British economy,"
And a real measure of civilisation arriving.
The Colonel is on his way
Thinking a bit bigger- The Severn Valley
Welshpool + Newtown +
Llanidloes= Severn Valley EFFECT
•Started by Ernesto Sirolli 30 years
ago
•Has worked with communities all
over the world
•A WG Local Growth Zone Project
•A pilot project to stimulate
entrepreneurship and growth of
existing businesses in the Severn
Valley
It’s only just begun!
The Story So Far
We have helped 37
businesses
We have been introduced to
151 community champions,
businesses and influencers
We have 40 signed up
Resource Team ‘Business
Champions’
All since October 2014!
www.sveffect.co.uk
The Severn Valley- we are open for business
The Severn Valley-local partnerships for the local delivery of affordable housing
And to finish
As for Top Tips for stimulating growth in
rural economies?
•Be inspirational
•Be consistent
•Be connected
•Be committed
•Keep the momentum
•Be in it for the long term
•And share…there are lots of good
people out there that want to participate
•Oh yes and have a partner who has a
shed load of patience
Doug Hughes RIBA
07814 014450
Cwestiynau
Questions
Lluniaeth a rhwydweithio Dychwelyd yma am 11:45
Refreshments and networking Return here for 11:45
Sicrhau Buddion i Gymunedau Gwledig Gerallt Llewelyn Jones, Rheolydd Gyfarwyddydd Menter
Môn ac aelod Bwrdd CREW
Securing Rural Community Benefits Gerallt Llewelyn Jones, Managing Director, Menter Môn
and CREW Board member
Start up 1995 No shareholders
Enterprise Agency ERDF / ESF sponsor
4 county reach Third sector enterprise (NFP)
£7m T/O across two companies £4m assets
60 staff
24/03/2015 menter mon cyf 2008 : JVE fund 87
MENTER MÔN Cyf Adding value to base resources. Culture to economy
24/03/2015 menter mon cyf 2008 : JVE fund 88
Bringing ADDED VALUE AND REGENERATION together
Village renewals / with local communities
Anglesey Coastal Path / with IOACC
Off road cycling / with Environment Agency
Heritage / with National Trust
LARGER CAPITAL PROGRAMME Historic Asset acquisitions Remodelling new business purpose Operation LLYS LLEWELYN
Accommodation centre and
cultural interpretation
commercial laundry to
diversify income streams
Cafe and catering centre
sustains 7 jobs;
LARGER CAPITAL PROGRAMME Historic Asset acquisitions Remodelling new business purpose Operation LLANGEFNI TOWN HALL
Office accommodation centre
Community centre
LLANGEFNI Town Hall Wholesale reconfiguration for sustainable and viable future
use
£2m development Annual T/O £90,000
LARGER CAPITAL PROGRAMME Historic Asset acquisitions Remodelling new business purpose Operation AMLWCH COPPER KINGDOM
Café and catering
Copper mining museum
LARGER CAPITAL PROGRAMME Historic Asset acquisitions Remodelling new business purpose Operation AMLWCH COPPER KINGDOM
Café and catering
Copper mining museum
LARGER CAPITAL PROGRAMME Historic Asset acquisitions Remodelling new business purpose Operation PRINCES PIER
Business Units
Thomas Telford Centre
Princes pier phase 1
Princes pier phase 1
ADDING VALUE TO BASE RESOURCES
THE SEA BED
September 2013
Crown estate launch leasing process for 6 demonstration zones
Tidal
Wave
The selection process What constitutes a good Zone?
Rhinweddau technegol Technical characteristics
Expectations of MM as zone leaseholder
• Manage the zone on behalf of TCE – insure; operational compliance ; communications; reporting
• Collect seabed rent on behalf of TCE
• Attract investment to add value through – infrastructure improvements ie grid connections
– wholesale zone wide consent
• Collect leaseholder added value rent and recycle into the local economy or into allied renewable energy enterprise
How will it work
Seabed Rent
Added Value Rent
Sub tenants In MORLAIS
ZONE 5 -10 Turbine Developers
Eg MCT, Open Hydro, Scottish
Renewables etc
Landowner The Crown Estate
Local economic activity benefits – local marine services; Engineering; R
and D etc
Seabed Rent
Leaseholder Menter Mon
Altruistic benefit
Amserlen gwireddu Operational timeline
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020……. 2065
funding
Consenting & engagement
Supply chain development
Grid Connection
Developers in the Zone
Manage the zone
?
?
Spen 33kv secured
Spen 33kv poss
ADDING VALUE 1 GRID CONNECTION 10MW TO 120MW Current scenario
Nat Grid 270kv Poss
NG at Bryncir Or SPEN at Y Ffor 132kv Yes
Spen 132kv No
Spen 33kv Poss
?
?
spen√
spenx
Developer berths 1 – 6
Export 10 – 120MW via Anglesey Aluminium 132kV
A
B C
A B C EXPORT
CONNECTION FROM LANDING POINT TO EXPORT
SUBSEA TO LANDING POINT
ADDING VALUE 1 GRID CONNECTION 10 TO 120 SCALEABLE 2017 - 20
Siemens 10-40MW
Minesto 13 MW
INCOME ASSUMPTIONS
4 SUBTENANTS IN 2018 PRODUCING 60MW 6 SUBTENANTS BY 2020 PRODUCING 120MW
ANNUAL INCOME PER 10MW TO TURBINE DEVELOPER = £2m
ANNUAL ADDED VALUE RENT PER 10MW TO INVESTORS = 6-10%
= £120K – £200K PER 10MW output = £720K – £1.2m at 60MW output
= £1.44m – £2.4m at 120MW output
Lease Life return
= £28.8m – £48m at 60MW over 40 years = £57.6m – £96m at 120MW over 40 years
RISKS / CONSTRAINTS
LACK OF SUB TENANTS
GRID CONN DELAYS
INCOME GENERATION DELAYS
PUBLIC SECTOR FUNDING PROCRASTINATION
GLOBAL INFLUENCES
PARTNERSHIP TENSIONS
CONSENT ISSUES
Cymhelliant / Motivation
• To seek local ownership and influence in major renewable energy developments
• To secure local economic benefit through supply chain and R and D benefit
• Secure Income for MM’s altruistic economic development work long term
• Ensure developments are suitable and acceptable to stakeholders and citizens locally
• To seek private partners who are ready to respect tolerances and find complementarity
Cwestiynau
Questions
“Un Funud Fach” Gwerthu gweithdai
“Just a minute” Workshop sell – without hesitation, repetition or deviation!
- Gweithdai 12:20 – 13:45
- Cinio 13:15
- Dychwelyd yma am 14:00
- Workshops 12:20 – 13:45
- Lunch 13.15
- Return here for 14:00
Gweithdy 4 Datblygu Tai mewn Cymunedau Gwledig a rôl
Swyddogion Galluogi Tai Gwledig Walis George, Prif Weithredydd, Grŵp Cynefin a David
Hedges, Cyfarwyddydd, Cyngor Da
Workshop 4 Developing Housing in Rural Communities and
the role of Rural Housing Enablers Walis George, Chief Executive, Grŵp Cynefin and David
Hedges, Director, Cyngor Da
DEVELOPING HOUSING IN
RURAL COMMUNITIES: THE
ROLE OF RURAL HOUSING
ENABLERS
David Hedges, Cyngor Da
Walis George, Grŵp Cynefin
Barriers and Challenges
Affordability gap
Evidence of local need
Planning policies
Land supply
NIMBYs / NOTEs
Funding
Community sustainability
Enabling Factors
Local authority land
Delivery by Housing Associations
Social Housing Grant
Rural exception sites
Rural Housing Enablers!!!
Maes y Pandy, Llanuwchllyn
Castell y Gog, Dyffryn Ardudwy
Successful Delivery
121
Successful Delivery
Godre’r Coed, Dinas Mawddwy
Gors Fach, Gellilydan
Maes y Priordy, Llandderfel
Trem y Garn, Morfa Nefyn
Successful Delivery
123
Successful Delivery
Cysgod y Cwmwd, Llanbedrog
Congl Meinciau, Botwnnog
Successful Delivery
Pant yr Eithin, Harlech
Canolfan Fenter Congl Meinciau, Botwnnog
What is a Rural Housing Enabler?
Commonly acknowledged purpose: to work with rural communities to facilitate provision of housing that meets their needs.
Alongside this: a broker and bridge builder, bringing all those with a role in delivery together. It is at the earliest stages of providing affordable housing that RHEis seen as being most relevant: raising awareness, working with communities to identify needs and possible sites; increasing communities’ knowledge of the process; and dispelling myths.
As links between housing & community regeneration have become recognised, it appears RHEs purpose has expanded to assist the community find ways of improving its long-term sustainability. In such cases housing may be a consequence of the RHE’s involvement, but it may result in other community benefits.
Evaluation of RHEs in Wales
Research consultancy team:
Jo Lavis – Rural Housing Solutions
David Hedges – Cyngor Da
Cath Stubbings - Celandine Strategic Housing
Lin Cousins – Three Dragons
Research carried out 2013 - Published January 2014
Key Research Findings
RHEs successfully put in place the evidence &
community engagement - pre-requisites for delivery
of rural affordable housing. Their Input is valued by
LAs, HAs and communities.
Since 2004 RHEs helped deliver 186 affordable
homes in 6 areas, with 240 in the pipeline. 89% of
completions in Gwynedd, Monmouthshire and South
Powys - all areas where there has been a RHE in
post since 2009.
Key Research Findings
It is universally considered that the loss of an
existing RHE project would reduce the already low
levels of rural affordable housing delivery.
It is perceived that delivery is held back by a lack
of capital funding, limited site supply, out of date
local plans, planning policies that do not take
account of financial viability & a lack of strategic
leadership. All issues which can be influenced by but
are outside the direct control of RHEs.
Research Recommendations
Adopt delivery team approach to rural affordable
housing: HA, LA housing, planning policy and
development management staff & RHE
Greater RHE involvement in site appraisal including
viability, supported by training & adoption of rural
affordable housing viability toolkit.
Greater RHE formal involvement in formal ‘training’
events for local authority politicians, organised through
the WLGA.
Research Recommendations
Extend Welsh Government funding for RHEs until March 2015, with similar commitment by local partners. During this time consider putting in place funding arrangements not wholly dependent on grant.
Post March 2015 - those Steering Groups showing commitment to rural affordable housing delivery should have opportunity to bid into funding pot available for RHE posts, with Welsh Government funding representing a maximum 33% of costs.
Research Recommendations
In parallel, Welsh Government should work with
Steering Groups, WLGA & CHC to develop alternative
funding mechanisms - recognising links between
delivery & revenue for RHE posts & include
consideration of rurally targeted capital funding
programme.
Welsh Government should review with Steering Group
Chairs and the Rural Housing Strategic Group (RHSG)
the possibility of changing to a sub-regional approach
extending across LA boundaries, but with more than
one RHE covering the sub-region.
Research Recommendations
Steering Group arrangements
Welsh Government should work with RHSG to set
Terms of Reference for Steering Groups to include a
strategic influencing role at local & national level.
Signing up to these could be a condition of future
funding for the RHE post.
Steering Groups to agree roles & responsibilities
for all those involved in rural affordable housing
delivery, including RHEs, LAs and HAs.
Research Recommendations
Welsh Government
Introduce targeted rural affordable housing capital
programme - ideally over 3 years.
Review of Acceptable Cost Guidance - applied to
rural schemes.
Permit cross-subsidy in small rural communities
including on rural exception sites - especially in high
value areas
Research Recommendations
Welsh Government
Collect and publish data on delivery of affordable housing in rural communities & levels of ACG applied to rural schemes.
Agree with the RHSG core output & outcome targets - monitored by Steering Groups, included in LA monitoring returns to and collated by Welsh Government into a published annual report.
Explore with RHSG alternative practice being adopted across the UK particularly.
A Regional Approach?
Delivery across a wider geography i.e. North West
Wales
Focus on delivery of affordable housing and
community regeneration activity
Strengthen partnership working and accountability
Alternative funding model
Collaboration - Present
Conwy Gwynedd Ynys Môn/
Anglesey
Funders
Conwy CBC X
Gwynedd Council X
IoACC X
SNPA X X
Grŵp Cynefin X X X
North Wales Housing X
Cartrefi Conwy X
Welsh Government X X X
Accountable body / employer Grŵp Cynefin
Grŵp Cynefin
IoACC
Collaboration – In Future?
North West Wales
Funders
Conwy CBC X
Gwynedd Council X
IoACC X
SNPA X
Grŵp Cynefin X
North Wales Housing X
Cartrefi Conwy X
Welsh Government X
Accountable body / employer Grŵp Cynefin
No. of RHEs 3
Delivery
Retain core RHE role across 3 Counties
Research and develop alternative delivery models
Community Land Trusts
Revolving Land Bank
Low Cost Home Ownership models
More than housing
Platform for community regeneration initiatives
Wider social, economic and environmental benefits
Governance
Service Board
LAs x 3, SNPA, HAs x 3
Rural regeneration?
Social enterprise?
Agree Business Plan
Secure new income streams
Coordinate, support and scrutinise delivery:
outcomes and outputs
Funding
Estimated budget 2015-18 £432K
Local partners 60%
Welsh Govt. 29% in year 1
Fee income 11%+
Roof tax / development levy
Sell services into other LA areas?
Regeneration activity?
Alternative delivery models?
Implementation
Support from local partners
Awaiting Welsh Government response
Establish Shadow Service Board
Statement of Intent
Business Plan
Budget for 2015-16
Focus on delivery
DIOLCH / THANK YOU [email protected]
Patrwm Gwledig Newydd Yr Athro Terry Marsden, Prifysgol Caerdydd
A New Rural Paradigm Professor Terry Marsden, Cardiff University
The New Rural Paradigm: co-production, governance and design
in sustainable place-making.
Terry Marsden
The New Rural Paradigm
• A new ,multi-sector, place-based approach to rural development with closer links between rural and urban economy.
• Rural areas as part of more dynamic regions.
• Shift from subsidy-driven to more variable development through investments.
• Exploiting and valorising hitherto unused resources (OECD,2006).
The counter-tendencies
• Continued cost-price squeeze in agriculture and other land based primary sectors
• Crises in the intensive agri-food regime: disease, food risks, carbon emissions, bio-diversity loss, health concerns.
• Further centralisation of service infrastructures with public sector austerity measures.
• Further demographic ‘draining’ from rural heartlands.
NRP remedies
• Place-based development
• Endogeneity
• Novelty
• Social capital
• Market governance
• New institutional apparatus
• Sustainability as a driving community and business force=
• Niche innovations, new interfaces, re-organising territorial capital.
Towards the distributed economy
• Rural areas are the source and origin of distributed and distributive systems. Rural eco-system services are dispersed not centralised.
• Example: BBNPA provides 90% of water services to Cardiff, and 78% to Swansea.
• Example: Three National parks in Wales provide £557 million GVA (1.2% Wales Economy) 12 mill visitors and 13,000 jobs across Wales.
• Example: 40% of employment linked to environment-dispersed and often small scale.
The Bioeconomy and Resource Governance
Bioeconomy and land / water
resource
Sustainability • economic • social • ecological • intensification
Sovereignty
• producers • consumers
Governance
Security
• food • energy • fibre • feed stocks
• neoliberal • post neoliberal
Four key drivers
1. Continued post-productivism and social polarisation, positionality and property exclusivity.
• 2. Alternative community development and urban/rural linkages (esp. food, energy).Place-based eco-economy.
• 3. The new bioeconomy on the one hand and land grabbing&land abandonment on the other.
• 4. New rounds of uneven development and spatial fixing of mobilities: financialisation
Food Security Low (Vulnerability)
Food Security High (Resilience)
Sustainability High (Resilience)
Sustainability Low (Vulnerability)
1954 - 1984 1984 - 2007
2007 - present 1930s - 1954
High farming National productivism 94% self sufficiency
‘Food from our own resources’ Food prices decline as a
percentage of household income
Post-productivism Food scares associated with intensification Food surpluses ‘Supermarketisation’ Growing imports 60% self sufficiency
‘Dig for Victory’ Rationing
Food and energy shortages
‘Perfect storm’ Neo-productivism Sustainable intensification Alternate food networks Rising household energy and food costs Financial speculation
Positioning food security and sustainability in the UK
Sustainable food paradigm • 1. New food security and sustainability crisis with
combined landscape pressures associated with climate change, resource depletion and health and welfare
• 2. Need critical understanding of how science, technology, industry, markets, culture and policy regimes are responding to these more fundamental problems
• 3. Developing an engaging sustainability science in developing a new food, energy, nature nexus paradigm
Defining the bioeconomy
• ‘That part of the economy which captures the latent value of biological processes and renewable bio-resources to produce improved health and sustainable growth and development.. An economy that uses renewable bio-resources and eco-industrial clusters to produce sustainable bio-products, jobs and income’ (OECD2011)
• By 2030 bio-technologies contributing 35% of outputs of chemicals (like bio-plastics); upto 80% pharmaceuticals and 50% agricultural outputs.
• ‘Spillover’ effects on energy, health and farming. EU turnover 2 trillion Euros;em]ploying 22 million and 9% of EU employment; exploiting the intersections between agriculture,forestry, fisheries, food, pulp, chemical and health and energy.
• Broader definitions of land and water-based eco-system services, including amenity; and rising significance of land rent from local provenance of products and services (Le Heron, Slee; 2012).
Bioeconomy is the next wave of economy
By the year 2030, the world’s need for food will increase by 50 percent, need for energy by 45 percent and need of water by 30 percent. In bioeconomy, renewable resources will be used widely for producing food, energy, products and services. Efficient recycling of materials and securing the functionality of nature’s ecosystem services are characteristic for bioeconomy. Bioeconomy decreases our dependence on the fossil natural resources.
*The most important renewable natural resources in Finland are the biomasses of forests, soils, fields, lakes and sea, as well as supplies of fresh water. ** Ecosystem services are ones provided by the nature, such as absorbing carbon dioxide and recreational use.
Britain’s horsemeat The ABP and Comigel connections
Graphic: Guardian http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/graphic/2013/feb/15/horsemeat-scandal-food-safety1#zoomed-picture
Competing or complementary bioeconomy arena?
• Agriculture and forestry: commodities and multifunctionalities.
• Bio-materials: plastics,chemicals,energy,bio-mass.
• Bio-services and eco-system services: amenity, health,open space,heritage water, bio-diversity.
• Eco-Economy: local,organic fair,ethical, producer-based rural development.
Land questions
• Different combinations of the bio-eco economy
• More diversity of land use and occupancy
• More diversified markets of rural land based goods and services.
• Need for closer management of land uses and occupancy
• Closer urban-rural linkages.
• Reintegrating production and consumption interests.
The ecological economy as: ‘the effective management and reproduction of resources (as combinations of natural, social, economic and territorial capital) in ways designed to mesh with and enhance the local and regional eco-system rather than disrupting and destroying it’
‘The eco-economy thus consists of cumulative and nested webs of viable businesses and economic activities that utilise the different types of environmental resources in urban and rural areas in sustainable ways. This does not lead to the net depletion of resources, but rather an increase in economic, ecological and community resources’.
Expanding the social, economic and ecological matrix
• ‘The more diverse the economic web, the easier is the creation of still further novelty… leading to a positive correlation between economic diversity and growth’
• (Kaufmann, 2008)
• Ecological matrix as part of social and ecological systems (Perfecto et al, Natures Matrix, 2011)
Key features of SPM
• Foundational economy: deep locality studies (Williams, CREW, 2014)
• Endogenous-exogenous equations and networks
• Innovations scaling out, in and under the nexus
• Engagement with multi-level and reflexive governance and scales: village neighbourhood, catchment, city region, bio-region, province…
• Enrolment of community into the active reappraisal of: assets, infrastructures, entrepreneurial networks, landscapes
• Evolutionary collaborative/collective informal planning and project development around place-based assets
• Re-working strategies with existing regulatory and institutional structures and creating new ‘spaces for action’
• Re-organisation of bio-sphere property rights
• Participation in translocalism agenda.
SPM processes
• Networked value creation rather than GVA/GDP squeeze
• A re-capturing of multiple flows of knowledge, goods and services
• Reflexive spatial governance
• A re-localisation of social assets, capitals and market practices
• A commitment to social as well as technical design, social innovation as well as new product innovation.
• A re-cognition of space as place
• Filling in the social and infrastructural ‘missing middle’ between individualised behaviours and aggregated abstractions.
• Nexus (food, energy, water, landscape) thinking turning into practices.
• Community based action research and capacity building
Shaping the eco-economy through financial re-engineering
• Creating regional accounts for sustainable development projects and initiatives (e.g Het Groene Woud, Netherlands).
• Shorter supply chains and networks.
• Local enterprise trading systems
• Time banking.
• Crowd funding.
• Community-based energy feed-in tariffs (e.g Germany)
Sustainable Land Management: coming to a collective, multi-stakeholder vision
• Understanding and accounting for all of the values that land management delivers.
• How to optimise the profitability and viability of land-based businesses.
• Build up levels of trust between stakeholders.
• From process-based to outcome-based regulation.
• Government policy and strategy to enable local and regional alliances and networks.
A Bioeconomy Value Network
Waste water
Fish business
Farming (greenhouse)
Biogas production
Fish farming
CHP
Household consumers
Wind power
Electricity grid
Sludge
Fish waste
Fish oil
CO2, heat, electricity Fish, vegetables
electricity
Biogas
Fertiliser
W
A
T
E
R
A biogas plant utilizes wastes of the local greenhouse and fish farming as well as other wastes to produce heat and electricity as well as fertilizers to local farmers and greenhouses
In 2050, real time trading systems enable a glocal world economy
Technological breakthroughs will create wide variety of bio-based products in chemistry, energy technology and medicine as well as food industry
Significance of bioeconomy for Finland Production Value added Employees Exports
mill. € mill. € mill. €
Food, total 16 093 4 356 128 400 515
Agriculture 4 822 1 658 90 100 0 Food industry 11 271 2 698 38 300 515
Bioeconomy products, total 29 273 9 317 101 400 13 819 Forestry 4 232 2 898 25 000 68 Wood products industry 6 870 1 542 36 400 2077 Pulp and paper industry 13 653 2 967 23 300 9185 Building and construction 9 228 3 344 58 120 100 Chemical industry 1 644 434 1 600 1 347 Pharmaceutical industry 1 339 845 4 100 932
Renewable energy 4 033 1 903 5 801 0 Water purification and distribution 610 400 2 700 0 Bioeconomy services, total 2 993 1 416 33 900 0
Travel in nature environment 2 737 1 226 32 000 0 Hunting 85 79 100 0 Fishing 171 111 1 800 0
Bioeconomy in total 60 685 20 104 319 321 14 248 National economy in total 375 777 163 424 2 509 500 54 221 Percentage of bioeconomy 16,1 % 12,3 % 12,7 % 26,3 %
Luvut vuodelta 2011
Sustainable Places Institute, Cardiff University
Place-based approach
Welsh Government (WG) • Long term partnership with Welsh Government to explore shared interests in
sustainable place-making; • Achieved via:
– Independent evaluation of government led programme - ‘Pathfinders’ : • Programme explored the impact of intermediary officers in helping communities take climate change
action; • PLACE researchers considered the experiences of communities and of ‘path-finding’ officers; • reporting to government and to the academic community.
– Expert review - Place-making leadership group (high-level panel of sustainability experts, led
by Wales Commissioner for Sustainable Futures).
– Co-funded research projects and networks: Including: • PhD (2012) “Building Community Resilience – The role of community energy projects in sustainable
place making”; • MSCA- Innovative Training Network: “Sustainable Place Shaping”.
– 12-month staff secondment – Member of Department for Environment and Sustainable
Development joined PLACE on 2013, to enhance collaboration and knowledge transfer.
Canal and River Trust (CRT)
• CRT: Responsible for safeguarding 2,000 miles of Canals and Rivers across UK – formed in 2010 -politically driven by shift to Localism.
• Charity status – necessary to demonstrate public benefit of services (including through enhancing biodiversity, arts, cultural and community benefits).
• PLACE-CRT Strategic Partnership formed in 2013 - commitment to work together on a 10-year research programme.
Stage 1: Public Benefits Outcomes Framework - Approach
• Scientific Consulting Research Model of participatory science (Leydesdorff and Ward 2005) – most appropriate for first research stage;
• Long-term research arrangements and approaches vary in accordance to context;
• Stage 1: An iterative process -
continuous review of Public-Benefits indicator framework , rather than summative evaluation.
* Leydesdorff, L., & Ward, J. (2005). Science shops: a kaleidoscope of science–society collaborations in Europe. Public Understanding of Science, 14(4), 353-372.
Adapted from: Cooper, C. B., Dickinson, J., Phillips, T., & Bonney, R. (2007). Citizen science as a tool for conservation in residential ecosystems. Ecology and Society,12(2), 11.
Conclusions
• Differing bio-economy/ eco-economy framings in regions and nation states.
• Forces of integration and fragmentation.
• Nexus and integrating value networks providing new , more distributed business models (e.g SITRA, Finland, Lund, Sweden).
• New linkages between biodiversity, consumer choices/access and health priorities
Conclusions 2
• The Distributed economy
• The deepened and broadened rural economy
• Translocal and as well as re-localised connections. e.g. Rural Alliances 76 community-business alliances/regional networks.
• Reflexive forms of multi-level governance: e.g procurement, fiscal and financial decentralisation, community co-production.
• Nexus business development.
Cwestiynau
Questions
“Un Funud Fach” Gwerthu gweithdai
“Just a minute” Workshop sell – without hesitation, repetition or deviation!
Lluniaeth a rhwydweithio Gweithdai i ddilyn am 14:45
Refreshments and networking Workshops to follow at 14:45
Gweithdy 1 Ynni Adnewyddadwy Cymunedol Dan McCallum, Cyd-sefydlydd Awel Aman Tawe / Egni
Community Energy
Workshop 1 Community Renewable Energy Dan McCallum, Co-founder Awel Aman Tawe / Egni Community
Energy
Dan McCallum
Rheolwr, Awel Aman Tawe ac Egni
www.awelamantawe.co.uk www.egni.coop
Golwg lleol/Local views
Cyfarfod Cynllunio/Planning Committee
• Sefydlu gan/established by Awel Aman Tawe
• Cydweithfa annibynnol / independent co-op
• 119 kw (Dove 21kw, Glynnedd 14kw, AAT 4kw, Ysgol y Bedol 50kw, Canolfan Blaendulais 30kw)
Egni
Ysgol Gwaun Cae Gurwen School
2004 10kW
Mantaision / advantages • Rhag-gofrestru /pre-register i FiT
• Sdim problem rhwng cael arian cyhoeddus a FiT/No conflict between public funding and FiT
• (S)EIS
Cefnogaeth/Support • Adfwyio Cymru/Renew Wales – Sharenergy, Menter Mon, Transition Tywi, Rounded Developments
• £2k Cooperative Membership
• £10k Coalfields Regeneration Trust
• £10k Sefydliad/Foundation Waterloo
• £5k Naturesave
• Canolbwynt Menter y Co-operative/ Coop Hub
• Amgylchedd Cymru/Environment Wales
Canlyniadau/Results
• £171k o 94 aelodau/members
• 81% o Gymru/Wales; 7 % yn lleol /local
• £103k (64%) o 15 aelodau/members
• 1,000 tunnell o garbon
• 4% - 10% ROR
• Incwm £15k
• yn arbed £6k/saves £6k
Cefnogaeth i Ynni Cymunedol
• Adfywio Cymru/Renew Wales www.renewwales.org.uk
• Ynni’r Fro www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/ynnirfro
• Ynni Cymunedol Cymru / Community Energy Wales www.communityenergywales.org.uk
• Community Energy Scotland http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5QtvyrQHJQE
• Cymru Effeithlon / Resource Efficient Wales www.resourceefficient.wales.gov.uk
0300 123 2020
Sesiwn Llawn / Adborth
Plenary / Feedback session
Sylwadau i gloi
Closing remarks