Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Lecture Notes
Chapter 11
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Overview of Fallacies
• Fallacies of Language
• Fallacies of Relevance
• Fallacious Appeals to Authority
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Fallacies of LanguageAmbiguity
• Informal Fallacy of Equivocation
• Informal Fallacy of Amphibole
• Informal Fallacy of False Implication
• Informal Fallacy of Composition
• Informal Fallacy of Division
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Vagueness
• Puffery
• Hyperbole or hype
• Weasel Words
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Informal Fallacy of Classification
• Denotation and Connotation
• Informal Fallacy of Loaded Language– Euphemism – Dysphemism– Informal Fallacy of Rhetorical Question
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Fallacies of RelevanceAd Hominem
• Informal Fallacy of Abusive Ad Hominem
• Informal Fallacy of Circumstantial Ad Hominem– Informal Fallacy of Guilt by Association– Informal Fallacy of Poisoning the Well – Informal Fallacy of Genetic Appeal
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Positioning, Provincialism, Tradition, and Novelty
• Informal Fallacy of Provincialism
• Informal Fallacy of Appeal to Tradition
• Informal Fallacy of Appeal to Novelty
• Informal Fallacy of Guilt by Association
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Fallacious Appeal to Emotion
• Informal Fallacy of Appeal to Anger
• Informal Fallacy of Appeal to Fear
• Informal Fallacy of Appeal to Pity
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Diversionary Tactics
• Red Herring
• Straw Person
• Informal Fallacy of Two Wrongs
• Informal Fallacy of Common Practice
Invitation to Critical Thinking Chapter 11
Fallacious Appeals to Authority
• Appeals to Invincible Authority• Informal Fallacy of Appeal to Unidentified
Authority• Informal Fallacy of Appeal to Irrelevant
Authority• Informal Fallacy of Division of Expert
Opinion• Conflict of Interest