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Marathi language

Marathi VocabularyLearning the Marathi Vocabulary is very important because its structure is used in every day conversation. The more you master it the more you get closer to mastering the Marathi language. But first we need to know what the role of Vocabulary is in the structure of the grammar in Marathi.

Marathi vocabulary is the set of words you should be familiar with. A vocabulary usually grows and evolves with age, and serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and acquiring knowledge. Here are some examples:

English Vocabulary Marathi Vocabulary

Vocabulary sbdasang`ha - श b दसंग`ह

Countries dosh - दोश

Australia aaest/oliya - अाेs ट/ाोलि�य

Cambodia kambaodiya - कm बोडि�य

Canada kaenda - केन�

China chin - चीन

Egypt ijipt - इजि�p त

England ingland - इंg �ं�

France fàns - फ`ाn स

Germany जमँनी - �मँनी

Greece gìs - ग`ाीस

India bharat - भरत


Indonesia indaonoshiya - इं�ोनोशिशय

Italy itali - इट�ी

Japan japan - �पन

Mexico moikasakao - मोीकसको

Morocco maoraokakao - मोरोकको

Peru poru - पोरु

Spain spoon - s पोोन

Thailand thayaland - थय�ं�

USA amorika - अमोरिरक

Languages bhasha - भष

Arabic arabi - अरबी

Chinese chini - लिचनी

English eng`ji - इंग`�ी

French fònch - फ`ा&च

German जमँन - �मँन


Greek gìk - ग`ाीक

Hebrew hibù - डिहब`ा'

Hindi hindi - हिहंदी

Italian italiyan - इटलि�यन

Japanese japani - �पनी

Korean kaoriyan - कोरिरयन

Latin letin - �ेटिटन

Russian rashiyan - रशिशयन

Spanish spenis - s पेडिनश

Urdu udun - उदँू

Days var - वर

Monday saomavar - सोमवर

Tuesday mangalvar - मंगळवर

Wednesday budhavar - बुधवर

Thursday guruvar - गुरुवर

Friday shuk`var - शुक`वर


Saturday shaniwar - शडिनवर

Sunday ravivar - रडिववर

time vol - वोळ

hour tas - तस

minute minit - मिमडिनट

second sokand - सोकंद

List of Vocabulary in MarathiEnglish Vocabulary Marathi Vocabulary

different objects vogavogalËa vstu - वोगवोगळ Ëा व s तु

art kala - क�

bank benk - बेंक

beach samud`kinara - समुद`डिकनर

book pustak - पुs तक

by bicycle sayakalivar}n - सयक�ीवर}न

by bus basano - बसनो

by car maotaragadino - मोटरग�ीनो


by train aagagadino / roivono - अागग�ीनो / रोीवोनो

cafe upaharagruh - उपहरगृह

country dosh - दोश

desert valvant - वळवंट

dictionary sbdakaosh - श b दकोश

earth paruqvi - पृq वी

flowers fulo - फु�ो

football futabael - फ' टबे�

forest jangal - �ंग�

game khol - खोळ

garden bag - बग

geography bhugaol - भ'गो�

history itihas - इडितहस

house ghar - घर

island bot - बोट

lake talav - त�व


library g`nthalay - ग`ाथं�य

math ganit - गशि7त

moon chand` - चंद`

mountain पवँत - पवँत

movies sinomo - लिसनोमो

music sangeet - संगीत

ocean mahasagar - महसगर

office kachori / aaeifs - कचोरी / अाेीफस

on foot payi - पयी

player kholadu - खोळ�'

river nadi - नदी

science vi&aan - डिव&ान

sea samud` - समुद`

sky aakash - अाकश

soccer futabael - फ' टबे�

stars taro - तरो


supermarket सुपरमाकोँट - सुपरमकोँट

swimming pool taranatalav - तर7त�व

theater natËgruh - नट Ë गृह

tree zad - झ�

weather havaman - हवमन

bad weather kharab havaman - खरब हवमन

cloudy dhagala - ढगळ

cold thand - थं�

cool sukhad garva - सुखद गरव

foggy dhuko - धुको

hot garam - गरम

nice weather chan hava - छन हव

pouring jaoradar pauus - �ोरदर पउाुस

rain pauus - पउाुस

raining pauus padat aaho - पउाुस प�त अाहो

snow bafn - बफँ


snowing bafn padat aaho - बफँ प�त अाहो

ice bafn - बफँ

sunny सूयँप`kashit - स'यँप`कशिशत

windy varo vahano - वरो वह7ो

spring vasant rutu - वसंत ऋतु

summer unhala - उ n हळ

autumn sharadrutu - शरदऋतु

winter hivala - डिहवळ

people laok - �ोक

aunt aatya, mavshi, kaku, mami - अाt य, मवशी, कक' , ममी

baby अभँक - अभँक

brother bhauu - भउाु

cousin chulat bhauu/bahin, mamobhauu/bahin, aatobhauu/bahin, mavasabhauu/bahin - चु�त भउाुमवसभउाु/बही7

daughter mulgi - मु�गी

dentist dantavaigh - दंतवैघ

doctor daekatar - �ेकटर


father vadil - व�ी�

grandfather aajaoba - अा�ोब

grandmother aaji - अा�ी

husband pati, navara - पडित, नवर

mother aain - अाइँ

nephew putNya, bhacha - पुत N य, भच

niece putani, bhachi - पुत7ी, भची

nurse nasan, paricharika - नसँ, परिरचरिरक

policeman paolis - पो�ीस

postman paostaman - पोs टमन

professor pàQyapak - प`ाQ यपक

son mulga - मु�ग

teacher shibhak - शिशभक

uncle kaka, mama - कक, मम

wife ptni, bayakao - प t नी, बयको

Below is a list of the vocabulary and expressions in Marathi placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Marathi vocabulary.

Parts of Speech

Tenses – I-

Singular Present Tense Past tense Future Tense

मी Verb + तो Verb + लो Verb + एन/णार

तू Verb + तोस Verb + लास Verb + शील/णार

तो Verb + तो Verb + ला Verb + एल/णार

ती Verb + ते Verb + ली Verb + एल/णार

Singular Present Tense Past tense Future Tense

आम्ही Verb + तो Verb + लो Verb + ऊ/णार

तुम्ही Verb + ता Verb + ला Verb + आल/णार

ते Verb + तात Verb + ले Verb + तील/णार

� / �7े Present Past Future

मी/आम्ही मुंबईला जातो गेलो जा-णार

I/we go went will go

तू मुंबईला जातोस गेलास जा-णार

तुम्ही मुंबईला जातात गेलात जा-णार

तो मुंबईला जातो गेला जा-णार

ती मुंबईला जाते गेली जा-णार

ते मुंबईला जातात गेलेत जा-णार

Phrases

Holiday Wishes Marathi Pronunciation

Happy birthday वाढदि$वसाच्या शुभेच्छा [vaaDhdivsaachyaa shubhechchhaa]

Happy new year नवीन वर्षाा(च्या शुभेच्छा [naveen varShaachyaa shubhechchhaa]

Merry Christmas नाताळच्या शुभेच्छा [naataaLchyaa shubhechchhaa]

Good luck नशीब तुमची साथ $ेवो [nshib tumchi saath devo]

Congratulations अभिभनं$न [abhinandan]

Travel Phrases Marathi Pronunciation

I have a reservation (hotel) माझे आरक्षण आहे [maajhe aarakShaN aahe]

Do you have rooms available? तुमच्याकडे खोली उपलब्ध आहे काय? [tumchyaaksDe kholi upalabdha aahe kaay?]

I would like a non-smoking room मला धूम्रपान निननिर्षाद्ध असलेली खोली हवी आहे [malaa dhoomrapaan niShiddha asleli kholi havi aahe]

What is the charge per night? एका रात्रीचे भाडे निकती? [ekaa raatriche bhaaDe kiti?]

Is this seat taken? या सीटवर कोणी बसले आहे काय? [yaa seeTvar koNi basle aahe kaay?]

I'm vegetarian मी शाकाहारी आहे [mi shaakaahaari aahe]

Waiter वेटर [veTar]

How much is this? याची किकंमत निकती? [yaachi kimmat kiti?]

This is very expensive हे खूप महाग आहे [he khoop mahaag aahe]

Grammar

Prepositions Marathi Pronunciation

and आभिण [aaNi]

above वर [var]

Prepositions Marathi Pronunciation

under खाली [khaali]

before आधी [aadhi]

after नंतर [nantar]

in front of च्या समोर [chyaa samor]

behind मागे [maage]

far from पासून खूपच दूर [paasun khoopach door]

near जवळ [javaL]

in आत [aat]

inside आतल्या बाजूला [aatlyaa baajulaa]

outside बाहेरच्या बाजूला [baaherchyaa baajulaa]

with सोबत [sobat]

without शिशवाय, वगळून [shivaay, vagaLoon]

about निवर्षायी [viShayi]

between मध्ये [madhye]

but पण, परंतु [paN, parantu]

for साठी [saaThi]

from पासून [paasun]

to कडे [kaDe]

Preposition Grammar RulesThe following examples use prepositions in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence.

Prepositions + Rules Marathi + Pronunciation

I eat without a knife[preposition + noun]

मी सुरीशिशवाय खातो [mi surishivaay khaato]

Prepositions + Rules Marathi + Pronunciation

she lives near the church[verb + preposition]

ती चच(च्या जवळ राहाते [ti charchachyaa javaL raahaate]

he is taller than her[adjective + preposition]

तो नितच्यापेक्षा उंच आहे [to tichyaapekShaa unch aahe]

he came with his small dog[preposition + pronoun]

तो त्याच्या छोट्या कुत्र्यासोबत आला [to tyaachyaa chhoTyaa kutryaasobat aalaa]

can you come with me?[preposition + pronoun]

तुम्ही माझ्यासोबत येऊ शकाल काय? [tumhi maajhyaasobat yeoo shakaal kaay?]

Negation in MarathiNow let's learn how to make a negative sentence (negation). For example: Saying no, I can't, I don't ... The following examples use negation in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence.

Negation + Rules Marathi + Pronunciation

I understand you[affirmative form]

तुम्ही काय म्हणता ते मला समजते [tumhi kaay mhaNataa te malaa samajte]

I don't understand you[negation + verb]

तुम्ही काय म्हणता ते मला समजत नाही [tumhi kaay mhaNataa te malaa samjat naahi]

this is not the correct word[negation + adjective]

हा अचूक शब्$ नाही [haa achook shabda naahi]

don't leave me[imperative negation]

मला सोडून जाऊ नका [malaa sodoon jaaoo nakaa]

no problem[negation + noun]

कांही हरकत नाही [kaanhi harkat naahi]

Negative Sentences Marathi + Pronunciation

I don't speak French[negation + present tense]

मला फे्रन्च बोलता येत नाही [malaa french boltaa yet naahi]

she didn't visit Germany[negation + past tense]

ती जम(नीला गेली नाही [ti jarmanilaa geli naahi]

he cannot see us तो आपल्याला पाहू शकत नाही

Negative Sentences Marathi + Pronunciation

[negative modal verb] [to aaplyaalaa paahoo shakat naahi]

can't she play chess?[interrogative negation]

ती बुद्धिद्धबळ खेळू शकत नाही काय? [ti buddhibaL kheLoo shakat naahi kaay?]

we will not come late[negation + future tense]

आम्हाला उशीर होणार नाही [aamhaalaa usheer hoNaar naahi]

Questions in MarathiNow let's learn how to ask questions (interrogative). Such as: what, why, can you ...? Here are some common examples:

English Marathi Pronunciation

how? कसे? [kase?]

what? काय? [kaay?]

who? कोण? [koN?]

why? का? [kaa?]

where? कुठे? [kuThe?]

Questions + Rules Marathi + Pronunciation

where do you live?[interrogative + verb]

तुम्ही कुठे राहाता? [tumhi kuThe raahaataa?]

does she speak Chinese?[interrogative verb]

नितला शिचनी बोलता येते काय? [tilaa chini boltaa yete kaay?]

how much is this?[interrogative preposition]

याची किकंमत निकती? [yaachi kimmat kiti?]

can I help you?[interrogative modal verb]

मी तुम्हाला म$त करू शकतो काय? [mi tumhaalaa madat karu shakto kaay?]

what is your name?[interrogative preposition]

तुमचे नांव काय? [tumche naanv kaay?]

More of the interrogative form, now in a sentence:

AdverbsAdverbs Marathi Pronunciation

now आता [aataa]

yesterday काल [kaal]

today आज [aaj]

tonight आज रात्री [aaj raatri]

tomorrow उद्या [udyaa]

soon लवकरच [lavakarach]

quickly त्वरेने [tvarene]

slowly सावकाश [saavkaash]

together एकत्र [ekatra]

very अत्यंत [atyant]

almost जवळजवळ [javaLjavaL]

always नेहमी [nehmi]

usually सामान्यत: [saamaanyatahaa]

sometimes कधीकधी [kadhikadhi]

rarely क्वशिचत [kvachit]

never कधीच नाही [kadhich naahi]

Adverbs in MarathiIt's time to learn the adverbs in Marathi. But what is an adverb? In general, adverbs modify verbs and adjectives. For example: You speak fast. The adverb is [fast] because it describes the verb and answers the question how do you speak?. Here is a list of the most common ones:

The following examples use the adverbs in different ways and places to demonstrate how it behaves in a sentence.

Adverbs + Rules Marathi + Pronunciation

do you understand me now?[pronoun + adverb]

मी काय म्हणतो ते आता तुम्हाला समजते काय? [mi kaay mhaNato te aataa tumhaalaa samajte kaay?]

I need help immediately[noun + adverb]

मला म$तीची ताबडतोब आवश्यकता आहे [malaa madatichi taabaDtob aavashyakataa aahe]

she is very intelligent[adverb + adjective]

ती खूप बुद्धिद्धमान आहे [ti khoop buddhimaan aahe]

I will always love you[verb + adverb]

माझे तुमच्यावर नेहमीच पे्रम असेल [maajhe tumchyaavar nehmich prem asel]

can we learn German together?[adverb in a question]

आपण एकत्र जम(न शिशकू शकू काय? [aapaN ekatra jarman shikoo shakoo kaay?]

Pronouns

Personal Pronouns Marathi

I मी

you तू / तुम्ही

he तो

she ती

we आम्ही / आपण

they ते, त्या, ती

Pronouns in MarathiWe're almost done! This time we will learn the pronouns in Marathi. In general, a pronoun can be used instead of a noun. For example instead of saying my teacher speaks 3 languages, you can use the pronoun he, and say he speaks 3 languages. Here is a list of the most common ones:

Object Pronouns Marathi Pronunciation

me मला [malaa]

you तुला / तुम्हाला [tulaa / tumhaalaa]

him त्याला [tyaalaa]

Object Pronouns Marathi Pronunciation

her नितला [tilaa]

us आम्हाला / आपल्याला [aamhaalaa / aaplyaalaa]

them त्यांना [tyaannaa]

Possessive Pronouns Marathi Pronunciation

my माझा, माझे, माझी [maajhaa, maajhe, maajhi]

your तुझा,तुझी, तुझे, तुमचे, तुमची, तुमचा [tujhaa,tujhi, tujhe, tumche, tumchi, tumchaa]

his त्याचे, त्याचा, त्याची [tyaache, tyaachaa, tyaachi]

her नितचा, नितचे, नितची [tichaa, tiche, tichi]

our आमचे, आमचा, आमची, आपले, आपला, आपली [aamche, aamchaa, aamchi, aaple, aaplaa, aapli]

their त्यांचे, त्यांचा, त्यांची [tyaanche, tyaanchaa, tyaanchi]

I think it's better to put the above example in a sentence to better assist you. The following examples use pronouns in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence. We will start with the personal pronouns.

Personal Pronouns Marathi + Pronunciation

I am your friend[1st pronoun + verb]

मी तुमचा मिमत्र आहे [mi tumchaa mitra aahe]

you speak very fast[2nd pronoun + adverb]

तुम्ही खूपच जल$ बोलता [tumhi khoopach jalad boltaa]

he has three dogs[3rd pronoun + verb]

त्याच्याकडे तीन कुते्र आहेत [tyaachyaakaDe teen kutre aahet]

she can speak German[3rd pronoun + verb]

ती जम(न बोलू शकते [ti jarman boloo shakte]

we will not come late[1st plural pronoun]

आम्हाला उशीर होणार नाही [aamhaalaa ushir hoNaar naahi]

they bought milk and bread[3rd plural pronoun]

त्यांनी दूध आभिण बे्रड निवकत घेतले [tyaanni doodh aaNi breD vikat ghetle]

The object pronoun is used as a target by a verb, and usually come after that verb. For example: I gave him my book. The object pronoun here ishim. Here are more examples:

Object Pronouns Marathi + Pronunciation

can you tell me your name?[1st object pronoun]

तुम्ही मला तुमचे नांव सांगू शकाल काय? [tumhi malaa tumche naanv saangoo shkaal kaay?]

I will give you money[2nd object pronoun]

मी तुम्हाला पैसे $ेईन [mi tumhaalaa paise dein]

she wrote him a letter[3rd object pronoun]

नितने त्याला पत्र शिलनिहले [tine tyaalaa patra lihile]

they visited her yesterday[3rd object pronoun]

ते नितच्याकडे काल गेले होते [te tichyaakaDe kaal gele hote]

can she help us?[1st pl. object pronoun]

ती आम्हाला म$त करू शकेल काय? [ti aamhaalaa madat karoo shakel kaay?]

he gave them food[3rd pl. object pronoun]

त्याने त्यांना अन्न दि$ले [tyaane tyaannaa anna dile]

Possessive Pronouns Marathi + Pronunciation

my name is Maya[1st possessive pronoun]

माझे नांव माया आहे [maajhe naanv maayaa aahe]

your brother lives here[2nd possessive pronoun]

तुमचा भाऊ इथे राहातो [tumchaa bhaaoo ithe raahaato]

her mother cooks for us[3rd possessive pronoun]

नितची आई आमच्यासाठी स्वयंपाक करते [tichi aai aamchyaasaaThi svayampaak karte]

his hobby is reading books[3rd possessive pronoun]

पुस्तके वाचणे हा त्याचा छं$ आहे [pustake vaachNe haa tyaachaa chhand aahe]

our dream is to visit Paris[1st pl. possessive pronoun]

पॅरिरसला भेट $ेणे हे आमचे स्वप्न आहे [parislaa bheT deNe he aamche svapna aahe]

their house is not far[3rd pl. possessive pronoun]

त्यांचे घर फार दूर नाही [tyaanche ghar phaar door naahi]

One more thing you need to know is the demonstrative pronouns. They're very easy to learn.

Demonstrative Pronouns Marathi Pronunciation

this is my house हे माझे घर आहे [he maajhe ghar aahe]

Demonstrative Pronouns Marathi Pronunciation

that restaurant is far ते उपाहारगृह दूर आहे [te upaahaargruh door aahe]

these apples are delicious ही सफरचं$े छान आहेत [hi sapharchande chahan aahet]

those stars are shiny ते तारे चमक$ार आहेत [te taare chamakdaar aahet]

Translation

What is the name of object in the image? बटाटे [baTaaTe]

टोमॅटो [TomATo]

कां$े [kaande]

गाजरे [gaaajre]

सफरचं$े [sapharchande

What is the name of object in the image? पाव [paav]

दूध [doodh]

लोणी [loNi]

चीज [cheej]

कोंबडी [kombDi]

What is the name of object in the image? स्त्री [stree]

पुरुर्षा [puruSh]

घर [ghar]

गाय [gaaay]

घोडा [ghoDaa]

What is the name of object in the image? घोडा [ghoDaa]

कुत्रा [kutraa]

मांजर [maanjar]

उं$ीर [undir]

गाय [gaay]

Which one of the following means (hospital)?

डॉक्टर [dOkTar]

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और्षाधाचे दुकान [auShadhaache dukaan]

रुग्णालय [rugNaalay]

पोशिलस [polis]

Which one of the following means (pencil)?

पुस्तके [pustake]

शब्$कोश [shabdakosh]

पान [paan]

पेन्सिन्सल [pensil]

शिलनिहण्याचे छोटे टेबल [lihiNyaache chhoTe Tebal]

Which one of the following means (shoes)?

पट्टा [paTTaa]

स$रा / शट( [sadraa / sharT]

बूट [booT]

पॅन्ट [pAnT]

हॅट [hAT]

Which one of the following means (rainy)?

थंड [thanD]

गरम [garam]

बफा(ळ [barphaaL]

सूय(प्रकाशिशत [sooryaprakaashit]

पावसाळी [paavsaaLi]

The word (स्वयंपाकघर [svayampaakghar]) means which of the following:

kitchen

bedroom

house

toilet

bed

The word (त्वरेने [tvarene]) means which of the following:

always

never

quickly

slowly

rarely

The word (तोंड [tonD]) means which of the following:

ear

eye

nose

mouth

face

The word (सात [saat]) means which of the following:

five

seven

nine

three

four

How would you write (why?)

कसे? [kase?]

काय? [kaay?]

कोण? [koN?]

का? [kaa?]

केव्हां [kevhaan]