Lynas Environmental Management
Lynas Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health Management Systems
• Hazards and risks regulated primarily by the AELB, DOE and DOSH
• Management involves hazards identification, Risks assessment, Risks Control and Continuous Improvements
• Management involves:– Regulatory control through license
conditions– Regulators audits and inspections– Third party audit and monitoring– Self-regulations– Recognition by peers, stakeholders
and independent parties
Safety and Health at LAMP and
the environment
Regulatory Compliance
Regulatory Monitoring
Self Regulation by
Lynas
Third Party Monitoring
Recognition by peers and stakeholders
Lynas is compliant with its License Conditions
FOSL
EIA
OSH
others
TOL 1st (2 yrs)FOSL 2nd
(2 yrs) FOSL 3rd FOSL (3 yrs) [50 major conditions]
78 EIA AC Conditions
NOT under CIMAH regulations
MBK, MOH etc
Routine audits inspections by AELB
Routine audits and inspection by DOE/3rd party
Routine inspection by DOSH Inspections
4
Lynas implements TWO Environmental Management Systems:
RADIOLOGICAL and NON-RADIOLOGICAL
Safety, Health and Environmental Management
Radiation Safety and Health Management (RSHM) at LAMP
Radiation Safety and Health
Radiation Protection Program (adopts RSMS and OHSAS
18001)
AELB regulatory Monitoring and Audit
AELB FOSL conditions
RSHM is an integral and important part of the overall SHES Systems at the LAMP
1. Occupational exposure
2. AMS
Public and environmental exposure and impactCarried out by 3rd party
Monitoring Programs - radiation
• Radiation:
– 4 types of monitoring programs by Lynas:
a) Occupational Exposure Monitoring Program,
b) Environmental Radiation Monitoring Program,
c) Aerosol Monitoring System and
d) AELB monitoring
– Lynas monitoring is carried out by 3rd party consultant accredited by the AELB up to 20 km
– Real time and online monitoring using AMS located at LAMP and Kuantan
– AELB independent monitoring
– Lynas self regulatory monitoring
– Data available on line, and reported routinely. (The web address is: https://175.142.36.205/public/map/)
– To date Lynas carried out 43 environmental and
occupational monitoring
Monitoring is carried out independently by the regulators and 3rd party and Lynas Monitoring Programs - environment
• Environmental:– 3rd party audit and inspection approved by DOE
– DOE routine regulatory inspection
– Lynas carries out it own monitoring and inspections
– Data presented on-line and display on digital board located at gate 1 for public to view
Monitoring Monitoring frequency VendorMonitoring, YTD
(Jan,2010 – July,2018)
Ambient air Monthly PERMULAB 91Balok River Monthly PERMULAB 91Groundwater Monthly PERMULAB 91Noise level Monthly PERMULAB 91Stack sampling Half- yearly PERMULAB 17Final Discharge Point Daily
WeeklyESM 2,795
394 (starts 2011)Storm Retention Pond Daily
WeeklyESM 2,795
394 (starts 2011)Sewerage Treatment Plant Weekly ESM 342 (starts 2012)
PERFORMANCES
9
Lynas is ISO certified with 3 integrated certifications
▪ Lynas Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. accredited with world-class certifications by Bureau Veritas and NIOSH Certification Sdn Bhd:
1. Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems - OHSAS 18001:2007
2. Environmental Management Systems- ISO 14001:2015
3. Quality Management Systems - ISO 9001:2015
Our Operational Standards align with International Standards for Safety, Environment, Quality and Social Responsibility
RADIATION PERFORMANCE
43 monitoring from December 2012 – March 2018 showed
NO radiological impact to public and environment
Permissible Limit for public = 1 mSv per year; Permissible Limit for radiation workers = 20 mSv per year
11
Work Section
Off-site of LAMP
Critical GroupExternal Radiation (mSv/year)
222Rn (mSv/year)
220Rn (mSv/year)
Dust (mSv/year) Total Dose
(mSv/year)238U 232Th
1 kmworkers working at adjacent plants
Equals background
0.002 0.01Equals background
0.03
5 km PublicEqualsbackground
Equals background
Equalsbackground
Equals background
Equals background
10 km PublicEqualsbackground
Equals background
Equals background
Equals background
Equals background
20 km PublicEquals background
Equals background
Equals background
Equals background
Equals background
NOTE: Dose values given an overestimate, MDL values were used for values less than MDL in calculating doses
NO change in External Radiation Dose Rates since LAMP started operation
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Dec
em
ber
20
12
(1
st…
Jan
uar
y 2
01
3 (
2n
d R
ou
nd
)
Feb
ruar
y 2
01
3 (
3rd
Ro
un
d)
Mar
ch 2
01
3 (
4th
Ro
un
d)
Ap
ril 2
01
3 (
5th
Ro
un
d)
May
20
13
(6
th R
ou
nd
)
Jun
e 2
01
3 (
7th
Ro
un
d)
July
20
13
(8
th R
ou
nd
)
Au
gust
20
13
(9
th R
ou
nd
)
Sep
tem
ber
20
13
(1
0th
…
Oct
ob
er
20
13
(1
1th
…
No
vem
ber
20
13
(1
2th
…
Dec
em
ber
20
13
(1
3th
…
Jan
uar
y 2
01
4 (
14
th R
ou
nd
)
Feb
ruar
y 2
01
4 (
15
th…
Mar
ch 2
01
4 (
16
th R
ou
nd
)
Ap
ril 2
01
4 (
17
th R
ou
nd
)
May
20
14
(1
8th
Ro
un
d)
Jun
e 2
01
4 (
19
th R
ou
nd
)
July
20
14
(2
0th
Ro
un
d)
Au
gust
20
14
(2
1th
Ro
un
d)
Sep
tem
ber
20
14
(2
2th
…
No
v 2
01
4 (
1st
Ro
un
d)
Jan
uar
y 2
01
5 (
2n
d R
ou
nd
)
Mar
ch 2
01
5 (
3rd
Ro
un
d)
May
20
15
(4
th R
ou
nd
)
July
20
15
(5
th R
ou
nd
)
Sep
tem
ber
20
15
(6
th…
No
vem
ber
20
15
(7
th…
Jan
uar
y 2
01
6 (
8th
Ro
un
d)
Mar
ch 2
01
6 (
9th
Ro
un
d)
May
20
16
(1
0th
Ro
un
d)
July
20
16
(1
1th
Ro
un
d)
Sep
tem
ber
20
16
(1
2th
…
No
vem
ber
20
16
(1
3th
…
Jan
uar
y 2
01
7 (
14
th R
ou
nd
)
Mar
ch 2
01
7 (
15
th R
ou
nd
)
May
20
17
(1
6th
Ro
un
d)
July
20
17
(7
th R
ou
nd
)
Sep
tem
ber
20
17
(1
8th
…
No
vem
ber
20
17
(1
9th
…
Jan
uar
y 2
01
8 (
20
th R
ou
nd
)
Mar
ch 2
01
8 (
21
st R
ou
nd
)
mSv
/ye
ar
Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program (ERMP)
External Radiation mSv/year (Excluding Background)
Offsite LAMP - 1 km
Offsite LAMP - 5 km
Offsite LAMP - 10 km
Offsite LAMP - 20 km
Genting Highland = 3.4 mSv/year
Public Dose Limit = 1mSv/year
Spikes at distances further than 5 km from LAMP indicates higher background radiation levels
NO CHANGE in Radon-Thoron levels since LAMP started operation
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
1/1
0/2
01
2
1/1
2/2
01
2
1/0
2/2
01
3
1/0
4/2
01
3
1/0
6/2
01
3
1/0
8/2
01
3
1/1
0/2
01
3
1/1
2/2
01
3
1/0
2/2
01
4
1/0
4/2
01
4
1/0
6/2
01
4
1/0
8/2
01
4
1/1
0/2
01
4
1/1
2/2
01
4
1/0
2/2
01
5
1/0
4/2
01
5
1/0
6/2
01
5
1/0
8/2
01
5
1/1
0/2
01
5
1/1
2/2
01
5
1/0
2/2
01
6
1/0
4/2
01
6
1/0
6/2
01
6
1/0
8/2
01
6
1/1
0/2
01
6
1/1
2/2
01
6
1/0
2/2
01
7
1/0
4/2
01
7
1/0
6/2
01
7
1/0
8/2
01
7
1/1
0/2
01
7
1/1
2/2
01
7
1/0
2/2
01
8
1/0
4/2
01
8
1/0
6/2
01
8
Bq
/m3
Monitoring Date
Radon-Thoron (EEC) Measured by AMS at the LAMP & IPD
Radon 222 EEC LAMP (Radon)
Radon 220 EEC LAMP (Thoron)
Radon 222 EEC IPD (Radon)
Radon 220 EEC IPD (Thoron)
Radon 220 Background
Radon 222 Background
AELB occupational limits:Radon = 1481.6 Bq/m3
Thoron = 330 Bq/m3
14
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE
Envirnmental Monitoring Frequency
15
MonitoringMonitoring frequency
VendorMonitoring, YTD
(Jan,2010 – July,2018)Ambient air Monthly PERMULAB 91Balok River Monthly PERMULAB 91Groundwater Monthly PERMULAB 91Noise level Monthly PERMULAB 91Stack sampling Half- yearly PERMULAB 17Final Discharge Point Daily
WeeklyESM 2,795
394 (starts 2011)Storm Retention Pond Daily
WeeklyESM 2,795
394 (starts 2011)Sewerage Treatment Plant
Weekly ESM 342 (starts 2012)
16
MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
Janu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
y
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
pH
Effluent pH
pH Lower Limit Upper Limit
17
MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
Janu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
y
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
mg
/L
Total Suspended Solid (TSS)
SS Limit
18
MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
Janu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
y
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
mg
/L
Effluent Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
COD Limit
19
MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Janu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
y
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
mg
/L
Iron (Fe)
Fe Limit
20
MONITORINGTREATED EFFLUENT DISCHARGED
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
Janu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
yJune
July
Augu
st
Septe
mb
er
Octo
be
rN
ove
mbe
rD
ece
mbe
rJanu
ary
Feb
ruary
Ma
rch
April
Ma
y
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
mg
/L
Manganese (Mn)
Mn limit
Lynas has improved
and rectified this issue
RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY IN PERSPECTIVE
21
22
MaterialTypical Radioactivity (ppm)
ReferencesUranium thorium
Lynas NORM
Lanthanide
concentrate (3000
samples)
30 1413
Lynas
WLP (ERMP 13 -
19)31 1789
Amang
Raw tailing 189 – 1064 622 - 4965
Alnour et al. (2017) AIP Conference
Proceedings
Monazite 1076 – 1988 3467 - 33578
Zenotime 4053 5540
Zircon 309 – 3090 387 - 6339
Ilmenite 104 – 583 88 - 1205
Waste 5 – 338 9 - 1218
Comparison Between Radioactivity in Amang (Tin Tailing) and Lynas NORM
Lyas residue is comparabe
23
Lynas is DIFFERENT from Asia Rare Earth, Bukit Merah
Lynas Asia Rare Earth Remark
Raw Material Ore from Mt Weld,
Australia
Tin mining tailing
(amang) Malaysia
Thorium content in raw
material
0.16 % 6 % ARE is 37.5 x higher
than Lynas
Thorium Concentration
in residue
0.165 % 10 % ARE is 60 x higher
than Lynas
24
General Radiation Exposure relative to exposure from Lynas Operation
Normal Human Activity Annual Exposure (mSv/y)
Dose to lungs from smoking a pack of cigarette daily 150
Yearly dose to airline crew 9
Medical or dental X-ray > 0.39
Doses from Background radiation:
Worldwide average
Kerala coast, India
Norther Iran (Ramsar, Iran)
2.4
12.5
260
Lynas operation:
a. Workers at WLP RSF (radiation workers)
b. I km away (public)
2
Background
Permissible Dose Limit for Radiation Workers
Permissible Dose Limits for members of the public
20
1
-25-
WLP Residue Storage Facility is designed and
constructed to meet PDF standards
CONTROLLED
FILLDUAL LINER
SYSTEM
POLYETHYLENE
(HDPE) LINER
CLAY LINER
SCARIFY AND
RECOMPACT
PLACED AND
TRAFFIC
COMPACTED
WLP
RESIDUERAISES OF
CONTROLLED
FILL
EXISTING
GROUND
LEVEL
EXISTING
GROUND
LEVEL
EROSION
PROTECTION
DETAIL
Dual liner consists of a 300 mm low permeability compacted
clay liner overlaid with a 1.0 mm thick HDPE linerThe RSF is built on top (not excavated!!)