MODELS OF MODELS OF HEALTH PROMOTIONHEALTH PROMOTION

MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 1: FOUR MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 1: FOUR PARADIGMS OF HEALTH PROMOTION (CAPLAN PARADIGMS OF HEALTH PROMOTION (CAPLAN AND HOLLAND - 1990)AND HOLLAND - 1990)

RADICAL HUMANIST

• Holistic view of health

• De-professionalization

• Self-help networks

HUMANIST

• Holistic view of health

• Aims to improve understanding and development of self

• Client-led

RADICAL STRUCTURLIST

• Health reflects structural inequalities

• Need to challenge inequity and radically transform society.

TRADITIONAL

• Health = absence of disease

• Aim is to change behaviour

• Expert-led

Radical change

Subjective

Social regulation

Objective

Nature of knowledge

Nature of society

MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 2: HEALTH MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 2: HEALTH PROMOTION METHODS USING BEATTIE’S PROMOTION METHODS USING BEATTIE’S TYPOLOGY (BEATTIE – 1991)TYPOLOGY (BEATTIE – 1991)

Advice

Education

Behaviour change

Mass media campaign

Counselling

Education

Group work

Legislation

Policy making and implementation

Health surveillance

Lobbying

Action research

Skills sharing and training

Group work

Community development

MODE OF INTERVENTION

Individual

Negotiated

Collective

Focus of intervention

Authoritarian

MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 3: A TYPOLOGY MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 3: A TYPOLOGY OF HEALTH PROMOTION (FRENCH – 1990)OF HEALTH PROMOTION (FRENCH – 1990)

DISEASE MANAGEMENT

• Curative services

• Management services

• Caring servicesDISEASE PREVENTION

• Preventive services

• Medical services

• Behaviour change

HEALTH EDUCATION

• Agenda setting

• Empowerment and support

• InformationPOLITICS OF HEALTH

• Social action

•Policy development

• Economic and fiscal policy

MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 4: TANNAHILL’S MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 4: TANNAHILL’S MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION (DOWNIE MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION (DOWNIE et alet al – – 1990) 1990)

Health education

PreventionHealth protection

1

2

3

4

5

76

1. Preventive services, e.g. immunization, cervical screening, hypertension case finding, developmental surveillance, use of nicotine chewing gum to aid smoking cessation.

2. Preventive health education, e.g. smoking cessation advice and information.

3. Preventive health protection, e.g. fluoridation of water.

4. Health education for preventive health protection, e.g. lobbying for seat belt legislation.

5. Positive health education, e.g lifeskills with young people.

6. Positive health protection, e.g. workplace smoking policy.

7. Health education aimed at positive health protection, e.g. lobbying for a ban on tobacco advertising.

MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 5: THE MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 5: THE CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO HEALTH CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO HEALTH PROMOTION (TONES PROMOTION (TONES et alet al – – 1990)1990)

Healthy public policy

Lobbying

Advocacy

Mediation

Public pressure

Healthy social and physical environment

Healthy promoting organisation

Professional education

Healthy services

HEALTH

Healthy choices

Agenda setting

Education for health

Critical consciousness raising

Empowered participating community